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Folk Horror and Witchcraft: Exploring the Rhetoric of Tribal Evil Tradition and Marginalization of Women in Baso-jhi by Sowvendra Sekhar Hansda and Reincarnation of Parasuram by Anil Ghorai 民间恐怖与巫术:Sowvendra Sekhar Hansda 著的《探索巴索吉部落邪恶传统和妇女边缘化的修辞》和 Anil Ghorai 著的《帕拉苏拉姆的转世》。
IF 0.7 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-02-11 DOI: 10.1177/2455328x231224839
Santanu Bera
Sowvendra Sekhar Hansda, a writer from Jharkhand and an ethnic member of the Santhal community, and Anil Ghorai, a Bengali writer have come forward with their powerful literary oeuvre to bring to the surface the helpless agonies of marginalized subalterns and Adivasi women and allow them a voice against the oppression and violence. Both the writers possess extraordinary knowledge and firsthand experience of tribal culture, tradition and practices. They were very much conscious about the bleak ground reality of oppression and abashment practiced either by the money-minded bourgeois class in the name of progress or by the rest of the society under casteism. And when this subjugation comes to the women, different layers began to be added. The most exploited and primitive weapon in this regard comes in the version of witchcraft, black magic and sorcery within their segregated society and which is already fighting against so much odds. The present article attempts a critical appraisal of ‘Baso-jhi’ by Sowvendra Sekhar Hansda and ‘Reincarnation of Parasuram’ by Anil Ghorai to bring to the surface the layered patriarchal marginalization of women within their community and the menace that this barbaric practice of witch hunt exercises upon womenfolk and finally the horror that embodies the entire folk existence.
来自恰尔肯德邦的桑塔尔族作家索文德拉-塞卡尔-汉斯达(Sowvendra Sekhar Hansda)和孟加拉族作家阿尼尔-戈莱(Anil Ghorai)以其强有力的文学作品,将边缘化的亚部落和阿迪瓦西族妇女无助的痛苦展现在世人面前,让她们发出反抗压迫和暴力的声音。两位作家都对部落文化、传统和习俗有着非凡的了解和亲身体验。他们非常清楚地意识到,无论是以进步为名的金钱至上的资产阶级,还是种姓制度下的其他社会阶层,都在压迫和践踏着凄惨的现实。而当这种压迫涉及到妇女时,又开始增加了不同的层次。在这方面,巫术、黑魔法和巫术是最受剥削和最原始的武器。本文试图对索文德拉-塞卡尔-汉斯达(Sowvendra Sekhar Hansda)的《Baso-jhi》和阿尼尔-戈莱(Anil Ghorai)的《Parasuram 的转世》进行批判性评价,以揭示妇女在其社区中被父权制边缘化的层层原因,以及这种野蛮的猎巫行为对妇女造成的威胁,最终体现了整个民间生存的恐怖。
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引用次数: 0
Identifying Barriers to SDG Awareness Among Scheduled Caste Youth in Tamil Nadu 确定泰米尔纳德邦在册种姓青年对可持续发展目标认识的障碍
IF 0.7 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-02-05 DOI: 10.1177/2455328x231225857
S. Lalitha, N. Karpagam, S. Sona, Avilash Roul
Despite the sustainable development goals’ (SDGs) emphasis on inclusion, marginalized youths are denied full participation due to discriminatory practices. Despite a few studies examining the SDGs and their social targets, none has examined young people’s awareness of the SDGs in Scheduled Castes (SCs). In our study, we analysed the narratives of 40 SC youth in seven districts of Tamil Nadu, who have historically been marginalized. In this study, we examined how SC youth experience social exclusion and what factors contribute to their lack of awareness of schemes and programmes. We suggested ways to promote the involvement of SC youth in achieving Tamil Nadu’s SDGs.
尽管可持续发展目标(SDGs)强调包容,但由于歧视性做法,边缘化青年无法充分参与。尽管有一些研究探讨了可持续发展目标及其社会目标,但没有一项研究探讨了在册种姓(SCs)青年对可持续发展目标的认识。在我们的研究中,我们分析了泰米尔纳德邦七个地区 40 名在册种姓青年的叙述,他们历来被边缘化。在这项研究中,我们探讨了在册种姓青年如何经历社会排斥,以及哪些因素导致他们对计划和方案缺乏了解。我们提出了促进在册种姓青年参与实现泰米尔纳德邦可持续发展目标的方法。
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引用次数: 0
Identifying Barriers to SDG Awareness Among Scheduled Caste Youth in Tamil Nadu 确定泰米尔纳德邦在册种姓青年对可持续发展目标认识的障碍
IF 0.7 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-02-05 DOI: 10.1177/2455328x231225857
S. Lalitha, N. Karpagam, S. Sona, Avilash Roul
Despite the sustainable development goals’ (SDGs) emphasis on inclusion, marginalized youths are denied full participation due to discriminatory practices. Despite a few studies examining the SDGs and their social targets, none has examined young people’s awareness of the SDGs in Scheduled Castes (SCs). In our study, we analysed the narratives of 40 SC youth in seven districts of Tamil Nadu, who have historically been marginalized. In this study, we examined how SC youth experience social exclusion and what factors contribute to their lack of awareness of schemes and programmes. We suggested ways to promote the involvement of SC youth in achieving Tamil Nadu’s SDGs.
