Journal of Affective Disorders Reports最新文献_第6页

Self-poisoning evaluated in the emergency department of a general hospital in the years 2014–2020 and the provision of psychiatric services before and after the index event 2014-2020年一家综合医院急诊科对自我中毒事件的评估以及在事件发生前后提供的精神科服务

Q3 Psychology

Journal of Affective Disorders Reports

Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2024.100835

Cesare Turrina , Lorenzo Silva , Daria Bettoni , Ciro Paolillo , Tullio Elia Testa , Antonio Vita

Background

The recent literature on self-poisoning (SP) has mainly focused on the type of substances used for SP and the associated variables. Few data are available on psychiatric diagnoses, repeated SP, multiple substances SP, contacts with psychiatric services before the event and after a long follow-up.

Methods

A consecutive series of 1.807 subjects evaluated in the emergency department of a large urban university hospital was collected from 2014 to 2020. These subjects were matched with the data of Psyche-Web, a case register collecting all psychiatric contacts of the Lombardia Region, Italy.

Results

The most used drugs were benzodiazepines (37.8 %), cocaine (24.0 %), cannabis (15.2 %), antipsychotics (10.5 %), antidepressants (9.2 %). Alcohol was associated in 27.0 % of the cases. The most frequent psychiatric diagnoses were substance use (28.8 %), personality disorders (24.5 %), and mood disorders (21.7 %). Subjects who repeatedly self-poisoned were younger, more often suffered from a personality disorder and less often from a substance use disorder. In 38.2 % of the sample SP was the first-time presentation to psychiatric evaluation of a mood, personality, or psychotic disorder. At one-year follow-up 63.3 % were not in contact with psychiatric services.

Limitations

This study could not include children and adolescents because Psyche-Web stores data only for the adult population. Psychiatric diagnoses were given by specialists, but in different settings.

Conclusions

A substantial number of subjects with no previous contacts remained out of the reach of psychiatric care after discharge. A subgroup of these patients would probably benefit of a more structured referral.

背景最近有关自毒（SP）的文献主要集中在自毒所用物质的类型和相关变量上。方法收集了2014年至2020年期间在一家大型城市大学医院急诊科接受评估的1 807名连续序列受试者的数据。结果使用最多的药物是苯二氮卓（37.8%）、可卡因（24.0%）、大麻（15.2%）、抗精神病药（10.5%）和抗抑郁药（9.2%）。27.0%的病例与酒精有关。最常见的精神病诊断是药物使用（28.8%）、人格障碍（24.5%）和情绪障碍（21.7%）。屡次自我中毒的受试者年龄较轻，更多患有人格障碍，而较少患有药物使用障碍。在 38.2% 的样本中，SP 是因情绪、人格或精神障碍而首次接受精神评估。在一年的随访中，63.3%的人没有接触过精神科服务。局限性由于 Psyche-Web 仅存储了成年人的数据，因此本研究无法将儿童和青少年包括在内。结论大量以前没有接触过精神病治疗的患者在出院后仍然得不到精神病治疗。这些患者中的一部分可能会从更有组织的转诊中受益。

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引用次数: 0

Psychometric examination and factorial validity of a German short form of the Beck Hopelessness Scale in three different samples 贝克无望感量表德文简表在三个不同样本中的心理测量学检验和因子效度

Q3 Psychology

Journal of Affective Disorders Reports

Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2024.100822

T. Forkmann , J. Eimen , L. Plein , I. Höller , L. Böhler , A. Schönfelder , N. Hallensleben , D. Schreiber , L. Paashaus , G. Juckel , T. Teismann , H. Glaesmer , L. Spangenberg

Background

Hopelessness is a transdiagnostically relevant clinical construct, related to depression, post-traumatic stress disorder and suicidality. Economic, valid, and reliable assessment of hopelessness is thus crucial for both research and clinical practice. This study aimed at validating a nine-item short version of the Beck Hopelessness Scale in three large German samples of psychiatric inpatients, psychotherapy outpatients, and healthy controls.

