Pub Date : 2022-08-29DOI: 10.20473/mog.v30i22022.72-77
Regina Martina Cilik, Willy Sandhika, Z. Faizah
HIGHLIGHTS 1. Hormonal changes during pregnancy lead to the presence of vulvovaginal candidiasis.2. Increased incidence of vulvovaginal candidiasis in different pregnancy trimesters were analyzed.3. Frequency of vulvovaginal candidiasis tends to increase along with the gestational age. ABSTRACT Objectives: This study aimed to analyze whether there was an increase in the incidence risk of vulvovaginal candidiasis at various gestational ages. Materials and Methods: A study examined vaginal smears of pregnant women at a private midwifery practice Farida Hadjri, Surabaya, Indonesia. A total sample of 96 patients was taken by the consecutive sampling method, consisting of 32 patients each from the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd trimester of pregnancy.y The smear was examined using Gram stain at Balai Besar Laboratorium Kesehatan Daerah Jawa Timur to detect the presence of fungi elements. Data were analyzed using Chi-square test with 95% confidence interval to investigate whether there was an increased risk of vulvovaginal candidiasis and gestational age. Results: There was an increased risk of vulvovaginal candidiasis and increased gestational age (p < 0.05). This result was related to the hormonal status of pregnant women. An increase in estrogen level during pregnancy leads to an increase in glycogen production by vaginal epithelial cells, which cause the vaginal environment to become more susceptible to fungal growth. Conclusion: There was increased vulvovaginal candidiasis incidence risk along with gestational age. Pregnancy is one of the predisposing factors for candida infection.
HIGHLIGHTS1。怀孕期间荷尔蒙的变化会导致外阴阴道念珠菌病的出现。分析了不同妊娠期外阴阴道念珠菌病的发病情况。外阴阴道念珠菌病的发生频率随着胎龄的增加而增加。摘要目的:分析不同胎龄女性外阴阴道念珠菌病的发病风险是否增加。材料和方法:一项研究检查了印度尼西亚泗水Farida Hadjri私人助产诊所孕妇的阴道涂片。采用连续抽样的方法，共抽取96例患者，其中妊娠1、2、3个月各32例。y涂片在Balai Besar Laboratorium Kesehatan Daerah Jawa Timur使用革兰氏染色进行检查，以检测真菌元素的存在。数据分析采用卡方检验，95%置信区间调查是否存在外阴阴道念珠菌病风险增加与胎龄的关系。结果:外阴阴道念珠菌病发生风险增高，胎龄增高(p < 0.05)。这一结果与孕妇的荷尔蒙状况有关。怀孕期间雌激素水平的增加导致阴道上皮细胞糖原产生的增加，这导致阴道环境变得更容易受到真菌生长的影响。结论:随着胎龄的增加，外阴阴道念珠菌病的发病率增高。妊娠是念珠菌感染的易感因素之一。
{"title":"Increased vulvovaginal candidiasis incidence risk in various gestational ages at a private midwifery practice in Surabaya, Indonesia","authors":"Regina Martina Cilik, Willy Sandhika, Z. Faizah","doi":"10.20473/mog.v30i22022.72-77","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/mog.v30i22022.72-77","url":null,"abstract":"HIGHLIGHTS\u00001. Hormonal changes during pregnancy lead to the presence of vulvovaginal candidiasis.2. Increased incidence of vulvovaginal candidiasis in different pregnancy trimesters were analyzed.3. Frequency of vulvovaginal candidiasis tends to increase along with the gestational age.\u0000 \u0000ABSTRACT\u0000Objectives: This study aimed to analyze whether there was an increase in the incidence risk of vulvovaginal candidiasis at various gestational ages.\u0000Materials and Methods: A study examined vaginal smears of pregnant women at a private midwifery practice Farida Hadjri, Surabaya, Indonesia. A total sample of 96 patients was taken by the consecutive sampling method, consisting of 32 patients each from the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd trimester of pregnancy.y The smear was examined using Gram stain at Balai Besar Laboratorium Kesehatan Daerah Jawa Timur to detect the presence of fungi elements. Data were analyzed using Chi-square test with 95% confidence interval to investigate whether there was an increased risk of vulvovaginal candidiasis and gestational age.\u0000Results: There was an increased risk of vulvovaginal candidiasis and increased gestational age (p < 0.05). This result was related to the hormonal status of pregnant women. An increase in estrogen level during pregnancy leads to an increase in glycogen production by vaginal epithelial cells, which cause the vaginal environment to become more susceptible to fungal growth.\u0000Conclusion: There was increased vulvovaginal candidiasis incidence risk along with gestational age. Pregnancy is one of the predisposing factors for candida infection.","PeriodicalId":52893,"journal":{"name":"Majalah Obstetri dan Ginekologi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81770867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-25DOI: 10.20473/mog.v29i32021.108-117
S. Sutrisno, Muhammad Nooryanto, Shella Widya Gani
HIGHLIGHT1. Pain intensity, smooth muscle cells density, and alpha-SMA expression can be used to analyze the role of smooth muscle in endometriosis.2. Compared to healthy individuals, those with endometriosis have higher pain intensity, smooth muscle cells density, and alpha-SMA expression. 