Pub Date : 2024-11-14DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2024.100851
Pankhuri Aggarwal , Vaishali V. Raval
Background
Due to high population density, more individuals with depressive symptoms reside in Low and Middle-Income Countries, though there exists limited published literature on factors that elevate risk in this population. Focusing on India, the most populous country in the world, the present study examined cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between poor relations with parents and other family members (e.g., siblings, grandparents) and depressive symptoms among urban, educated, young adults. Additionally, given the salience of familial interdependence, we examined the moderating effects of inclusion of others in one's definition of self in this association.
Methods
A total of 548 young adults (Mage = 21.4 years, 67% women) completed online questionnaires at two time points separated by six months.
Results
Poor relations with fathers and other family members were associated with greater depressive symptoms cross-sectionally, above and beyond the effects of other relations. Poor quality of interpersonal relations with parents and other family members was not associated with depressive symptoms longitudinally (after six months). There were significant main effects of poor relations (with mothers, fathers, others) cross-sectionally, over and above the effects of inclusion of others in one's sense of self though we did not find any moderating or main effects of inclusion of others in one's sense of self.
Conclusion
Quality of interpersonal relations may be a correlate but not a predictor of depressive symptoms for urban, educated, young adults in India.
Limitations
The findings may not hold true for groups other than urban, educated, young adults in India.
{"title":"Examining concurrent and longitudinal associations between quality of interpersonal relations and depressive symptoms among young adults in India","authors":"Pankhuri Aggarwal , Vaishali V. Raval","doi":"10.1016/j.jadr.2024.100851","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jadr.2024.100851","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Due to high population density, more individuals with depressive symptoms reside in Low and Middle-Income Countries, though there exists limited published literature on factors that elevate risk in this population. Focusing on India, the most populous country in the world, the present study examined cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between poor relations with parents and other family members (e.g., siblings, grandparents) and depressive symptoms among urban, educated, young adults. Additionally, given the salience of familial interdependence, we examined the moderating effects of inclusion of others in one's definition of self in this association.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 548 young adults (<em>M</em><sub>age</sub> = 21.4 years, 67% women) completed online questionnaires at two time points separated by six months.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Poor relations with fathers and other family members were associated with greater depressive symptoms cross-sectionally, above and beyond the effects of other relations. Poor quality of interpersonal relations with parents and other family members was not associated with depressive symptoms longitudinally (after six months). There were significant main effects of poor relations (with mothers, fathers, others) cross-sectionally, over and above the effects of inclusion of others in one's sense of self though we did not find any moderating or main effects of inclusion of others in one's sense of self.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Quality of interpersonal relations may be a correlate but not a predictor of depressive symptoms for urban, educated, young adults in India.</div></div><div><h3>Limitations</h3><div>The findings may not hold true for groups other than urban, educated, young adults in India.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Affective Disorders Reports","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100851"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142699912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-05DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2024.100849
Taylor P Roberts , Emma E Nowakowski , Thomas N Troyan , Sarah J Kroh , Anne M Wanaselja , Priya R Gopalan , Patricia L Dalby , Ryan C Romeo , Grace Lim
Introduction
Emergency deliveries increase maternal risk for postpartum depression (PPD) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). One in three women describe their birth experience as traumatic, but patient-centered support needs are unclear. We conducted a qualitative study of women with traumatic birth to identify patient-centered priorities to optimize mental health support.
Methods
Semi-structured interviews were conducted with women who experienced an emergency during birth, and who self-identified as experiencing traumatic birth. The Stanford Acute Stress Reaction Questionnaire and PTSD Checklist were completed. Interviews included open-ended questions about birth events that improved or worsened their delivery experience, perceptions of mental, physical, and emotional support provided by staff, and patient perspectives about psychological and social support referrals after emergent deliveries.
Results
A majority of participants met positive screening criteria for PTSD at the time of interviews. Birth experiences were affected by prenatal expectations, as well as the style and quality of clinical staff communication during and after delivery. There were four key themes central to their experiences and perceptions: (1) Emotional Impact and Intensity, (2) Factors Influencing Birth Experience, (3) Perceived Lack of Emotional Support, and (4) Desire for Post-Birth Follow-Up and Support. Participants almost unanimously desired to be offered psychosocial services after birth trauma.
