Pub Date : 2023-07-17DOI: 10.1177/00220094231186089
Iryna Skubii
This article focuses on the interconnections and interrelations between food, waste, people and state during a series of survival crises in the famines of 1921–3, 1932–3 and 1946–7 in Soviet Ukraine. Owing to grain and food requisitions, the collectivization of agriculture and rationing, as part of the state's growing control over the flow of economic resources from the 1920s to the 1940s, discarded food acquired particular importance for people's survival during these times of extremes. Focusing on both individual and institutional levels of waste production and regulation, this study explores the role of food waste in the survival practices of the starving and traces the development of their individual resourcefulness and interconnectedness with wider social and natural environments. The article explores different types of food waste, including husks, leftover food, carrion and spoiled and rotten food and the spaces of its collection. By ‘following’ the traces of waste in urban and rural landscapes, including, among others, dumpsters, slaughterhouses, cattle cemeteries and railway stations, the article brings into focus the critical changes in human–food, human–waste and human–nature relationships in times of extremes.
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Pub Date : 2023-06-23DOI: 10.1177/00220094231173322f
Sara Blaylock
{"title":"Book Review: Riss im Bild. Kunst und Künstler aus der DDR und die deutsche Vereinigung by Anja Tack","authors":"Sara Blaylock","doi":"10.1177/00220094231173322f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00220094231173322f","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53857,"journal":{"name":"Casopis za Suvremenu Povijest","volume":"58 1","pages":"585 - 586"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41619406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-23DOI: 10.1177/00220094231173322b
Hannah Yoken
tives in the ground to preserve images they had composed. The Nazi films projected an alien narrative onto a captive people, but these hidden images speak to us directly, their authors transformed from victims into witnesses. Geopolitical entanglements often contorted humanitarian ideals. Helmut Philipp Aust’s account of the Russian diplomat and lawyer André Mandelstam’s high-minded pronouncements alongside his rank anti-Turkish racism reminds us how much the ‘conscience of mankind’ and the ‘community of civilized nations’ informed the Hague Laws and to a lesser extent the Geneva Conventions. Realpolitik also drove efforts by Friedrich Kaul, East Germany’s most famous post-war lawyer, to insinuate himself into the trial of Adolph Eichmann. Lorena De Vita notes that Kaul’s presence in Jerusalem was especially curious since the Marxist reading of the Second World War downplayed the murder of Jews as a defining crime of the Nazi regime. While the West German lawyer Robert Servatius represented Eichmann, Kaul would claim to represent Eichmann’s victims. But his intervention was really designed to score political points by drawing supposed parallels between the Nazi regime and the West German government, and seeking to undermine the West’s advances in international law. A danger of biography is that it can individualize broad historical currents, suggesting, in this case, a kind of great-lawyer view of history. Despite the book’s constitutive claims about Jewish identity and experience, that social milieu often remains in the background. The authors recognise the contributions of neglected figures like Jacob Robinson and Oscar Mintzer, and revive forgotten women’s voices like those of Rachel Auerbach and Helen Silving. But other figures are missing. Ambassador Henry Morgenthau, the German-American lawyer who led the way in exposing the Armenian Genocide, doesn’t appear at all. In other ways, however, biography is crucial. In his closing essay on ‘useful biographies,’ Daniel Stahl describes how Benjamin Ferencz, the young lawyer who assisted Telford Taylor at Nuremberg, and Raphael Lemkin became the patron saints of the International Criminal Court and the revival of liberal internationalism, respectively. As Stahl puts it, the two men were refugees who ‘found no home but in the law’ (p. 199). The authenticity of their experiences resonates as loudly as the doctrines they espoused.