3. Among endometriotic patients, those with peritoneal endometriosis have higher pain intensity, smooth muscle cells density, and alpha-SMA expression than those with ovarial endometriosis.3. The expression of alpha-SMA, smooth muscle density, and pain intensity were found to correlate significantly in endometriosis. ABSTRACTObjectives: to identify the role of smooth muscle through the analysis of smooth muscle cells density, expression of a-SMA, and the pain intensity.Materials and Methods: Study design is a cross sectional analytic observational. Study sample consists of women with ovarial endometrios and women with peritoneal endometriosis that undergo laparoscopy and laparotomy in RSUD Saiful Anwar Malang and RSIA Melati Malang from January until December 2019. There are 16 samples: 8 samples of ovarial endometriosis and 8 samples of peritoneal endometriosis. Smooth muscle cell density was analyzed by comparing the number of smooth muscle cells with the total area of endometriosis tissue in one microscopical field. a-SMA expression obtained by immunohistochemistry. Degree of pain obatined by filling the part 1 point 1-11 of EHP-30 queistionnaire the day after the procedure. Data was analyzed by Independent T-test and Pearson correlation.Results: Pain intensity, smooth muscle cells density, and a-SMA expression is higher in the endometriosis patient compared to healthy individual. Pain intensity, smooth muscle cells density, and a-SMA expression is lower in the ovarial endometriosis compared to peritoneal endometriosis.Conclusion: There are a significant correlation between the expression of a-SMA, smooth muscle density, and pain intensity in endometriosis.
{"title":"Comparison of pain intensity, smooth muscle cells density, and alpha-smooth muscle actin expression in ovarial and peritoneal endometriosis","authors":"S. Sutrisno, Muhammad Nooryanto, Shella Widya Gani","doi":"10.20473/mog.v29i32021.108-117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/mog.v29i32021.108-117","url":null,"abstract":"HIGHLIGHT1. Pain intensity, smooth muscle cells density, and alpha-SMA expression can be used to analyze the role of smooth muscle in endometriosis.2. Compared to healthy individuals, those with endometriosis have higher pain intensity, smooth muscle cells density, and alpha-SMA expression. 3. Among endometriotic patients, those with peritoneal endometriosis have higher pain intensity, smooth muscle cells density, and alpha-SMA expression than those with ovarial endometriosis.3. The expression of alpha-SMA, smooth muscle density, and pain intensity were found to correlate significantly in endometriosis. ABSTRACTObjectives: to identify the role of smooth muscle through the analysis of smooth muscle cells density, expression of a-SMA, and the pain intensity.Materials and Methods: Study design is a cross sectional analytic observational. Study sample consists of women with ovarial endometrios and women with peritoneal endometriosis that undergo laparoscopy and laparotomy in RSUD Saiful Anwar Malang and RSIA Melati Malang from January until December 2019. There are 16 samples: 8 samples of ovarial endometriosis and 8 samples of peritoneal endometriosis. Smooth muscle cell density was analyzed by comparing the number of smooth muscle cells with the total area of endometriosis tissue in one microscopical field. a-SMA expression obtained by immunohistochemistry. Degree of pain obatined by filling the part 1 point 1-11 of EHP-30 queistionnaire the day after the procedure. Data was analyzed by Independent T-test and Pearson correlation.Results: Pain intensity, smooth muscle cells density, and a-SMA expression is higher in the endometriosis patient compared to healthy individual. Pain intensity, smooth muscle cells density, and a-SMA expression is lower in the ovarial endometriosis compared to peritoneal endometriosis.Conclusion: There are a significant correlation between the expression of a-SMA, smooth muscle density, and pain intensity in endometriosis.","PeriodicalId":52893,"journal":{"name":"Majalah Obstetri dan Ginekologi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48357918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-25DOI: 10.20473/mog.v29i32021.136-140
E. Kurniawati, Gatut Hardianto, Hari Paraton, Azami Denas Azinar, T. H. S. Hadi, N. A. Rahmawati
HIGHLIGHT 1. Trend of delivery types during Covid-19 pandemic and the risk of urogynecology cases, particularly sexual dysfunction, pelvic floor dysfunction and stress urinary incontinence, was reviewed.2. Cesarean section was found higher than normal deliveries due to the consideration of possiblee exposure to the virus.3. Sexual dysfunction was found not to have relations to mode of delivery, but those with mode of delivery other than normal likely had dyspareunia at 18 months postpartum.4. The choice of method of delivery needs to be determined wisely by considering medical indications and the risk factors. ABSTRACTWomen's quality of life in the long term is also influenced by their reproductive health. Various diseases appear related to urogynecology cases such as sexual dysfunction, pelvic floor dysfunction and stress urinary incontinence. The study reviews the trend of types of delivery during the pandemic and the risk of urogynecology cases, especially in the three cases. The narrative review study was conducted using the PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar databases. The results showed that the percentage of cesarean section was higher than normal deliveries because of the view on the safety of exposure to the virus. Several studies have found that sexual dysfunction was not related to mode of delivery but women who delivered by emergency caesarean section, vacuum extraction, or caesarean section were more likely to report dyspareunia at 18 months postpartum but adjusted for maternal age and other confounders. Meanwhile, compared with spontaneous vaginal delivery, cesarean delivery with a protective effect or reduction of stress urinary incontinence, overactive bladder, and pelvic organ prolapse. There is a tendency to choose a certain pattern of delivery so that the choice of method needs to be chosen wisely and through medical indications and consider risk factors for long-term reproductive health problems.