Conclusion
There are significant gaps in emotional support and communication for patients experiencing traumatic births. Offering structured, in-hospital mental health referrals may address immediate psychological needs, aid in trauma recovery, and potentially mitigate long-term mental health consequences. These findings advocate for a more holistic approach to postpartum care that prioritizes both physical and emotional well-being.
{"title":"Improving psychological and social support needs after traumatic birth: A qualitative study","authors":"Taylor P Roberts , Emma E Nowakowski , Thomas N Troyan , Sarah J Kroh , Anne M Wanaselja , Priya R Gopalan , Patricia L Dalby , Ryan C Romeo , Grace Lim","doi":"10.1016/j.jadr.2024.100849","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jadr.2024.100849","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Emergency deliveries increase maternal risk for postpartum depression (PPD) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). One in three women describe their birth experience as traumatic, but patient-centered support needs are unclear. We conducted a qualitative study of women with traumatic birth to identify patient-centered priorities to optimize mental health support.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Semi-structured interviews were conducted with women who experienced an emergency during birth, and who self-identified as experiencing traumatic birth. The Stanford Acute Stress Reaction Questionnaire and PTSD Checklist were completed. Interviews included open-ended questions about birth events that improved or worsened their delivery experience, perceptions of mental, physical, and emotional support provided by staff, and patient perspectives about psychological and social support referrals after emergent deliveries.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A majority of participants met positive screening criteria for PTSD at the time of interviews. Birth experiences were affected by prenatal expectations, as well as the style and quality of clinical staff communication during and after delivery. There were four key themes central to their experiences and perceptions: (1) Emotional Impact and Intensity, (2) Factors Influencing Birth Experience, (3) Perceived Lack of Emotional Support, and (4) Desire for Post-Birth Follow-Up and Support. Participants almost unanimously desired to be offered psychosocial services after birth trauma.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>There are significant gaps in emotional support and communication for patients experiencing traumatic births. Offering structured, in-hospital mental health referrals may address immediate psychological needs, aid in trauma recovery, and potentially mitigate long-term mental health consequences. These findings advocate for a more holistic approach to postpartum care that prioritizes both physical and emotional well-being.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Affective Disorders Reports","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100849"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142656781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-18DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2024.100848
Nathan Van den Bergh , Igor Marchetti , Kristof Hoorelbeke , Alvaro Sanchez-Lopez , Rudi De Raedt , Ernst H.W. Koster
Background
Important individual differences exist in how people respond to major stressors. Despite the key roles attributed to emotion regulation and cognitive control in resilience and vulnerability to stress, relatively few studies have directly investigated these relationships upon confrontation with major stressors, such as unemployment.
Methods
The current preregistered study set out to prospectively test mediational hypotheses, in which baseline cognitive control (assessed by performance on a cognitive task) and self-reported effortful control predict emotion regulation (follow-up 1), in turn predicting internalizing symptomatology or resilience (follow-up 2). Data of 84 people confronted with unemployment were analyzed using path models: one based on primary outcome measures (repetitive negative thinking and symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress) and one based on secondary questionnaire outcome measures (positive thinking style and resilience).
Results
The results show that effortful control and cognitive control are relevant distal factors to consider when investigating emotional symptoms in the unemployed.
Limitations
This study has sample modest in size, so it's important to interpret the results cautiously.
Conclusion
The current study shows how cognitive factors and emotion regulation can contribute to emotional distress and resilience when facing unemployment.
