Background and Objective: Bacterial agents are the most common causes of urinary infection with Escherichia coli as the major causative organism. Accordingly, the current study aimed to determine the antibiotic resistance among Escherichia coli isolates from human urinary infection cases. Materials and Methods: The current experimental study was carried out on 50 specimens of positive cultures with urinary tract infection referred to Imam Reza Hospital Laboratory in Bojnord, Iran. The resistance and susceptibility of the isolates were assessed using disc diffusion method. Moreover, the presence of tetA, blaTEM, Sul1, aac(3)-IV, and aadA1 gens was examined using molecular methods with specific primers. Results: Prevalence of antibiotic resistance to ampicillin, cotrimaxazole, levofloxacin, nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, and nitrofurantoin was measured at 84%, 60%, 60%,52%, 44%, 22%, and 6%, respectively. in total, 50 E. coli strains were isolated were examined to determine blaTEM, aac(3)-IV, tetA, Sul, and aadA1 genes using polymerase chain reaction(PCR). Based on the obtained results, the frequency of blaTEM, aac(3)-IV, tetA, Sul1, aac(3)-IV, and aadA1 genes was reported as 24%, 12%,10%, 8%, and 14%, respectively. Conclusion: Disk diffusion agar method can be used as a primary screening method to determine antibiotic susceptibility for Escherichia coli isolates separated from urinary tract infections. In addition, genotypic method can be implemented for the accurate evaluation of the resistance of the isolates.
{"title":"Phenotypic and Genotypic Study of Antibiotic Resistance among Escherichia coli Isolates from Human Urinary Infection Cases in Bojnord Province","authors":"M. Amiri, H. Farzin, M. Jamshidian-Mojaver","doi":"10.21859/AJCM.26.3.173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21859/AJCM.26.3.173","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objective: Bacterial agents are the most common causes of urinary infection with Escherichia coli as the major causative organism. Accordingly, the current study aimed to determine the antibiotic resistance among Escherichia coli isolates from human urinary infection cases. Materials and Methods: The current experimental study was carried out on 50 specimens of positive cultures with urinary tract infection referred to Imam Reza Hospital Laboratory in Bojnord, Iran. The resistance and susceptibility of the isolates were assessed using disc diffusion method. Moreover, the presence of tetA, blaTEM, Sul1, aac(3)-IV, and aadA1 gens was examined using molecular methods with specific primers. Results: Prevalence of antibiotic resistance to ampicillin, cotrimaxazole, levofloxacin, nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, and nitrofurantoin was measured at 84%, 60%, 60%,52%, 44%, 22%, and 6%, respectively. in total, 50 E. coli strains were isolated were examined to determine blaTEM, aac(3)-IV, tetA, Sul, and aadA1 genes using polymerase chain reaction(PCR). Based on the obtained results, the frequency of blaTEM, aac(3)-IV, tetA, Sul1, aac(3)-IV, and aadA1 genes was reported as 24%, 12%,10%, 8%, and 14%, respectively. Conclusion: Disk diffusion agar method can be used as a primary screening method to determine antibiotic susceptibility for Escherichia coli isolates separated from urinary tract infections. In addition, genotypic method can be implemented for the accurate evaluation of the resistance of the isolates.","PeriodicalId":52678,"journal":{"name":"pzshkhy blyny bn syn","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45219231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background and Objective: This study aimed at comparing the results of refractive cataract surgery in patients undergoing sequential surgeries in both eyes. Considering the preoperative refraction and final refraction of the first eye, it is possible to correct the refrative result of cataract surgery using the adjustment of the second eye intraocular lens (IOL) power. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted based on a matchedpair clinical-trial design. Regarding the final result of the first eye refraction, the adjustment of the second eye IOL power was determined by 50% of uncorrected refractive error. Finally, the mean spherical equivalent (SE) of the first and second eyes were determined, and the differences were analyzed using a paired t-test at a significant level of 95%. Results: A total of 470 candidates who underwent bilateral sequential cataract surgery were investigated in this study. The refractive errors ranged from -8.25 to + 6.50 and from -6.75 to +7.25 for the first and second eyes, respectively. The mean values of SE for the first and second eyes were 2.55 and 2.48 preoperatively, and 1.13 and 0.47 postoperatively, respectively. Moreover, there was a significant difference between the two groups