Methods

Data from N = 2321 participants (86.3 % female, mean age 31.8 years [SD=10.4]) were used to analyze reliability, factorial validity, concurrent and discriminant validity of the BHS-9.

Results

Results showed good psychometric characteristics of the BHS-9 in inpatients, supporting its unidimensionality, construct validity, and reliability. However, factorial validity was insufficient in outpatients and controls.

Limitations

In the outpatient and control samples, the majority of participants were women. All reported analyses were cross-sectional.

Conclusions

The BHS-9 appears to be suitable for assessing hopelessness in psychiatric inpatients. However, the factorial validity of this short instrument in non-inpatient settings should be subject to future studies before its implementation in these person groups can be recommended.

背景无望感是一种与抑郁症、创伤后应激障碍和自杀有关的跨诊断相关临床结构。因此，对无望感进行经济、有效和可靠的评估对研究和临床实践都至关重要。本研究的目的是在德国三个大型精神病住院患者、心理治疗门诊患者和健康对照者样本中验证 Beck 无望感量表的九个条目简版。结果结果显示，BHS-9 在住院患者中具有良好的心理测量特征，支持其单维性、建构有效性和可靠性。局限性在门诊病人和对照组样本中，大多数参与者为女性。结论BHS-9似乎适用于评估精神病住院患者的绝望感。然而，在非住院环境中使用这一简短工具的因子有效性还需要未来的研究来验证，然后才能建议在这些人群中使用。

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引用次数: 0

Prevalence and risk factors for anxiety, stress and depression among higher education students in Portugal and Brazil 葡萄牙和巴西高校学生中焦虑、压力和抑郁的流行率和风险因素

Q3 Psychology

Journal of Affective Disorders Reports

Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2024.100825

Carmona Laura , Costa Carlos , Gascón Santiago , Ribeiro Graziela , Chambel Maria José

Objective

Determine the prevalence and risk factors for anxiety, stress and depression among higher education students in a sample from Portugal and Brazil.

Methods

Students from Portugal (n = 709) and Brazil (n = 487) answered the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) and demographic and academic characteristics questions.

Results

Rates of anxiety, stress, and depression were 55.3 %, 55.9 % and 56.3 % for Portuguese students and 71.5 %, 75.6 % and 68.2 % for Brazilian students, respectively. In the total sample, being Brazilian was found to predict anxiety, stress and depression. In both samples, being female was found to predict anxiety and stress. Being displaced was also found to affect mental health: anxiety for the Portuguese sample; stress for the Brazilian sample. Furthermore, in the Portuguese sample, fields of study were found to affect mental health: Education and Human Motricity protected from anxiety, stress and depression; Psychology protected from anxiety and depression; Medicine protected from depression. Non-working status was also found to predict depression in this sample.

Limitations

The cross-sectional design prevents the establishment of causal relationships; self-report measures may be susceptible to response bias; the recruitment of participants may be susceptible to selection bias; cultural factors and institutional differences between these countries may affect mental health.

Conclusions

Country, gender, displacement, field of study, and working status were found to affect higher education students’ mental health. From a clinical perspective, specific programs addressing anxiety, stress and depression in university students should be tested, as these disorders have a noteworthy prevalence in this population.

方法葡萄牙（709 人）和巴西（487 人）的学生回答了抑郁、焦虑和压力量表 (DASS-21) 以及人口统计学和学术特征问题。在所有样本中，发现巴西籍学生可预测焦虑、压力和抑郁。在这两个样本中，都发现女性身份可预测焦虑和压力。流离失所也会影响心理健康：葡萄牙样本会产生焦虑；巴西样本会产生压力。此外，在葡萄牙样本中，研究领域也会影响心理健康：教育和人类动力免受焦虑、压力和抑郁的影响；心理学免受焦虑和抑郁的影响；医学免受抑郁的影响。局限性横断面设计妨碍了因果关系的建立；自我报告措施可能容易出现反应偏差；参与者的招募可能容易出现选择偏差；这些国家之间的文化因素和制度差异可能会影响心理健康。从临床角度来看，应测试针对大学生焦虑、压力和抑郁的具体方案，因为这些疾病在这一人群中的发病率很高。