它们被埋在地下，以保存它们创作的图像。纳粹电影把一个外星人的故事投射到被俘的人民身上，但这些隐藏的图像直接对我们说话，它们的作者从受害者变成了目击者。地缘政治纠葛往往扭曲了人道主义理想。赫尔穆特·菲利普·奥斯特(Helmut Philipp Aust)讲述了俄罗斯外交官和律师安德列尔·曼德尔施塔姆(andr Mandelstam)高尚的声明以及他的反土耳其种族主义，提醒我们“人类的良知”和“文明国家共同体”对《海牙法》以及《日内瓦公约》的影响有多大。现实政治也促使弗里德里希•考尔——东德战后最著名的律师——试图介入对阿道夫•艾希曼的审判。洛雷娜·德·维塔指出，保罗出现在耶路撒冷特别令人好奇，因为马克思主义对二战的解读淡化了对犹太人的谋杀，认为这是纳粹政权的典型罪行。西德律师Robert Servatius代表艾希曼，而考尔则声称自己代表艾希曼的受害者。但他的干预实际上是为了在政治上得分，通过将纳粹政权与西德政府相提并论，并试图破坏西方在国际法方面的进步。传记的一个危险之处在于，它可以将广泛的历史潮流个人化，在这种情况下，它暗示了一种伟大律师的历史观。尽管这本书对犹太人的身份和经历提出了基本的主张，但这种社会环境往往留在背景中。作者承认了雅各布·罗宾逊和奥斯卡·明策尔等被忽视的人物的贡献，并重新唤起了蕾切尔·奥尔巴赫和海伦·西尔文等被遗忘的女性的声音。但其他数据却不见了。带头揭露亚美尼亚种族灭绝的德裔美国律师亨利·摩根索(Henry Morgenthau)大使根本没有出现。然而，在其他方面，传记是至关重要的。丹尼尔•斯塔尔(Daniel Stahl)在题为“有用的传记”的结尾处描述了在纽伦堡法庭协助泰勒(Telford Taylor)的年轻律师本杰明•费伦茨(Benjamin Ferencz)和拉斐尔•莱姆金(Raphael Lemkin)如何分别成为国际刑事法院和自由国际主义复兴的守护神。正如斯塔尔所说，这两个人是难民，“除了法律之外没有找到家”(第199页)。他们经历的真实性与他们所信奉的教义一样，引起了强烈的共鸣。
{"title":"Book Review: The Welfare State Generation: Women, Agency and Class in Britain since 1945 by Eve Worth","authors":"Hannah Yoken","doi":"10.1177/00220094231173322b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00220094231173322b","url":null,"abstract":"tives in the ground to preserve images they had composed. The Nazi films projected an alien narrative onto a captive people, but these hidden images speak to us directly, their authors transformed from victims into witnesses. Geopolitical entanglements often contorted humanitarian ideals. Helmut Philipp Aust’s account of the Russian diplomat and lawyer André Mandelstam’s high-minded pronouncements alongside his rank anti-Turkish racism reminds us how much the ‘conscience of mankind’ and the ‘community of civilized nations’ informed the Hague Laws and to a lesser extent the Geneva Conventions. Realpolitik also drove efforts by Friedrich Kaul, East Germany’s most famous post-war lawyer, to insinuate himself into the trial of Adolph Eichmann. Lorena De Vita notes that Kaul’s presence in Jerusalem was especially curious since the Marxist reading of the Second World War downplayed the murder of Jews as a defining crime of the Nazi regime. While the West German lawyer Robert Servatius represented Eichmann, Kaul would claim to represent Eichmann’s victims. But his intervention was really designed to score political points by drawing supposed parallels between the Nazi regime and the West German government, and seeking to undermine the West’s advances in international law. A danger of biography is that it can individualize broad historical currents, suggesting, in this case, a kind of great-lawyer view of history. Despite the book’s constitutive claims about Jewish identity and experience, that social milieu often remains in the background. The authors recognise the contributions of neglected figures like Jacob Robinson and Oscar Mintzer, and revive forgotten women’s voices like those of Rachel Auerbach and Helen Silving. But other figures are missing. Ambassador Henry Morgenthau, the German-American lawyer who led the way in exposing the Armenian Genocide, doesn’t appear at all. In other ways, however, biography is crucial. In his closing essay on ‘useful biographies,’ Daniel Stahl describes how Benjamin Ferencz, the young lawyer who assisted Telford Taylor at Nuremberg, and Raphael Lemkin became the patron saints of the International Criminal Court and the revival of liberal internationalism, respectively. As Stahl puts it, the two men were refugees who ‘found no home but in the law’ (p. 199). The authenticity of their experiences resonates as loudly as the doctrines they espoused.","PeriodicalId":53857,"journal":{"name":"Casopis za Suvremenu Povijest","volume":"58 1","pages":"577 - 579"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44718008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-23DOI: 10.1177/00220094231178707
Tao Chen
During the 1950s and early 1960s, a large number of specialists from the German Democratic Republic (GDR) were sent by their government to China to assist in the latter's socialist construction, in which the GDR government had significant room to manoeuvre. These experts helped improve the GDR's economic relations with China yet during their tenure in China, they enjoyed preferential treatment from the Chinese government, and their living conditions were much better than those of the average Chinese people around them, which triggered resentment and violence from ordinary Chinese people. Meanwhile, East Germans were deeply concerned about Chinese technological catch-up via imitation and reproduction. The hierarchical system of socialist economic and technological cooperation and the legacy of technology transfer between Germany and China since the late nineteenth century were two main reasons for this predicament in bilateral relations, which undermined their cooperation even before the bilateral split became widely known.