{"title":"Psychological effects of unemployment: A prospective study on cognitive control, emotion regulation, and distress","authors":"Nathan Van den Bergh , Igor Marchetti , Kristof Hoorelbeke , Alvaro Sanchez-Lopez , Rudi De Raedt , Ernst H.W. Koster","doi":"10.1016/j.jadr.2024.100848","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jadr.2024.100848","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Important individual differences exist in how people respond to major stressors. Despite the key roles attributed to emotion regulation and cognitive control in resilience and vulnerability to stress, relatively few studies have directly investigated these relationships upon confrontation with major stressors, such as unemployment.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The current preregistered study set out to prospectively test mediational hypotheses, in which baseline cognitive control (assessed by performance on a cognitive task) and self-reported effortful control predict emotion regulation (follow-up 1), in turn predicting internalizing symptomatology or resilience (follow-up 2). Data of 84 people confronted with unemployment were analyzed using path models: one based on primary outcome measures (repetitive negative thinking and symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress) and one based on secondary questionnaire outcome measures (positive thinking style and resilience).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The results show that effortful control and cognitive control are relevant distal factors to consider when investigating emotional symptoms in the unemployed.</div></div><div><h3>Limitations</h3><div>This study has sample modest in size, so it's important to interpret the results cautiously.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The current study shows how cognitive factors and emotion regulation can contribute to emotional distress and resilience when facing unemployment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Affective Disorders Reports","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100848"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142532383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Recently, anxiety and depression disorders have spread among different societies and have had unpleasant effects on people involved with the disease and societies, so the treatment of these disorders should be prioritized. In recent years, the use of various psychotherapy methods, such as acceptance and commitment-based therapies (ACT), mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT), and compassion-based therapy (CFT) for the treatment of many disorders related to mental illness have been noticed. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to compare the effectiveness of compassion-based therapy, acceptance and commitment-based therapy, and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on anxiety and depression disorders.
Methods
In this study, the electronic databases PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, ScienceDirect and Google Scholar search engines were systematically searched for studies that show the effectiveness of compassion-based interventions, acceptance and commitment-based therapy, and mind-based cognitive therapy. Reports of awareness up to May 2023 were searched. Random effects model was used to perform the analysis. Data analysis based on the mean and standard deviation of anxiety disorders or depression before and after the intervention separately and Also, the difference between the mean before and after the intervention was done, the heterogeneity of the studies was investigated using the I2 test and the publication bias was investigated using Egger's test.
Results
After the search, 3433 studies were obtained from 6 research repositories, which left 1969 studies after removing duplicate studies. After the primary and secondary review, 1876 other studies were excluded from the study, and finally 93 studies remained and the information obtained from them was used in this study. On this basis, it was proved that all three interventions, MBCT, ACT and CFT, are effective in reducing the symptoms of depression and anxiety disorders, but the greatest effect on reducing the symptoms of depression and anxiety disorders was observed in ACT.
Conclusion
Considering the positive effect of ACT, MBCT and CFT in reducing the symptoms of anxiety disorders and depression, therapists can use these treatment methods as less expensive and uncomplicated treatment methods to improve the condition of patients with such disorders. order to reduce treatment costs for communities and people involved with this category of disorders.
{"title":"Comparison of the effectiveness of treatments based on compassion, acceptance and commitment, and mindfulness on anxiety disorders and depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Nader Salari , Pegah Heidarian , Roya Hassani , Fateme Babajani , Amir Abdolmaleki , Masoud Mohammadi","doi":"10.1016/j.jadr.2024.100847","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jadr.2024.100847","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Recently, anxiety and depression disorders have spread among different societies and have had unpleasant effects on people involved with the disease and societies, so the treatment of these disorders should be prioritized. In recent years, the use of various psychotherapy methods, such as acceptance and commitment-based therapies (ACT), mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT), and compassion-based therapy (CFT) for the treatment of many disorders related to mental illness have been noticed. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to compare the effectiveness of compassion-based therapy, acceptance and commitment-based therapy, and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on anxiety and depression disorders.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this study, the electronic databases PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, ScienceDirect and Google Scholar search engines were systematically searched for studies that show the effectiveness of compassion-based interventions, acceptance and commitment-based therapy, and mind-based cognitive therapy. Reports of awareness up to May 2023 were searched. Random effects model was used to perform the analysis. Data analysis based on the mean and standard deviation of anxiety disorders or depression before and after the intervention separately and Also, the difference between the mean before and after the intervention was done, the heterogeneity of the studies was investigated using the I<sup>2</sup> test and the publication bias was investigated using Egger's test.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>After the search, 3433 studies were obtained from 6 research repositories, which left 1969 studies after removing duplicate studies. After the primary and secondary review, 1876 other studies were excluded from the study, and finally 93 studies remained and the information obtained from them was used in this study. On this basis, it was proved that all three interventions, MBCT, ACT and CFT, are effective in reducing the symptoms of depression and anxiety disorders, but the greatest effect on reducing the symptoms of depression and anxiety disorders was observed in ACT.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Considering the positive effect of ACT, MBCT and CFT in reducing the symptoms of anxiety disorders and depression, therapists can use these treatment methods as less expensive and uncomplicated treatment methods to improve the condition of patients with such disorders. order to reduce treatment costs for communities and people involved with this category of disorders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Affective Disorders Reports","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100847"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142532382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-26DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2024.100845
Carmela Mento , Clara Lombardo , Chiara La Barbiera , Simone Minossi , Maria Catena Silvestri , Abed Hadipour Lakmehsari , Fiammetta Iannuzzo , Giovanni Genovese , Maria Rosaria Anna Muscatello , Toshio Kawai
Objective
This study investigates the psychological factors influencing somatic symptoms following the end of a romantic relationship. We hypothesize that affective temperaments may predict attachment styles and depressive rumination components in individuals who have experienced abandonment. Furthermore, we postulate that gender differences exist in the variables under investigation.