{"title":"Prediction of Refractive Outcome of Second Eye with Partial Adjustment of Intraocular Lens Power of the First Eye","authors":"N. Bazzazi, P. Pahlevani, M. Alizadeh","doi":"10.21859/AJCM.26.3.137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21859/AJCM.26.3.137","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objective: This study aimed at comparing the results of refractive cataract surgery in patients undergoing sequential surgeries in both eyes. Considering the preoperative refraction and final refraction of the first eye, it is possible to correct the refrative result of cataract surgery using the adjustment of the second eye intraocular lens (IOL) power. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted based on a matchedpair clinical-trial design. Regarding the final result of the first eye refraction, the adjustment of the second eye IOL power was determined by 50% of uncorrected refractive error. Finally, the mean spherical equivalent (SE) of the first and second eyes were determined, and the differences were analyzed using a paired t-test at a significant level of 95%. Results: A total of 470 candidates who underwent bilateral sequential cataract surgery were investigated in this study. The refractive errors ranged from -8.25 to + 6.50 and from -6.75 to +7.25 for the first and second eyes, respectively. The mean values of SE for the first and second eyes were 2.55 and 2.48 preoperatively, and 1.13 and 0.47 postoperatively, respectively. Moreover, there was a significant difference between the two groups","PeriodicalId":52678,"journal":{"name":"pzshkhy blyny bn syn","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47376380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rohollah Abbasi, J. Yazdani, M. Ahmadi, J. Jahanshahi, M. H. Bakhshaei, A. Moradi, F. Hashemian
Background and Objective: Adenotonsillectomy is one of the most commonly performed surgical procedures in children. Although this surgery is technically easy, it can run a high risk of serious complications, such as laryngeal spasm, laryngitis, bleeding, pain, and nausea. The present study aimed to assess the effect of preemptive dexamethasone on pediatric post
{"title":"Preemptive Dexamethasone Reduces Pediatric Post-Tonsillectomy Pain: A Triple-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial","authors":"Rohollah Abbasi, J. Yazdani, M. Ahmadi, J. Jahanshahi, M. H. Bakhshaei, A. Moradi, F. Hashemian","doi":"10.21859/AJCM.26.3.131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21859/AJCM.26.3.131","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objective: Adenotonsillectomy is one of the most commonly performed surgical procedures in children. Although this surgery is technically easy, it can run a high risk of serious complications, such as laryngeal spasm, laryngitis, bleeding, pain, and nausea. The present study aimed to assess the effect of preemptive dexamethasone on pediatric post","PeriodicalId":52678,"journal":{"name":"pzshkhy blyny bn syn","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44743473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Neurofibromatosis type1 (NF-1) is a hereditary autosomal dominant disease that is accompanied by complications, such as benign and malignant tumors and vascular involvement, including pulmonary hypertension, artery stenosis, and pulmonary artery aneurysm. Spontaneous hemothorax is a rare and lethal complication of NF-1 due to vasculopathy as stenosis or aneurysmal modifications of large intrathoracic vessels, and dysplastic alterations of small vessels in highly vascularized mesenchymal tumors. Most commonly, tumor-related hemothorax is due to neurofibroma, and the most frequently involved artery is the intercostal artery. Case Presentation: A 48-year-old male referred to our hospital with a chief complaint of dyspnea from a week ago. His symptoms began with pleuritic chest pain followed by dyspnea. The physical examination showed many neurofibromatosis lesions and café-au-lait macules on the skin. Thoracotomy was performed during the hemothorax examination. Moreover, inflammation of the pleura and fibrothorax were reported without any site of bleeding. Conclusion: Vascular complications should be regarded in NF-1. Any patient presents with hemodynamic disorder or pleural effusion should be examined and treated promptly.