{"title":"Trends in delivery mode occurring during the Covid-19 pandemic and risks in long-term urogynecology cases: A narrative review","authors":"E. Kurniawati, Gatut Hardianto, Hari Paraton, Azami Denas Azinar, T. H. S. Hadi, N. A. Rahmawati","doi":"10.20473/mog.v29i32021.136-140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/mog.v29i32021.136-140","url":null,"abstract":"HIGHLIGHT 1. Trend of delivery types during Covid-19 pandemic and the risk of urogynecology cases, particularly sexual dysfunction, pelvic floor dysfunction and stress urinary incontinence, was reviewed.2. Cesarean section was found higher than normal deliveries due to the consideration of possiblee exposure to the virus.3. Sexual dysfunction was found not to have relations to mode of delivery, but those with mode of delivery other than normal likely had dyspareunia at 18 months postpartum.4. The choice of method of delivery needs to be determined wisely by considering medical indications and the risk factors. ABSTRACTWomen's quality of life in the long term is also influenced by their reproductive health. Various diseases appear related to urogynecology cases such as sexual dysfunction, pelvic floor dysfunction and stress urinary incontinence. The study reviews the trend of types of delivery during the pandemic and the risk of urogynecology cases, especially in the three cases. The narrative review study was conducted using the PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar databases. The results showed that the percentage of cesarean section was higher than normal deliveries because of the view on the safety of exposure to the virus. Several studies have found that sexual dysfunction was not related to mode of delivery but women who delivered by emergency caesarean section, vacuum extraction, or caesarean section were more likely to report dyspareunia at 18 months postpartum but adjusted for maternal age and other confounders. Meanwhile, compared with spontaneous vaginal delivery, cesarean delivery with a protective effect or reduction of stress urinary incontinence, overactive bladder, and pelvic organ prolapse. There is a tendency to choose a certain pattern of delivery so that the choice of method needs to be chosen wisely and through medical indications and consider risk factors for long-term reproductive health problems.","PeriodicalId":52893,"journal":{"name":"Majalah Obstetri dan Ginekologi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43794632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-25DOI: 10.20473/mog.v29i32021.118-123
Firda Azizah, Pungky Mulawardhana, Willy Sandhika
HIGHLIGHT1. Relationship between age at menarche, parity, and contraceptive use with histologic type of ovarian cancer was analyzed. 2. A number of patients with ovarian cancer were analytically observed with retrospective cross-sectional approach and the histologic types of the cancer were determined.3. Age of menarche, parity, and hormonal contraceptive use was found not to have significant correlation with histologic type of ovarian cancer. ABSTRACTObjectives: This study analyze the relationship between age at menarche, parity, and contraceptive use with histologic type of ovarian cancer.Materials and Methods: This study used an observational analytic with a retrospective cross-sectional approach. The research samples were 128 patients with ovarian cancer at RSUD Dr. Saiful Anwar Malang in 2017-2019, all patients underwent primary staging laparotomy. The histologic type of ovarian cancer consist of: serous 45, mucinous 45, endometrioid 10, clear cell 20, and others 4. Data analysis using chi square.Results: The p value for the relationship between the age of menarche and histologic type of ovarian cancer was p = 0.500 (p> 0.05), parity p = 0.313, and contraceptive use p = 0.824. The distribution of clear cell was more common in multiparous, 40% of endometrioid found in nulliparous, serous were more common in women with hormonal contraceptive use >5 years, whereas mucinous were more common in history of use <5 years.Conclusion: There was no significant relationship between the age of menarche, parity, and hormonal contraceptive use on histologic type of ovarian cancer.