尽管可持续发展目标(SDGs)强调包容,但由于歧视性做法,边缘化青年无法充分参与。尽管有一些研究探讨了可持续发展目标及其社会目标,但没有一项研究探讨了在册种姓(SCs)青年对可持续发展目标的认识。在我们的研究中,我们分析了泰米尔纳德邦七个地区 40 名在册种姓青年的叙述,他们历来被边缘化。在这项研究中,我们探讨了在册种姓青年如何经历社会排斥,以及哪些因素导致他们对计划和方案缺乏了解。我们提出了促进在册种姓青年参与实现泰米尔纳德邦可持续发展目标的方法。
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引用次数: 0
Book review: Bhangya Bhulya, Subjugated Nomads: The Lambadas Under the Rule of the Nizams 书评:Bhangya Bhulya,《被征服的游牧民族》:尼扎姆统治下的兰巴达人
IF 0.7 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-31 DOI: 10.1177/2455328x231223051
Sabyasachi Chatterjee
Bhangya Bhulya, Subjugated Nomads: The Lambadas Under the Rule of the Nizams. Orient BlackSwan, First Paperback Edition 2022, xxiii + 296 pp., ₹695. ISBN: 9789354420726.
Bhangya Bhulya,《被征服的游牧民族》:尼扎姆统治下的兰巴达人》。东方黑天鹅,2022 年平装初版,xxiii + 296 页,₹695。ISBN:9789354420726。
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引用次数: 0
Book review: Narayana Sukumar and Paul D’Souza (eds.), The Journey of Caste in India: Voices from Margins 书评:Narayana Sukumar 和 Paul D'Souza(编),《印度种姓之旅》:来自边缘的声音
IF 0.7 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-31 DOI: 10.1177/2455328x231221868
Ankur Kumar
Narayana Sukumar and Paul D’Souza (eds.), The Journey of Caste in India: Voices from Margins. New York and London: Routledge Taylor & Francis, 2023, 222 pp., ₹11439 (Hardcover). ISBN: 978-1-032-31977-3, ISBN: 978-1-003-31717-3.
Narayana Sukumar 和 Paul D'Souza(编),《印度种姓之旅》:来自边缘的声音》。纽约和伦敦:Routledge Taylor & Francis, 2023, 222 pp.ISBN:978-1-032-31977-3,ISBN:978-1-003-31717-3。
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引用次数: 0
Caste Wise Earning Discrimination among Rural Non-farm Sector Workers in India 印度农村非农业部门工人中的种姓收入歧视
IF 0.7 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-11 DOI: 10.1177/2455328x231221871
Shiba Shankar Pattayat
This study investigates wage discrimination among non-farm workers, including both regular and casual workers, in rural India between the forward caste (FC) and backward caste (BC). Using data from NSSO unit-level employment and unemployment surveys from 2004–2005 and 2011–2012, as well as periodic labour force surveys from 2017–2018 to 2019–2020, the study found that the wage differential between FC and BC non-farm employees increased over time, with BC workers being paid less than FC workers. To determine the factors contributing to the wage difference, a linear regression model was used, and the decomposition method was employed to examine whether the difference was due to endowment or discrimination effects. Overall, the study highlights the persistence of caste-based wage discrimination in rural non-farm employment in India. For the betterment of BC workers and to reduce discrimination, the policies and programmes which are implemented by the government need to be revived.