{"title":"Spontaneous Hemothorax in a Patient with Neurofibromatosis Type 1: A Case Report","authors":"Zohreh Kahramfar, O. Aloosh","doi":"10.21859/AJCM.26.3.188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21859/AJCM.26.3.188","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Neurofibromatosis type1 (NF-1) is a hereditary autosomal dominant disease that is accompanied by complications, such as benign and malignant tumors and vascular involvement, including pulmonary hypertension, artery stenosis, and pulmonary artery aneurysm. Spontaneous hemothorax is a rare and lethal complication of NF-1 due to vasculopathy as stenosis or aneurysmal modifications of large intrathoracic vessels, and dysplastic alterations of small vessels in highly vascularized mesenchymal tumors. Most commonly, tumor-related hemothorax is due to neurofibroma, and the most frequently involved artery is the intercostal artery. Case Presentation: A 48-year-old male referred to our hospital with a chief complaint of dyspnea from a week ago. His symptoms began with pleuritic chest pain followed by dyspnea. The physical examination showed many neurofibromatosis lesions and café-au-lait macules on the skin. Thoracotomy was performed during the hemothorax examination. Moreover, inflammation of the pleura and fibrothorax were reported without any site of bleeding. Conclusion: Vascular complications should be regarded in NF-1. Any patient presents with hemodynamic disorder or pleural effusion should be examined and treated promptly.","PeriodicalId":52678,"journal":{"name":"pzshkhy blyny bn syn","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46051126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background and Objective: Splenectomy is one of the most common abdominal surgeries following internal and hematologic diseases, as well as trauma which is along with some complications. This study aimed to investigate the effects and outcomes of drain placement after splenectomy, open splenorrhaphy, or laparoscopy. Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study included patients with various indications who underwent splenectomy with midline or left subcostal incisions in Besat Hospital, Hamadan, Iran, during 20172018. It should be noted that the patients underwent drain insertion, and the final outcomes were evaluated after surgery. Regarding the aim of the study, variables, such as hospital stay duration, postoperative infection, the incidence of collection and dehiscence, the duplication of surgical procedures, and secretion levels on days 1 to 5 post-operation were assessed using checklists and clinical examinations. All data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 21.0). A P-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: According to the results, the mean age of the patients was 42.12±20.26 years. Moreover, out of 31 patients under study, 21 cases were male. In total, 16 (51.6%) and 15 (48.4%) patients underwent splenectomy using subcostal and midline incisions, respectively. The indications for surgery in patients included idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (n=10, 32.3%), hemolytic anemia (n=2, 6.45%), trauma (n=7, 22.6%), spleen mass (n=2, 6.5%), diagnostic procedure (n=3, 9.7%), splenomegaly (n=5, 16.1%), and hematological problems along with biliary stone disease (n=2, 6.45%). Regarding the surgical complications, the wound site collection (n=6, 6.45%) and left sub-diaphragmatic and Morison's pouch collection (n=6, 19.35%) were reported in this study. It should be noted that the duplication of the surgery was performed only in one patient, and all the cases had drainage secretions until the third day. Conclusion: The insertion of the drain after splenectomy not only prevents complications, such as hematoma, seroma, or pancreatic secretion collection below the left diaphragm but also informs the surgeon, in some cases, about bleeding after surgery. Therefore, it seems that the benefits of drain placement may outweigh the risks of not using it.
{"title":"Evaluation of Drain Placement Outcomes in Patients Requiring Splenectomy","authors":"M. Eskandarlou, Vahid Hamzeie","doi":"10.29252/AJCM.26.2.93","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29252/AJCM.26.2.93","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objective: Splenectomy is one of the most common abdominal surgeries following internal and hematologic diseases, as well as trauma which is along with some complications. This study aimed to investigate the effects and outcomes of drain placement after splenectomy, open splenorrhaphy, or laparoscopy. Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study included patients with various indications who underwent splenectomy with midline or left subcostal incisions in Besat Hospital, Hamadan, Iran, during 20172018. It should be noted that the patients underwent drain insertion, and the final outcomes were evaluated after surgery. Regarding the aim of the study, variables, such as hospital stay duration, postoperative infection, the incidence of collection and dehiscence, the duplication of surgical procedures, and secretion levels on days 1 to 5 post-operation were assessed using checklists and clinical examinations. All data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 21.0). A P-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: According to the results, the mean age of the patients was 42.12±20.26 years. Moreover, out of 31 patients under study, 21 cases were male. In total, 16 (51.6%) and 15 (48.4%) patients underwent splenectomy using subcostal and midline incisions, respectively. The indications for surgery in patients included idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (n=10, 32.3%), hemolytic anemia (n=2, 6.45%), trauma (n=7, 22.6%), spleen mass (n=2, 6.5%), diagnostic procedure (n=3, 9.7%), splenomegaly (n=5, 16.1%), and hematological problems along with biliary stone disease (n=2, 6.45%). Regarding the surgical complications, the wound site collection (n=6, 6.45%) and left sub-diaphragmatic and Morison's pouch collection (n=6, 19.35%) were reported in this study. It should be noted that the duplication of the surgery was performed only in one patient, and all the cases had