Pub Date : 2023-12-29DOI: 10.15507/2658-4123.033.202304.542-557
A. N. Zintsov, M. M. Kovalev, G. A. Perov, Mixail G. Perov, Vyacheslav A. Dobretsov
Introduction. The efficiency of separating long flax fiber from the flax straw largely depends on the structural parameters of the layer of flax stems. Modern fluffers for flax strips create random distortions and intersection of the layer of flax stems under the pick-up drum. These disadvantages of existing machines are minimized in an experimental fluffer, in which a layer of flax stems moves over the pick-up drum with a kinematic mode indicator equal to one. Aim of the Article. The study is aimed at finding means and methods for preserving the structural parameters of the layer of flax stems when fluffing flax straw strips. Materials and Methods. Experimental studies were carried out according to existing and newly developed methods, and the analysis of flax fiber was carried out according to the current GOST standards. The experiments were carried out on the flax strips formed by the LC-4A flax harvester. After grass sprouted through the strips of flax stems, they were fluffed with the serial machine VL-3 and an experimental fluffer. For each variant, the necessary measurements of the main structural parameters of the stem strip and collection of samples for analysis were made before the unit passed and after fluffering the flax stem strip. The results of measurements and processing of samples were processed using the methods of mathematical statistics. Results. It was found that macro-bends of the original and processed flax strips were in all the experiments. At the same time, the range of changes in the curvature of the flax strip outside the cutoff frequencies expanded 2.3 times under the influence of the working tools of the serial tedder VL-3. The randomness of these pulsations was caused by an increase in the distortion and elongation of the flax stems in the strip by 6.0° and 6.9%, respectively. At the same time, the experimental fluffer produced the smallest changes in the structural parameters of the flax stem layer. The technological evaluation of the flax straw confirmed the advantages of the experimental fluffer in comparison with the serial VL-3, which has an average production of long fiber higher by 0.65% and 0.5 units of number. Discussion and Conclusion. The analysis of the obtained results indicates the practicability of fluffing flax strips by picking up and moving the stems from above the pick-up drum with its kinematic mode index equal to one.
{"title":"Influence of the Processes of Fluffing the Flax Stem Strips on the Structural Parameters of the Layer","authors":"A. N. Zintsov, M. M. Kovalev, G. A. Perov, Mixail G. Perov, Vyacheslav A. Dobretsov","doi":"10.15507/2658-4123.033.202304.542-557","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15507/2658-4123.033.202304.542-557","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The efficiency of separating long flax fiber from the flax straw largely depends on the structural parameters of the layer of flax stems. Modern fluffers for flax strips create random distortions and intersection of the layer of flax stems under the pick-up drum. These disadvantages of existing machines are minimized in an experimental fluffer, in which a layer of flax stems moves over the pick-up drum with a kinematic mode indicator equal to one. Aim of the Article. The study is aimed at finding means and methods for preserving the structural parameters of the layer of flax stems when fluffing flax straw strips. Materials and Methods. Experimental studies were carried out according to existing and newly developed methods, and the analysis of flax fiber was carried out according to the current GOST standards. The experiments were carried out on the flax strips formed by the LC-4A flax harvester. After grass sprouted through the strips of flax stems, they were fluffed with the serial machine VL-3 and an experimental fluffer. For each variant, the necessary measurements of the main structural parameters of the stem strip and collection of samples for analysis were made before the unit passed and after fluffering the flax stem strip. The results of measurements and processing of samples were processed using the methods of mathematical statistics. Results. It was found that macro-bends of the original and processed flax strips were in all the experiments. At the same time, the range of changes in the curvature of the flax strip outside the cutoff frequencies expanded 2.3 times under the influence of the working tools of the serial tedder VL-3. The randomness of these pulsations was caused by an increase in the distortion and elongation of the flax stems in the strip by 6.0° and 6.9%, respectively. At the same time, the experimental fluffer produced the smallest changes in the structural parameters of the flax stem layer. The technological evaluation of the flax straw confirmed the advantages of the experimental fluffer in comparison with the serial VL-3, which has an average production of long fiber higher by 0.65% and 0.5 units of number. Discussion and Conclusion. The analysis of the obtained results indicates the practicability of fluffing flax strips by picking up and moving the stems from above the pick-up drum with its kinematic mode index equal to one.","PeriodicalId":53796,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Technologies and Systems","volume":" 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139143052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-29DOI: 10.15507/26584123.033.202304.508-523
Yuri F. Lachuga, B. Meskhi, Viktor I. Pakhomov, Dmitriy V. Rudoy, Sergey I. Kambulov, Tatyana A. Maltseva
Introduction. The amino acid composition of compound feed is of great importance in feeding all kinds of animals. The lack of one or another amino acid limits the assimilation of other amino acids, resulting in excessive compound feed consumption, deterioration of the metabolism in the bodies of animals and increasing of their susceptibility to diseases. The use of grain heaps of wheat in the early ripening stages as feed raw materials is a promising direction for the development of the fodder base that will provide a balanced amino acid composition of compound feed with a lower content of expensive fish meal, which is the main source of protein in compound feeds. Aim of the Article. The article is aimed at determining the optimal ripening stage of spiked cereals, at which a high content of protein and proteinogenic amino acids is observed. The proposed technology and technological tools for early harvesting of spiked cereals will reduce agrotechnical terms of harvesting, reducing losses from shatter losses, and get grain of enhanced nutritive value. Materials and Methods. To study the amino acid composition, 4 samples of a winter wheat grain heap were taken: the winter wheat varieties Admiral and Luchezar, the perennial winter wheat (trititrigia) variety Pamyati Lyubimovoy and the gray wheatgrass variety Sova. Harvesting the wheat of these varieties was carried out by a combing-threshing unit in 5 phenological stages (growth stages are presented on the BBCH scale): 77 – late milk ripeness, 83 – early phase of wax ripeness, 87 – gold wax ripeness, 89 – full ripeness, 92 – overripeness. Results. The results of analyzing amino acid composition of 4 samples of wheat grain heap showed a high content of almost all the amino acids studied in the phase of gold wax ripeness, except of aspartic acid and asparagine, glutamic acid and glutamine, and tryptophan. Discussion and Conclusion. Grain heap of waxy ripeness wheat is a promising grain raw material for the production of compound feeds, which will reduce the amount of expensive components, such as fishmeal.
