Journal of Affective Disorders Reports最新文献

{"title":"Deliberate heat exposure for depressive disorders: A systematic review & meta-analysis","authors":"Aaron M. Rubanowitz ,&nbsp;Brendan E. Hines ,&nbsp;Varun Shravah ,&nbsp;Mike Almasri ,&nbsp;Elaina J. Vitale ,&nbsp;Tyler Owen ,&nbsp;Stephen L. Aita ,&nbsp;Nicholas C. Borgogna ,&nbsp;Nikhil Teja","doi":"10.1016/j.jadr.2026.101024","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jadr.2026.101024","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Depressive disorders affect approximately 280 million people worldwide and are associated with significant morbidity. Current treatments, including psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy, have limitations in efficacy and tolerability. Deliberate heat exposure (DHE) refers to the controlled exposure to heat through instruments such as saunas, steam showers, or hot baths. DHE has emerged as a potential novel intervention for depressive symptoms. Despite this, no synthesis of the empirical evidence exists.</div></div><div><h3>Aims</h3><div>We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) investigating DHE’s effects on depressive symptoms.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>A systematic search strategy was applied to databases (MEDLINE, Scopus, PsycArticles, Cochrane Library) to identify RCTs of DHE for depression published between 1980 and 2025. DHE interventions encompassed infrared whole-body hyperthermia devices, far-infrared ray dry saunas, hyperthermic baths, and balneotherapy. The primary outcome was change in depressive symptoms measured by validated scales. Extracted effects from included studies were pooled using Hedges’ <em>g</em>. Analyses were conducted using the random effects model. Cochrane’s Risk of Bias 2.0 tool was used to assess each RCT’s risk of bias.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Seven studies involving 363 participants were included. Random-effects meta-analysis revealed a small but statistically significant effect of DHE in reducing depressive symptoms (Hedges' <em>g</em> = 0.32; 95% CI, 0.12-0.52). Effect sizes ranged from 0.08 to 0.77 across studies. DHE showed greater efficacy when compared to passive controls (<em>g</em> = 0.54; 95% CI, 0.04-1.03) than active controls (<em>g</em> = 0.28; 95% CI, 0.06 to 0.49). Some studies reported rapid onset of improvement within two weeks. DHE was also associated with improvements in sleep quality, pain, and fatigue.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>DHE demonstrates a small but significant effect in reducing depressive symptoms. Methodological limitations include small sample sizes and intervention heterogeneity, which necessitates larger more rigorous trials to determine a more definitive clinical role for DHE in depression management and determine optimal DHE protocols. While methodological limitations necessitate larger trials to establish definitive protocols, these consistent findings, combined with strong biological plausibility and apparent safety profile, may inform discussions between clinicians and selected patients seeking experimental non-pharmacological approaches.</div><div>PROSPERO registration (CRD42023471821)</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Affective Disorders Reports","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 101024"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145976081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk factors for repeated suicide attempts and self-harm among suicide attempters admitted to emergency departments: A secondary analysis of the ACTION-J study","authors":"Yoshitaka Kawashima ,&nbsp;Naohiro Yonemoto ,&nbsp;Ryuichiro Narishige ,&nbsp;Yasushi Otaka ,&nbsp;Takao Ito ,&nbsp;Hisako Yamada ,&nbsp;Yoshio Hirayasu ,&nbsp;Chiaki Kawanishi","doi":"10.1016/j.jadr.2025.101003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jadr.2025.101003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Treating patients with repeated suicide attempts and/or self-harm episodes is an important issue. The aim of the present study was to investigate the risk factors for the number of repeated suicide attempts and overall self-harm episodes among patients admitted to emergency departments because of an index suicide attempt.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study was a secondary analysis of randomized controlled trials in Japan. The participants were adult patients who were admitted to emergency departments for a suicide attempt and had a DSM-IV-TR axis I disorder. Outcomes were the number of repeated suicide attempt episodes, and the number of repeated overall self-harm episodes per person-year. Multivariate Poisson analysis was conducted by sex.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>914 patients were analyzed. The multivariate analysis in men for the number of repeated overall self-harm episodes revealed significant associations with age, substance-related disorder, drinking alcohol, and visiting a psychiatrist. In women, age, psychiatric disorder, drinking alcohol, visiting a psychiatrist, education, employment, being married, living with partner or family, previous suicide attempts, and drug overdose involving admission to an emergency department were identified as significant factors.