Pub Date : 2021-05-17DOI: 10.56958/jesi.2021.6.2.4
M. Cojocaru, M. Branzei, T. Coman, L. Drugặ
Our experimental research has confirmed many practical results regarding the possibilities of ferrous waste recovery and has generated new perspectives for their use. It turned out that through an adequate preparation of ferrous waste involving washing - calcination - fragmentation - magnetic and granulometric sorting - rigorous dosing of the reducer - with or without the addition of new components (alloying elements, fluxes, etc.), depending on the purpose pursued, by carrying out closed, opened or virtual metallothermic reactions, pure technical iron, ferroalloys, alloy steels, additives used for non-removable joints by welding (welding aluminothermy) or powdery active components (virtual thermitic mixtures) used in thermochemical treatments can be obtained.
{"title":"Superior recovery of ferrous waste","authors":"M. Cojocaru, M. Branzei, T. Coman, L. Drugặ","doi":"10.56958/jesi.2021.6.2.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56958/jesi.2021.6.2.4","url":null,"abstract":"Our experimental research has confirmed many practical results regarding the possibilities of ferrous waste recovery and has generated new perspectives for their use. It turned out that through an adequate preparation of ferrous waste involving washing - calcination - fragmentation - magnetic and granulometric sorting - rigorous dosing of the reducer - with or without the addition of new components (alloying elements, fluxes, etc.), depending on the purpose pursued, by carrying out closed, opened or virtual metallothermic reactions, pure technical iron, ferroalloys, alloy steels, additives used for non-removable joints by welding (welding aluminothermy) or powdery active components (virtual thermitic mixtures) used in thermochemical treatments can be obtained.","PeriodicalId":52936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Sciences and Innovation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45774542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-17DOI: 10.56958/jesi.2021.6.2.2
R.I. TUDORACHE NISTOR, C. Samoila, D. Ursuțiu
In this work is presented an experimental programme for the evaluation of the endurance behaviour of steels which are thermally treated in different ways and the identification of micro-cracks which appear in the material. The fatigue limit was defined as he maximum amplitude of alternating symmetrical stress which steel can endure. In addition to the tests described above. The experimental programme analyses also the change f microstructure under the influence of thermal treatment in view of increasing the working life of materials under stress. The knowledge of the relationships between the structural changes, the internal tensions, the mechanical and physical properties of the material also involve the knowledge of the occurrence of the first nano-cracks.
{"title":"Determination of fatigue resistance for steels treated inthermal different ways","authors":"R.I. TUDORACHE NISTOR, C. Samoila, D. Ursuțiu","doi":"10.56958/jesi.2021.6.2.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56958/jesi.2021.6.2.2","url":null,"abstract":"In this work is presented an experimental programme for the evaluation of the endurance behaviour of steels which are thermally treated in different ways and the identification of micro-cracks which appear in the material. The fatigue limit was defined as he maximum amplitude of alternating symmetrical stress which steel can endure. In addition to the tests described above. The experimental programme analyses also the change f microstructure under the influence of thermal treatment in view of increasing the working life of materials under stress. The knowledge of the relationships between the structural changes, the internal tensions, the mechanical and physical properties of the material also involve the knowledge of the occurrence of the first nano-cracks.","PeriodicalId":52936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Sciences and Innovation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43729392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-17DOI: 10.56958/jesi.2021.6.2.6
Diana-Carmen Mirila, D. Nistor
Catalytic ozonation of the azo dye Acid Yellow 23 was investigated in the presence of Montmorillonite K10 and its chemically modified counterpart with Cobalt and Nickel (Co-Ni-K10). The material thus obtained were characterized by BET, XRD and TGA analysis. The effects of different variables were studied, such as: catalyst dose, ozone dose, ozonation time and pH. Clay-catalysed reactions are strongly dependent on the adsorption of the reactant, which in turn should depend on acid-base, electrostatic and hydrophilic-organophilic interactions. The basicity of the clay catalyst surface is expected to favour the interactions with the acidic groups of the studied organic molecule. The interactions involved in adsorption are determined by the pKa values of each group in each organic molecule.