{"title":"Association of age at menarche, parity, and hormonal contraceptive use with the histologic type of ovarian cancer","authors":"Firda Azizah, Pungky Mulawardhana, Willy Sandhika","doi":"10.20473/mog.v29i32021.118-123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/mog.v29i32021.118-123","url":null,"abstract":"HIGHLIGHT1. Relationship between age at menarche, parity, and contraceptive use with histologic type of ovarian cancer was analyzed. 2. A number of patients with ovarian cancer were analytically observed with retrospective cross-sectional approach and the histologic types of the cancer were determined.3. Age of menarche, parity, and hormonal contraceptive use was found not to have significant correlation with histologic type of ovarian cancer. ABSTRACTObjectives: This study analyze the relationship between age at menarche, parity, and contraceptive use with histologic type of ovarian cancer.Materials and Methods: This study used an observational analytic with a retrospective cross-sectional approach. The research samples were 128 patients with ovarian cancer at RSUD Dr. Saiful Anwar Malang in 2017-2019, all patients underwent primary staging laparotomy. The histologic type of ovarian cancer consist of: serous 45, mucinous 45, endometrioid 10, clear cell 20, and others 4. Data analysis using chi square.Results: The p value for the relationship between the age of menarche and histologic type of ovarian cancer was p = 0.500 (p> 0.05), parity p = 0.313, and contraceptive use p = 0.824. The distribution of clear cell was more common in multiparous, 40% of endometrioid found in nulliparous, serous were more common in women with hormonal contraceptive use >5 years, whereas mucinous were more common in history of use <5 years.Conclusion: There was no significant relationship between the age of menarche, parity, and hormonal contraceptive use on histologic type of ovarian cancer.","PeriodicalId":52893,"journal":{"name":"Majalah Obstetri dan Ginekologi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49277113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-14DOI: 10.20473/mog.v29i22021.53-56
B. Harjanto, Suhatno Suhatno
HIGHLIGHTS1. Determining primary tumor between uterine cervical adenocarcinoma and endometrial carcinoma is often complicated due to the lack of specimen or overlapped histological and morphological spectrum.2. The distinction between endometrial and endocervical adenocarcinoma preoperatively is important because the treatment is different.3. The samples from each group are tested for HPV DNA using PCR method.4. High risk HPV infected patients have a higher probability to become uterine cervical adenocarcinoma.5. HPV DNA test has a role for distinguishing between uterine cervical adenocarcinoma and endometrial carcinoma. ABSTRACTObjectives: To analyze the role of HPV DNA for distinguishing between uterine cervical adenocarcinoma and endometrial adenocarcinoma.Materials and Methods: This was a case control study using paraffin block samples from uterine cervix adenocarcinoma and endometrial adenocarcinoma operation at Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia. Each group was tested for HPV DNA using PCR method. Sample size was 18 in each group.Results: A total of 36 samples fulfilled the inclusion criteria in this study. Each group comprised 18 samples. There were 83.3% of uterine cervical adenocarcinoma and 11.1% of endometrial adenocarcinoma that revealed high risk HPV. Chi-Square test result found significant correlation between high risk HPV and uterine cervical adenocarcinoma (p<0.05) with Odds Ratio (OR) 40.00 (CI 95%).Conclusion: There was a significant correlation between high risk HPV and uterine cervix adenocarcinoma. High-risk HPV infected patients had a risk to suffer from uterine cervical adenocarcinoma compared to those with endometrial adenocarcinoma. HPV DNA test had a role for distinguishing between uterine cervical adenocarcinoma and endometrial adenocarcinoma.
{"title":"The role of human papillomavirus deoxyribonucleic acid for distinguishing between cervical adenocarcinoma and endometrial adenocarcinoma","authors":"B. Harjanto, Suhatno Suhatno","doi":"10.20473/mog.v29i22021.53-56","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/mog.v29i22021.53-56","url":null,"abstract":"HIGHLIGHTS1. Determining primary tumor between uterine cervical adenocarcinoma and endometrial carcinoma is often complicated due to the lack of specimen or overlapped histological and morphological spectrum.2. The distinction between endometrial and endocervical adenocarcinoma preoperatively is important because the treatment is different.3. The samples from each group are tested for HPV DNA using PCR method.4. High risk HPV infected patients have a higher probability to become uterine cervical adenocarcinoma.5. HPV DNA test has a role for distinguishing between uterine cervical adenocarcinoma and endometrial carcinoma. ABSTRACTObjectives: To analyze the role of HPV DNA for distinguishing between uterine cervical adenocarcinoma and endometrial adenocarcinoma.Materials and Methods: This was a case control study using paraffin block samples from uterine cervix adenocarcinoma and endometrial adenocarcinoma operation at Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia. Each group was tested for HPV DNA using PCR method. Sample size was 18 in each group.Results: A total of 36 samples fulfilled the inclusion criteria in this study. Each group comprised 18 samples. There were 83.3% of uterine cervical adenocarcinoma and 11.1% of endometrial adenocarcinoma that revealed high risk HPV. Chi-Square test result found significant correlation between high risk HPV and uterine cervical adenocarcinoma (p<0.05) with Odds Ratio (OR) 40.00 (CI 95%).Conclusion: There was a significant correlation between high risk HPV and uterine cervix adenocarcinoma. High-risk HPV infected patients had a risk to suffer from uterine cervical adenocarcinoma compared to those with endometrial adenocarcinoma. HPV DNA test had a role for distinguishing between uterine cervical adenocarcinoma and endometrial adenocarcinoma. ","PeriodicalId":52893,"journal":{"name":"Majalah Obstetri dan Ginekologi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43195332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-14DOI: 10.20473/mog.v29i22021.76-83
