Pub Date : 2022-12-15DOI: 10.1177/00220094221130400e
Katja Seidel
given safe seats in the first place. The book also offers, then, an account of how incredibly hard these women worked to serve their constituents and to maintain and advance their own careers. There are two chapters on each of the five women, the first generally covering their early life and career up to the point of being appointed to a cabinet post and the second on their cabinet ministerial work itself. There are good reasons for structuring the book in this way, allowing readers to learn about the individual cabinet ministers in context. However, a chapter or more that then stepped back and considered what these women’s careers might tell us collectively, or which considered the peculiarities and specificities of being Labour cabinet ministers, or which considered more deeply the mechanics of gender and the workings of gendered expectations and stereotypes, would have been welcome. Similarly, there are at times some generalizations about Labour government policy, including towards women and feminist issues that need further unpacking and nuancing. Still, the book is very welcome for the level of detail and new insights it provides. It will serve as an important text on the topic and its accessible style means that it will have appeal to academic readers, to students at all levels and to a wider readership.
{"title":"Book Review: Project Europe: A History by Kiran Klaus Patel","authors":"Katja Seidel","doi":"10.1177/00220094221130400e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00220094221130400e","url":null,"abstract":"given safe seats in the first place. The book also offers, then, an account of how incredibly hard these women worked to serve their constituents and to maintain and advance their own careers. There are two chapters on each of the five women, the first generally covering their early life and career up to the point of being appointed to a cabinet post and the second on their cabinet ministerial work itself. There are good reasons for structuring the book in this way, allowing readers to learn about the individual cabinet ministers in context. However, a chapter or more that then stepped back and considered what these women’s careers might tell us collectively, or which considered the peculiarities and specificities of being Labour cabinet ministers, or which considered more deeply the mechanics of gender and the workings of gendered expectations and stereotypes, would have been welcome. Similarly, there are at times some generalizations about Labour government policy, including towards women and feminist issues that need further unpacking and nuancing. Still, the book is very welcome for the level of detail and new insights it provides. It will serve as an important text on the topic and its accessible style means that it will have appeal to academic readers, to students at all levels and to a wider readership.","PeriodicalId":53857,"journal":{"name":"Casopis za Suvremenu Povijest","volume":"58 1","pages":"208 - 210"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47952204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-15DOI: 10.1177/00220094221130400c
Laura Fasanaro
how technocratic (or other) internationalism(s) works on the ground. Kristy Ironside’s chapter about American progressive writers and their struggle for royalties from the Soviet Union in the mid-to-late 1950s is a fascinating study of unreturned ‘internationalist love’ through the lens of the increasingly frustrated author Howard Fast. The last part both applies a global perspective to European imperial internationalism and provincializes Europe’s role in developmental internationalism in the postwar era. This reader is left wondering why, in a volume dedicated to internationalists in European history – the connections between internationalism and Europeanism – the international governmental and non-governmental organizations and the many European organizations are left almost completely unexplored. Grumbling about what could have been in the volume is, of course, unfair. Internationalists in European History offers a perspective on internationalism that is deeply under-appreciated: a focus on resistance, ambivalence, miscommunication, disconnects and destructive silences – both in the interwar and the Cold War era. The volume reminds us that ‘doing’ internationalism – particularly in the peripheries of Europe (see, for instance, Elidor Mëhili’s chapter on Radio Tirana) – was anything but smooth sailing. Indeed, the constant need to overcome technical, ideological, and geographical hurdles demanded a rare combination of conviction and improvisation from this volume’s protagonists. A focus on this – from below – is very welcome.