{"title":"Study of Changes in the Amino Acid Composition of Spiked Cereals during the Ripening Process","authors":"Yuri F. Lachuga, B. Meskhi, Viktor I. Pakhomov, Dmitriy V. Rudoy, Sergey I. Kambulov, Tatyana A. Maltseva","doi":"10.15507/26584123.033.202304.508-523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15507/26584123.033.202304.508-523","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The amino acid composition of compound feed is of great importance in feeding all kinds of animals. The lack of one or another amino acid limits the assimilation of other amino acids, resulting in excessive compound feed consumption, deterioration of the metabolism in the bodies of animals and increasing of their susceptibility to diseases. The use of grain heaps of wheat in the early ripening stages as feed raw materials is a promising direction for the development of the fodder base that will provide a balanced amino acid composition of compound feed with a lower content of expensive fish meal, which is the main source of protein in compound feeds. Aim of the Article. The article is aimed at determining the optimal ripening stage of spiked cereals, at which a high content of protein and proteinogenic amino acids is observed. The proposed technology and technological tools for early harvesting of spiked cereals will reduce agrotechnical terms of harvesting, reducing losses from shatter losses, and get grain of enhanced nutritive value. Materials and Methods. To study the amino acid composition, 4 samples of a winter wheat grain heap were taken: the winter wheat varieties Admiral and Luchezar, the perennial winter wheat (trititrigia) variety Pamyati Lyubimovoy and the gray wheatgrass variety Sova. Harvesting the wheat of these varieties was carried out by a combing-threshing unit in 5 phenological stages (growth stages are presented on the BBCH scale): 77 – late milk ripeness, 83 – early phase of wax ripeness, 87 – gold wax ripeness, 89 – full ripeness, 92 – overripeness. Results. The results of analyzing amino acid composition of 4 samples of wheat grain heap showed a high content of almost all the amino acids studied in the phase of gold wax ripeness, except of aspartic acid and asparagine, glutamic acid and glutamine, and tryptophan. Discussion and Conclusion. Grain heap of waxy ripeness wheat is a promising grain raw material for the production of compound feeds, which will reduce the amount of expensive components, such as fishmeal.","PeriodicalId":53796,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Technologies and Systems","volume":" 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139143636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-29DOI: 10.15507/2658-4123.033.202304.599-611
Muhammed Şami̇l Balci, A. Dalcalı
Introduction. As the need for energy increases, energy harvesting methods have also been intensively researched. Energy harvesting techniques which are a way of converting low amounts of energy from the environment into electrical energy can be used to meet the energy needs of low-power electronic devices and sensors. The increase in such sensors and devices with low power consumption also makes energy harvesting techniques more important. One of these harvesting techniques is energy harvesting from electromagnetic fields, which is obtained from transmission lines. Aim of the Article. The article is aimed at developing an effective electromagnetic energy harvester from energy transmission lines for unmanned aerial vehicles. Materials and Methods. The method of harvesting energy from transmission lines through magnetic field energy harvesting is reviewed. Theoretical analyses, Finite Element Analyses (FEA), and experimental studies are conducted on toroidal core structures designed in different sizes and with different materials. Results. Among the selected materials and under the specified line conditions, current of 0‒30 A and a frequency of 50 Hz, the highest power of 695.516 mW was harvested by the 60x30x20 sized ferrite core harvester at a line current of 30 A. Discussion and Conclusion. Detailed experiments were conducted based on the 60x30x20 mm ferrite core, which demonstrated the highest induced voltage. Different load resistances were used to find the resistance value for the highest power at each current value. The optimal load resistance for maximum power transmission was determined for each core using the curve fitting method at all current values.