I. G. S. Winata, Clara Amanda
HIGHLIGHTS1. Clinical gynecology examinations must adapt to pandemic situation.2. It must pay attention to universal precautions, aseptic and sterile technique to minimize infection transmission.3. In terms of reducing contact, the need for examination are divided by priority into "now", "soon", or "later".4. Gynecology examinations can be carried out with direct examinations by medical personnel wearing proper personal protective equipment if needed.5. Patient counseling can be done by remote consultation or telemedicine. ABSTRACTCOVID-19 is a recent pandemic caused by the SARS COV-2 agent with a high incidence and mortality. The disease is transmitted through respiratory droplets and direct contact. Clinically this COVID-19 patient is mainly related to the respiratory tract symptoms. The current clinical classifications are divided into suspected, probable, and confirmed cases. To reduce transmission must pay attention to universal and hierarchical precaution, aseptic standards, and sterile techniques. The types of gynecological examinations during a pandemic are the same as those in general, except that the methods, settings, and priorities are different. The examination begins with screening to assess the risk of transmission so that it can determine the place of examination. The urgency of the examination, history of TOCC, local transmission, provider, and room conditions also need to be considered. Counseling during a pandemic can be done in person or by telemedicine. Counseling is provided for general and case-specific gynecological information. Each gynecological case requires a different focus on counseling.
{"title":"Examination and counseling of gynecological cases during Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic","authors":"I. G. S. Winata, Clara Amanda","doi":"10.20473/mog.v29i22021.76-83","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/mog.v29i22021.76-83","url":null,"abstract":"HIGHLIGHTS1. Clinical gynecology examinations must adapt to pandemic situation.2. It must pay attention to universal precautions, aseptic and sterile technique to minimize infection transmission.3. In terms of reducing contact, the need for examination are divided by priority into \"now\", \"soon\", or \"later\".4. Gynecology examinations can be carried out with direct examinations by medical personnel wearing proper personal protective equipment if needed.5. Patient counseling can be done by remote consultation or telemedicine. ABSTRACTCOVID-19 is a recent pandemic caused by the SARS COV-2 agent with a high incidence and mortality. The disease is transmitted through respiratory droplets and direct contact. Clinically this COVID-19 patient is mainly related to the respiratory tract symptoms. The current clinical classifications are divided into suspected, probable, and confirmed cases. To reduce transmission must pay attention to universal and hierarchical precaution, aseptic standards, and sterile techniques. The types of gynecological examinations during a pandemic are the same as those in general, except that the methods, settings, and priorities are different. The examination begins with screening to assess the risk of transmission so that it can determine the place of examination. The urgency of the examination, history of TOCC, local transmission, provider, and room conditions also need to be considered. Counseling during a pandemic can be done in person or by telemedicine. Counseling is provided for general and case-specific gynecological information. Each gynecological case requires a different focus on counseling.","PeriodicalId":52893,"journal":{"name":"Majalah Obstetri dan Ginekologi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43732599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-14DOI: 10.20473/mog.v29i22021.63-67
Diyah Nofita Ofa Ningtriyas, Arsana Wiyasa, Muhammad Nooryanto
HIGHLIGHTS1. Obesity increases the risk of comorbidities especially for the pregnancy.2. The study analyzed glycodelin levels and uterine NK cell expression using Rattus norvegicus as animal model.3. uNK cell expression of the obese rats group was higher as the marker of chronic inflammation for obesity.4. Although there was increasing uNK cells in obese rats group, this result was not followed by the level of gycodelin.ABSTRACTObjectives: To prove the existence of differences in glycodelin levels and uterine NK cell expression in obese and non-obese female white rats of Wistar strain (Rattus norvegicus).Materials and Methods: . This study used a randomized post-test only controlled group design. This in vivo study used two groups of female rats (Rattus norvegicus). Group 1 was treated with the high obese diet for eight weeks, and group 2 was not treated with the high obese diet. After eight weeks, the rats were weighed, the proestrus phase was synchronized, and then the rats were terminated.Results: In this study, there was no significant difference in glycodelin levels between the obese and non-obese groups with a p= 0.821 (p >0.05). Significant differences were found in uterine NK cell expression between obese dan non-obese groups with p=0.001 (p <0.05). The correlation test of glycodelin levels and uterine NK cell expression showed insignificant results with a correlation coefficient of 0.120 and p=0.513. This proved that there was no significant correlation between glycodelin levels and uterine NK cell expression.Conclusion: There was no significant difference between glycodelin levels and uterine NK cell expression in obese and non-obese female white rats of Wistar strain (Rattus norvegicus).
