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A Contrastive Study on Korean and Cia-Cia Language Vowels Based on an Acoustic Experiment 基于声学实验的朝鲜语和汉语元音对比研究
Pub Date : 2021-10-27 DOI: 10.22146/jh.68044
Achmad Rio Dessiar
The Cia-Cia language, which is spoken by around 79.000 people in the Bau-Bau area of Buton Island, does not have its own writing system. In 2009, the Korean alphabet, Hangeul, was approved by the Bau-Bau city government for transcribing Cia-Cia, owing to the similarity of phonemes in Korean to those in Cia-Cia. This research aimed to compare the acoustics of monophthongs in the Korean and Cia-Cia languages with an experimental phonetic approach and to discuss writing system problems in Cia-Cia when adopting the Korean writing system. Based on the classification, the Cia-Cia vowels /i, e, a, u, and o/ are equivalent to the Korean vowels /이 ([i]), 에 ([e]), 아 ([a]), 우 ([u]), 오 ([o])/.  However, there are two Korean vowels that have no Cia-Cia equivalents namely, /으/ ([ɨ]) and /어/ ([ə]). In general, the vowel equivalents between the two languages have significant differences in terms of their acoustic characteristics. Nonetheless, unlike other vowel equivalents, the Cia-Cia vowel /u/ and Korean vowel /우/ ([u]) when pronounced show similar phonetic features in terms of position and oral cavity opening level. In contrast, the Cia-Cia vowel /a/ and Korean vowel /아/ ([a]) when pronounced is shown to have the same oral cavity opening level, but different tongue positions. The use of the vowel /으/ ([ɨ]) in Hangeul's writing in transcribing particular Cia-Cia words is a unique feature of Korean grammar. This renders some transcriptions different from the pronunciation of the source Cia-Cia word. This is because of the limitations of Korean syllables, which, unlike Cia-Cia words, are not able to be written as double consonants.
布顿岛bauu - bau地区约有79000人使用Cia-Cia语言,这种语言没有自己的书写系统。2009年,包包市政府以“Cia-Cia”的音素与韩国语的音素相似为由,批准了韩国语字母“韩文”。本研究旨在以实验音标方法比较韩文与中华文单音音韵,并探讨中华文采用韩文书写系统时的书写系统问题。根据分类,Cia-Cia的元音/i、e、a、u和o/相当于韩语的元音/ ([i])、([e])、([a])、([u])、([o])/。然而,有两个韩语元音没有cia和cia的对应词,即/ / ([j])和/ / ([j])。一般来说,两种语言之间的元音等效在声学特征方面存在显著差异。然而,与其他元音不同的是,Cia-Cia元音/u/和韩语元音/大举/ ([u])在发音时在位置和口腔开口水平方面表现出相似的语音特征。相比之下,Cia-Cia元音/a/和韩语元音/ j / ([a])在发音时具有相同的口腔开口水平,但舌头位置不同。韩文在抄写特定的Cia-Cia单词时使用元音/ / ([j])是韩国语法的一个独特特征。这使得一些转录与Cia-Cia这个词的发音不同。这是因为韩语音节的局限性,与Cia-Cia单词不同,韩语音节不能写成双辅音。
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引用次数: 0
Dimakan Sayang: Turning the Common into the Exclusive, Cassava Bread (Embal) in The Kei Islands, Southeast Maluku, Indonesia Dimakan Sayang:把普通变成独家,木薯面包(Embal)在基群岛,东南马鲁古,印度尼西亚
Pub Date : 2021-07-31 DOI: 10.22146/jh.66227
P. Laksono
This article traces changes in everyday narratives considering cassava bread (embal) in the Kei Islands. Various methods of data collection (participant observation, focused group discussion, and survey) were used, and applied purposively to produce critical narratives on the transformation of local food patterns. These data were collected over a short fieldwork period in 2016 from the villages of Wain, Rumaat, and Langgur in the Kei Islands, Southeast Maluku. As this traditional staple food is being replaced by rice, Kei people are creatively adjusting both their attitudes and appetites towards embal. Both conceptual (noetic)shifts and sensory (taste) shifts are apparent. The typical taste or flavor of embal is increasingly celebrated and regarded as a special blessing. Yet, at the same time, many young Kei are now preferring to eat imported rice more than embal. They are losing their appetite for consuming embal as a daily common food, even as they increasingly adore and celebrate it as a luxurious meal. This suggests that the villagers have become bigger consumers of imported food (rice and noodles) than their city-based counterparts. As such, embal consumers (the local food’s contributors to sovereignty) in the market will continuously be under pressure, diminishing in numbers, in accordance with the rise of its exclusive image. Such is the irony for cassava as food sovereignty in the Kei Islands.