</div></div><div><h3>Limitations</h3><div>Patients who self-harmed but were not admitted to an emergency department, and patients under 20 years old were excluded.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>A common risk factor for both repeated suicide attempts and repeated overall self-harm in both men and women was visiting a psychiatrist within 1 month or within &gt;3 months before the index suicide attempt. The role of psychiatric medical institutions in preventing repeat suicide attempts is considered to be important.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Affective Disorders Reports","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 101003"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145924672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Positive depression screening and associated factors among children with sickle cell anemia attending a tertiary hospital in Mwanza, Tanzania: A Cross-sectional study","authors":"Eunice H. Barnabas ,&nbsp;Matiko Mwita ,&nbsp;Rogatus M. Kabyemera ,&nbsp;Emmanuela E. Ambrose","doi":"10.1016/j.jadr.2025.101006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jadr.2025.101006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Depression is an increasingly important public health concern among children, particularly those living with chronic illnesses, including sickle cell anemia. Due to a lack of routine screening in sickle cell clinics, depression often goes undiagnosed and untreated, making it crucial to assess its magnitude for appropriate intervention. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with positive depression screening among children with sickle cell anemia attending Bugando Medical Centre, a tertiary hospital in Mwanza, northwestern Tanzania.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among children with sickle cell anemia attending the pediatric and medical outpatient clinics at Bugando Medical Centre. Structured questionnaires were used to collect data on sociodemographic and disease severity while likelihood of depression was determined using the Children's Depression Inventory tool. Participants were recruited using a systematic sampling technique between January 1st and March 31st 2024.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 200 participants were enrolled, with a median age of 11 [IQR 9–13] years and more than half of the participants were male, 104 (52.0 %). Elevated risk of depression was identified in 20 % of the children. Children in middle adolescence (AOR:3.1, 95 % CI:1.1–8.2, <em>p</em> = 0.036) and those with severe sickle cell anemia (AOR:5.0, 95 % CI:1.5–19.6, <em>p</em> = 0.010) had higher odds of positive depression screening.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>One in five children with sickle cell anemia demonstrated symptoms of depression, highlighting a significant mental health burden and underscoring the urgent need for targeted mental health interventions, especially among sickle cell anemia patients in middle adolescence and those with severe sickle cell anemia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Affective Disorders Reports","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 101006"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145736938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying structural linguistic markers of depression in written text: A narrative review of language analysis methods","authors":"Clara Khuon ,&nbsp;Gabriel Tillman ,&nbsp;George Van Doorn ,&nbsp;Jacob Dye ,&nbsp;Kimberley A. McFarlane ,&nbsp;Bridianne O’Dea ,&nbsp;Taylor A. Braund","doi":"10.1016/j.jadr.2026.101022","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jadr.2026.101022","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study of ‘linguistic markers’ has gained prominence as a method of exploring how depressive symptoms are reflected in language use. In the context of depression, existing research has predominantly focused on perspectives of analysis related to language meaning and thematic content (e.g., semantics). In contrast, techniques that examine the underlying structure and grammatical composition of language (e.g., syntax) remain a novel application for identifying text-based markers of depression. Digital phenotyping enables the efficient collection of written text samples through digital, remote, and low-cost methodologies, making written language a practical and scalable target for research. Coinciding with advancements of natural language processing, this creates the timely opportunity to conduct the automated analysis of text samples. As such, this paper provides an overview of language analysis techniques for the examination of linguistic markers of depression. In particular, we focus on perspectives of structural language analysis, highlighting syntactic complexity and referential cohesion as potential markers, and the insight these features may provide into the linguistic manifestations of depressive symptoms. We discuss the clinical translation of content-based markers of depression through digital phenotyping and just-in-time adaptive interventions, and the potential benefit of incorporating structure-based markers of language. Finally, we discuss automated language analysis tools for their use in clinical and research settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Affective Disorders