{"title":"The differences of glycodelin and uterus NK cell expression in obese and non-obese rats (Rattus norvegicus)","authors":"Diyah Nofita Ofa Ningtriyas, Arsana Wiyasa, Muhammad Nooryanto","doi":"10.20473/mog.v29i22021.63-67","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/mog.v29i22021.63-67","url":null,"abstract":"HIGHLIGHTS1. Obesity increases the risk of comorbidities especially for the pregnancy.2. The study analyzed glycodelin levels and uterine NK cell expression using Rattus norvegicus as animal model.3. uNK cell expression of the obese rats group was higher as the marker of chronic inflammation for obesity.4. Although there was increasing uNK cells in obese rats group, this result was not followed by the level of gycodelin.ABSTRACTObjectives: To prove the existence of differences in glycodelin levels and uterine NK cell expression in obese and non-obese female white rats of Wistar strain (Rattus norvegicus).Materials and Methods: . This study used a randomized post-test only controlled group design. This in vivo study used two groups of female rats (Rattus norvegicus). Group 1 was treated with the high obese diet for eight weeks, and group 2 was not treated with the high obese diet. After eight weeks, the rats were weighed, the proestrus phase was synchronized, and then the rats were terminated.Results: In this study, there was no significant difference in glycodelin levels between the obese and non-obese groups with a p= 0.821 (p >0.05). Significant differences were found in uterine NK cell expression between obese dan non-obese groups with p=0.001 (p <0.05). The correlation test of glycodelin levels and uterine NK cell expression showed insignificant results with a correlation coefficient of 0.120 and p=0.513. This proved that there was no significant correlation between glycodelin levels and uterine NK cell expression.Conclusion: There was no significant difference between glycodelin levels and uterine NK cell expression in obese and non-obese female white rats of Wistar strain (Rattus norvegicus). ","PeriodicalId":52893,"journal":{"name":"Majalah Obstetri dan Ginekologi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44272032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-14DOI: 10.20473/mog.v29i22021.72-75
Setyo Teguh Waluyo, Hariadi Yuseran, Ferry Armanza, Y. Wibowo
HIGHLIGHTS1. Parasitic leimyoma was found in a 38 year-old woman with complaint of mass in lower abdomen and already done biopsy by laparotomy 4 months before.2. During operation, the tumor was detached from the uterus, located retroperitoneally as high as L4 – S1 vertebrae.3. The tumor had been confirmed intraoperatively and proven histopathologically as parasitic leimyoma.4. Retroperitoneal parasitic leiomyoma is of a rare type and it needs multidisciplinary examination and approaches to increase the quality of its management.ABSTRACTObjectives: To describe a retroperitoneum parasitic leiomyoma case: a dilemma in diagnosis and operation finding.Case Report: A 38 year-old woman with 3 children visited Ulin Hospital, Banjarmasin, Indonesia, with complaint of mass in lower abdomen and about 4 months before, she underwent biopsy by laparotomy which revealed leiomyoma. Parasitic leiomyoma is a rare type of leiomyoma with predilection area in broad ligament, pelvic peritoneum, pouch of douglas, and omentum. During operation, the tumor was detached from the uterus and located retroperitoneally as high as L4–S1. It had been confirmed intraoperatively and proven histopathologically as a leiomyoma.Conclusion: Retroperitoneal parasitic leiomyoma may cause a dilemma in the diagnosis. Multidiscipline examination and approaches may increase the quality of management.