这篇文章追溯了在Kei群岛考虑木薯面包(embal)的日常叙述的变化。使用了各种数据收集方法(参与式观察、焦点小组讨论和调查),并有目的地应用于对当地食物模式转变的批判性叙述。这些数据是2016年在马鲁古东南部Kei群岛的Wain、Rumaat和Langgur村进行的短期实地调查中收集的。随着这种传统主食被大米取代,Kei人正在创造性地调整他们对防腐的态度和胃口。概念(思维)的转变和感觉(味觉)的转变都很明显。防腐的典型味道或味道越来越受到欢迎,并被视为一种特殊的祝福。然而,与此同时,许多年轻的Kei现在更喜欢吃进口大米而不是防腐大米。尽管他们越来越喜欢并将防腐肉作为一顿奢华的大餐来庆祝,但他们对将防腐肉作为日常常见食物的胃口正在下降。这表明,与城市居民相比,农村居民已经成为进口食品(大米和面条)的更大消费者。因此,市场上的防腐消费者(当地食品主权的贡献者)将不断面临压力,数量会随着其排他性形象的上升而减少。这是对基岛粮食主权木薯的讽刺。
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引用次数: 0
Women in Mount Tengger Folklores: Their Presence, Position and Environmental Knowledge of Disaster Mitigation 腾格里山民间传说中的女性:她们的存在、地位与减灾环境知识
Pub Date : 2021-07-31 DOI: 10.22146/jh.59727
S. Sukmawan, L. Setyowati
Tenggerese people in East Java are one of Indonesia’s ethnic communities endowed with a unique folklore. This  ethnographic research aimed to find out 1) how women are presented in Mount Tengger folklore; 2) the position of women in Tengger folkore; and 3) Tenggerese women’s environmental knowledge in relation to nature and disaster mitigation. Data analysis used multi perspective dimensions by employing theories of ecofeminism, ecocriticism, and folkloristic views. Human instruments, observations, interviews, and documentation were used in this study. The findings revealed that 1) women are presented both in Tengger folktales and oral poetry (spells), and are characterized as being mentally strong, respected, and having the proclivity to protect the environment. 2) In Tenggerese folklore, women enjoy equal position with men. The equality between men and women has become a social value and practice within Tenggerese traditions. Women work side-by-side with men in their domestic lives and beyond. 3) Tenggerese women have extensive environmental knowledge, in both the physical and psychological sense. They have in-depth and detailed knowledge of the vitality of nature for human living.
东爪哇的腾格里人是印度尼西亚具有独特民间传说的少数民族之一。本民族志研究的目的在于探究1)女性在腾格里山民间传说中的呈现方式;2)女性在腾格里民间传说中的地位;3)坦桑尼亚妇女在自然和减灾方面的环境知识。数据分析采用了生态女性主义、生态批评和民俗学等理论的多维视角。本研究采用人为仪器、观察、访谈和文献资料。研究结果表明:1)女性在腾格里民间故事和口述诗歌(咒语)中都有出现,具有坚强、受人尊敬、保护环境的特点;2)在腾格里民间传说中,女性享有与男性平等的地位。男女平等已成为一种社会价值和习俗,在腾格里传统中。女性在家庭生活和其他方面与男性并肩工作。3)坦桑尼亚妇女在生理和心理上都有广泛的环境知识。他们对人类生存的自然活力有着深入细致的认识。
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引用次数: 0
Improving Packaging Logistics System: A Study Case of Camembert Cheese 完善包装物流体系:以卡门培尔奶酪为例
Pub Date : 2021-07-31 DOI: 10.12962/j24433527.v14i1.8945
Mushonnifun Faiz Sugihartanto, S. Hanoum, Nalaputi Basoeki, Elif Tiryakioglu, Cynthia Ferrier
cheese using the packaging evaluation method and to propose suggestions to improve the efficiency of packaging logistics that would impact the efficiency of the entire supply chain. We engage all supply chain actors for evaluating the packaging features. The first packaging is not convenient as its weight and cost are quite high for cheese, the secondary packaging is deemed less efficient, whilst the tertiary packaging is not optimal in terms of traceability. Speaking of cost, environmental impacts, especially impact on other features in the supply chain, we propose solutions to replace the circular wooden box of the cheese with a cardboard box with a round shape. Then, only the cardboard trays will be used as secondary packaging all along the supply chain. These combined solutions reduce the handling work, the packaging material cost and provide more convenience for all actors.