Reports","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 101022"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145976132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The mediating role of illness perception in the association between psychological distress and symptom reporting in early-stage multiple sclerosis patients","authors":"Florencia Elena Saposnik ,&nbsp;Jorge Maurino ,&nbsp;Susana Sainz de la Maza ,&nbsp;Angela Kwan ,&nbsp;Tamara Castillo-Triviño ,&nbsp;Rocío Gómez-Ballesteros","doi":"10.1016/j.jadr.2026.101023","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jadr.2026.101023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To assess the association between psychological distress and self-reported multiple sclerosis (MS) symptom severity, and to determine whether illness perceptions mediates this relationship in patients recently diagnosed with relapsing remitting MS (RRMS).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a multicenter, non-interventional study including RRMS adult patients (disease duration of ≤18 months) residing in Spain. Participants completed self-reported measures on demographics, MS symptoms (SyMS), mental health (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, HADS), and perceptions of their RRMS (Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire, B-IPQ).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 189 participants were included [mean age (SD) of 36.6 (9.4) years and 70.6% female]. Linear regression analysis revealed a significant relationship between HADS and SyMS (<em>β =</em> 0.661, 95%CI: 0.77,1.07; <em>p</em>&lt;.001). The mediation analysis revealed that illness perception significantly and partially mediated the relationship between HADS and SyMS <strong>(</strong><em>β</em> <strong>= 0.138, <em>p</em>&lt;.001, 95% CI: 0.07, 0.20). These findings remained consistent following the adjustment for other clinical and radiological measures.</strong></div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Psychological distress and a more negative illness perception are primary factors associated with greater self-reported MS symptom burden in recently diagnosed RRMS patients. Interventions targeting illness perception may help mitigate the impact of psychological distress on patient-reported MS outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Affective Disorders Reports","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 101023"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145976080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disparities in suicidal thoughts and behaviors by sexual and gender identity: A national study of high school students in the US, 2023","authors":"Dale S. Mantey ,&nbsp;Anna C. Holdiman ,&nbsp;Alex Lao ,&nbsp;R․Andrew Yockey","doi":"10.1016/j.jadr.2025.101007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jadr.2025.101007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Suicide is the second leading cause of death among youth in the US. Individuals who identify as sexual and gender minorities are at disproportionate risk of suicide. This study aims to quantify disparities in suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs) by sexual and gender identity in a nationally representative sample of high school students in the US.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We analyzed data from <em>n</em> = 15,073 US high school students via the 2023 Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance Survey (YRBSS). Four (4) multivariate logistic regressions compared STBs (hopelessness; suicidal ideations; planned attempts; past attempts) by sexual identity and by gender identity. A multivariate ordinal logistic regression examined a composite score (0–4) of STBs. Models controlled for sex, grade, race, ethnicity, and bullying victimization.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Youth who identified as transgender had greater odds of reporting hopelessness (aOR: 3.50), suicidal ideations (aOR: 4.23), planned attempt (aOR: 2.96), and past attempts (aOR: 2.96), relative to those who identified as cisgender; similar estimates were observed for youth who reported being unsure of their gender identity. Youth who identified as gay/lesbian (aOR: 3.02), bisexual (aOR: 4.11), questioning (aOR: 3.12), and other (aOR: 5.06) had significantly higher odds of reporting more severe symptoms of STBs relative to heterosexual youth.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Youth who identified as transgender had 3 to 4 times greater odds of STBs in a national sample; sexual identity was similarly associated with STBs. Interventions that expand prevention resources and improve social support for youth who identify as sexual and gender minorities are critically needed.</div></div><div><h3>Implications and Contribution</h3><div>Transgender and sexual minority youth are more likely to report each type of STB and to report more severe symptoms of suicidality. These data suggest the need for multifaceted, suicide prevention programs tailored preventing and reduce STBs among youth, particularly transgender and sexual minority youth.