{"title":"Retroperitoneum parasitic leiomyoma: Dilemmatic diagnostic","authors":"Setyo Teguh Waluyo, Hariadi Yuseran, Ferry Armanza, Y. Wibowo","doi":"10.20473/mog.v29i22021.72-75","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/mog.v29i22021.72-75","url":null,"abstract":"HIGHLIGHTS1. Parasitic leimyoma was found in a 38 year-old woman with complaint of mass in lower abdomen and already done biopsy by laparotomy 4 months before.2. During operation, the tumor was detached from the uterus, located retroperitoneally as high as L4 – S1 vertebrae.3. The tumor had been confirmed intraoperatively and proven histopathologically as parasitic leimyoma.4. Retroperitoneal parasitic leiomyoma is of a rare type and it needs multidisciplinary examination and approaches to increase the quality of its management.ABSTRACTObjectives: To describe a retroperitoneum parasitic leiomyoma case: a dilemma in diagnosis and operation finding.Case Report: A 38 year-old woman with 3 children visited Ulin Hospital, Banjarmasin, Indonesia, with complaint of mass in lower abdomen and about 4 months before, she underwent biopsy by laparotomy which revealed leiomyoma. Parasitic leiomyoma is a rare type of leiomyoma with predilection area in broad ligament, pelvic peritoneum, pouch of douglas, and omentum. During operation, the tumor was detached from the uterus and located retroperitoneally as high as L4–S1. It had been confirmed intraoperatively and proven histopathologically as a leiomyoma.Conclusion: Retroperitoneal parasitic leiomyoma may cause a dilemma in the diagnosis. Multidiscipline examination and approaches may increase the quality of management. ","PeriodicalId":52893,"journal":{"name":"Majalah Obstetri dan Ginekologi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42709191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-14DOI: 10.20473/mog.v29i22021.45-52
Ida Bagus Gede Ramayuda, L. Mardiyana, D. Erawati, Indra Yuliati
HIGHLIGHTS1. Ovarian tumors diagnostic value has been determined using the tools on contrast-enhanced abdominal CT Scan2. The tools including primary finding like mass size, septation, solid component, and additional finding such as ascites, peritoneal implants, lymph node enlargement3. Most tumors were ovarian malignant tumors according to their histopathological results 4. Contrast-enhanced abdominal CT Scan of ovarian tumors evaluated by the tools gave better and more reliable diagnostic value than without using the toolsABSTRACTObjectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the diagnostic value of contrast-enhanced abdominal CT scan in ovarian tumors in Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia, to provide scientific and clinical benefits.Materials and Methods: Samples were taken retrospectively by contrast-enhanced abdominal CT scan raw data in Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia, from January 2017 to December 2018. Using inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 88 samples were obtained and reviewed blindly by Female Organ Division of Radiology Department, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga, and by using "tools" (primary and additional findings of modified ovarian tumors malignancy). The data were correlated with histopathological findings and analyzed by statistical tests and the results with and without "tools" were compared.Results: Samples were grouped by age, distributed with a range of 20 years and the group of 41-60 years had the highest age of ovarian tumor samples (46.6%) with 84.1% being ovarian malignant tumors according to their histopathological results. It was dominated by serous, mucinous and endometroid types with sensitivity of 93.3%, specificity of 64.3%, positive predictive value of 93.3% negative predictive value of 69.2%, and accuracy value of 89.8%. More reliable results were obtained by using “tools”.Conclusion: Contrast-enhanced abdominal CT scan of ovarian tumors in Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia, evaluated by “tools” still had a better and more reliable diagnostic value than without tools in determining policy steps in handling ovarian tumors with a note that more in-depth research on pitfalls is needed so it may enrich the characteristic findings in imaging.
HIGHLIGHTS1。使用增强腹部CT扫描工具确定卵巢肿瘤的诊断价值2。这些工具包括肿块大小、分隔、实体成分等主要发现，以及腹水、腹膜植入物、淋巴结肿大等附加发现。从组织病理学结果来看，大多数肿瘤为卵巢恶性肿瘤。摘要:目的:探讨印度尼西亚泗水Soetomo综合学术医院腹部CT增强扫描对卵巢肿瘤的诊断价值，为临床和科学研究提供参考。材料和方法:2017年1月至2018年12月，在印度尼西亚泗水Dr. Soetomo综合学术医院通过对比增强腹部CT扫描原始数据回顾性采集样本。采用纳入和排除标准，共获得88份样本，并通过“工具”(原发性和附加的卵巢肿瘤恶性修饰)，由埃尔朗加大学医学院放射科女性器官科进行盲检。这些数据与组织病理学结果相关联，并通过统计检验进行分析，并比较有无“工具”的结果。结果:样本按年龄分组，以20岁为单位分布，其中41 ~ 60岁年龄组卵巢肿瘤样本年龄最高，占46.6%，其中卵巢恶性肿瘤占84.1%。以浆液型、黏液型和子宫内膜型为主，敏感性为93.3%，特异性为64.3%，阳性预测值为93.3%，阴性预测值为69.2%，准确率为89.8%。使用“工具”可以获得更可靠的结果。结论:印度尼西亚泗水Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya，卵巢肿瘤的腹部CT对比增强扫描，通过“工具”评估，在确定卵巢肿瘤处理的政策步骤方面，仍然比没有工具的诊断价值更好、更可靠，但需要对陷阱进行更深入的研究，以丰富影像学的特征发现。
{"title":"Diagnostic value of abdominal CT scan in ovarian tumors in Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia, from January 2017 to December 2018","authors":"Ida Bagus Gede Ramayuda, L. Mardiyana, D. Erawati, Indra Yuliati","doi":"10.20473/mog.v29i22021.45-52","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/mog.v29i22021.45-52","url":null,"abstract":"HIGHLIGHTS1. Ovarian tumors diagnostic value has been determined using the tools on contrast-enhanced abdominal CT Scan2. The tools including primary finding like mass size, septation, solid component, and additional finding such as ascites, peritoneal implants, lymph node enlargement3. Most tumors were ovarian malignant tumors according to their histopathological results 4. Contrast-enhanced abdominal CT Scan of ovarian tumors evaluated by the tools gave better and more reliable diagnostic value than without using the toolsABSTRACTObjectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the