drainage secretions until the third day. Conclusion: The insertion of the drain after splenectomy not only prevents complications, such as hematoma, seroma, or pancreatic secretion collection below the left diaphragm but also informs the surgeon, in some cases, about bleeding after surgery. Therefore, it seems that the benefits of drain placement may outweigh the risks of not using it.","PeriodicalId":52678,"journal":{"name":"pzshkhy blyny bn syn","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47586666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dysfunction following Mandibular fractures can lead to limitation of jaw movement especially month opening, pain, and muscular atrophy. In this regard, the current study aimed to determine the effect of manual mobilization along with other physiotherapy modalities on the improved function of TMJ in a patient with Mandibular symphyseal fracture. Case Presentation: A 16-year-old girl with a complaint of severe jaw pain and disability of mouth opening was referred to physical therapy clinic of Besat Hospital affiliated to Hamadan University of Medical Sciences. The patient underwent an open surgical treatment due to mandibular symphyseal fracture. A visual analog scale was used for the measurement of pain intensity and the maximal mouth opening was obtained by measuring the distance of the maxillary and mandibular central incisal edges using a dental ruler scaled in millimeters. Thereafter, physical therapy treatment was administered to both TM joints for five sessions every other day. The physiotherapy sessions included Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS), ultrasound, hot pack, and Maitland manual mobilization techniques. The patient demonstrated significant reduction in pain and improved maximal mouth opening upon the completion of 5-session physical therapy treatment. Conclusion: Physical therapy treatment which includes physical modalities along with manual mobilization techniques may be an effective method in the management of TMJ dysfunctions following mandibular symphyseal fracture leading to faster improvement in the function of this joint.
{"title":"A Case Report of Effect of Physical Therapy on Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction Following Mandibular Symphyseal Fracture","authors":"M. Asadi, Gholamreza Hajvalie","doi":"10.29252/AJCM.26.2.125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29252/AJCM.26.2.125","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dysfunction following Mandibular fractures can lead to limitation of jaw movement especially month opening, pain, and muscular atrophy. In this regard, the current study aimed to determine the effect of manual mobilization along with other physiotherapy modalities on the improved function of TMJ in a patient with Mandibular symphyseal fracture. Case Presentation: A 16-year-old girl with a complaint of severe jaw pain and disability of mouth opening was referred to physical therapy clinic of Besat Hospital affiliated to Hamadan University of Medical Sciences. The patient underwent an open surgical treatment due to mandibular symphyseal fracture. A visual analog scale was used for the measurement of pain intensity and the maximal mouth opening was obtained by measuring the distance of the maxillary and mandibular central incisal edges using a dental ruler scaled in millimeters. Thereafter, physical therapy treatment was administered to both TM joints for five sessions every other day. The physiotherapy sessions included Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS), ultrasound, hot pack, and Maitland manual mobilization techniques. The patient demonstrated significant reduction in pain and improved maximal mouth opening upon the completion of 5-session physical therapy treatment. Conclusion: Physical therapy treatment which includes physical modalities along with manual mobilization techniques may be an effective method in the management of TMJ dysfunctions following mandibular symphyseal fracture leading to faster improvement in the function of this joint.","PeriodicalId":52678,"journal":{"name":"pzshkhy blyny bn syn","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44866333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Bagheri, S. Masudi, S. Salarilak, K. Khademvatani, H. Khalkhali
Background and Objective: Adherence to antihypertension medications is an important factor in the control of hypertension. In this regard, the present study aimed to estimate the extent of medication adherence in hypertensive patients and its determinants in the special clinic of Seyed-al Shohada Cardiovascular Tertiary Hospital in Urmia, Iran. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 650 hypertensive patients were investigated during October to December 2016. In this study, two questionnaires were used to collect the data. The first questionnaire included the demographic and clinical characteristics, smoking status, family history of hypertension, and blood pressure measurements. The eight-item Morisky medication adherence scale was used to measure the extent of medication adherence of the participants. Moreover, the Chi-square test and logistic regression model were employed to identify the determinants of medication adherence. Results: Mean value of the participant age was reported as 59.5±10.4 years, and 63.5% of the subjects were female. Overall, 48%, 30.8%, and 21.2% of the subjects were reported with complete, moderate, and poor adherence, respectively. Among the investigated determinants, age (OR=1.02, 95% CI: 1.01-1.05), occupational status (OR=1.83, 95% CI: 1.19-2.83), absence of adverse effects of the drugs (OR=1.83, 95% CI: 1.02-2.71), use of two drugs (OR=1.75, 95% CI: 1.12-2.74), use of three drugs and more (OR=2.25, 95% CI: 1.30-3.88), and history of angioplasty (OR=1.80, 95% CI: 1.19-2.71) were associated with good adherence (i.e., complete and moderate) in this study. Only 39.4% of all participants had controlled level of hypertension. Conclusion: According to the obtained results, the patients with hypertension had good medication adherence. The determinants effective in medication adherence outlined in this study can help identify patients with low extent of adherence.