{"title":"Book Review: Between Containment and Rollback. The United States and the Cold War in Germany by Christian F. Ostermann","authors":"Laura Fasanaro","doi":"10.1177/00220094221130400c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00220094221130400c","url":null,"abstract":"how technocratic (or other) internationalism(s) works on the ground. Kristy Ironside’s chapter about American progressive writers and their struggle for royalties from the Soviet Union in the mid-to-late 1950s is a fascinating study of unreturned ‘internationalist love’ through the lens of the increasingly frustrated author Howard Fast. The last part both applies a global perspective to European imperial internationalism and provincializes Europe’s role in developmental internationalism in the postwar era. This reader is left wondering why, in a volume dedicated to internationalists in European history – the connections between internationalism and Europeanism – the international governmental and non-governmental organizations and the many European organizations are left almost completely unexplored. Grumbling about what could have been in the volume is, of course, unfair. Internationalists in European History offers a perspective on internationalism that is deeply under-appreciated: a focus on resistance, ambivalence, miscommunication, disconnects and destructive silences – both in the interwar and the Cold War era. The volume reminds us that ‘doing’ internationalism – particularly in the peripheries of Europe (see, for instance, Elidor Mëhili’s chapter on Radio Tirana) – was anything but smooth sailing. Indeed, the constant need to overcome technical, ideological, and geographical hurdles demanded a rare combination of conviction and improvisation from this volume’s protagonists. A focus on this – from below – is very welcome.","PeriodicalId":53857,"journal":{"name":"Casopis za Suvremenu Povijest","volume":"58 1","pages":"205 - 207"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43880898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-15DOI: 10.1177/00220094221130400a
Charlotte Faucher
{"title":"Book Review: Migrant City: A New History of London by Panikos Panayi","authors":"Charlotte Faucher","doi":"10.1177/00220094221130400a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00220094221130400a","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53857,"journal":{"name":"Casopis za Suvremenu Povijest","volume":"58 1","pages":"202 - 203"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48722037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-15DOI: 10.1177/00220094221130400i
D. Killingray
{"title":"Book Review: Embers of Empire in Brexit Britain by Stuart Ward and Astrid Rasch (eds)","authors":"D. Killingray","doi":"10.1177/00220094221130400i","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00220094221130400i","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53857,"journal":{"name":"Casopis za Suvremenu Povijest","volume":"58 1","pages":"215 - 217"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44004084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-15DOI: 10.1177/00220094221130400d
H. Glew
{"title":"Book Review: Labour Women in Power: Cabinet Ministers in the Twentieth Century by Paula Bartley","authors":"H. Glew","doi":"10.1177/00220094221130400d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00220094221130400d","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53857,"journal":{"name":"Casopis za Suvremenu Povijest","volume":"58 1","pages":"207 - 208"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42177870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-05DOI: 10.1177/00220094221141665
Andrea Martini
After the end of Second World War, fascist movements re-emerged in many areas of Europe. This forced governments to consider counter-measures from the early days of the Cold War, when communism was seen as the main threat. Nevertheless, even studies produced in recent decades aimed at exploring the immediate postwar history of Europe using a more accurate and comprehensive approach than in the past have failed to pay sufficient attention to this issue. In response, this article aims to place new emphasis on the re-emergence of fascism by comparing the behaviour of the Labour governments of postwar Britain with the attitude of the various Italian executives of the first legislature, characterized by Christian Democracy majorities. Through this comparison, the article will demonstrate how this re-emergence represented a comprehensive challenge to the process of defining a new democratic culture, since it raised questions about the right way to tackle extreme political movements while also preserving essential pillars of democracy, such as freedom of expression and assembly. The comparison also explores how governments attempted to confront this issue with solutions that also had the potential of undermining the communist threat, in a moment when governments believed that democracy was in need of protection.
