eJournal of Oral Maxillofacial Research最新文献

Objectives: The objectives of this retrospective study are to measure the amount of the alveolar crest cortication and cortication around the mandibular canal, and to evaluate bone density values of alveolar crest, cortication around mandibular canal, and possible implant placement area for edentulous sites.

Material and methods: Six hundred forty-two cone-beam computed tomography scans from 642 subjects were evaluated in four centers. Cortical thicknesses of alveolar crest and mandibular canal cortical borders (buccal, lingual, apical, and coronal) in each mandibular posterior teeth region were measured. Bone density of alveolar crest and mandibular canal cortical borders (buccal, lingual, apical, and coronal) in each mandibular posterior teeth region were recorded. The correlations between numeric variables were investigated using Pearson's correlation test.

Results: The largest cortical border of the canal was measured 1.1 (SD 0.71) mm at the left second molar area and in coronal side of the mandibular canal (MC). Left and right first premolar regions showed higher bone density values compared to the other sites in all bone density values evaluations. The buccal side of the canal at the right first premolar region showed the highest bone density values (832.32 [SD 350.01]) while the coronal side of the canal at the left second molar region showed the lowest (508.75 [SD 225.47]). The bone density of possible implant placement area at the both left (692.25 [SD 238.25]) and right (604.43 [SD 240.92]) edentulous first premolar showed the highest values. Positive correlations between the bone density values of alveolar crest and the coronal side of MC were found in molar and left second premolar regions (P < 0.05).

Conclusions: Results may provide information about the amount of cortication and bone densities tooth by tooth for posterior mandible to surgeons for planning the treatment precisely.

Objectives: The purpose of this pilot study is to compare gene expression in mucosa around dental implants with zirconia abutment to titanium and investigate presence of particles in mucosa samples and on implant heads.

Material and methods: Ten patients with a single implant supported prosthesis connected to zirconia or titanium abutments were invited at the five-year control. A clinical examination and a survey on experience of function and appearance were conducted. A mucosa biopsy taken in close vicinity to the implant were analysed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and presence of particles in a scanning electron microscope/energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscope (SEM/EDX). Cytological smear samples were collected and analysed through inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) to investigate presence of particles on implant heads.

Results: In total, 9 patients participated in the study, five with titanium abutments and four with zirconia abutments. All patients were satisfied with function and aesthetics. Titanium and iron particles were detected in mucosa biopsies. The ICP - MS analysis demonstrated presence of zirconia and titanium. Several proinflammatory genes were upregulated in the zirconia abutment group.

Conclusions: Around zirconia abutments a slight increase in proinflammatory response and amount of wear particles was seen as compared to titanium. Wear particles of titanium were present in all soft tissue samples, however zirconia particles only in the samples from implants heads/mucosa with zirconia abutments.

Objectives: The objective of this systematic review is to test the hypothesis that treatment with titanium, titanium-zirconium and zirconia dental implants has different clinical outcomes in survival rate, marginal bone loss, bleeding on probing, plaque control record, and probing depth.

Material and methods: A systematic electronic search through the PubMed (MEDLINE) and Cochrane Library databases was performed to identify studies published between January 1, 2013 and January 1, 2023 containing a minimum of 10 patients per study comparing titanium (Ti), titanium-zirconium (Ti-Zr), and zirconia (Zr) dental implants. Ti, Ti-Zr, and Zr dental implant clinical outcomes were determined by evaluating survival rate, marginal bone level, bleeding on probing, probing depth, plaque control record. Quality and risk-of-bias assessment were evaluated by Cochrane risk of bias tool.

Results: A total of 1361 articles were screened, with 10 meeting the inclusion criteria and being utilized for this systematic review and meta-analysis. A total of 301 patients with 637 implants (304 Ti, 134 Ti-Zr, and 199 Zr) were evaluated, showing a survival rate of 97.7% for Ti, 98.6% for Ti-Zr, and 93.8% for Zr implants respectively. In a meta-analysis, no difference in marginal bone level was found between Ti, Ti-Zr, and Zr implants (P = 0.84).

Conclusions: Dental implant survival rate was lower in zirconia group. Assessment of marginal bone loss and bleeding on probing showed better results with titanium-zirconium dental implants. Plaque control result was similar in all groups. Due to limited sample size assessed it was not possible to obtain conclusion on probing depth parameter.

Objectives: This retrospective study aims to analyse alveolar and palatal process pneumatisation and their relationships with sinonasal variations using cone-beam computed tomography.