Methods
The administered tests included: Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego Questionnaire (TEMPS-A), Attachment Style Questionnaire (ASQ) and Ruminative Response Scale (RRS). The differences between the groups were assessed using Student's t-test for independent samples. In addition, regression analysis, in which the RRS (Brooding, Reflection and Depression) and ASQ (Confidence, Discomfort with Closeness, Need for Approval, Preoccupation with Relationships, and Relationships as Secondary) variables were considered dependent variables and all the TEMPS-A factors were included in the equation.
Results
Subjects at the end of a love affair presented the following psychosomatic symptoms: difficulty breathing, chest pain, feeling faint, sweating, dizziness, fatigue, palpitations, air hunger, difficulty sleeping, and swollen legs and ankles. The Anxious and Hyperthymic temperaments were negative predictors of the ruminative depressive dimension, and of “Confidence” and “Discomfort with Closeness” in the ASQ. The Cyclothymic and Anxious temperaments were predictors of “Discomfort with Closeness”, “Need for Approval”, “Preoccupation with Relationships”, and “Relationships as Secondary”.
Conclusion
Affective temperaments play a crucial role in determining how an individual deals abandonment in a romantic relationship, significantly influencing attachment styles and the tendency towards depressive rumination.
{"title":"Affective temperament, attachment style and life events related to abandonment in an Italian sample with somatic symptoms","authors":"Carmela Mento , Clara Lombardo , Chiara La Barbiera , Simone Minossi , Maria Catena Silvestri , Abed Hadipour Lakmehsari , Fiammetta Iannuzzo , Giovanni Genovese , Maria Rosaria Anna Muscatello , Toshio Kawai","doi":"10.1016/j.jadr.2024.100845","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jadr.2024.100845","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study investigates the psychological factors influencing somatic symptoms following the end of a romantic relationship. We hypothesize that affective temperaments may predict attachment styles and depressive rumination components in individuals who have experienced abandonment. Furthermore, we postulate that gender differences exist in the variables under investigation.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The administered tests included: Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego Questionnaire (TEMPS-A), Attachment Style Questionnaire (ASQ) and Ruminative Response Scale (RRS). The differences between the groups were assessed using Student's <em>t</em>-test for independent samples. In addition, regression analysis, in which the RRS (Brooding, Reflection and Depression) and ASQ (Confidence, Discomfort with Closeness, Need for Approval, Preoccupation with Relationships, and Relationships as Secondary) variables were considered dependent variables and all the TEMPS-A factors were included in the equation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Subjects at the end of a love affair presented the following psychosomatic symptoms: difficulty breathing, chest pain, feeling faint, sweating, dizziness, fatigue, palpitations, air hunger, difficulty sleeping, and swollen legs and ankles. The Anxious and Hyperthymic temperaments were negative predictors of the ruminative depressive dimension, and of “Confidence” and “Discomfort with Closeness” in the ASQ. The Cyclothymic and Anxious temperaments were predictors of “Discomfort with Closeness”, “Need for Approval”, “Preoccupation with Relationships”, and “Relationships as Secondary”.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Affective temperaments play a crucial role in determining how an individual deals abandonment in a romantic relationship, significantly influencing attachment styles and the tendency towards depressive rumination.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Affective Disorders Reports","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100845"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142427038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
One of the most important challenges during pregnancy and postpartum is physical and emotional changes, including obsessive compulsive disorder. The aim of the current study is to investigate the global prevalence of obsessive-compulsive disorder during pregnancy and postpartum through a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Methods
In this research, a systematic search was conducted in several electronic databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar search engine. The search was conducted until March 2023 to find studies on the prevalence of obsessive-compulsive disorder during pregnancy and after giving birth. The Random Effects Model was used to perform the analysis and the heterogeneity of the studies was evaluated using the I2 index. Also, Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Software version 2.0 was used for data analysis.