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Affective Disorders Reports","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 101007"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145736933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining the triad of sensory processing, ADHD symptoms, and executive functioning in adults with ADHD: Evidence from a multi-measure assessment","authors":"Marcel Schulze ,&nbsp;Diana Immel ,&nbsp;Helena Rosen ,&nbsp;Behrem Aslan ,&nbsp;Silke Lux ,&nbsp;Alexandra Philipsen","doi":"10.1016/j.jadr.2025.101002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jadr.2025.101002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Executive function (EF) impairments are well-documented in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Beyond these cognitive deficits, individuals with ADHD often report atypical sensory processing, but the extent to which sensory processing patterns interact with ADHD symptoms to shape EF performance remains poorly understood.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Forty adults diagnosed with ADHD and 39 healthy controls completed a battery of EF tasks (Stop-Signal, Digit Span, PASAT, Stroop, Corsi, Cued Switching). ADHD symptoms were assessed with the Conners’ Adult ADHD Rating Scales (CAARS), and sensory processing with the Adolescent/Adult Sensory Profile (AASP). General linear models were estimated for each EF outcome, including group status, ADHD symptom dimensions, sensory processing domains, and their interactions. Correction for multiple comparisons was applied within interaction families (Holm).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The ADHD group showed robust alterations in working memory and inhibitiory control compared with controls. Interaction analyses suggested that sensory processing styles can affect EF performance in opposite ways across groups: in ADHD, certain combinations of symptoms and sensory patterns were associated with worsened working memory and inhibition outcomes, whereas in controls, similar patterns tended to coincide with enhanced performance. However, these interactions did not remain significant after correction for multiple testing.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The findings confirm robust EF alterations in ADHD and point to a potential, but as yet inconclusive, role of sensory processing in modulating EF. This highlights the importance of considering sensory–cognitive interactions in ADHD, while underlining the need for replication in larger, well-powered samples.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Affective Disorders Reports","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 101002"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145736937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Group schema therapy in non-responding patients with common mental disorders: a pilot study","authors":"Eline Eigenhuis ,&nbsp;Karin Remmerswaal ,&nbsp;Simone Schopman ,&nbsp;Anna D.T. Muntingh ,&nbsp;Rosa E. Boeschoten ,&nbsp;Patricia van Oppen ,&nbsp;Neeltje M. Batelaan","doi":"10.1016/j.jadr.2025.101013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jadr.2025.101013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Common mental disorders such as anxiety, depressive, and somatoform disorders often have a chronic course, with a substantial proportion of patients not responding adequately to standard treatments. Dysfunctional personality traits appear to contribute to treatment resistance. Schema therapy (ST) targets early maladaptive schemas and has proven effective for personality disorders. This pilot study examines the feasibility and outcome of group ST for non-responding patients with common mental disorders.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>Seventy-nine outpatients with anxiety, obsessive-compulsive, depression, or somatoform disorders who had not responded sufficiently to prior treatment, participated in this study. A six-week ST introduction group was offered, followed by a diagnosis-specific ST group for up to 30 weeks. Feasibility was assessed through dropout rates and the Client Satisfaction Questionnaire (CSQ-8). Clinical outcomes were measured using the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), and the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS 2.0), before and after treatment and at three month follow up.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Dropout rates were moderate, and participant satisfaction was high, indicating strong acceptability and engagement. Significant improvements were observed in anxiety, depression, and disability, with benefits persisting at 3 months after treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Limitations</h3><div>The non-controlled design limits causal conclusions. Also, mechanisms of change remain unclear. Although controlled for, high rates of missing data weaken the robustness of findings.