本研究调查了印度农村地区前向种姓(FC)和后向种姓(BC)之间非农工人(包括正式工和临时工)的工资歧视。利用 2004-2005 年和 2011-2012 年国家社会保险局(NSSO)单位层面的就业和失业调查数据,以及 2017-2018 年至 2019-2020 年的定期劳动力调查数据,研究发现,随着时间的推移,前向种姓和后向种姓非农雇员之间的工资差异不断扩大,后向种姓工人的工资低于前向种姓工人。为确定造成工资差异的因素,研究人员使用了线性回归模型,并采用分解法研究差异是由禀赋效应还是歧视效应造成的。总之,研究强调了印度农村非农就业中持续存在的基于种姓的工资歧视。为了改善不列颠哥伦比亚工人的处境并减少歧视,政府需要恢复实施相关政策和计划。
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引用次数: 0
Caste Prejudice, Colonial Education in Kumaon: Dynamics of Depressed Class Education, 1881–1947 库蒙的种姓偏见和殖民教育:1881-1947 年贫困阶层教育的动态
IF 0.7 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-08 DOI: 10.1177/2455328x231209802
Isha Tamta
From the last quarter of the eighteenth century, the East India Company slowly acquired the area which is now called Uttar Pradesh. Territories were acquired from different powers by the company were initially kept under Bengal Province. However, in 1833 these, areas were separated and a new province called North-Western Provinces was created. Again, after the annexation of Oudh, this province came to be called in 1877 as North-Western Provinces. The United Provinces of Agra and Oudh was changed to United Provinces in 1902 which later became present Uttar Pradesh. Colonial rule wanted to control the knowledge systems of the colonized. The epistemology and knowledge systems produced by the colonial state sought to create the feeling of interiority among the colonized people. Education is one such area through which the colonial state wanted to justify their rule. The British argued that Indians were inferior and justified their monopoly of all higher posts. They, further, pointed out that untouchability, rigid caste system are some of the reasons for inferiority. In this article, I would like to discuss the colonial state policy towards education of lower castes and depressed classes in Kumaon division of United Provinces of British India. I argue that although the British professed that it wanted to educate all people, yet in practice the colonial state gave in to the caste prejudices of the society and also because of its own ambivalent policy towards depressed classes. Doms constitute majority of Dalit community in Kumaon division of United Provinces from whom Shilpakar community emerged gradually.
从十八世纪最后一个季度开始,东印度公司慢慢获得了现在被称为北方邦的地区。东印度公司从不同势力处获得的领土最初都归属于孟加拉省。但在 1833 年,这些地区被分离出来,成立了一个名为西北省的新省。1877 年,在吞并乌德后,该省又被称为西北省。1902 年,阿格拉和乌德联合省更名为联合省,后来成为现在的北方邦。殖民统治希望控制殖民地的知识体系。殖民地国家建立的认识论和知识体系试图在殖民地人民中制造内在感。教育就是殖民国家为其统治辩护的一个领域。英国人认为印度人低人一等,并为他们垄断所有高级职位辩护。他们还进一步指出,贱民制度、僵化的种姓制度是印度人劣等的部分原因。在这篇文章中,我想讨论英属印度联合省库缅地区的殖民国家对低种姓和贫困阶层的教育政策。我认为,虽然英国人声称要教育所有的人,但实际上殖民地国家屈服于社会的种姓偏见,同时也因为其自身对贫困阶层采取了矛盾的政策。多姆人是联合省库缅地区达利特人社区的主体,希尔帕卡人社区就是在多姆人的基础上逐渐形成的。
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引用次数: 0
Conceptualizing the Paradigm Shift from Prosocial Communism to Violent Communism and Pogroms of Dalits to Adivasi Guerrillas in India: A Systematic Literature Review 印度从亲社会共产主义到暴力共产主义以及从达利特人大屠杀到阿迪瓦西游击队的范式转变的概念化:系统文献综述
IF 0.7 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-08 DOI: 10.1177/2455328x231217576
Roopak Kumar, Shashikanta Tarai
In India, the violent communist movement encompasses 70 districts of 10 states with substantial support from the marginalized people with arms in their hands. Why does the transformation process from a communist political party to violent communism take place in India? How does communism in its violent form still survive in India? These questions are addressed by reviewing the literature on the left-wing extremist movement in India from 2005 to 2022. It is found that the violent version of communism has largely succeeded in the domain of suppressing caste-based exploitations of the landless lower castes and gaining support from the indigenous tribes on land and forest-related issues. Therefore, the destination of communism in India is an important eventuality to study its survival strategies, diverse forms and processes.