diagnostic value of contrast-enhanced abdominal CT scan in ovarian tumors in Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia, to provide scientific and clinical benefits.Materials and Methods: Samples were taken retrospectively by contrast-enhanced abdominal CT scan raw data in Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia, from January 2017 to December 2018. Using inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 88 samples were obtained and reviewed blindly by Female Organ Division of Radiology Department, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga, and by using \"tools\" (primary and additional findings of modified ovarian tumors malignancy). The data were correlated with histopathological findings and analyzed by statistical tests and the results with and without \"tools\" were compared.Results: Samples were grouped by age, distributed with a range of 20 years and the group of 41-60 years had the highest age of ovarian tumor samples (46.6%) with 84.1% being ovarian malignant tumors according to their histopathological results. It was dominated by serous, mucinous and endometroid types with sensitivity of 93.3%, specificity of 64.3%, positive predictive value of 93.3% negative predictive value of 69.2%, and accuracy value of 89.8%. More reliable results were obtained by using “tools”.Conclusion: Contrast-enhanced abdominal CT scan of ovarian tumors in Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia, evaluated by “tools” still had a better and more reliable diagnostic value than without tools in determining policy steps in handling ovarian tumors with a note that more in-depth research on pitfalls is needed so it may enrich the characteristic findings in imaging.","PeriodicalId":52893,"journal":{"name":"Majalah Obstetri dan Ginekologi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47885427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-14DOI: 10.20473/mog.v29i22021.68-71
Rendy Singgih, R. J. Sinaga, Yanto Hansitongan Sinaga
HIGHLIGHTS1. Uterus couvelaire, also known as uteroplacental apoplexy, is one of the causative post-partum haemorrhage and peripartum hysterectomy.2. The pathophysiology of uterus couvelaire are bleeding in the layer between the decidua-placenta, which then develops and infiltrates into the uterine wall.3. The uterine couvelaire is associated with placental abruption, placenta previa, coagulopathy, pre-eclampsia, uterine rupture, and amniotic fluid embolism.4. This case report shows the unknown of causative during delivery which can lead to maternal morbidity even mortality if there is no proper maternal monitoring during delivery.ABSTRACTObjectives: To discuss the discovery of uterine couvelaire events after the cesarean section without accompanying placental abruption.Case Report: Uterus Couvelaire is a rare occurrence. The incidence of this case is difficult to ascertain and its estimated incidence is as much as 20% and others’ estimatation is as low as 5%. It occurs mainly due to complications from placental abruption. When a vascular injury occurs in the placenta, it causes bleeding that infiltrates the wall of the uterus. This case is usually diagnosed accidentally because it is diagnosed only by direct visualization or biopsy. In this case, uterine couvelaire was found in a woman after a cesarean section that had been performed previously. Uterine couvelaire events are usually seen due to complications from placental abruption, but in this case, there was none.Conclusion: It was not known for sure what caused the emergence of the uterine couvelaire in this case. Hysterectomy was performed in this case due to the patient's unstable hemodynamic state.
{"title":"Uterus couvelaire after caesarean section: A challenging case report","authors":"Rendy Singgih, R. J. Sinaga, Yanto Hansitongan Sinaga","doi":"10.20473/mog.v29i22021.68-71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/mog.v29i22021.68-71","url":null,"abstract":"HIGHLIGHTS1. Uterus couvelaire, also known as uteroplacental apoplexy, is one of the causative post-partum haemorrhage and peripartum hysterectomy.2. The pathophysiology of uterus couvelaire are bleeding in the layer between the decidua-placenta, which then develops and infiltrates into the uterine wall.3. The uterine couvelaire is associated with placental abruption, placenta previa, coagulopathy, pre-eclampsia, uterine rupture, and amniotic fluid embolism.4. This case report shows the unknown of causative during delivery which can lead to maternal morbidity even mortality if there is no proper maternal monitoring during delivery.ABSTRACTObjectives: To discuss the discovery of uterine couvelaire events after the cesarean section without accompanying placental abruption.Case Report: Uterus Couvelaire is a rare occurrence. The incidence of this case is difficult to ascertain and its estimated incidence is as much as 20% and others’ estimatation is as low as 5%. It occurs mainly due to complications from placental abruption. When a vascular injury occurs in the placenta, it causes bleeding that infiltrates the wall of the uterus. This case is usually diagnosed accidentally because it is diagnosed only by direct visualization or biopsy. In this case, uterine couvelaire was found in a woman after a cesarean section that had been performed previously. Uterine couvelaire events are usually seen due to complications from placental abruption, but in this case, there was none.Conclusion: It was not known for sure what caused the emergence of the uterine couvelaire in this case. Hysterectomy was performed in this case due to the patient's unstable hemodynamic state.","PeriodicalId":52893,"journal":{"name":"Majalah Obstetri dan Ginekologi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45240584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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