{"title":"Oxidative study of Acid Yellow 23 using K10-Montmorillonite chemically modified","authors":"Diana-Carmen Mirila, D. Nistor","doi":"10.56958/jesi.2021.6.2.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56958/jesi.2021.6.2.6","url":null,"abstract":"Catalytic ozonation of the azo dye Acid Yellow 23 was investigated in the presence of Montmorillonite K10 and its chemically modified counterpart with Cobalt and Nickel (Co-Ni-K10). The material thus obtained were characterized by BET, XRD and TGA analysis. The effects of different variables were studied, such as: catalyst dose, ozone dose, ozonation time and pH. Clay-catalysed reactions are strongly dependent on the adsorption of the reactant, which in turn should depend on acid-base, electrostatic and hydrophilic-organophilic interactions. The basicity of the clay catalyst surface is expected to favour the interactions with the acidic groups of the studied organic molecule. The interactions involved in adsorption are determined by the pKa values of each group in each organic molecule.","PeriodicalId":52936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Sciences and Innovation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49082558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-17DOI: 10.56958/jesi.2021.6.2.7
G. Alecu, Wilhelm Kappel
"In the life cycle of the product, the link between the initial phase and the final stage in its realization is the recycling through the rehabilitation of materials in the production process. This gives circularity to the economy, thus minimizing consumption of natural resources, optimizing manufacturing costs, creating new jobs, developing business. The paper describes in a conclusive example the defining elements of the circular economy. We present this example for the simplicity of our demonstration. This mode allows a direct and edifying treatment of the defining elements of the circular economy. We have chosen as a product the permanent magnets based on rare earths of the NdFeB type. The choice is targeted because NdFeB permanent magnets are expensive products, so the benefits being obvious. We demonstrate the manufacturing of NdFeB permanent magnets with defined magnetic properties from raw materials, their use in products (for ex. in synchronous electric motors) and at the end of the life cycle of motors, the recovery of permanent magnets with the possibility of obtaining the powders used initially in the technological process to manufacture new NdFeB permanent magnets with similar magnetic properties and the possibility of their use in electrotechnical products. Even if, following a piece to piece sorting of the permanent magnets after magnetic parameters of the resulting products would remain scrap, they could be recycled in the same way so that the amount of waste would ultimately be minimal. Finally, we present a recycling technology of NdFeB permanent magnets based on one of our patents filed in 1998. "
{"title":"\"Elements of circular economy in the manufacture of NdFeB permanent magnets IN ICPE-CA \"","authors":"G. Alecu, Wilhelm Kappel","doi":"10.56958/jesi.2021.6.2.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56958/jesi.2021.6.2.7","url":null,"abstract":"\"In the life cycle of the product, the link between the initial phase and the final stage in its realization is the recycling through the rehabilitation of materials in the production process. This gives circularity to the economy, thus minimizing consumption of natural resources, optimizing manufacturing costs, creating new jobs, developing business. The paper describes in a conclusive example the defining elements of the circular economy. We present this example for the simplicity of our demonstration. This mode allows a direct and edifying treatment of the defining elements of the circular economy. We have chosen as a product the permanent magnets based on rare earths of the NdFeB type. The choice is targeted because NdFeB permanent magnets are expensive products, so the benefits being obvious. We demonstrate the manufacturing of NdFeB permanent magnets with defined magnetic properties from raw materials, their use in products (for ex. in synchronous electric motors) and at the end of the life cycle of motors, the recovery of permanent magnets with the possibility of obtaining the powders used initially in the technological process to manufacture new NdFeB permanent magnets with similar magnetic properties and the possibility of their use in electrotechnical products. Even if, following a piece to piece sorting of the permanent magnets after magnetic parameters of the resulting products would remain scrap, they could be recycled in the same way so that the amount of waste would ultimately be minimal. Finally, we present a recycling technology of NdFeB permanent magnets based on one of our patents filed in 1998. \"","PeriodicalId":52936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Sciences and Innovation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49555248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-17DOI: 10.56958/jesi.2021.6.2.10
Chis Timur, R. Rădulescu
"Crude oil extracted in Romania has different pompability characteristics, depending on their formation period (they can be asphalt or paraffin). One method of improving pompability is that in which various additives are used to reduce the freezing point and/or viscosity. These mixture additives may be polymers or other chemical agents. The role of the additives is to reduce the precipitation of the paraffin crystals in the solution by keeping the paraffin molecules as separate entities. This reduces the cohesive forces between the crystals and the adhesion forces between the paraffin crystals and other surfaces. The vast majority of modifiers proposed as oil depressants are macromolecular compounds. The purpose of this article is to analyze the effect of additives on the property of crude oil. "
{"title":"The effect of additives on the properties of crude oil","authors":"Chis Timur, R. Rădulescu","doi":"10.56958/jesi.2021.6.2.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56958/jesi.2021.6.2.10","url":null,"abstract":"\"Crude oil extracted in Romania has different pompability characteristics, depending on their formation period (they can be asphalt or paraffin). One method of improving pompability is that in which various additives are used to reduce the freezing point and/or viscosity. These mixture additives may be polymers or other chemical agents. The role of the additives is to reduce the precipitation of the paraffin crystals in the solution by keeping the paraffin molecules as separate entities. This reduces the cohesive forces between the crystals and the adhesion forces between the paraffin crystals and other surfaces. The vast majority of modifiers proposed as oil depressants are macromolecular compounds. The purpose of this article is to analyze the effect of additives on the property of crude oil. \"","PeriodicalId":52936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Sciences and Innovation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43263460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-17DOI: 10.56958/jesi.2021.6.2.9