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These findings suggest that group-ST may be a feasible and potentially effective treatment for non-responding patients and are consistent with prior evidence indicating that schema therapy could have broader applicability beyond personality disorders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Affective Disorders Reports","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 101013"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145924685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among pharmacy students at Wad Medani College of Medical Sciences and Technology during wartime in Sudan","authors":"Azza Amin ,&nbsp;Duaa A. Alsmany ,&nbsp;Abubaker Mohamed ,&nbsp;Al hissen Abubaker ,&nbsp;Thurya Almahi ,&nbsp;Zainab Hashim ,&nbsp;Ahmed Osman ,&nbsp;Yousif B. Hamdalneel ,&nbsp;Mohamed Elmustafa ,&nbsp;Alhumaira Wedaa","doi":"10.1016/j.jadr.2025.101011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jadr.2025.101011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Millions of Sudanese people have been forced to flee their homes since war erupted in April 2023. Subsequently, an alarmingly high prevalence of Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among internally displaced people has been described. This war has resulted in the displacement, loss of shelter, suspension of study, destruction of personal property, and other war-related traumatic events for the majority of pharmacy students in the country. Therefore, this study aimed to estimate the prevalence of PTSD among pharmacy students at Wad Medani College of Medical Sciences and Technology, and to explore the association between socio-demographic data, traumatic events, and PTSD prevalence. This was a cross-sectional study using an online questionnaire that collected data about socio-demographics, encountered traumatic events, and the PTSD checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5). For associations, the chi-square test and binary logistic regression were used. Overall, 45.6 % of the 456 participating pharmacy students met the criteria for PTSD. The war in Wad Medani, Sudan, led to the displacement of 94.3 % of the pharmacy students. More than half of them sought refuge in neighbouring countries. Economic status had a statistically significant association with PTSD prevalence (OR=1.497, CI (1.108 - 2.021)). All Traumatic events, such as lack of shelter (OR=2.113, CI (1.142- 3.913)), and being forced to hide (OR=2.078, CI (1.323- 3.265)) were significantly associated with PTSD. A large proportion of pharmacy students in this study may potentially be suffering from PTSD, indicating a pressing need for more research and targeted mental health services in settings affected by this conflict.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Affective Disorders Reports","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 101011"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145736936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical and neurobiological depression-associated factors: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Eling D. de Bruin ,&nbsp;Nadine Buffat ,&nbsp;Emanuel Brunner ,&nbsp;Davy Vancampfort ,&nbsp;Stefan Büchi ,&nbsp;Josef Jenewein ,&nbsp;Patrick Eggenberger","doi":"10.1016/j.jadr.2025.100998","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jadr.2025.100998","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>A diagnosis of depression is traditionally made based on clinical criteria, including current symptomatology and history. This process relies on subjective interpretation only. Identification of objective depression-associated factors using appropriate statistical methods can help formulate prevention and refine treatment programs and policies aimed at reducing depression burden. The purpose of this study was to test whether physical and neurobiological markers might be important depression-associated factors.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Ninety adults (mean age (SD) 45.7 (10.8) years, 55 females) were categorized as depressed or non-depressed. All were assessed for executive functions, heart rate variability (HRV), gait, and prefrontal cortex oxygenation during walking (measured with functional near-infrared spectroscopy, fNIRS). Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression and planned contrasts were performed to determine independent associations with a diagnosis of depression and assess differences between groups.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>LASSO regression analysis resulted in variable selection from gait, executive functions, HRV, and fNIRS measures. The resulting multiparametric model displayed very high predictive power to distinguish non-depressed individuals from those with depression (area under the curve, AUC = 0.946). Planned contrasts revealed that depression significantly differs from non-depression regarding selected single measures of executive functioning (e.g., <em>r</em> = 0.16, <em>p</em> ˂ 0.009), HRV (e.g., <em>r</em> = 0.14, <em>p</em> <em>=</em> 0.05), gait (e.g., <em>r</em> = 0.19, <em>p</em> ˂ 0.001), and fNIRS (e.g., <em>r</em> = 0.<em>16, p</em> = 0.04).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The identified depression-associated factors can possibly be combinedly used to raise awareness of modifiable factors associated with depression. Our findings warrant further investigations into the causality of the associations to determine their possible utility as modifiable risk factors and to identify their relevance within novel treatments in individuals with depression.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Affective Disorders Reports","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100998"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145618500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}