Results
In a review of 21 studies with a volume of 2Fairbrother et al., 2016581 people, the prevalence of obsessive-compulsive disorder during pregnancy was reported as 9.1 (95 %CI: 5.2–15.6). Also, in a review of 12 studies with a volume of 7649 people, the prevalence of obsessive-compulsive disorder in postpartum period was reported as 6.2 (95 % CI: 4–9.5).
Conclusion
Based on the findings of the meta-analysis, it was revealed that in the context of pregnancy and postpartum, the prevalence of obsessive-compulsive disorder is a significant concern. Hence, more attention and support of clinicians who care for women in this period is essential. By proactively reducing the complications of OCD in both women and their infants, society can work toward ensuring positive health outcomes for all.
{"title":"Global prevalence of obsessive-compulsive disorder in pregnancy and postpartum: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Nader Salari , Sina Sharifi , Masoud Hassanabadi , Fateme Babajani , Habibolah Khazaie , Masoud Mohammadi","doi":"10.1016/j.jadr.2024.100846","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jadr.2024.100846","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>One of the most important challenges during pregnancy and postpartum is physical and emotional changes, including obsessive compulsive disorder. The aim of the current study is to investigate the global prevalence of obsessive-compulsive disorder during pregnancy and postpartum through a systematic review and meta-analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this research, a systematic search was conducted in several electronic databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar search engine. The search was conducted until March 2023 to find studies on the prevalence of obsessive-compulsive disorder during pregnancy and after giving birth. The Random Effects Model was used to perform the analysis and the heterogeneity of the studies was evaluated using the I<sup>2</sup> index. Also, Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Software version 2.0 was used for data analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In a review of 21 studies with a volume of 2<span><span>Fairbrother et al., 2016</span></span>581 people, the prevalence of obsessive-compulsive disorder during pregnancy was reported as 9.1 (95 %CI: 5.2–15.6). Also, in a review of 12 studies with a volume of 7649 people, the prevalence of obsessive-compulsive disorder in postpartum period was reported as 6.2 (95 % CI: 4–9.5).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Based on the findings of the meta-analysis, it was revealed that in the context of pregnancy and postpartum, the prevalence of obsessive-compulsive disorder is a significant concern. Hence, more attention and support of clinicians who care for women in this period is essential. By proactively reducing the complications of OCD in both women and their infants, society can work toward ensuring positive health outcomes for all.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Affective Disorders Reports","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100846"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142357621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-26DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2024.100841
Laura Williams, Warren Bartik, Suzie Cosh
Background
Young people (14–25 years) have the lowest tendency to seek mental health services, despite being the population with the highest prevalence of mental illness. Past help-seeking literature frequently identifies stigma as a key barrier to accessing services within this age group. As young people use the internet as their predominant source for health information, this systematic review aimed to examine the effectiveness of online anti-stigma interventions on reducing young people's self-stigma and perceived public stigma towards mental health help-seeking.
Method
A search was conducted on four electronic databases, PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES, CINAHL, and PubMed in February 2023. Eligible studies contained: (i) participants between the ages of 14 and 25 years; (ii) were conducted online and utilised anti-stigma (self-stigma and/or public) intervention methods for mental health help-seeking; (iii) assessed changes in help-seeking attitudes, intentions, or behaviours for common mental health problems of depression, anxiety, emotional distress, self-harm, or suicidal thoughts. Six studies were eligible for this review.
Results
Online anti-stigma interventions were mostly successful in reducing public stigma, and to a lesser degree self-stigma, and in improving young people's help-seeking intentions with some evidence also suggesting positive trends regarding increases in help-seeking behaviour and improved attitudes.