{"title":"The Re-emergence of Fascism and Its Impact on European Democracies in the Immediate Postwar Period","authors":"Andrea Martini","doi":"10.1177/00220094221141665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00220094221141665","url":null,"abstract":"After the end of Second World War, fascist movements re-emerged in many areas of Europe. This forced governments to consider counter-measures from the early days of the Cold War, when communism was seen as the main threat. Nevertheless, even studies produced in recent decades aimed at exploring the immediate postwar history of Europe using a more accurate and comprehensive approach than in the past have failed to pay sufficient attention to this issue. In response, this article aims to place new emphasis on the re-emergence of fascism by comparing the behaviour of the Labour governments of postwar Britain with the attitude of the various Italian executives of the first legislature, characterized by Christian Democracy majorities. Through this comparison, the article will demonstrate how this re-emergence represented a comprehensive challenge to the process of defining a new democratic culture, since it raised questions about the right way to tackle extreme political movements while also preserving essential pillars of democracy, such as freedom of expression and assembly. The comparison also explores how governments attempted to confront this issue with solutions that also had the potential of undermining the communist threat, in a moment when governments believed that democracy was in need of protection.","PeriodicalId":53857,"journal":{"name":"Casopis za Suvremenu Povijest","volume":"58 1","pages":"287 - 310"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46866123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-15DOI: 10.1177/00220094221136799
Hugh Pattenden
This article explores the ways in which the two main African nationalist opposition groups in Rhodesia portrayed Britain in their media output. It uses a variety of sources, including newspapers, magazines, radio, and television programmes to recreate the key messages of the Zimbabwe African National Union and Zimbabwe African People's Union during the Unilateral Declaration of Independence period (1965–80). It argues that both groups recognised the importance of using propaganda for political purposes and developed an image of Britain as they believed it should be seen by the World. It further suggests, however, that this depiction of Britain was not always consistently applied, and that wider pressures can be seen at play. At times they claimed that the British were on the side of the rebellious settlers, and not to be trusted. Yet on other occasions they keenly asserted that, as the colonial power, the British Government had responsibility for Rhodesia and should be the focus of negotiations. In looking at these issues, this exploration of the propaganda war seeks to expand the historiography of Britain, Rhodesia, and the Zimbabwean nationalist movement.
{"title":"The Representation of the British Government in Zimbabwean Nationalist Propaganda, 1965–80","authors":"Hugh Pattenden","doi":"10.1177/00220094221136799","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00220094221136799","url":null,"abstract":"This article explores the ways in which the two main African nationalist opposition groups in Rhodesia portrayed Britain in their media output. It uses a variety of sources, including newspapers, magazines, radio, and television programmes to recreate the key messages of the Zimbabwe African National Union and Zimbabwe African People's Union during the Unilateral Declaration of Independence period (1965–80). It argues that both groups recognised the importance of using propaganda for political purposes and developed an image of Britain as they believed it should be seen by the World. It further suggests, however, that this depiction of Britain was not always consistently applied, and that wider pressures can be seen at play. At times they claimed that the British were on the side of the rebellious settlers, and not to be trusted. Yet on other occasions they keenly asserted that, as the colonial power, the British Government had responsibility for Rhodesia and should be the focus of negotiations. In looking at these issues, this exploration of the propaganda war seeks to expand the historiography of Britain, Rhodesia, and the Zimbabwean nationalist movement.","PeriodicalId":53857,"journal":{"name":"Casopis za Suvremenu Povijest","volume":"58 1","pages":"152 - 176"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45978855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-14DOI: 10.1177/00220094221133738
A. Jansen
{"title":"Erratum to Introduction: Biomedicine in Contemporary History","authors":"A. Jansen","doi":"10.1177/00220094221133738","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00220094221133738","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53857,"journal":{"name":"Casopis za Suvremenu Povijest","volume":"58 1","pages":"218 - 218"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46974016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-13DOI: 10.1177/00220094221136809
R. Ventresca
This article focuses on the historical reasons, and the main political implications of Italy's anti-inflationary commitment between the mid-1970s and the early-1980s. This study examines the broader climate of opinion within which Italy's economic and monetary authorities – that is, the Bank of Italy – changed or adapted their main attitudes regarding the existence of high inflation rates throughout the 1970s and early 1980s in accordance with an emergent international (i.e. the European Monetary System) anti-inflationary consensus. This article first explores the main political and social steps of Italy's prioritization of anti-inflationary goals as they were envisaged by the central bank and its governmental interlocutors. Second, it retraces the run-up to the ‘divorce’ between the Bank of Italy and the Treasury in July 1981. Here the ‘divorce’ is conceptualized as a counter-reaction of specific strands of Italy's ruling class (namely those who revolved around the central bank) against the volatility of public finance performances and what was deemed as the seeming elusiveness of Italy's governmental parties regarding the need to restore the country's financial stability. Finally, this article reflects on the historical meaning of Italy's anti-inflationary commitment as part of the global emergence of stability-oriented monetary policies.