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引用次数: 0

Moral distress as a persistent risk factor for impaired mental health among healthcare workforce 精神痛苦是医护人员心理健康受损的一个持久性风险因素

Q3 Psychology

Journal of Affective Disorders Reports

Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2024.100817

Alice Fattori , Anna Comotti , Paolo Brambilla , Matteo Bonzini

Background

Moral distress among healthcare workers (HCWs) has dramatically increased during Covid-19 emergency however most evidence relies on cross-sectional data collected during Covid-19 early stages.

Aims

This longitudinal cohort study aims to provide a better insight into the occurrence and associations of moral distress, focusing on both its short and long-term impact on HCWs’ mental health.

Methods

A total of 990 healthcare workers completed a mental health evaluation between July 2020-July 2021 (Time 1) reporting frequencies of moral distress and psychological distress (GHQ-12), post-traumatic (IES-R) and anxiety (GAD-7) symptoms; after one year (July 2021-July 2022; Time 2), 310 participants repeated the psychological evaluation. We investigated differences considering socio-demographic and occupational characteristics. Two logistic regression models examined the potential role of moral distress as a risk factor for scorings above scales’ cut-offs at Time 1 and at Time 2.

Results

Frequent episodes of moral distress were mostly reported by nurses (24 %), physicians (22 %), younger workers (<40y; 23 %) and workers engaged in Covid-19 area; HCWs from Emergency/Intensive Care Departments reported the highest occurrence of moral distress (29 %). Results showed increases in all psychological symptoms as episodes of moral distress became more frequent. Moral distress experienced at Time 1 resulted as a persistent risk for mental health impairment in the following year, with stable ORs for post-traumatic symptoms (Time1 OR=7.8, 95 %CI=(5.3,11.6) and Time2 OR=6.6, 95 %CI=(2.9,15.7).

Conclusions

Our findings support long-term consequences of moral distress; preventive strategies may be addressed with priority to younger HCWs and nurses/physicians from Emergency and Intensive Care Departments.

背景在 Covid-19 紧急事件期间，医护人员（HCWs）的道德困扰急剧增加，但大多数证据都依赖于在 Covid-19 早期阶段收集的横断面数据。目的这项纵向队列研究旨在更好地了解道德困扰的发生和关联，重点关注其对医护人员心理健康的短期和长期影响。方法共有990名医护人员在2020年7月至2021年7月（时间1）期间完成了心理健康评估，报告了道德困扰和心理困扰（GHQ-12）、创伤后（IES-R）和焦虑（GAD-7）症状的频率；一年后（2021年7月至2022年7月；时间2），310名参与者重复了心理评估。我们调查了社会人口特征和职业特征的差异。结果护士（24%）、医生（22%）、年轻工人（<40y; 23%）和从事 Covid-19 领域工作的工人报告的精神压力发作频率最高（29%）。结果显示，随着道德困扰发生的频率增加，所有心理症状也随之增加。结论：我们的研究结果支持道德困扰的长期后果；预防策略可优先考虑年轻的医护人员以及急诊科和重症监护室的护士/医生。

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引用次数: 0

The continuum of recovery among Canadians with bipolar disorder: From remission to complete mental health 加拿大躁郁症患者康复的连续性：从病情缓解到完全心理健康

Q3 Psychology

Journal of Affective Disorders Reports

Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2024.100808

Objectives

Research on recovery from bipolar disorder focuses primarily on symptom remission and diagnostic criteria. Less attention, however, has been paid to other aspects of mental well-being and psychosocial functioning. The current study examines the prevalence of, and factors associated with, recovery from bipolar disorder through three levels: (1) remission from bipolar disorder; (2) the absence of psychiatric disorders (APD); and (3) complete mental health (CMH), which incorporates measures of happiness, life satisfaction, psychological flourishing, and absence of mental illness.