运用奶酪包装评价方法并提出建议,提高包装物流的效率,从而影响整个供应链的效率。我们让所有供应链参与者评估包装特征。第一次包装不方便,因为它的重量和成本对奶酪来说相当高,第二次包装被认为效率较低,而第三次包装在可追溯性方面不是最佳的。考虑到成本、环境影响,尤其是对供应链其他方面的影响,我们提出的解决方案是用圆形的纸板箱代替圆形的奶酪木箱。然后,只有纸板托盘将被用作整个供应链的二次包装。这些组合解决方案减少了搬运工作,包装材料成本,为所有参与者提供了更多的便利。
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引用次数: 0
Public Satisfaction With Public Services (Study At The Department Of Population nd Civil Registration Of Semarang City) 公众对公共服务的满意度(三宝垄市人口与民事登记局研究)
Pub Date : 2021-07-31 DOI: 10.12962/j24433527.v14i1.8447
Harsoyo Harsoyo, S. Suparno
Public service is the role of the function of the state apparatus as a public servant, so that the position of the Government Apparatus in public services is very strategic because it determines the extent to which the government can provide the best possible service to the community and the extent to which the state carries out its role properly. The level of community satisfaction with public services at the Semarang City Population and Civil Registration Service is already good. This indicates that the community is satisfied with the performance that has been carried out by the government. In addition, every element of the Community Satisfaction Index assessment is all in the good category, although there are three elements that are of little value among others, namely service time, tariff, and product specifications for service types. The three types of public services are noted by the government to improve their performance in the future
公共服务是国家机器作为公仆的职能角色,因此政府机器在公共服务中的地位非常具有战略意义,因为它决定了政府能够在多大程度上为社会提供最好的服务,以及国家在多大程度上正确地履行其角色。社区对三宝垄市人口和民事登记局公共服务的满意度已经很高。这显示市民对政府的表现感到满意。此外,社区满意度指数评估的每个要素都在良好类别中,尽管有三个要素的价值不大,即服务时间,关税和服务类型的产品规格。这三种类型的公共服务是政府关注的,以便在未来改善它们的表现
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引用次数: 5
Dysfunction of Collaborative Governance in the Handling Policy of Covid-19 at Jambi Province 占壁省应对新冠肺炎政策中的协同治理失灵
Pub Date : 2021-07-31 DOI: 10.12962/j24433527.v14i1.8476
M. Kabullah, Sudarmoko Sudarmoko, Hendri Koeswara, F. Rahman, A. Azwar
Current research on public administration has generally concluded that collaborative governance is a key factor to solve the contemporary crisis. This argument departs from the essence of a concept that brings state and private stakeholders together in policymaking. Through a case study in the Jambi Province, we find that the collaboration between local governments and society has useful in handle Covid-19 crisis because they may shared understanding to prioritize Covid-19 pandemic as common problem. At the same time, the religious tension also gave a positive impact for the collaboration. However, the collaboration performance has followed several challenges such as incompatible procedures, inequality for the same access between individuals, and intervention by local elites.