{"title":"The Dilemma of Socialist Solidarity: East German Specialists in Mao's China, 1952–64","authors":"Tao Chen","doi":"10.1177/00220094231178707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00220094231178707","url":null,"abstract":"During the 1950s and early 1960s, a large number of specialists from the German Democratic Republic (GDR) were sent by their government to China to assist in the latter's socialist construction, in which the GDR government had significant room to manoeuvre. These experts helped improve the GDR's economic relations with China yet during their tenure in China, they enjoyed preferential treatment from the Chinese government, and their living conditions were much better than those of the average Chinese people around them, which triggered resentment and violence from ordinary Chinese people. Meanwhile, East Germans were deeply concerned about Chinese technological catch-up via imitation and reproduction. The hierarchical system of socialist economic and technological cooperation and the legacy of technology transfer between Germany and China since the late nineteenth century were two main reasons for this predicament in bilateral relations, which undermined their cooperation even before the bilateral split became widely known.","PeriodicalId":53857,"journal":{"name":"Casopis za Suvremenu Povijest","volume":"58 1","pages":"488 - 508"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49480263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-23DOI: 10.1177/00220094231173322g
Fritz Bartel
{"title":"Book Review: Not One Inch: America, Russia, and the Making of the Post-Cold War Stalemate by M.E. Sarotte","authors":"Fritz Bartel","doi":"10.1177/00220094231173322g","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00220094231173322g","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53857,"journal":{"name":"Casopis za Suvremenu Povijest","volume":"58 1","pages":"586 - 588"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47073300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-23DOI: 10.1177/00220094231173322c
Kjølv Egeland
methodology overall, approaching personal testimony as core evidence rather than supplementary source material. Nevertheless, a strength of the book is its ability to incorporate other modes of evidence, for example sociological studies, alongside women’s life stories. Worth’s aspiration – to move beyond an approach to women’s oral history that emphasises subjectivity and the ascription of meaning to memory – is valuable, yet it renders the author somewhat invisible in the creation of the oral history evidence on which the book is based. After all, oral history is an intersubjective process, where evidence is created in dialogue between the interviewer and interviewee. Where Worth does place herself into the text, she does so with grace, for example elucidating how she did not set out to explore the welfare state per se, with the theme instead emerging organically in interview after interview. Any discussion regarding the British welfare state is inherently political and this perspective is also echoed in EveWorth’s book, in which she states that women’s life experiences are inherently politicised. The Welfare State Generation is a thoroughly British history, which provides food for thought at a time when welfare provisions are once again at the top of the political agenda. Worth does not place developments in the UK into dialogue with broader global changes of the post-war era, instead astutely choosing to delve into one country’s past in an in-depth manner. This important work will hopefully inspire similar studies in other national contexts, enabling broader comparisons between welfare states and the generations of people who have built and benefitted from them.