V. Arad, N. Ilias, S. Arad, Marian Ticu, Liviu Popa, D. Dragan
The extractive activity and processing of useful mineral substances results in a significant amount of mining waste, in the form of mineral waste. According to European statistical institutions, mining and quarrying in Europe generates over 50% of total industrial waste. Most of this waste is stored in dumps and ponds. The processing of solid mineral tailings and the production of economically usable by-products is of major importance, both from an economic point of view and from the point of view of environmental management, having a major impact on the protection of the environment. The paper presents the results of research conducted for two areas, namely Deva and Abrud. The geotechnical conditions and the geomechanical characteristics of the tailings as well as of the concretes made from the sterile rocks from the two mining companies were detailed. Based on research, it was found that the mechanical strength of concrete cubes made of sterile material are superior to those made of quarry aggregates.
{"title":"Geotechnical research regarding the use of solid mineral tailings from the mining industry in construction, in the context of circular economy","authors":"V. Arad, N. Ilias, S. Arad, Marian Ticu, Liviu Popa, D. Dragan","doi":"10.56958/jesi.2021.6.2.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56958/jesi.2021.6.2.9","url":null,"abstract":"The extractive activity and processing of useful mineral substances results in a significant amount of mining waste, in the form of mineral waste. According to European statistical institutions, mining and quarrying in Europe generates over 50% of total industrial waste. Most of this waste is stored in dumps and ponds. The processing of solid mineral tailings and the production of economically usable by-products is of major importance, both from an economic point of view and from the point of view of environmental management, having a major impact on the protection of the environment. The paper presents the results of research conducted for two areas, namely Deva and Abrud. The geotechnical conditions and the geomechanical characteristics of the tailings as well as of the concretes made from the sterile rocks from the two mining companies were detailed. Based on research, it was found that the mechanical strength of concrete cubes made of sterile material are superior to those made of quarry aggregates.","PeriodicalId":52936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Sciences and Innovation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49664106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-17DOI: 10.56958/jesi.2021.6.2.3
Hassan NOURI, M. Shahrouzi
Today, development of industries has caused production of different scraps. Scraps are recyclable materials left in the environment. Unlike garbage, scraps, particularly those of copper and steel, are of great financial value. The application of steel scraps mixed with soil is one of the solutions to prevent environmental risks of steel. Considering the properties of steel, its scraps made into fibers could be used to reinforce soils and improve their mechanical properties. This study scrutinizes the effects of two types of steel fibers (plain hooked-end and crimped) added to clay with different weight percentages and aspect ratios (L/D) under uniaxial compressive strength test. The results indicated that the compressive strength of steel fiber reinforced soil is to a large extent increased. However, contrary negative effects in the compressive strength are possible once the weight percentage of steel fibers in soil exceeds a certain limit.
{"title":"Experimental evaluation of compressive strength of steel fiber reinforced soi","authors":"Hassan NOURI, M. Shahrouzi","doi":"10.56958/jesi.2021.6.2.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56958/jesi.2021.6.2.3","url":null,"abstract":"Today, development of industries has caused production of different scraps. Scraps are recyclable materials left in the environment. Unlike garbage, scraps, particularly those of copper and steel, are of great financial value. The application of steel scraps mixed with soil is one of the solutions to prevent environmental risks of steel. Considering the properties of steel, its scraps made into fibers could be used to reinforce soils and improve their mechanical properties. This study scrutinizes the effects of two types of steel fibers (plain hooked-end and crimped) added to clay with different weight percentages and aspect ratios (L/D) under uniaxial compressive strength test. The results indicated that the compressive strength of steel fiber reinforced soil is to a large extent increased. However, contrary negative effects in the compressive strength are possible once the weight percentage of steel fibers in soil exceeds a certain limit.","PeriodicalId":52936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Sciences and Innovation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48241982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-17DOI: 10.56958/jesi.2022.7.3.315
I. Ilca, D. Miloștean, Ştefan Balazsi
"By analyzing the situation in the industrial practice, was established that the structure obtained at the rolling mill rolls manufactured in the country according to classical technology does not ensure the necessary hardness and durability in operation. The research carried out in operating conditions ensured the obtaining of structures that would give the rolls hardness as high as possible without diminishing the imposed toughness characteristics (resilience, elongation). From the variants experienced in operation, those with high technological and scientific value were selected, resulting that with the increase of resistance characteristics, the resilience did not decrease, and the exploitation durability doubled compared to the rollers processed by classical technology."