Material and methods: The study included 500 patients aged 18 to 87 years, involving 1000 maxillary sinuses with cone-beam computed tomography scans. We examined the relationship between inferior maxillary pneumatisation and the following anatomic variations: Haller cell, concha bullosa, paradoxical concha, bifid concha, and septal deviation.

Results: Among the 1000 maxillary sinuses assessed, we found 223 (22.3%) with alveolar process pneumatisation (APP), 37 (3.7%) with palatal process pneumatisation (PPP), and 23 (2.3%) with the presence of both APP and PPP. Significant relationships were observed between the Haller cell (P = 0.005), nasal septum deviation (P = 0.000), and middle concha bullosa (P = 0.01) with APP. However, there were no significant relationships between the paradoxical middle concha (P = 0.07), bifid middle concha (P = 0.74), and APP. Similarly, significant relationships were observed between the Haller cell (P = 0.001), paradoxical middle concha (P = 0.009), bifid middle concha (P = 0.000), and PPP. However, there were no significant relationships between concha bullosa (P = 0.799) and PPP. Additionally, we found significant relationships between the Haller cell (P = 0.003) and the presence of both APP and PPP.

Conclusions: This study provides an anatomical basis for imaging diagnosis by investigating the frequency of inferior pneumatisation of the maxillary sinus and its relationship with certain sinonasal variations.

Background: Asperger syndrome is a type of autism spectrum disorder that may affect oral health and dental management. Spongiotic gingival hyperplasia is a rare lesion with unique clinicopathological features and unknown pathogenesis that has not been previously reported in a patient with autism spectrum disorder. The purpose of this case report is to present the first case of spongiotic gingival hyperplasia in a child with Asperger syndrome.

Methods: A 14-year-old boy with Asperger syndrome was referred for diagnosis and management of bright red granular overgrowths of the marginal gingiva and interdental papilla of the mandibular right incisors and marginal gingiva of the mandibular left incisor. A biopsy was performed on the interdental papilla between the mandibular right incisors.

Results: Microscopic examination and cytokeratin 19 immunopositivity confirmed the diagnosis of spongiotic gingival hyperplasia. The parents of the patient declined any further intervention, and four months later the gingival lesions, including the biopsied area, did not show any significant difference from the initial examination.

Conclusions: Patients with autism spectrum diseases, such as Asperger syndrome, cannot achieve a good level of oral hygiene. Thus, it is expected that the incidence of spongiotic gingival hyperplasia should be higher in this group of patients, in case oral microbiome participates in its pathogenesis. Management of such lesions is challenging, as such patients do not comply with a proper oral hygiene program and do not cooperate with surgical excision.

Objectives: This systematic review searched three of the most used databases to assess if current evidence suggested a difference between surgical and non-surgical management of mandibular condyle fractures in paediatric patients.

Material and methods: An electronic literature search was conducted of three well known databases - Ovid, PubMed and Web of Science. Studies included were conducted paediatric patients, in humans, written in English and published from January 1^st 1996 until April 1^st 2022. Data collection was carried out by two independent reviewers. Data collated from studies without high risk of bias was pooled for surgical vs non-surgical management and total tallies of all outcomes presented. Presence or absence of complications was recorded in 4 x 4 tables for each outcome and compared using a Chi-Square test.

Results: After duplicate records were removed, 182 records were screened. After exclusion of unsuitable reports, 20 were included in the review. Further analysis showed the included studies had high risk of bias. Given this, comparison of this pooled data showed no significant difference between management methods.

Conclusions: Presently it appears conservative management is functionally adequate without risks associated with surgical management, even though incidence of these risks was shown to be low in the studies included in this review.

Objectives: The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the prevalence of pathologies associated with impacted third molars in relation to tooth position on cone-beam computed tomography images.

Material and methods: In 348 cone-beam computed tomography images, the position of 640 impacted third molars (mesiodistal angulation, buccolingual inclination, impaction depth, and contact point localization) and the presence of pathologies (distal caries, external root resorption, marginal bone loss, and pathological follicular space) were evaluated. The data were analysed statistically with a significance level set at P < 0.05.

Results: Distal caries was mostly detected in relation to Class A (20.4%) and contact point at (12.5%) and above (10.5%) the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) (P = 0.000; P < 0.05). External root resorption and marginal bone loss were more common in mesioangular angulation (52.3% and 80.1%, respectively), Class C (53% and 73.8%, respectively), and contact point below the CEJ (53.2% and 73.3%, respectively) (P = 0.000; P < 0.05). Lingual inclination was identified as a new risk factor for associated pathologies (P < 0.05). Pathological follicular space was significantly more likely to occur in those with inverted angulation (100%) and absence of contact (31.5%) (P = 0.000 and P = 0.010, respectively; P < 0.05).