{"title":"Power Analysis of Toroidal Core Electromagnetic Energy Harvesters for Transmission Lines","authors":"Muhammed Şami̇l Balci, A. Dalcalı","doi":"10.15507/2658-4123.033.202304.599-611","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15507/2658-4123.033.202304.599-611","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. As the need for energy increases, energy harvesting methods have also been intensively researched. Energy harvesting techniques which are a way of converting low amounts of energy from the environment into electrical energy can be used to meet the energy needs of low-power electronic devices and sensors. The increase in such sensors and devices with low power consumption also makes energy harvesting techniques more important. One of these harvesting techniques is energy harvesting from electromagnetic fields, which is obtained from transmission lines. Aim of the Article. The article is aimed at developing an effective electromagnetic energy harvester from energy transmission lines for unmanned aerial vehicles. Materials and Methods. The method of harvesting energy from transmission lines through magnetic field energy harvesting is reviewed. Theoretical analyses, Finite Element Analyses (FEA), and experimental studies are conducted on toroidal core structures designed in different sizes and with different materials. Results. Among the selected materials and under the specified line conditions, current of 0‒30 A and a frequency of 50 Hz, the highest power of 695.516 mW was harvested by the 60x30x20 sized ferrite core harvester at a line current of 30 A. Discussion and Conclusion. Detailed experiments were conducted based on the 60x30x20 mm ferrite core, which demonstrated the highest induced voltage. Different load resistances were used to find the resistance value for the highest power at each current value. The optimal load resistance for maximum power transmission was determined for each core using the curve fitting method at all current values.","PeriodicalId":53796,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Technologies and Systems","volume":" 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139145283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-29DOI: 10.15507/2413-1407.125.031.202304.754-769
Katerina V. Fofanova, Valeria S. Dorogaykina
Introduction. In previous decades, parental leave was traditionally perceived as a period with a clear functional load that does not go beyond family care. While modern women in this period are trying to combine family care and professional employment. The purpose of the paper is to study the practices of combining family care and professional employment during the period of parental leave for up to three years. Materials and Methods. The methodological basis of the study has consisted of: a gender approach explaining the reasons for the imbalance of social roles performed by a woman during parental leave; a socio-cultural approach describing gender relations as a cultural and symbolic construct and allowing to understand the process of constructing models of behavior of women during parental leave; an institutional approach that allows to highlight the action of norms and functions, regulating the period of parental leave. The article is based on empirical data obtained in the period 2019‒2022 among women of the Republic of Mordovia. The study was based on a qualitative and quantitative strategy: the method of semi-formalized interviews and a questionnaire survey conducted in 2022 were used. Results. The article has shown that the time of parental leave is perceived by women not only as an opportunity to fulfill the maternal role, but also as a resource for professional self-realization. The paper substantiates the need for a new understanding of the meaning of parental leave, significantly expands the understanding of this period in the life of a woman and a family as a whole. Discussion and Conclusion. As a result of the study, various options for combining child care and professional employment were identified, groups of women demonstrating different models of “immersion in motherhood” were identified, conditions were determined that allow a woman to combine child care with professional activity. The article shows that the time of parental leave is perceived by women not only as an opportunity to fulfill the maternal role, but also as a resource for professional self-realization. The article substantiates the need for a new understanding of the meaning of parental leave, significantly expands the understanding of this period in the life of a woman and a family as a whole.
{"title":"In Search of Balance: Family Care and Professional Employment of Women During Parental Leave","authors":"Katerina V. Fofanova, Valeria S. Dorogaykina","doi":"10.15507/2413-1407.125.031.202304.754-769","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15507/2413-1407.125.031.202304.754-769","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. In previous decades, parental leave was traditionally perceived as a period with a clear functional load that does not go beyond family care. While modern women in this period are trying to combine family care and professional employment. The purpose of the paper is to study the practices of combining family care and professional employment during the period of parental leave for up to three years. Materials and Methods. The methodological basis of the study has consisted of: a gender approach explaining the reasons for the imbalance of social roles performed by a woman during parental leave; a socio-cultural approach describing gender relations as a cultural and symbolic construct and allowing to understand the process of constructing models of behavior of women during parental leave; an institutional approach that allows to highlight the action of norms and functions, regulating the period of parental leave. The article is based on empirical data obtained in the period 2019‒2022 among women of the Republic of Mordovia. The study was based on a qualitative and quantitative strategy: the method of semi-formalized interviews and a questionnaire survey conducted in 2022 were used. Results. The article has shown that the time of parental leave is perceived by women not only as an opportunity to fulfill the maternal role, but also as a resource for professional self-realization. The paper substantiates the need for a new understanding of the meaning of parental leave, significantly expands the understanding of this period in the life of a woman and a family as a whole. Discussion and Conclusion. As a result of the study, various options for combining child care and professional employment were identified, groups of women demonstrating different models of “immersion in motherhood” were identified, conditions were determined that allow a woman to combine child care with professional activity. The article shows that the time of parental leave is perceived by women not only as an opportunity to fulfill the maternal role, but also as a resource for professional self-realization. The article substantiates the need for a new understanding of the meaning of parental leave, significantly expands the understanding of this period in the life of a woman and a family as a whole.","PeriodicalId":53796,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Technologies and Systems","volume":"42 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139146579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-29DOI: 10.15507/2413-1407.125.031.202304.701-719