Methods

Data were drawn from the 2012 Canadian Community Health Survey-Mental Health. A subsample of 555 adults with bipolar disorder was analyzed using bivariate chi-square analyses and multivariate logistic regression models.

Results

Approximately 1 in 4 (23 %) participants with bipolar disorder achieved CMH, which was significantly lower than the 74 % of those without bipolar disorder who were in CMH. Factors associated with CMH among individuals with bipolar disorder included older age, higher household income, being married, having a confidant, utilizing religion or spirituality for coping, and being free from substance abuse or dependence and debilitating chronic pain.

Limitations

Absence of data on certain mental disorders, exclusion of hospitalized or unresponsive participants, and social desirability, may have biased the results.

Conclusion

By identifying factors associated with CMH among those with bipolar disorder, this study provides insight into recovery from bipolar disorder beyond symptom remission, highlights subpopulations who may be at heightened risk of further adverse mental health outcomes, and helps inform interventions that support recovery for individuals affected by bipolar disorder.

研究目的有关躁郁症康复的研究主要集中在症状缓解和诊断标准方面。然而，人们较少关注精神健康和心理社会功能的其他方面。本研究从三个层面研究了双相情感障碍康复的患病率和相关因素：（1）双相情感障碍缓解；（2）无精神障碍（APD）；（3）完全心理健康（CMH），其中包括幸福感、生活满意度、心理健康和无精神疾病等指标。结果大约四分之一（23%）的双相情感障碍参与者达到了CMH，明显低于74%的无双相情感障碍者达到CMH。双相情感障碍患者中与CMH相关的因素包括年龄较大、家庭收入较高、已婚、有知己、利用宗教或灵性来应对、无药物滥用或依赖以及无使人衰弱的慢性疼痛。局限性缺乏某些精神障碍的数据、排除住院或无反应的参与者以及社会期望性可能会使结果产生偏差。结论通过确定与双相情感障碍患者CMH相关的因素，本研究深入探讨了双相情感障碍患者在症状缓解后的康复情况，强调了可能面临更多不良心理健康后果风险的亚人群，并有助于为支持双相情感障碍患者康复的干预措施提供信息。

{"title":"The continuum of recovery among Canadians with bipolar disorder: From remission to complete mental health","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jadr.2024.100808","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jadr.2024.100808","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>Research on recovery from bipolar disorder focuses primarily on symptom remission and diagnostic criteria. Less attention, however, has been paid to other aspects of mental well-being and psychosocial functioning. The current study examines the prevalence of, and factors associated with, recovery from bipolar disorder through three levels: (1) remission from bipolar disorder; (2) the absence of psychiatric disorders (APD); and (3) complete mental health (CMH), which incorporates measures of happiness, life satisfaction, psychological flourishing, and absence of mental illness.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Data were drawn from the 2012 Canadian Community Health Survey-Mental Health. A subsample of 555 adults with bipolar disorder was analyzed using bivariate chi-square analyses and multivariate logistic regression models.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Approximately 1 in 4 (23 %) participants with bipolar disorder achieved CMH, which was significantly lower than the 74 % of those without bipolar disorder who were in CMH. Factors associated with CMH among individuals with bipolar disorder included older age, higher household income, being married, having a confidant, utilizing religion or spirituality for coping, and being free from substance abuse or dependence and debilitating chronic pain.</p></div><div><h3>Limitations</h3><p>Absence of data on certain mental disorders, exclusion of hospitalized or unresponsive participants, and social desirability, may have biased the results.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>By identifying factors associated with CMH among those with bipolar disorder, this study provides insight into recovery from bipolar disorder beyond symptom remission, highlights subpopulations who may be at heightened risk of further adverse mental health outcomes, and helps inform interventions that support recovery for individuals affected by bipolar disorder.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Affective Disorders Reports","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100808"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666915324000945/pdfft?md5=0e69d17453b581eeacd69c3ba8378cf7&pid=1-s2.0-S2666915324000945-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141392759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluating the effectiveness of transcranial direct current stimulation on improving cognitive function in bipolar patients 评估经颅直流电刺激对改善双相情感障碍患者认知功能的效果