Limitations
Due to limited eligible studies and the heterogeneity of the research, generalisations should be made with caution.
Conclusions
This review demonstrates the need for higher quality evaluations that utilise health behaviour models and can effectively assess the interplay between relevant variables and allow for the assessment of long-term intervention effects.
{"title":"Online anti-stigma interventions for mental health help-seeking in young people: A systematic review","authors":"Laura Williams, Warren Bartik, Suzie Cosh","doi":"10.1016/j.jadr.2024.100841","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jadr.2024.100841","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Young people (14–25 years) have the lowest tendency to seek mental health services, despite being the population with the highest prevalence of mental illness. Past help-seeking literature frequently identifies stigma as a key barrier to accessing services within this age group. As young people use the internet as their predominant source for health information, this systematic review aimed to examine the effectiveness of online anti-stigma interventions on reducing young people's self-stigma and perceived public stigma towards mental health help-seeking.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>A search was conducted on four electronic databases, PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES, CINAHL, and PubMed in February 2023. Eligible studies contained: (i) participants between the ages of 14 and 25 years; (ii) were conducted online and utilised anti-stigma (self-stigma and/or public) intervention methods for mental health help-seeking; (iii) assessed changes in help-seeking attitudes, intentions, or behaviours for common mental health problems of depression, anxiety, emotional distress, self-harm, or suicidal thoughts. Six studies were eligible for this review.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Online anti-stigma interventions were mostly successful in reducing public stigma, and to a lesser degree self-stigma, and in improving young people's help-seeking intentions with some evidence also suggesting positive trends regarding increases in help-seeking behaviour and improved attitudes.</div></div><div><h3>Limitations</h3><div>Due to limited eligible studies and the heterogeneity of the research, generalisations should be made with caution.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This review demonstrates the need for higher quality evaluations that utilise health behaviour models and can effectively assess the interplay between relevant variables and allow for the assessment of long-term intervention effects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Affective Disorders Reports","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100841"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142357620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-23DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2024.100844
Christian Wellnhofer , Claudia Preuschhof
Objective
This systematic review aims to present a comprehensive overview of research studies investigating non-invasive, non-convulsive neuromodulation techniques, beyond transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), for addressing late-life mental disorders typically occurring in outpatient settings in individuals aged 60 years and older.
Methods
A systematic literature search was performed on four databases yielding 5022 records: PubMed, EBSCO (APA PsycInfo, APA PsycArticles, Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection, PSYNDEX Literature with PSYNDEX Tests), Cochrane Library and Scopus.
Results
A total of 21 study records were included in this systematic review, comprising 6 study trials, of which only two were randomized controlled trials (RCTs), and 21 case reports extracted from the remaining 15 records. The predominant interventions investigated across the studies included transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), trigeminal nerve stimulation (TNS), and photobiomodulation (PBM). These interventions were primarily explored in the context of geriatric depression, but also in bipolar disorder, schizoaffective disorder, catatonic schizophrenia, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
Limitations
The limited amount of data, biases in conducted studies and a lack of generalizability (e.g., many case reports) currently prevent quantitatively supported evaluations of the interventions in the older population.
Conclusions
Non-invasive, non-convulsive neuromodulation techniques for late-life mental disorders receive growing research interest. There is, however, a lack of adequately powered and well-designed high-quality studies for older age groups. Overall tDCS, TNS and PBM appeared to be safe and well-tolerated. Considering age-related challenges in pharmacological or psychotherapeutic interventions, non-invasive neuromodulation could be a promising treatment option.