在印度,暴力共产主义运动覆盖了 10 个邦的 70 个地区,得到了手持武器的边缘化人群的大力支持。为什么印度会发生从共产党到暴力共产主义的转变过程?暴力形式的共产主义如何在印度继续生存?通过回顾 2005 年至 2022 年有关印度左翼极端主义运动的文献,我们对这些问题进行了探讨。研究发现,暴力版的共产主义在很大程度上成功地压制了对无地低等种姓的种姓剥削,并在土地和森林相关问题上获得了土著部落的支持。因此,共产主义在印度的去向是研究其生存策略、不同形式和过程的一个重要事件。
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引用次数: 0
Caste and Gender Politics: An Understanding of Dalit Consciousness in the Poems of Contemporary Dalit Writers 种姓与性别政治:从当代达利特作家的诗歌中理解达利特意识
IF 0.7 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-08 DOI: 10.1177/2455328x231209628
Gunja Patni, Sheehan S. Khan
Dalit women face endemic gender and caste discrimination and violence as a result of extreme unequal social, economic, and political power equations because of their vulnerability at the bottom of India’s caste, class, and gender hierarchies. Their socio-economic weakness and lack of political power, combined with the main risk factors of being Dalit and female, heighten their exposure to potentially violent Circumstances, hindering their rights to live with dignity and reach their full potential. The poems of three contemporary Dalit feminist writers, namely, Meena Kandasamy (1984–), Aruna Gogulamanda (1970–) and Sukirtharani (1973–) appear to be an encyclopaedia of painful catalogues, some heard and some experienced. Their witty arguments and unbashful and uncompromising writing style not only unleash the power/caste/sexual politics at hand but also suggest ways of emancipation for women and an era of liberation for them. The article aims to uncover the intersectionality of caste and gender—through a reading of select poets’ works—exposing the exploitation, oppression, violence and marginalization that reflects on the Dalit female body inhibiting from and affecting the physical, psychological, economic and social dimensions. It will do so by employing various post-modern critical scholarships on caste/gender politics, politics of the body, identity, self, subjectivity, agency, and its attendant issues. Thus, by using the female body as an ingress the article through critical analysis of the select poems will showcase a paradigm shift in understanding the self via body hence suggesting ways for Dalit women’s agency/emancipation. By highlighting the experiences of marginalized female voices, this research contributes to a deeper understanding of gender dynamics, caste politics within Indian society, ultimately prompting discussions on the need for caste and gender equity and inclusivity in contemporary India.
达利特妇女由于处于印度种姓、阶级和性别等级制度的最底层,在社会、经济和政治权力方面处于极端不平等的地位,因而面临着普遍的性别和种姓歧视及暴力。她们的社会经济地位低下,缺乏政治权力,再加上身为贱民和女性的主要风险因素,使她们更容易受到潜在暴力环境的影响,从而阻碍了她们有尊严地生活和充分发挥自身潜力的权利。三位当代达利特女权作家米娜-坎达萨米(Meena Kandasamy,1984-)、阿鲁娜-戈古拉曼达(Aruna Gogulamanda,1970-)和苏凯拉妮(Sukirtharani,1973-)的诗歌似乎是一部痛苦目录的百科全书,有些是耳闻的,有些是亲身经历的。她们诙谐幽默的论点和毫不掩饰、毫不妥协的写作风格,不仅揭示了当前的权力/种姓/性政治,还提出了妇女解放的途径和妇女解放的时代。本文旨在通过对部分诗人作品的阅读,揭示种姓与性别的交叉性,揭示达利特女性身体所遭受的剥削、压迫、暴力和边缘化,从生理、心理、经济和社会层面对其产生抑制和影响。为此,本研究将采用各种后现代批判性学术研究方法,探讨种姓/性别政治、身体政治、身份、自我、主观性、能动性及其相关问题。因此,通过对所选诗歌的批判性分析,文章将以女性身体为切入点,展示通过身体理解自我的范式转变,从而为达利特妇女的代理权/解放提出建议。通过突出边缘化女性的经历,本研究有助于加深对印度社会中性别动态和种姓政治的理解,最终促使人们讨论当代印度种姓和性别平等及包容性的必要性。
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引用次数: 0
Intersection of claim for Scheduled Tribe Status and Identity Politics among the Kurmi Mahto of Chotanagpur Region in India 印度乔塔纳格布尔地区库尔米马赫托人对在册部落地位的要求与身份政治的交集
IF 0.7 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-12-22 DOI: 10.1177/2455328x231207500
Sachchidanand Prasad, Abhijit Mitra
Various forms of protest such as rail-road roko and election boycott have been displayed by the Kurmi community to show their strength and legitimacy in their claim for Scheduled tribe status. By analysing pre-independence census data by British anthropologists, their study of culture and tribal way of life, and current socio-economic and political standing, the authors have attempted to trace the location of Kurmis (Mahto) of Chotanagpur region in the indigeneity discourse and their claim for ST status.
库尔米人采取了各种形式的抗议活动,如 "铁路抗议"(rail-road roko)和抵制选举,以显示他们要求获得在册部落地位的力量和合法性。通过分析英国人类学家在独立前的人口普查数据、他们对文化和部落生活方式的研究以及当前的社会经济和政治地位,作者试图追溯乔塔那格浦尔地区的库尔米人(马赫托人)在土著话语中的位置以及他们对在册部落地位的要求。
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引用次数: 0
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Contemporary Voice of Dalit
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