{"title":"Increasing of rolling mill rolls durability in operation – part II","authors":"I. Ilca, D. Miloștean, Ştefan Balazsi","doi":"10.56958/jesi.2022.7.3.315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56958/jesi.2022.7.3.315","url":null,"abstract":"\"By analyzing the situation in the industrial practice, was established that the structure obtained at the rolling mill rolls manufactured in the country according to classical technology does not ensure the necessary hardness and durability in operation. The research carried out in operating conditions ensured the obtaining of structures that would give the rolls hardness as high as possible without diminishing the imposed toughness characteristics (resilience, elongation). From the variants experienced in operation, those with high technological and scientific value were selected, resulting that with the increase of resistance characteristics, the resilience did not decrease, and the exploitation durability doubled compared to the rollers processed by classical technology.\"","PeriodicalId":52936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Sciences and Innovation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41990263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-17DOI: 10.56958/jesi.2021.6.2.1
M. Radeṣ
"A circular disc is used to demonstrate the application of the pivoted QLP decomposition to the analysis of the frequency response data for a structure possessing double modes. Frequency Response Functions (FRFs) are generated for excitation and response points on the disc rim. Plots of L-values and Q-response functions obtained by the QLP decomposition with column pivoting are used to determine the system order, damped natural frequencies and modal damping ratios, as well as mode shapes. The performance of the LMIF, QMIF and QCoMIF mode indicator functions is assessed in the presence of degenerate modes. Enhanced FRFs based on QRFs are used with single degree of freedom parameter identification techniques. "
{"title":"Modal analysis of a circular disc using the QLPdecomposition of FRF matrices","authors":"M. Radeṣ","doi":"10.56958/jesi.2021.6.2.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56958/jesi.2021.6.2.1","url":null,"abstract":"\"A circular disc is used to demonstrate the application of the pivoted QLP decomposition to the analysis of the frequency response data for a structure possessing double modes. Frequency Response Functions (FRFs) are generated for excitation and response points on the disc rim. Plots of L-values and Q-response functions obtained by the QLP decomposition with column pivoting are used to determine the system order, damped natural frequencies and modal damping ratios, as well as mode shapes. The performance of the LMIF, QMIF and QCoMIF mode indicator functions is assessed in the presence of degenerate modes. Enhanced FRFs based on QRFs are used with single degree of freedom parameter identification techniques. \"","PeriodicalId":52936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Sciences and Innovation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42220952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-15DOI: 10.56958/jesi.2021.6.1.8
C. Berbente, S. Berbente, Marius Brebenel
A new definition of the measure units in Physics by using the concept of cardinal number and by considering universal physical constants is proposed. Another idea is to start from the moment of the creation of the Universe (BIG BANG or better said BIG FLASH). n this way, along with the speed of light in vacuum CV, the Planck constant h and the total energy of the Universe, EU are introduced. As regards the measure unit for temperature, the Boltzmann constant kB is considered. For the electrical charge, the electron charge is taken as a constant. In this way the sustenability of evaluation of technical parameters is increased. For example, the lowest sustenability is for unitts like (feet;pounds) instead of (meters; kgs).
{"title":"A possible new definition of the fundamental measure units","authors":"C. Berbente, S. Berbente, Marius Brebenel","doi":"10.56958/jesi.2021.6.1.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56958/jesi.2021.6.1.8","url":null,"abstract":"A new definition of the measure units in Physics by using the concept of cardinal number and by considering universal physical constants is proposed. Another idea is to start from the moment of the creation of the Universe (BIG BANG or better said BIG FLASH). n this way, along with the speed of light in vacuum CV, the Planck constant h and the total energy of the Universe, EU are introduced. As regards the measure unit for temperature, the Boltzmann constant kB is considered. For the electrical charge, the electron charge is taken as a constant. In this way the sustenability of evaluation of technical parameters is increased. For example, the lowest sustenability is for unitts like (feet;pounds) instead of (meters; kgs).","PeriodicalId":52936,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Sciences and Innovation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43063729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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