Q3 Psychology

Journal of Affective Disorders Reports

Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2024.100818

Ali Talaei , Ali Akbari , Mahdiyeh Sarraf-Razavi , Shabnam Niroumand , Dina Ganji , Maryam Aghasizadeh , Ali Azadmand , Maryam Tayyebi-Meybodi , Sanam Tayyebi-Meybodi

Background

Bipolar disorder is classified as one of the most debilitating mental diseases. Although patients receive medical treatment, cognitive deficits remain in the euthymic phase in many patients. It is hypothesized that brain electrical stimulation protocols that increase cognitive function may increase the quality of life. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of transcranial direct current stimulation in improving cognitive function in bipolar patients in the euthymic phase.

Methods & Materials

In a double-blind, sham-controlled- clinical trial, 46 euthymic bipolar patients diagnosed based on DSM-V were randomly divided into the two intervention and control groups. tDCS was applied for the intervention group using an anode electrode at the left dorsolateral-peripheral cortex (F3) and the cathode at the right dorsolateral-frontal (F4) (based on the 10/20 system) at 2 mA for 20 min. The Strop Color and Word Test, The Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT), and The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAISR) were evaluated before, at the end of the third and the seventh weeks of the intervention. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS v 16.

Results

The scores of immediate and delayed auditory memory and visual memory in the intervention group, unlike the control group, improved significantly after treatment. Moreover, Wechsler's working memory score in the intervention group improved significantly after treatment. Consistent and inconsistent answers scores were also significantly improved in the intervention group compared with the controls.

Conclusion

The present study indicated that tDCS might be an efficient and safe method for improving cognitive function in euthymic bipolar patients.

背景躁郁症被列为最令人衰弱的精神疾病之一。尽管患者接受了药物治疗，但许多患者在缓解期仍存在认知障碍。据推测，能提高认知功能的脑电刺激方案可提高患者的生活质量。因此，本研究旨在评估经颅直流电刺激在改善躁狂症痊愈期患者认知功能方面的效果。方法与amp; 材料在一项双盲、假对照临床试验中，46名根据DSM-V诊断的躁狂症痊愈期患者被随机分为干预组和对照组。干预组在左侧背外侧-外周皮层（F3）处使用阳极电极，在右侧背外侧-额叶（F4）处使用阴极电极（基于 10/20 系统），电流为 2 mA，持续 20 分钟。在干预前、干预第三周和第七周结束时，分别对 Strop 颜色和单词测试、雷伊听觉言语学习测试（RAVLT）和韦氏成人智力量表（WAISR）进行了评估。结果与对照组不同的是，干预组的即时和延迟听觉记忆及视觉记忆得分在治疗后有显著提高。此外，干预组的韦氏工作记忆得分在治疗后也有明显改善。结论本研究表明，tDCS 可能是一种有效且安全的改善躁狂症患者认知功能的方法。

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引用次数: 0

Longitudinal associations of effort-reward imbalance and overcommitment with burnout symptoms among Italian university students 意大利大学生努力-回报失衡和过度承诺与职业倦怠症状的纵向联系

Q3 Psychology

Journal of Affective Disorders Reports

Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2024.100836

Bassanini Ilaria , Burdorf Alex , Schuring Merel , Porru Fabio

Background

Burnout symptoms are highly prevalent among university students. The effort-reward imbalance (ERI) model is predictive for workers’ mental health. This study aims to investigate the associations of ERI and overcommitment with burnout symptoms among students.