{"title":"Book Review: Brazil in the Global Nuclear Order, 1945–2018 by Carlo Patti","authors":"Kjølv Egeland","doi":"10.1177/00220094231173322c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00220094231173322c","url":null,"abstract":"methodology overall, approaching personal testimony as core evidence rather than supplementary source material. Nevertheless, a strength of the book is its ability to incorporate other modes of evidence, for example sociological studies, alongside women’s life stories. Worth’s aspiration – to move beyond an approach to women’s oral history that emphasises subjectivity and the ascription of meaning to memory – is valuable, yet it renders the author somewhat invisible in the creation of the oral history evidence on which the book is based. After all, oral history is an intersubjective process, where evidence is created in dialogue between the interviewer and interviewee. Where Worth does place herself into the text, she does so with grace, for example elucidating how she did not set out to explore the welfare state per se, with the theme instead emerging organically in interview after interview. Any discussion regarding the British welfare state is inherently political and this perspective is also echoed in EveWorth’s book, in which she states that women’s life experiences are inherently politicised. The Welfare State Generation is a thoroughly British history, which provides food for thought at a time when welfare provisions are once again at the top of the political agenda. Worth does not place developments in the UK into dialogue with broader global changes of the post-war era, instead astutely choosing to delve into one country’s past in an in-depth manner. This important work will hopefully inspire similar studies in other national contexts, enabling broader comparisons between welfare states and the generations of people who have built and benefitted from them.","PeriodicalId":53857,"journal":{"name":"Casopis za Suvremenu Povijest","volume":"550 ","pages":"579 - 581"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41279569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-23DOI: 10.1177/00220094231173322
Mike Esbester
{"title":"Book Review: Family History, Historical Consciousness & Citizenship: A New Social History by Tanya Evans","authors":"Mike Esbester","doi":"10.1177/00220094231173322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00220094231173322","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53857,"journal":{"name":"Casopis za Suvremenu Povijest","volume":"58 1","pages":"574 - 575"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49066623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-23DOI: 10.1177/00220094231173322e
Phan Xuan Dung
{"title":"Book Review: After Saigon’s Fall: Refugees and US–Vietnamese relations, 1975–2000 by Amanda C. Demmer","authors":"Phan Xuan Dung","doi":"10.1177/00220094231173322e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00220094231173322e","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53857,"journal":{"name":"Casopis za Suvremenu Povijest","volume":"58 1","pages":"583 - 585"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47104875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-23DOI: 10.1177/00220094231173322a
Thomas W. Smith
{"title":"Book Review: Jewish-European émigré Lawyers: Twentieth Century International Humanitarian Law as Idea and Profession by Leora Bilsky and Annette Weinke (eds)","authors":"Thomas W. Smith","doi":"10.1177/00220094231173322a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00220094231173322a","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53857,"journal":{"name":"Casopis za Suvremenu Povijest","volume":"58 1","pages":"576 - 577"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48001002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-23DOI: 10.1177/00220094231173322d
Natalia Telepneva
unipolarity had profound effects on Washington’s non-proliferation approach and influence. Not only did the apparent ‘end of history’ help elevate US interests to a higher plain, the collapse of the Eastern bloc also meant that many neutral and non-aligned states lost their traditional means of escaping superpower pressure, namely the possibility of threatening to align with the opposing power bloc. Other states, most notably those in the US sphere of influence, discovered that anti-communism was no longer sufficient to staying on good terms with Washington. Unipolarity, in other words, allowed the United States to pursue a more ambitious and effective non-proliferation policy. Brazil in the Global Nuclear Order is a rich and compelling book that deserves a wide readership. It will be of great value to everyone interested in South American politics, the history of the Cold War, and the development of the global nuclear order.
{"title":"Book Review: Arrested Development: The Soviet Union in Ghana, Guinea, and Mali, 1955–1968 by Alessandro Iandolo","authors":"Natalia Telepneva","doi":"10.1177/00220094231173322d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00220094231173322d","url":null,"abstract":"unipolarity had profound effects on Washington’s non-proliferation approach and influence. Not only did the apparent ‘end of history’ help elevate US interests to a higher plain, the collapse of the Eastern bloc also meant that many neutral and non-aligned states lost their traditional means of escaping superpower pressure, namely the possibility of threatening to align with the opposing power bloc. Other states, most notably those in the US sphere of influence, discovered that anti-communism was no longer sufficient to staying on good terms with Washington. Unipolarity, in other words, allowed the United States to pursue a more ambitious and effective non-proliferation policy. Brazil in the Global Nuclear Order is a rich and compelling book that deserves a wide readership. It will be of great value to everyone interested in South American politics, the history of the Cold War, and the development of the global nuclear order.","PeriodicalId":53857,"journal":{"name":"Casopis za Suvremenu Povijest","volume":"58 1","pages":"581 - 583"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44064284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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