目前的公共管理研究普遍认为,协同治理是解决当代危机的关键因素。这种观点背离了让政府和私人利益相关者共同参与决策这一概念的本质。通过占碑省的案例研究,我们发现地方政府和社会之间的合作对于应对新冠肺炎危机是有益的,因为他们可能会达成共识,将新冠肺炎大流行作为共同问题优先考虑。同时,宗教紧张局势也给合作带来了积极的影响。然而,协作绩效面临着程序不兼容、个体间同等接入不平等、地方精英干预等挑战。
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引用次数: 1
Intensitas Dan Sosialitas Keberagaman Di Lingungan/Unit Kerja 工作单位的强度和均匀性
Pub Date : 2021-07-31 DOI: 10.12962/j24433527.v14i1.8062
Yusuf Siswantara, Thomas Lingga, Willfridus Demetrius Siga
Research "intensity and sociality of diversity in the environment or work unit", aims to find indications of work effectiveness and the values of diversity in a pluralistic work environment on work optimization and productivity. This study uses a quantitative approach with a questionnaire as a random sampling instrument. The data population is 39 respondents. The correlation of the intensity of diversity values and work practices in a pluralistic environment is the main aspect that supports work effectively both internally and externally. Positive influence supports each person to feel safe, comfortable, and have very good relationships. Based on the results of the analysis, this study shows that there is a strong and positive correlation between performance and tolerance values in a pluralistic environment with a positive percentage of 93% and 0.7% value deviation that does not support the correlation of the two variables
研究“环境或工作单位中多样性的强度和社会性”,旨在寻找多元化工作环境中工作效率和多样性对工作优化和生产力的价值的迹象。本研究采用问卷作为随机抽样的定量方法。数据人群为39名受访者。在多元化环境中,多样性价值观的强度与工作实践之间的相互关系是有效地支持内部和外部工作的主要方面。积极的影响使每个人都感到安全、舒适,并拥有良好的人际关系。根据分析结果,本研究表明,在多元化环境下,绩效与容差值之间存在较强的正相关关系,正相关百分比为93%,值偏差为0.7%,不支持两个变量之间的相关性
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引用次数: 0
Using ADDIE Model to Appraise MOOC English for Non-Academic Staffs (ENAS) Designed for University Non-Academic Staffs Amid the COVID 19 Outbreak 基于ADDIE模型的新型冠状病毒疫情背景下面向高校非学术人员的MOOC英语课程评估
Pub Date : 2021-07-31 DOI: 10.12962/j24433527.v14i1.8349
Kartika Nuswantara, Banu Prasetyo, G. W. Bhawika, Ni wayan Suarmini
To help universities non-academic staffs maintain their productivity amid the COVID 19 outbreak, MOOC ENAS was developed. To guarantee the eligibility of the program, through this research, ADDIE model was employed to evaluate the course plan. Step 1 and 2 out of the whole 5 steps of ADDIE were used to describe qualitatively about the course design. Using an online questionnaire, the authors received 110 responses and were able to demonstrate that the design had the quality for a good course design. This was led by the results of investigation on the participants’ background correspond to the course plan including the description and objectives. It was figured out that the design was able to accommodate the participants’ language learning demands. The course design facilitated students learning by serving their education background, their workplace origin, and their already existing language learning experience. However, the study was lacking in the generalizability. To serve this, further research is needed by adding quantitative data so that the results of the evaluation could be presented in numbers that were more accurate and elusive. Finally, in terms of design, the MOOC ENAS is quite accommodating to be further continued into development of course content, implementation, and evaluation as assigned in ADDIE Model.