M. Liga, I. Shchetkina, Elena Yu. Zakharova
Introduction. In modern conditions, patriotic education of young people is of particular importance, the implementation of which is possible using the potential of the Russian Cossacks. The Russian Cossacks have the necessary resources for the formation of youth patriotism, including the presence of their own ideology, ethnopsychological and ethno-cultural features, behavioral models, the system of patriotic education as part of the “Cossack pedagogy”. This potential of the Cossacks should be used in the modern social practice of patriotic education from the younger generation. The purpose of the article is based on the results of the analysis of public opinion in the Trans-Baikal Territory to investigate the attitude of the population to the Cossacks and its role in the patriotic education of the younger generation. Materials and Methods. The methodology of the study is presented by the theory of social identity of V. A. Tishkov, the pedagogical theory of patriotic education of V. V. Ivanov. Within the framework of the study, the attitude of the Trans-Baikal Territory residents to the Cossacks and the opinion about the potential of the Cossacks in the patriotic education of young people are characterized. The study was conducted in 2021–2022. A survey in the form of a questionnaire was used as the main method. 500 residents of the Trans-Baikal Territory were interviewed. The method of cluster (territorial) single-stage sampling was used in the study. Results. It is revealed that in the Trans-Baikal Territory, a positive attitude to the Cossacks, their traditions and values prevails. The results obtained in the course of the study indicate that today the process of revival of the Cossacks is supported in society. It is shown that the Cossacks play an important role in the patriotic education of young people. Discussion and Conclusion. The residents of the Trans-Baikal Territory recognize the value of using the patriotic traditions of the Cossacks and the need for the participation of the Cossacks in the patriotic education of young people. The results obtained can be used in the development of programs of patriotic, spiritual and moral education of the younger generation based on the traditional values of the Cossacks.
导言。在现代条件下，对青少年进行爱国主义教育具有特别重要的意义，而俄罗斯哥萨克人的潜能为开展爱国主义教育提供了可能。俄罗斯哥萨克拥有培养青年爱国主义的必要资源，包括他们自己的意识形态、民族心理和民族文化特征、行为模式、作为 "哥萨克教育学 "一部分的爱国主义教育体系。在现代社会实践中，应利用哥萨克人的这一潜力对年轻一代进行爱国主义教育。文章的目的是在外贝加尔边疆区民意分析结果的基础上，调查居民对哥萨克的态度及其在年轻一代爱国主义教育中的作用。 材料和方法。研究方法采用 V. A. Tishkov 的社会认同理论和 V. V. Ivanov 的爱国主义教育理论。在研究框架内，外贝加尔边疆区居民对哥萨克的态度以及对哥萨克在青年爱国主义教育中的潜力的看法得到了体现。研究于 2021-2022 年进行。主要采用了问卷调查的形式。外贝加尔边疆区的 500 名居民接受了调查。研究采用了分组（地区）单阶段抽样法。 研究结果研究结果表明，在外贝加尔边疆区，人们普遍对哥萨克、哥萨克传统和价值观持积极态度。研究结果表明，如今哥萨克的复兴进程得到了社会的支持。哥萨克在青年爱国主义教育中发挥着重要作用。 讨论与结论。外贝加尔边疆区居民认识到哥萨克爱国传统的价值以及哥萨克参与青少年爱国教育的必要性。所取得的成果可用于制定以哥萨克传统价值观为基础的年轻一代爱国主义、精神和道德教育计划。
{"title":"Trans-Baikal Cossacks as a Subject of Patriotic Education of Youth","authors":"M. Liga, I. Shchetkina, Elena Yu. Zakharova","doi":"10.15507/2413-1407.125.031.202304.701-719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15507/2413-1407.125.031.202304.701-719","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. In modern conditions, patriotic education of young people is of particular importance, the implementation of which is possible using the potential of the Russian Cossacks. The Russian Cossacks have the necessary resources for the formation of youth patriotism, including the presence of their own ideology, ethnopsychological and ethno-cultural features, behavioral models, the system of patriotic education as part of the “Cossack pedagogy”. This potential of the Cossacks should be used in the modern social practice of patriotic education from the younger generation. The purpose of the article is based on the results of the analysis of public opinion in the Trans-Baikal Territory to investigate the attitude of the population to the Cossacks and its role in the patriotic education of the younger generation. Materials and Methods. The methodology of the study is presented by the theory of social identity of V. A. Tishkov, the pedagogical theory of patriotic education of V. V. Ivanov. Within the framework of the study, the attitude of the Trans-Baikal Territory residents to the Cossacks and the opinion about the potential of the Cossacks in the patriotic education of young people are characterized. The study was conducted in 2021–2022. A survey in the form of a questionnaire was used as the main method. 500 residents of the Trans-Baikal Territory were interviewed. The method of cluster (territorial) single-stage sampling was used in the study. Results. It is revealed that in the Trans-Baikal Territory, a positive attitude to the Cossacks, their traditions and values prevails. The results obtained in the course of the study indicate that today the process of revival of the Cossacks is supported in society. It is shown that the Cossacks play an important role in the patriotic education of young people. Discussion and Conclusion. The residents of the Trans-Baikal Territory recognize the value of using the patriotic traditions of the Cossacks and the need for the participation of the Cossacks in the patriotic education of young people. The results obtained can be used in the development of programs of patriotic, spiritual and moral education of the younger generation based on the traditional values of the Cossacks.","PeriodicalId":53796,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Technologies and Systems","volume":"103 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139146824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-29DOI: 10.15507/2658-4123.033.202304.524-541
Evgeny V. Truflyak, Andrey N. Potebnya