{"title":"Adherence to Hypertension Treatment and its Determinants in Patients Referred to a Tertiary Cardiology Center in Urmia, Iran","authors":"R. Bagheri, S. Masudi, S. Salarilak, K. Khademvatani, H. Khalkhali","doi":"10.21859/AJCM.26.2.83","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21859/AJCM.26.2.83","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objective: Adherence to antihypertension medications is an important factor in the control of hypertension. In this regard, the present study aimed to estimate the extent of medication adherence in hypertensive patients and its determinants in the special clinic of Seyed-al Shohada Cardiovascular Tertiary Hospital in Urmia, Iran. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 650 hypertensive patients were investigated during October to December 2016. In this study, two questionnaires were used to collect the data. The first questionnaire included the demographic and clinical characteristics, smoking status, family history of hypertension, and blood pressure measurements. The eight-item Morisky medication adherence scale was used to measure the extent of medication adherence of the participants. Moreover, the Chi-square test and logistic regression model were employed to identify the determinants of medication adherence. Results: Mean value of the participant age was reported as 59.5±10.4 years, and 63.5% of the subjects were female. Overall, 48%, 30.8%, and 21.2% of the subjects were reported with complete, moderate, and poor adherence, respectively. Among the investigated determinants, age (OR=1.02, 95% CI: 1.01-1.05), occupational status (OR=1.83, 95% CI: 1.19-2.83), absence of adverse effects of the drugs (OR=1.83, 95% CI: 1.02-2.71), use of two drugs (OR=1.75, 95% CI: 1.12-2.74), use of three drugs and more (OR=2.25, 95% CI: 1.30-3.88), and history of angioplasty (OR=1.80, 95% CI: 1.19-2.71) were associated with good adherence (i.e., complete and moderate) in this study. Only 39.4% of all participants had controlled level of hypertension. Conclusion: According to the obtained results, the patients with hypertension had good medication adherence. The determinants effective in medication adherence outlined in this study can help identify patients with low extent of adherence.","PeriodicalId":52678,"journal":{"name":"pzshkhy blyny bn syn","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45072551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohsen Ahadi, N. Rezazadeh, Elahe Mosharaf Dehkordi
Background and Objective: Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is the most common cause of vertigo with peripheral origin, and its psychologic consequences frequently ignored by clinicians. In this regard, the present study aimed to investigate the effects of BPPV on patient auditory-verbal memory. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 40 volunteer patients with acute vertigo underwent auditory and vestibular function tests. In addition, after the confirmation of BPPV, the Persian version of Dizziness Handicap Inventory was completed by all the subjects. Then, the Persian version of the Rey Auditory-Verbal Learning Test was conducted on the participants. Results: The obtained results showed that the level of disability caused by BPPV could lead to a decrease in the capacity of auditory-verbal memory in comparison to that in normal individuals. Conclusion: Patients with BPPV who suffer from severe rotator vertigo have higher number of problems in learning through auditory-verbal memory in comparison to normal individuals. Moreover, suffering from acute vertigo as an unpleasant physical condition can lead to considerable cognitive consequences in these patients.