目的本系统综述旨在全面概述有关经颅磁刺激（TMS）和电休克疗法（ECT）之外的非侵入性、非惊厥性神经调控技术的研究，以解决通常发生在 60 岁及以上门诊患者身上的晚年精神障碍：PubMed、EBSCO（APA PsycInfo、APA PsycArticles、Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection、PSYNDEX Literature with PSYNDEX Tests）、Cochrane Library 和 Scopus。结果 本系统综述共纳入 21 项研究记录，包括 6 项研究试验（其中只有两项是随机对照试验 (RCT)）和从其余 15 项记录中提取的 21 份病例报告。这些研究调查的主要干预措施包括经颅直流电刺激（tDCS）、三叉神经刺激（TNS）和光生物调节（PBM）。这些干预措施主要针对老年抑郁症，但也涉及双相情感障碍、分裂情感障碍、紧张性精神分裂症和创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）、结论针对晚年精神障碍的非侵入性、非抽搐性神经调节技术受到越来越多的研究关注。然而，目前还缺乏针对老年群体的、有充分证据支持的、精心设计的高质量研究。总体而言，tDCS、TNS 和 PBM 似乎是安全且耐受性良好的。考虑到与年龄相关的药物或心理治疗干预所面临的挑战，非侵入性神经调控可能是一种很有前景的治疗选择。
{"title":"Non-invasive, non-convulsive brain stimulation beyond TMS and ECT in late-life mental disorders: A systematic review","authors":"Christian Wellnhofer , Claudia Preuschhof","doi":"10.1016/j.jadr.2024.100844","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jadr.2024.100844","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This systematic review aims to present a comprehensive overview of research studies investigating non-invasive, non-convulsive neuromodulation techniques, beyond transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), for addressing late-life mental disorders typically occurring in outpatient settings in individuals aged 60 years and older.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A systematic literature search was performed on four databases yielding 5022 records: PubMed, EBSCO (APA PsycInfo, APA PsycArticles, Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection, PSYNDEX Literature with PSYNDEX Tests), Cochrane Library and Scopus.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 21 study records were included in this systematic review, comprising 6 study trials, of which only two were randomized controlled trials (RCTs), and 21 case reports extracted from the remaining 15 records. The predominant interventions investigated across the studies included transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), trigeminal nerve stimulation (TNS), and photobiomodulation (PBM). These interventions were primarily explored in the context of geriatric depression, but also in bipolar disorder, schizoaffective disorder, catatonic schizophrenia, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).</div></div><div><h3>Limitations</h3><div>The limited amount of data, biases in conducted studies and a lack of generalizability (e.g., many case reports) currently prevent quantitatively supported evaluations of the interventions in the older population.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Non-invasive, non-convulsive neuromodulation techniques for late-life mental disorders receive growing research interest. There is, however, a lack of adequately powered and well-designed high-quality studies for older age groups. Overall tDCS, TNS and PBM appeared to be safe and well-tolerated. Considering age-related challenges in pharmacological or psychotherapeutic interventions, non-invasive neuromodulation could be a promising treatment option.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Affective Disorders Reports","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100844"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142323104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-23DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2024.100843
T. Teismann , E.L. Brakemeier , T. Brockmeyer , H. Christiansen , L. Fehm , T. Forkmann , J. Glombiewski , J. Heider , A. Hermann , J. Hoyer , T. In-Albon , T. Kaiser , T. Klucken , T.M. Lincoln , W. Lutz , J. Margraf , P. Odyniec , A. Pedersen , B. Renneberg , J. Rubel , J. Velten
Background
Suicidal ideation represents a major concern in clinical practice. Yet, little is known about the effects of routine psychotherapy on the amelioration of suicidal ideation. Therefore, the aim of the current study is to assess mental disorder-specific changes of suicidal ideation in a large sample of adult outpatients undergoing routine-care cognitive-behavioural therapy in Germany.
Methods
A total of N = 4549 adult outpatients, 64.2% female; age: M(SD) = 36.83 (14.03), range: 18–89 years of age, who completed cognitive-behavioral therapy at one of 26 outpatient clinics in Germany were included in the current study. Amelioration of suicidal ideation was assessed using the Suicide Item (Item 9) of the Beck-Depression Inventory.
Results
Suicidal ideation was reported by 36.7% of the patients pretreatment and by 17.6% posttreatment. Effect sizes were small to moderate (d = 0.25 -0.51) and 4.4% reported an increase in suicidal ideation. Residual suicidal ideation at the posttreatment assessment was more likely in patients diagnosed with recurrent Major Depression, Dystymia, and Borderline Personality Disorder, and older patients.
Limitation
The study relies on a naturalistic sample, no waitlist or control conditions were involved.