Conclusions: Pathologies arising in second molars in relation to impacted third molars are significantly associated with the three-dimensional position of impacted third molars, and watchful monitoring or prophylactic removal of impacted third molars should be considered, taking into account the relevant risk parameters for the related pathologies.

Background: Avulsion of permanent teeth is the most common in young permanent dentition. Replantation of immature teeth after avulsion represents a major challenge in terms of treatment management and long-term prognosis. This case report describes 9 years of follow-up for an avulsed and replanted immature mandibular lateral incisor with progressive external root resorption.

Methods: A 7-year-old patient following an accident in which his mandibular left central incisor was avulsed and replanted within one hour after being stored in a physiological storage medium. However, radiographic examination conducted six weeks after the dental injury revealed inflammatory root resorption of the replanted tooth #31. To address root resorption, endodontic treatment was performed involving the use of calcium hydroxide as an intracanal medication for a short period of time, followed by root canal obturation with mineral trioxide aggregate placed below the crestal bone margin.

Results: Three months later the root resorption had progressed. Consequently, a decision was made to perform periodontal surgery. While the long-term follow-up revealed that the inflammatory root resorption had damaged half of the root, the tooth remained functional and aesthetically favourable.

Conclusions: Despite the challenges associated with replantation of an immature tooth following avulsion, this case demonstrated favourable outcomes. The tooth maintained its functionality, exhibited favourable aesthetic, and the dimensions of the alveolar ridge were preserved, allowing for the physiological expansion of the dental arch.

Objectives: The objective of the present systematic review and meta-analysis was to test the 0-hypothesis of no difference in implant treatment outcome after horizontal alveolar ridge augmentation with xenogenic block compared with autogenous bone block.

Material and methods: A literature search was conducted using PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library databases in combination with a hand-search of relevant journals until 25^th of January 2022. Comparative and non-comparative studies evaluating horizontal alveolar ridge augmentations with xenogenic blocks were included. Quality and risk of bias were evaluated by Cochrane Collaboration's revised tool and Newcastle-Ottawa scale.

Results: Meta-analysis revealed no statistically significant difference in implant survival rate after more than 6 months of functional implant loading (P = 0.71), no difference in alveolar ridge width (P = 0.07) or gain of alveolar ridge width at re-entry (P = 0.13). Non-comparative studies revealed moderate to high short-term implant survival rate and gain in alveolar ridge width, however, complications including dehiscences, graft exposure and graft failure were observed in several studies.

Conclusions: No significant difference could be identified in short-term implant treatment outcome following horizontal alveolar ridge augmentation using xenogenic block compared with autogenous bone block with the limited data available. A high incidence of healing complications and implant failures necessitates further investigation, as well as long-term results on implant survival rate.

Background: The glandular odontogenic cyst is now a well-known entity comprising < 0.5% of all odontogenic cysts with a recent review tabulating about 200 cases in the English literature. Glandular odontogenic cyst shows epithelial features that simulate salivary gland or glandular differentiation. The importance of glandular odontogenic cyst relates to the fact that it has a high recurrence rate and shares overlapping histologic features with central mucoepidermoid carcinoma. The purpose of this paper is to describe the clinical, radiological, and histopathological features of a case of glandular odontogenic cyst with the course of treatment and 9-years follow-up, followed by a review of the literature.

Methods: A 63-year-old male was referred for further investigation of a mandibular radiolucency observed by his general dental practitioner. The main complaint was a murmuring sensation in the lower jaw right side. Radiological examination revealed a well-defined, unilocular, radiolucent lesion, involving the right mandible with 17 and 68 mm in mediolaterally and anteroposterior dimension, respectively.

Results: A total enucleation of the cystic lesion and surgical extraction of tooth #46, #47 and #48, was performed under local anaesthesia. Histopathologic examination revealed a glandular odontogenic cyst.

Conclusions: Glandular odontogenic cyst shows no pathognomonic clinico-radiographic characteristics, and therefore in many cases it resembles a wide spectrum of lesions. Diagnosis can be extremely difficult due to histopathological similarities with dentigerous cyst, lateral periodontal cyst and central mucoepidermoid carcinoma. Therefore a careful histopathological examination and a long-term follow-up (preferably seven years) are required to rule out recurrences.