Methods

An Italian version of the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory-Student (OLBI-S) and the Effort-Reward Imbalance-Student Questionnaire (ERI-SQ) were administered to assess burnout symptoms (range: 16–64), effort (range: 2–8), reward (range: 5–20) and overcommitment (range: 5–20) among 545 students twice with six months of follow-up. ERI (range: 0.25–4) was estimated multiplying the effort/reward ratio by a correction factor to account the difference in items investigating effort and reward. A between-within linear regression model was used to investigate whether ERI and overcommitment were associated with burnout symptoms (between individuals) and whether individual changes in ERI and overcommitment during the follow-up were associated with changes in burnout symptoms (within individuals).

Results

Higher levels of ERI (β: 10.13, 95 % CI: 9.21–11.05) and overcommitment (β: 1.09, 95 % CI: 0.95–1.23) were associated with higher levels of burnout symptoms. An increase in ERI (β: 4.93, 95 % CI: 3.02–6.84) and overcommitment (β: 0.92, 95 % CI: 0.59–1.26) within individuals was associated with an increase in burnout symptoms.

Discussion

This study supports the validity of the ERI model in the university setting. ERI and overcommitment may be determinants of burnout symptoms among university students. Interventions at individual and environmental level may aim to decrease ERI and overcommitment to tackle the burden of burnout among students. Future research may investigate the drivers of students’ ERI and overcommitment among students.

背景倦怠症状在大学生中非常普遍。努力-回报不平衡（ERI）模型可预测工人的心理健康。本研究旨在调查ERI和过度投入与学生倦怠症状之间的关联。方法对545名学生进行了两次意大利语版的奥尔登堡学生倦怠量表（OLBI-S）和努力-回报失衡-学生问卷（ERI-SQ）调查，以评估倦怠症状（范围：16-64）、努力（范围：2-8）、回报（范围：5-20）和过度投入（范围：5-20），并进行了为期6个月的随访。ERI（范围：0.25-4）是将努力/奖励比率乘以校正系数估算得出的，校正系数是为了考虑到调查努力和奖励的项目之间的差异。结果较高水平的ERI（β：10.13，95 % CI：9.21-11.05）和过度承诺（β：1.09，95 % CI：0.95-1.23）与较高水平的倦怠症状相关。个人ERI（β：4.93，95 % CI：3.02-6.84）和过度承诺（β：0.92，95 % CI：0.59-1.26）的增加与职业倦怠症状的增加有关。讨论本研究支持ERI模型在大学环境中的有效性。ERI和过度承诺可能是大学生职业倦怠症状的决定因素。个人和环境层面的干预措施可旨在降低ERI和过度承诺，以解决学生的职业倦怠负担。未来的研究可能会调查学生ERI和过度承诺的驱动因素。

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引用次数: 0

Development and validation of the Peripartum depression scale 围产期抑郁量表的开发与验证

Q3 Psychology

Journal of Affective Disorders Reports

Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2024.100820

Sandra Nakić Radoš, Marijana Matijaš, Maja Brekalo, Maja Žutić

Background

Peripartum depression (PPD) is the most common peripartum mental health problem. However, none of the available questionnaires evaluates depressive symptoms according to the latest DSM-5-TR (APA, 2022). Peripartum Depression Scale (PDS) is a new measure of PPD developed according to DSM-5-TR full criteria and postpartum-specific symptoms described in the literature. The aim of this study was to validate a new scale to assess depression in pregnancy and postpartum.

Methods

In this online cross-sectional study, 513 pregnant women and 751 women within the 12 months postpartum completed a new PDS consisting of 43 items from Criterion A, rated on a four-point scale, and seven items on the remaining DSM-5-TR criteria. They also completed Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS), and General Data Questionnaire.

Results

Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed that the one-factor model had a poor fit, but the 9-factor with a second-order factor in postpartum sample and 10-factor model with a second-order factor in pregnant sample, on the same 42-item version of scale, had a good fit to the data. The reliability of McDonald's ω of .96 was very high in both pregnant and postpartum women. Convergent and known-groups validity was demonstrated; however, correlations with stress were high.

Limitations

Clinical interview was not administered.

Conclusion

Peripartum Depression Scale is a 42-item instrument which is shown to be a valid and reliable measure to assess depression symptoms both during pregnancy and the full postpartum year according to DSM-5-TR criteria and current literature on peripartum-specific symptoms.