ntroduction. To improve the efficiency of harvesting crops, it is necessary to improve the existing tools of mowers and headers of combine harvesters that will ensure their versatility and multifunctionality. The increased power availability per the industry in the current economic and political conditions can be achieved by applying the principles of resource conservation and using alternative designs of reaper and headers. The existing cutting units of these agricultural machines do not provide simultaneous cutting, harvesting and chopping of corn stalks, sunflower stalks, reed steams and branches for the purpose of futher incorporation into the soil or collection of plant mass to use in liverstock. Therefore, substantiating the design and technological scheme and determinating the parameters and modes for the universal cutting and chopping apparatus is relevant. Aim of the Article. The aim of the work is to increase the efficiency of cutting and chopping plants by substantiating the structural and functional scheme of the unit and the ration parameters and operating modes of the cutting unit. Materials and Methods. The physics of the kinematic mode indicator is substantiated in terms of the probability-based approach. The research was carried out in the laboratory of the Department of Operation and Technical Service and in the training park of Kuban State Agrarian University. Results. There is substantiated the structural and functional scheme of the chopper unit with a cutterbar of cutting and chopping type. The physics of the kinematic mode index characterizing the intensity of interaction of a certain number of knives with plants on the root and stems distributed over the area with different density, is substantiated for the accepted conditions of the unit operation, in terms of probabilistic approach to the interaction of knives with stems in the form of plants on the root. Discussion and Conclusion. The obtained data are necessary for designing universal machines of a new type, providing not only cutting, but also collecting of cut stems, chopping and possible collecting of the chopped crop or spreading chopped crop on the field. Depending on the rotational speed of the auger tool, an indicator of the kinematic mode, the power varies from 4.99 kW to 11.02 kW, productivity from 0.5 kg/s to 1.22 kg/s, and energy consumption from 11.02 to 4.99 kW-s/kg.
{"title":"Parameters and Operation Modes of the Cutting and Chopping Apparatus","authors":"Evgeny V. Truflyak, Andrey N. Potebnya","doi":"10.15507/2658-4123.033.202304.524-541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15507/2658-4123.033.202304.524-541","url":null,"abstract":"ntroduction. To improve the efficiency of harvesting crops, it is necessary to improve the existing tools of mowers and headers of combine harvesters that will ensure their versatility and multifunctionality. The increased power availability per the industry in the current economic and political conditions can be achieved by applying the principles of resource conservation and using alternative designs of reaper and headers. The existing cutting units of these agricultural machines do not provide simultaneous cutting, harvesting and chopping of corn stalks, sunflower stalks, reed steams and branches for the purpose of futher incorporation into the soil or collection of plant mass to use in liverstock. Therefore, substantiating the design and technological scheme and determinating the parameters and modes for the universal cutting and chopping apparatus is relevant. Aim of the Article. The aim of the work is to increase the efficiency of cutting and chopping plants by substantiating the structural and functional scheme of the unit and the ration parameters and operating modes of the cutting unit. Materials and Methods. The physics of the kinematic mode indicator is substantiated in terms of the probability-based approach. The research was carried out in the laboratory of the Department of Operation and Technical Service and in the training park of Kuban State Agrarian University. Results. There is substantiated the structural and functional scheme of the chopper unit with a cutterbar of cutting and chopping type. The physics of the kinematic mode index characterizing the intensity of interaction of a certain number of knives with plants on the root and stems distributed over the area with different density, is substantiated for the accepted conditions of the unit operation, in terms of probabilistic approach to the interaction of knives with stems in the form of plants on the root. Discussion and Conclusion. The obtained data are necessary for designing universal machines of a new type, providing not only cutting, but also collecting of cut stems, chopping and possible collecting of the chopped crop or spreading chopped crop on the field. Depending on the rotational speed of the auger tool, an indicator of the kinematic mode, the power varies from 4.99 kW to 11.02 kW, productivity from 0.5 kg/s to 1.22 kg/s, and energy consumption from 11.02 to 4.99 kW-s/kg.","PeriodicalId":53796,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Technologies and Systems","volume":"9 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139147969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-29DOI: 10.15507/2413-1407.125.031.202304.684-700
Ildar R. Nasyrov, Yusup D. Yakubov
Introduction. The issues of interregional cooperation of Russian regions are of particular relevance in the face of drastic changes in the foreign economic relations. Reasons of interregional cooperation induce Russian regions to open representative offices in federal subjects. The purpose of the article is to consider the Republic of Tatarstan experience of using remote representative offices and improving their performance in order to suggest a generalized model for organizing the activities of representative offices taking into account the modern trends in the development of interregional cooperation. Materials and Methods. The study includes analysis of up-to-date publications on the research topic, documents of state origin and is based on evaluation of the long-term experience of development the system of representative offices of the Republic of Tatarstan. The institutional and structural-functional methods of political science were used to determine the place of remote representative offices in the regional government authorities, the conditions of their activities, and the implemented functionality. General scientific methods of comparative analysis and classification were also used to develop a basic concept and work organization model of representative offices, to assess trends in the performance indicators of their activities, to work out development proposals for representative offices of federation subjects. Results. The current trends in the development of interregional cooperation in Russia together with questions of using the representative offices of federal subjects are considered taking into account corresponding experience of the Republic of Tatarstan. Ways to organize the work of federal subjects’ representative offices and to estimate their efficiency were studied. Approaches to improve activities of the representative offices and to expand their operations to new sites are suggested. Discussion and Conclusion. The study has showed the importance of the representative offices of the subjects of the Russian Federation for interregional cooperation. The authors describe a general model for organizing the work of regional representative offices and identify the ways to increase their contribution into interregional cooperation. The results of the study may be useful for experts in regional development policy and government officials.