{"title":"Anti-Inflationary Commitment in the Post-Bretton Woods Era: Italy's Road to Stability-Oriented Monetary Policies, 1975–81","authors":"R. Ventresca","doi":"10.1177/00220094221136809","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00220094221136809","url":null,"abstract":"This article focuses on the historical reasons, and the main political implications of Italy's anti-inflationary commitment between the mid-1970s and the early-1980s. This study examines the broader climate of opinion within which Italy's economic and monetary authorities – that is, the Bank of Italy – changed or adapted their main attitudes regarding the existence of high inflation rates throughout the 1970s and early 1980s in accordance with an emergent international (i.e. the European Monetary System) anti-inflationary consensus. This article first explores the main political and social steps of Italy's prioritization of anti-inflationary goals as they were envisaged by the central bank and its governmental interlocutors. Second, it retraces the run-up to the ‘divorce’ between the Bank of Italy and the Treasury in July 1981. Here the ‘divorce’ is conceptualized as a counter-reaction of specific strands of Italy's ruling class (namely those who revolved around the central bank) against the volatility of public finance performances and what was deemed as the seeming elusiveness of Italy's governmental parties regarding the need to restore the country's financial stability. Finally, this article reflects on the historical meaning of Italy's anti-inflationary commitment as part of the global emergence of stability-oriented monetary policies.","PeriodicalId":53857,"journal":{"name":"Casopis za Suvremenu Povijest","volume":"58 1","pages":"177 - 199"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41889352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-10DOI: 10.1177/00220094221136817
Emanuele Ertola
The literature on decolonization in settler contexts is characterized by an almost exclusive focus on the Anglo-French world, and by a marked emphasis on violence as the predominant feature of the settlers’ reaction to change. This article aims to challenge this assumption. Eritrea – like the other former Italian colonies – is certainly a peculiar case of early, top-down decolonization; but the actors on the field were anything but passive spectators. In the 10 years in which the international community decided the fate of Eritrea, there were a lively political confrontation and an armed struggle with anti-colonial nuances, while the settlers organized themselves politically to defend their interests. The complex variety of strategies with which they reacted to the end of colonial power constitutes an example of the non-binary relationship between former colonizers and former colonized; it enriches our knowledge of how whites reacted to decolonization in Africa; and it helps to complicate the monolithic idea of settlers as an undifferentiated transnational category.
{"title":"Blowing Against the Winds of Change: Settlers Facing Decolonization in Eritrea, 1941–52","authors":"Emanuele Ertola","doi":"10.1177/00220094221136817","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00220094221136817","url":null,"abstract":"The literature on decolonization in settler contexts is characterized by an almost exclusive focus on the Anglo-French world, and by a marked emphasis on violence as the predominant feature of the settlers’ reaction to change. This article aims to challenge this assumption. Eritrea – like the other former Italian colonies – is certainly a peculiar case of early, top-down decolonization; but the actors on the field were anything but passive spectators. In the 10 years in which the international community decided the fate of Eritrea, there were a lively political confrontation and an armed struggle with anti-colonial nuances, while the settlers organized themselves politically to defend their interests. The complex variety of strategies with which they reacted to the end of colonial power constitutes an example of the non-binary relationship between former colonizers and former colonized; it enriches our knowledge of how whites reacted to decolonization in Africa; and it helps to complicate the monolithic idea of settlers as an undifferentiated transnational category.","PeriodicalId":53857,"journal":{"name":"Casopis za Suvremenu Povijest","volume":"58 1","pages":"71 - 91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41729874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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