背景围产期抑郁症（PPD）是最常见的围产期心理健康问题。然而，现有的调查问卷都不能根据最新的 DSM-5-TR（美国心理学会，2022 年）评估抑郁症状。围产期抑郁量表（PDS）是根据 DSM-5-TR 的全部标准和文献中描述的产后特异性症状开发的一种新的 PPD 测量方法。本研究的目的是验证评估孕期和产后抑郁的新量表。方法在这项在线横断面研究中，513 名孕妇和 751 名产后 12 个月内的妇女完成了新的 PDS，该量表由标准 A 中的 43 个条目和 DSM-5-TR 标准中的其余 7 个条目组成，采用四点量表评分。结果确认性因子分析证实，单因子模型的拟合度较差，但在产后样本中使用的带有二阶因子的 9 因子模型和在怀孕样本中使用的带有二阶因子的 10 因子模型，在相同的 42 个项目的量表版本上，与数据的拟合度较好。孕妇和产后妇女的麦克唐纳ω信度均为0.96，信度非常高。结论：产后抑郁量表是一个由42个项目组成的量表，根据DSM-5-TR标准和目前有关围产期特异性症状的文献，该量表是评估孕期和整个产后抑郁症状的有效而可靠的方法。

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引用次数: 0

Emotion dysregulation and coping motives as mediators of change in cognitive behavioral therapy-based treatments for depression and heavy episodic drinking among college students 情绪失调和应对动机是大学生抑郁和大量偶发性饮酒认知行为疗法变化的中介因素

Q3 Psychology

Journal of Affective Disorders Reports

Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2024.100831

Paola Pedrelli , Saira Madarasmi , Joshua E. Curtiss , Sydney A. DeCaro , Lauren B. Fisher , Maren Nyer , Felipe A. Jain , Brian Borsari

Background

Both cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) alone and combined with brief motivational interviewing (CBT + BMI) are associated with reductions in depression, alcohol-related problems (ARP), and heavy alcohol use among college students with co-occurring depression and heavy episodic drinking (HED). Little is known regarding how these interventions facilitate change and the temporal ordering of reductions. This study examined mediators of CBT alone versus CBT + BMI, including (1) emotion regulation constructs (cognitive reappraisal, expressive suppression, avoidance coping) and (2) drinking to cope motives. The temporal relationships between improvement in depression and reduction of ARP and HED were also examined.

Methods

Data from 94 college students with depression and HED randomized to either eight weeks of CBT alone or CBT + BMI collected during a previous trial were utilized. Multilevel structural equation models were adopted to investigate mediation models. A cross-lagged panel analysis examined temporal relationships between depression, ARP, and HED.

Results

Mediators associated with improvement did not differ between the two interventions. In both, depression amelioration was mediated by increased cognitive reappraisal and reduction of avoidance coping and drinking to cope. Reduction of drinking to cope mediated improvements in ARP.

Limitations

It is uncertain whether observed changes can be solely attributed to CBT, or if other factors may have played a role.

Conclusions

Treatment programs providing emotion regulation skills to cope with aversive affect, as an alternative to alcohol misuse, may lead to depression improvement.

背景单独的认知行为疗法（CBT）和与简短动机访谈相结合的认知行为疗法（CBT + BMI）都与抑郁症、酒精相关问题（ARP）和大量饮酒（HED）的减少有关。人们对这些干预措施如何促进改变以及减少的时间顺序知之甚少。本研究考察了单纯 CBT 与 CBT + BMI 的中介因素，包括（1）情绪调节建构（认知再评价、表达性抑制、回避应对）和（2）饮酒应对动机。研究还考察了抑郁改善与 ARP 和 HED 减少之间的时间关系。研究方法利用之前试验中收集的 94 名患有抑郁症和 HED 的大学生的数据，这些学生被随机分配到单独接受八周 CBT 或 CBT + BMI 的治疗中。采用多层次结构方程模型来研究中介模型。交叉滞后面板分析考察了抑郁、ARP 和 HED 之间的时间关系。在这两种干预中，抑郁症的改善都是通过增加认知再评价、减少回避应对和酗酒应对来实现的。局限性目前还不能确定所观察到的变化是否完全归因于 CBT，或者其他因素也起了作用。结论提供情绪调节技能以应对厌恶情绪的治疗方案，作为酒精滥用的替代方案，可能会导致抑郁症的改善。