{"title":"Representative Offices of the Federal Subjects as an Institute for Interregional Cooperation (Experience of the Republic of Tatarstan)","authors":"Ildar R. Nasyrov, Yusup D. Yakubov","doi":"10.15507/2413-1407.125.031.202304.684-700","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15507/2413-1407.125.031.202304.684-700","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The issues of interregional cooperation of Russian regions are of particular relevance in the face of drastic changes in the foreign economic relations. Reasons of interregional cooperation induce Russian regions to open representative offices in federal subjects. The purpose of the article is to consider the Republic of Tatarstan experience of using remote representative offices and improving their performance in order to suggest a generalized model for organizing the activities of representative offices taking into account the modern trends in the development of interregional cooperation. Materials and Methods. The study includes analysis of up-to-date publications on the research topic, documents of state origin and is based on evaluation of the long-term experience of development the system of representative offices of the Republic of Tatarstan. The institutional and structural-functional methods of political science were used to determine the place of remote representative offices in the regional government authorities, the conditions of their activities, and the implemented functionality. General scientific methods of comparative analysis and classification were also used to develop a basic concept and work organization model of representative offices, to assess trends in the performance indicators of their activities, to work out development proposals for representative offices of federation subjects. Results. The current trends in the development of interregional cooperation in Russia together with questions of using the representative offices of federal subjects are considered taking into account corresponding experience of the Republic of Tatarstan. Ways to organize the work of federal subjects’ representative offices and to estimate their efficiency were studied. Approaches to improve activities of the representative offices and to expand their operations to new sites are suggested. Discussion and Conclusion. The study has showed the importance of the representative offices of the subjects of the Russian Federation for interregional cooperation. The authors describe a general model for organizing the work of regional representative offices and identify the ways to increase their contribution into interregional cooperation. The results of the study may be useful for experts in regional development policy and government officials.","PeriodicalId":53796,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Technologies and Systems","volume":"77 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139311471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.15507/2658-4123.033.202302.256-269
A. Shemyakin, I. Fadeev, I. Uspensky, I. Yukhin, M. Chatkin
Introduction. A review of studies on the protection of threaded connections from corrosion shows that they have leaks that contribute to the development of crevice corrosion, which leads to a decrease in the mechanical strength of threaded connections and complicates dismantling. Modern lubricants and chemical thread fixatives do not provide corrosion protection and disassembly of threaded connections over a long service life, so the development of a more effective lubricant composition is an urgent task. Aim of the Article. Is to develop an effective lubricant composition to protect against corrosion and improve the disassembly of threaded connections. Materials and Methods. The parts of the M10 threaded pair with a thread pitch of 1.5 mm made of St3 steel, connecting two products, (prototypes) were lubricated with grease Zh-SKa 2/6-2, lithol-24, grease + oligomer D-10TM 5% by weight, composition of litol-24 + oligomer D-10TM 5% by weight, tightened to the moment of tightening force 80 N‧m, immersed in a 3% hydrochloric acid solution at a temperature of 22‒24°С. After 8 hours, the samples were removed from the solution and left in the air for 16 hours, which represented one cycle. According to the lubrication options, the number of parallel experiments was 5. Exposure duration – 24; 48; 96; 240; 480; 720 hours, after the expiration of which 5 samples of each lubricant option were disassembled, the value of the moment of the release force was recorded, the corrosion damage was assessed, and the coefficient of friction was calculated. Results An effective lubricant composition has been developed for processing parts of threaded connections, which increases their corrosion resistance and improves dismantling. Discussion and Conclusion. When adding oligomer D-10TM 5% by weight in litol-24, there is a significant increase in the length of time before the appearance of foci of corrosion on the details of threaded connections and an improvement in their dismantling. Implementation of the obtained results allows to increase the reliability of threaded connections.