为了帮助大学的非学术人员在COVID - 19疫情期间保持生产力,开发了MOOC ENAS。为了保证课程计划的合格性,本研究采用ADDIE模型对课程计划进行评估。在ADDIE的5个步骤中,第1步和第2步用于对课程设计进行定性描述。通过使用在线问卷,作者收到了110份回复,并能够证明该设计具有良好课程设计的质量。这是由对参与者背景的调查结果导致的,与课程计划相对应,包括描述和目标。结果表明,该设计能够满足参与者的语言学习需求。课程设计通过服务学生的教育背景、工作背景和已有的语言学习经验,促进学生的学习。然而,该研究缺乏通用性。为此,需要进行进一步的研究,增加定量数据,以便以更准确和难以捉摸的数字提出评价结果。最后,在设计方面,MOOC ENAS非常适合进一步发展课程内容、实施和评估,如ADDIE模型所指定的那样。
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引用次数: 1
Measurement and Evaluation of the Online Marketing Training Results for Students at SMA Negeri 1 Bantur Malang SMA Negeri 1 Bantur Malang学生网络营销培训效果的测量与评价
Pub Date : 2021-07-31 DOI: 10.12962/j24433527.v14i1.8594
Arief Bustomi, A. Y. Rohedi, Muchamad Nurif
SMA Negeri 1 Bantur Malang is located in the southern area of Malang Regency. The demographic conditions and the Bantur community characteristics have caused many SMA Negeri 1 Bantur graduates to choose to work rather than continue their education to higher education. As a solution to this condition, the school has provided job training to students for one year as a provision for them after graduation. Apart from being in the form of student knowledge and skills, job training activities also produce goods and services that can be marketed to the public. Therefore, after participating in the training activities, SMA Negeri 1 Bantur students need to also be given training in marketing goods and services. This paper presents the results of online marketing training for goods and services at SMAN 1 Bantur. The method used in the training is tutorial and practice using text and video media. Measuring the success of training activities using the questionnaire method and assessment of the training participants' practice results. The results of measuring the success of training and their evaluation can measure the increase in knowledge and skills of each student who participates in the training.
SMA Negeri 1 Bantur Malang位于玛琅摄政的南部地区。人口状况和班图尔社区特征导致许多SMA Negeri Bantur毕业生选择工作而不是继续接受高等教育。为了解决这一问题,学校为学生提供了一年的就业培训,作为他们毕业后的一项规定。除了以学生知识和技能的形式,职业培训活动还可以生产可以向公众销售的商品和服务。因此,在参加培训活动后,SMA Negeri 1 Bantur的学生还需要接受营销商品和服务的培训。本文介绍了sman1bantur在线商品和服务营销培训的结果。在培训中采用的方法是指导和实践,利用文字和视频媒体。使用问卷调查法和对培训参与者实践结果的评估来衡量培训活动的成功。培训成功的测量结果及其评估可以衡量每个参加培训的学生的知识和技能的增长。
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引用次数: 0
Supply Chain Risk Analysis on Vending Machine Products (Study Case in XYZ Company) 自动售货机产品供应链风险分析(以XYZ公司为例)
Pub Date : 2021-07-31 DOI: 10.12962/j24433527.v14i1.7966
Puti Sinansari, Nugroho Priyo Negoro, M. Abdillah
The development of business and technology ecosystems demands industry to always make adjustments. Supply chain changes become one that is certain to happen. This change process allows the company to manage and minimize risks. Therefore, it is necessary to apply good risk management to minimize the impact of risk. As one of the vending machine service companies in Indonesia, PT XYZ has a long supply chain, covering the production process, assembling, shipping and customer service. This research aims to identify risk events and risk agents and determine the priority of risk agents in the vending machine service company at PT XYZ. The design of this research uses the first stage House of Risk method to identify risk events and risk agents as well as determining the highest risk agent. Then the highest risk agent is ranked in Pareto diagram to determine risk agent priority. The prospect of this research will be an overview of the risks that may arise in the vending machine service company in Indonesia.
商业和技术生态系统的发展要求行业不断做出调整。供应链的变化成为必然发生的事情。这个变更过程允许公司管理和最小化风险。因此,有必要应用良好的风险管理,以尽量减少风险的影响。作为印尼的自动售货机服务公司之一,PT XYZ拥有较长的供应链,涵盖了生产过程、组装、运输和客户服务。本研究旨在识别风险事件和风险代理人,并确定在PT XYZ自动售货机服务公司的风险代理人的优先级。本研究的设计采用第一阶段风险屋法来识别风险事件和风险动因,并确定最高风险动因。然后在帕累托图中对最高的风险代理进行排序,确定风险代理的优先级。本研究的前景将是对印度尼西亚自动售货机服务公司可能出现的风险的概述。
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引用次数: 1
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Jurnal Sosial Humaniora
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