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引用次数: 0

Personality and cognitive factors implicated in depression and anxiety in multiple sclerosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis 与多发性硬化症患者抑郁和焦虑有关的人格和认知因素：系统回顾和荟萃分析

Q3 Psychology

Journal of Affective Disorders Reports

Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2024.100832

Rebekah A. Davenport , Isabel Krug , Nicole Rickerby , Phuong Linh Dang , Elizabeth Forte , Litza Kiropoulos

Background

Depression and anxiety are prevalent among persons living with multiple sclerosis (plwMS) and are linked to negative prognostic outcomes. Cognitive theories posit that personality and cognitive factors confer risk for depression and anxiety. This meta-analytic review aimed to synthesise evidence on personality and cognitive factors related to depression and anxiety in MS and determine whether sociodemographic and clinical variables moderate factor-symptom relations.

Methods

This systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression was prospectively registered (CRD42020192253). Publications were identified through database searches (Medline, Embase, PsycInfo, WebofScience, Proquest) and considered if they included a sample of individuals with clinically definite MS (age ≥11 years) and a measure of depression or anxiety and a personality or cognitive factor. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was applied to assess methodological rigor.

Results

A total of 99 studies were included in the narrative synthesis (97 samples; N= 13,609; M_age= 44.20±7.26), with 77 contributing effects on 24 factors for random-effects meta-analyses. The most robust relationships were between depression and anxiety and higher neuroticism, lower extraversion, emotion dysregulation, and illness perceptions of serious MS consequences and a strong MS identity (r's=0.28–0.59). A set of factors exhibited specificity for depression, including psychological inflexibility (r= 0.62) and optimism (r= -0.43). Relationships varied as a function of age, gender, and MS-type.

Limitations

Limited data availability prevented evaluation of heterogeneity in all cases, and prospective conclusions. Exclusion criteria in the included studies reduced the generalisability findings.

Conclusions

Findings highlight shared and distinct factors implicated in depression and anxiety, offering insights for tailored interventions.

背景抑郁和焦虑在多发性硬化症（plwMS）患者中很普遍，并且与不良预后结果有关。认知理论认为，人格和认知因素会带来抑郁和焦虑的风险。本荟萃分析综述旨在综合与多发性硬化症患者抑郁和焦虑相关的人格和认知因素的证据，并确定社会人口学和临床变量是否会缓和因素与症状之间的关系。方法本系统综述、荟萃分析和荟萃回归均为前瞻性注册（CRD42020192253）。通过数据库检索（Medline、Embase、PsycInfo、WebofScience、Proquest）确定了相关文献，如果这些文献包含临床确诊的多发性硬化症患者样本（年龄≥11岁）、抑郁或焦虑测量指标以及人格或认知因素，则予以考虑。结果共有 99 项研究被纳入叙述性综述（97 个样本；N= 13,609; Mage= 44.20±7.26），77 项研究对 24 个因素产生了影响，并进行了随机效应元分析。抑郁和焦虑与较高的神经质、较低的外向性、情绪失调、对多发性硬化症严重后果的疾病认知以及对多发性硬化症的强烈认同之间的关系最为密切（r's=0.28-0.59）。一组因素表现出抑郁的特异性，包括心理不灵活（r= 0.62）和乐观（r= -0.43）。局限性由于数据有限，无法对所有病例的异质性进行评估，也无法得出前瞻性结论。结论研究结果强调了抑郁和焦虑的共同因素和不同因素，为有针对性的干预措施提供了启示。

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引用次数: 0