{"title":"Composition for Anticorrosive Treatment of Parts of Threaded Connections","authors":"A. Shemyakin, I. Fadeev, I. Uspensky, I. Yukhin, M. Chatkin","doi":"10.15507/2658-4123.033.202302.256-269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15507/2658-4123.033.202302.256-269","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. A review of studies on the protection of threaded connections from corrosion shows that they have leaks that contribute to the development of crevice corrosion, which leads to a decrease in the mechanical strength of threaded connections and complicates dismantling. Modern lubricants and chemical thread fixatives do not provide corrosion protection and disassembly of threaded connections over a long service life, so the development of a more effective lubricant composition is an urgent task.\u0000Aim of the Article. Is to develop an effective lubricant composition to protect against corrosion and improve the disassembly of threaded connections.\u0000Materials and Methods. The parts of the M10 threaded pair with a thread pitch of 1.5 mm made of St3 steel, connecting two products, (prototypes) were lubricated with grease Zh-SKa 2/6-2, lithol-24, grease + oligomer D-10TM 5% by weight, composition of litol-24 + oligomer D-10TM 5% by weight, tightened to the moment of tightening force 80 N‧m, immersed in a 3% hydrochloric acid solution at a temperature of 22‒24°С. After 8 hours, the samples were removed from the solution and left in the air for 16 hours, which represented one cycle. According to the lubrication options, the number of parallel experiments was 5. Exposure duration – 24; 48; 96; 240; 480; 720 hours, after the expiration of which 5 samples of each lubricant option were disassembled, the value of the moment of the release force was recorded, the corrosion damage was assessed, and the coefficient of friction was calculated.\u0000Results An effective lubricant composition has been developed for processing parts of threaded connections, which increases their corrosion resistance and improves dismantling.\u0000Discussion and Conclusion. When adding oligomer D-10TM 5% by weight in litol-24, there is a significant increase in the length of time before the appearance of foci of corrosion on the details of threaded connections and an improvement in their dismantling. Implementation of the obtained results allows to increase the reliability of threaded connections.","PeriodicalId":53796,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Technologies and Systems","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75921082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.15507/2658-4123.033.202302.270-287
E. Miftakhov, S. Mustafina, I. Nasyrov, N. D. Morozkin
Introduction. Under conditions of high demand for rubber products, continuous modernization of technological processes of continuous production is carried out. One of the tools to control the physical and chemical parameters of the resulting product is the technology of multipoint feeding of controlling impurities that can significantly affect the molecular characteristics of polymers. However, it is difficult to experimentally select the technology of multipoint feeding of controlling impurities to achieve the given molecular characteristics of polymers. Aim of the Article. To create a methodology that allows using the tools of model system description to carry out directed regulation and construction of the technological process to achieve a given molecular weight distribution. Materials and Methods. For more accurate mathematical modeling of polymer synthesis processes, two approaches to the model description of the system under study are considered: 1) Kinetic approach. In this case, the developed algorithm is based on the method of moments in combination with numerical methods for solving systems of ordinary differential equations that characterize the change in the material balance for each reaction component. When describing large-tonnage production, a modular principle is proposed, according to which the kinetics model is supplemented by hydrodynamic regularities that depend on the reactor type. 2) Statistical approach (Monte Carlo method). The algorithm for implementing the statistical approach is based on the probabilistic nature of elementary reactions. To describe the process in the reactor cascade, a systematic approach to the organization of calculations is proposed. Results. Using kinetic and statistical approaches new dependences of conversion and characteristic viscosity on polymerizer number were obtained, which showed satisfactory agreement with the values of the experimental results. Comparative analysis of calculated molecular-mass distribution curves of obtained product was carried out. The analysis confirms the significant influence of different modes of regulator feeding on molecular characteristics of polymer. Discussion and Conclusion. The analysis of the molecular chain structure of the copolymerization product under conditions of adding the third control point characterizes the decrease in rigidity and increase in elasticity of the resulting product, and the created digital evaluation tools allow by means of computational experiments to select optimal parameters of the regulator feeding in order to obtain polymers with a given molecular mass.