{"title":"Effect of Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo on Auditory-Verbal Memory","authors":"Mohsen Ahadi, N. Rezazadeh, Elahe Mosharaf Dehkordi","doi":"10.21859/AJCM.26.2.105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21859/AJCM.26.2.105","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objective: Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is the most common cause of vertigo with peripheral origin, and its psychologic consequences frequently ignored by clinicians. In this regard, the present study aimed to investigate the effects of BPPV on patient auditory-verbal memory. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 40 volunteer patients with acute vertigo underwent auditory and vestibular function tests. In addition, after the confirmation of BPPV, the Persian version of Dizziness Handicap Inventory was completed by all the subjects. Then, the Persian version of the Rey Auditory-Verbal Learning Test was conducted on the participants. Results: The obtained results showed that the level of disability caused by BPPV could lead to a decrease in the capacity of auditory-verbal memory in comparison to that in normal individuals. Conclusion: Patients with BPPV who suffer from severe rotator vertigo have higher number of problems in learning through auditory-verbal memory in comparison to normal individuals. Moreover, suffering from acute vertigo as an unpleasant physical condition can lead to considerable cognitive consequences in these patients.","PeriodicalId":52678,"journal":{"name":"pzshkhy blyny bn syn","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42947008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background and Objective: Seborrheic dermatitis is a common inflammatory skin disease characterized by erythema, scaling, and pruritus. Antifungals are among the most commonly prescribed drugs for the treatment of this disease. In this regard, the present study investigated the efficacy of two medications including clotrimazole 1% and sertaconazole 2% in the treatment of adult seborrheic dermatitis. Materials and Methods: This double-blinded randomized clinical trial was performed on 100 patients over the age of 18 with seborrheic dermatitis referring to Farshchian hospital, Hamadan, Iran. Patients were randomly assigned to two groups. The participants in one group received sertaconazole twice a day for four weeks and another group received clotrimazole within this period of time. After two weeks, the patients were examined in terms of clinical symptoms and side effects of medications. Moreover, they were reexamined for recurrence of disease after the completion of treatment and four weeks later. Furthermore, the level of patients' satisfaction was evaluated four weeks after treatment. Results: Mean and standard deviation of Scoring Index 7.16±2.20 and 6.45±2.10 before treatment (P=0.184), 4.08 ± 1.82 and 2.78 ± 2.14 two weeks after treatment (P<0.001), and 2.62 ± 2.13 and 0.89 ± 1.09 four weeks after the end of treatment (P<0.001). Additionally, the relapse rate in clotrimazole and sertaconazole groups was found to be 32% and 21.7%, respectively. Furthermore, the complication rate was reported as 8% and 8.5% in clotrimazole group and sertaconazole group, respectively (P=0.220). Moreover, the rate of good satisfaction in clotrimazole and sertaconazole groups was reported as 38% and 71.1% (P<0.001), respectively. Conclusion: Based on the results of the study, the frequency of complications and recurrence of disease in patients treated with sertaconazole was comparable to treatment with clotrimazole. However, sertoconazole was found to be more effective and bring more satisfaction to
{"title":"Comparison of Efficacy of Clotrimazole 1% Cream with Sertaconazole 2% Cream in Treatment of Adult Seborrheic Dermatitis","authors":"P. Alirezaei, N. Jiryaee, Ali Abbas Shabbak","doi":"10.21859/AJCM.26.2.67","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21859/AJCM.26.2.67","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objective: Seborrheic dermatitis is a common inflammatory skin disease characterized by erythema, scaling, and pruritus. Antifungals are among the most commonly prescribed drugs for the treatment of this disease. In this regard, the present study investigated the efficacy of two medications including clotrimazole 1% and sertaconazole 2% in the treatment of adult seborrheic dermatitis. Materials and Methods: This double-blinded randomized clinical trial was performed on 100 patients over the age of 18 with seborrheic dermatitis referring to Farshchian hospital, Hamadan, Iran. Patients were randomly assigned to two groups. The participants in one group received sertaconazole twice a day for four weeks and another group received clotrimazole within this period of time. After two weeks, the patients were examined in terms of clinical symptoms and side effects of medications. Moreover, they were reexamined for recurrence of disease after the completion of treatment and four weeks later. Furthermore, the level of patients' satisfaction was evaluated four weeks after treatment. Results: Mean and standard deviation of Scoring Index 7.16±2.20 and 6.45±2.10 before treatment (P=0.184), 4.08 ± 1.82 and 2.78 ± 2.14 two weeks after treatment (P<0.001), and 2.62 ± 2.13 and 0.89 ± 1.09 four weeks after the end of treatment (P<0.001). Additionally, the relapse rate in clotrimazole and sertaconazole groups was found to be 32% and 21.7%, respectively. Furthermore, the complication rate was reported as 8% and 8.5% in clotrimazole group and sertaconazole group, respectively (P=0.220). Moreover, the rate of good satisfaction in clotrimazole and sertaconazole groups was reported as 38% and 71.1% (P<0.001), respectively. Conclusion: Based on the results of the study, the frequency of complications and recurrence of disease in patients treated with sertaconazole was comparable to treatment with clotrimazole. However, sertoconazole was found to be more effective and bring more satisfaction to","PeriodicalId":52678,"journal":{"name":"pzshkhy blyny bn syn","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47112939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background and Objective: Diabetes type 2 has been estimated as the seventh leading cause of death worldwide. Diabetic patients are 2-3 times more likely to be at the risk of atherosclerosis, compared to normal people. It has been reported that exercise prevents atherosclerosis in diabetic patients. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of exercise on vascular variables of patients with type 2 diabetes. Materials and Methods: This clinical trial was conducted on 40 patients out of 702 volunteers with diabetes who were randomly assigned into two groups of combined (aerobic and resistance) and control. The intervention protocol included 24 30-min sessions of aerobic exercise on the treadmill without any slope during 8 weeks (three sessions per week). The protocol intensity was set at 50-70% maximum heart rate and volunteers wore a weighted vest during exercise. On the other hand, the control group had no exercise for two months. All variables were measured before the intervention and after 24 sessions of the intervention protocol. Results: According to the results, there were no differences between the groups regarding demographic characteristics and a history of type 2 diabetes before the intervention. After 24 sessions, there was a significant decrease in the intima-media thickness. Moreover, the ratio of the intimamedia thickness to the lumen in three sections of Carotid Bulb, Internal Carotid, and Common Carotid was significantly reduced in the combined exercise group, compared to the control group (P<0.05); however, no significant difference was observed in the lumen diameter (P>0.05). All vascular parameters remained unchanged in the control group (P>0.05). Conclusion: In total, 24 sessions of aerobic and resistance exercise had a positive effect on vascular parameters. According to the simulation of a backpack by a weighted vest, the method used in this study was considered as a cheap and useful technique for patients with type 2 diabetes.
{"title":"Decreased Intima-Media Carotid Artery Thickness after 24 Sessions of Combined Aerobic and Resistance Exercise in Type 2 Diabetic Patients","authors":"Soulmaz Rahbar, S. Naimi","doi":"10.21859/AJCM.26.2.75","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21859/AJCM.26.2.75","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objective: Diabetes type 2 has been estimated as the seventh leading cause of death worldwide. Diabetic patients are 2-3 times more likely to be at the risk of atherosclerosis, compared to normal people. It has been reported that exercise prevents atherosclerosis in diabetic patients. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of exercise on vascular variables of patients with type 2 diabetes. Materials and Methods: This clinical trial was conducted on 40 patients out of 702 volunteers with diabetes who were randomly assigned into two groups of combined (aerobic and resistance) and control. The intervention protocol included 24 30-min sessions of aerobic exercise on the treadmill without any slope during 8 weeks (three sessions per week). The protocol intensity was set at 50-70% maximum heart rate and volunteers wore a weighted vest during exercise. On the other hand, the control group had no exercise for two months. All variables were measured before the intervention and after 24 sessions of the intervention protocol. Results: According to the results, there were no differences between the groups regarding demographic characteristics and a history of type 2 diabetes before the intervention. After 24 sessions, there was a significant decrease in the intima-media thickness. Moreover, the ratio of the intimamedia thickness to the lumen in three sections of Carotid Bulb, Internal Carotid, and Common Carotid was significantly reduced in the combined exercise group, compared to the control group (P<0.05); however, no significant difference was observed in the lumen diameter (P>0.05). All vascular parameters remained unchanged in the control group (P>0.05). Conclusion: In total, 24 sessions of aerobic and resistance exercise had a positive effect on vascular parameters. According to the simulation of a backpack by a weighted vest, the method used in this study was considered as a cheap and useful technique for patients with type 2 diabetes.","PeriodicalId":52678,"journal":{"name":"pzshkhy blyny bn syn","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48356882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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