Conclusion
Across primary diagnoses, a significant proportion of patients experience an amelioration of suicidal ideation over the course of routine-care psychotherapy. Still, a substantial proportion of patients report no change or an increase in suicidal ideation during treatment. Thus, continuous monitoring of suicidal ideation appears to be imperative throughout the psychotherapeutic process.
{"title":"Amelioration of suicidal ideation in routine care psychotherapy: Preliminary findings from a large multicenter assessment","authors":"T. Teismann , E.L. Brakemeier , T. Brockmeyer , H. Christiansen , L. Fehm , T. Forkmann , J. Glombiewski , J. Heider , A. Hermann , J. Hoyer , T. In-Albon , T. Kaiser , T. Klucken , T.M. Lincoln , W. Lutz , J. Margraf , P. Odyniec , A. Pedersen , B. Renneberg , J. Rubel , J. Velten","doi":"10.1016/j.jadr.2024.100843","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jadr.2024.100843","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Suicidal ideation represents a major concern in clinical practice. Yet, little is known about the effects of routine psychotherapy on the amelioration of suicidal ideation. Therefore, the aim of the current study is to assess mental disorder-specific changes of suicidal ideation in a large sample of adult outpatients undergoing routine-care cognitive-behavioural therapy in Germany.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of <em>N</em> = 4549 adult outpatients, 64.2% female; age: <em>M(SD)</em> = 36.83 (14.03), range: 18–89 years of age, who completed cognitive-behavioral therapy at one of 26 outpatient clinics in Germany were included in the current study. Amelioration of suicidal ideation was assessed using the Suicide Item (Item 9) of the Beck-Depression Inventory.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Suicidal ideation was reported by 36.7% of the patients pretreatment and by 17.6% posttreatment. Effect sizes were small to moderate (<em>d</em> = 0.25 -0.51) and 4.4% reported an increase in suicidal ideation. Residual suicidal ideation at the posttreatment assessment was more likely in patients diagnosed with recurrent Major Depression, Dystymia, and Borderline Personality Disorder, and older patients.</div></div><div><h3>Limitation</h3><div>The study relies on a naturalistic sample, no waitlist or control conditions were involved.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Across primary diagnoses, a significant proportion of patients experience an amelioration of suicidal ideation over the course of routine-care psychotherapy. Still, a substantial proportion of patients report no change or an increase in suicidal ideation during treatment. Thus, continuous monitoring of suicidal ideation appears to be imperative throughout the psychotherapeutic process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Affective Disorders Reports","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100843"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142319968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-23DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2024.100842
Francesco Bavato , Lena Mehnert , Erich Seifritz , Malek Bajbouj , Simone Grimm , Boris B. Quednow
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is an effective treatment for major depressive disorder (MDD). Neurofilament light chain (NfL) is a novel blood marker of neuroaxonal integrity, which is altered in some psychiatric disorders including MDD. Prior studies reported no long-term impact of ECT on NfL levels, but the acute effects are unclear yet. Therefore, we investigated serum NfL levels from 19 single ECT sessions in 13 patients with MDD. We found an acute increase in NfL levels post-ECT (Cohen's d=0.45), suggesting transient cytoskeletal remodelling in axons. Further research is needed to ascertain if these transient changes correspond to treatment response or side effects such as cognitive impairment.
{"title":"Acute neuroaxonal remodelling after electroconvulsive treatment in patients with major depressive disorder: A pilot study","authors":"Francesco Bavato , Lena Mehnert , Erich Seifritz , Malek Bajbouj , Simone Grimm , Boris B. Quednow","doi":"10.1016/j.jadr.2024.100842","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jadr.2024.100842","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is an effective treatment for major depressive disorder (MDD). Neurofilament light chain (NfL) is a novel blood marker of neuroaxonal integrity, which is altered in some psychiatric disorders including MDD. Prior studies reported no long-term impact of ECT on NfL levels, but the acute effects are unclear yet. Therefore, we investigated serum NfL levels from 19 single ECT sessions in 13 patients with MDD. We found an acute increase in NfL levels post-ECT (Cohen's d=0.45), suggesting transient cytoskeletal remodelling in axons. Further research is needed to ascertain if these transient changes correspond to treatment response or side effects such as cognitive impairment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Affective Disorders Reports","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100842"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142357619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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