{"title":"Algorithm for Evaluation of the Molecular Characteristics of a Polymer Product under Conditions of Multipoint Control","authors":"E. Miftakhov, S. Mustafina, I. Nasyrov, N. D. Morozkin","doi":"10.15507/2658-4123.033.202302.270-287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15507/2658-4123.033.202302.270-287","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Under conditions of high demand for rubber products, continuous modernization of technological processes of continuous production is carried out. One of the tools to control the physical and chemical parameters of the resulting product is the technology of multipoint feeding of controlling impurities that can significantly affect the molecular characteristics of polymers. However, it is difficult to experimentally select the technology of multipoint feeding of controlling impurities to achieve the given molecular characteristics of polymers.\u0000Aim of the Article. To create a methodology that allows using the tools of model system description to carry out directed regulation and construction of the technological process to achieve a given molecular weight distribution.\u0000Materials and Methods. For more accurate mathematical modeling of polymer synthesis processes, two approaches to the model description of the system under study are considered: 1) Kinetic approach. In this case, the developed algorithm is based on the method of moments in combination with numerical methods for solving systems of ordinary differential equations that characterize the change in the material balance for each reaction component. When describing large-tonnage production, a modular principle is proposed, according to which the kinetics model is supplemented by hydrodynamic regularities that depend on the reactor type. 2) Statistical approach (Monte Carlo method). The algorithm for implementing the statistical approach is based on the probabilistic nature of elementary reactions. To describe the process in the reactor cascade, a systematic approach to the organization of calculations is proposed.\u0000Results. Using kinetic and statistical approaches new dependences of conversion and characteristic viscosity on polymerizer number were obtained, which showed satisfactory agreement with the values of the experimental results. Comparative analysis of calculated molecular-mass distribution curves of obtained product was carried out. The analysis confirms the significant influence of different modes of regulator feeding on molecular characteristics of polymer.\u0000Discussion and Conclusion. The analysis of the molecular chain structure of the copolymerization product under conditions of adding the third control point characterizes the decrease in rigidity and increase in elasticity of the resulting product, and the created digital evaluation tools allow by means of computational experiments to select optimal parameters of the regulator feeding in order to obtain polymers with a given molecular mass.","PeriodicalId":53796,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Technologies and Systems","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75883117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.15507/2658-4123.033.202302.192-206
F. Safin, Radik M. Bashirov, A. Negovora, Sergey K. Korabelnikov, N. Rakov
Introduction. Operational methods to monitor the power indicators of engines for continuous diagnosis of their technical condition are of particular interest for creating optimal operating conditions of motor and tractor machinery. The methods are characterized by the mechanical efficiency, determined in the conditions of repair shops with the use of complex braking devices. Aim of the Article. To present the results of research on the development of an operational method for determining the mechanical efficiency of diesel engines with batteryoperated electronically controlled fuel supply systems. Materials and Methods. The Bashkir State Agrarian University proposed and successfully tested an operational method for assessing the technical condition of diesel engines with direct-acting fuel equipment on their mechanical efficiency, which is determined by the performance of their fuel equipment adjusted using the diesel itself as an adjusting stand. The possibility of using the proposed method for diesel engines with storage fuel systems was investigated. Results. The accuracy of determining the mechanical efficiency of diesel engines by electronically controlled fuel systems of battery type can be affected by the features of their work – the correction of cyclic feeds by the electronic engine control unit depending on the technical condition of the cylinders and high fuel injection pressure. To test this hypothesis, there were carried out studies on a four-cylinder D4EA 2.0 engine of a Hyundai Tuscon car with a Common Rail type storage fuel system. The engine fuel supply system was supplemented with an electronic unit integrated between the injector and the standard engine control unit, which interrupted the transmission line of the control signal to the injector according to a given algorithm without the standard unit transition to emergency mode. It has been found that the proposed method can successfully determine the technical condition of the engine as a whole and of its individual cylinders (alternating disabled and working cylinders). Discussion and Conclusion. The proposed operational method for determining the mechanical efficiency can be successfully used for diesel engines with accumulator electronically controlled fuel supply systems. At the same time, an increase in the cyclic supply by the electronic control unit of the engine fuel supply system reduces the mechanical efficiency slightly, and it can be taken into account only in special cases.
{"title":"Operational Control of Power Indicators of Diesel Engines with Common Rail Fuel System","authors":"F. Safin, Radik M. Bashirov, A. Negovora, Sergey K. Korabelnikov, N. Rakov","doi":"10.15507/2658-4123.033.202302.192-206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15507/2658-4123.033.202302.192-206","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Operational methods to monitor the power indicators of engines for continuous diagnosis of their technical condition are of particular interest for creating optimal operating conditions of motor and tractor machinery. The methods are characterized by the mechanical efficiency, determined in the conditions of repair shops with the use of complex braking devices.\u0000Aim of the Article. To present the results of research on the development of an operational method for determining the mechanical efficiency of diesel engines with batteryoperated electronically controlled fuel supply systems.\u0000Materials and Methods. The Bashkir State Agrarian University proposed and successfully tested an operational method for assessing the technical condition of diesel engines with direct-acting fuel equipment on their mechanical efficiency, which is determined by the performance of their fuel equipment adjusted using the diesel itself as an adjusting stand. The possibility of using the proposed method for diesel engines with storage fuel systems was investigated.\u0000Results. The accuracy of determining the mechanical efficiency of diesel engines by electronically controlled fuel systems of battery type can be affected by the features of their work – the correction of cyclic feeds by the electronic engine control unit depending on the technical condition of the cylinders and high fuel injection pressure. To test this hypothesis, there were carried out studies on a four-cylinder D4EA 2.0 engine of a Hyundai Tuscon car with a Common Rail type storage fuel system. The engine fuel supply system was supplemented with an electronic unit integrated between the injector and the standard engine control unit, which interrupted the transmission line of the control signal to the injector according to a given algorithm without the standard unit transition to emergency mode. It has been found that the proposed method can successfully determine the technical condition of the engine as a whole and of its individual cylinders (alternating disabled and working cylinders).\u0000Discussion and Conclusion. The proposed operational method for determining the mechanical efficiency can be successfully used for diesel engines with accumulator electronically controlled fuel supply systems. At the same time, an increase in the cyclic supply by the electronic control unit of the engine fuel supply system reduces the mechanical efficiency slightly, and it can be taken into account only in special cases.","PeriodicalId":53796,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Technologies and Systems","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84260296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：