In this paper, we considered the occurrence of extreme short-term rainfall in the region of Rijeka city, analyzed the extreme values, and commented on application of the results. We estimated the maximum precipitation amounts for different occurrence probabilities (return periods) for time intervals of 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 60 minutes, as well as 2, 4, 8, 12 and 24 hours, using data taken at the Rijeka meteorological station over periods of 1958-2011 and 1958-2012. Additionally, we evaluated the extremity of a heavy rainfall event that affected the city of Rijeka on September 12th, 2012. Using absolute extremes recorded for time intervals of 20 minutes to 2 hours, we accounted for precipitation peaks to calculate new intensity-duration-return period curves for Rijeka. In this way, we revised the precipitation input parameters used to plan and design urban drainage systems. This revision included significant changes for durations of 20, 30, and 40 minutes, for which the amounts recorded on September 12th, 2012 had return periods of longer than 100 years.
{"title":"ESTIMATON OF MAXIMUM SHORT-TERM PRECIPITATION OVER THE RIJEKA REGION","authors":"M. Gajić-Čapka, N. Ozanic, N. Krvavica","doi":"10.13167/2014.9.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13167/2014.9.6","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we considered the occurrence of extreme short-term rainfall in the region of Rijeka city, analyzed the extreme values, and commented on application of the results. We estimated the maximum precipitation amounts for different occurrence probabilities (return periods) for time intervals of 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 60 minutes, as well as 2, 4, 8, 12 and 24 hours, using data taken at the Rijeka meteorological station over periods of 1958-2011 and 1958-2012. Additionally, we evaluated the extremity of a heavy rainfall event that affected the city of Rijeka on September 12th, 2012. Using absolute extremes recorded for time intervals of 20 minutes to 2 hours, we accounted for precipitation peaks to calculate new intensity-duration-return period curves for Rijeka. In this way, we revised the precipitation input parameters used to plan and design urban drainage systems. This revision included significant changes for durations of 20, 30, and 40 minutes, for which the amounts recorded on September 12th, 2012 had return periods of longer than 100 years.","PeriodicalId":53887,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Journal of the Faculty of Civil Engineering Osijek-e-GFOS","volume":"128 1","pages":"49-59"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2014-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66265980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Čukman, Luka Jelenković, Lucija Karaula LucijaKaraula
{"title":"COMPARISON OF MODULY OF ELASTICITY OBTAINED BY NON-DESTRUCTIVE AND DESTRUCTIVE TESTS OF TIMBER SAMPLES","authors":"M. Čukman, Luka Jelenković, Lucija Karaula LucijaKaraula","doi":"10.13167/2014.9.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13167/2014.9.1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53887,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Journal of the Faculty of Civil Engineering Osijek-e-GFOS","volume":"5 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2014-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66266024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In many seismic areas, reinforced-concrete frames are filled with masonry infill walls. The behavior of these structural composite systems are difficu
在许多地震区，钢筋混凝土框架用砌体填充墙填充。这些结构复合体系的性能很难研究
{"title":"SIMPLIFIED APPROACHES FOR MODELING INFILLED FRAMES","authors":"M. Teni, M. Grubišić, I. Guljaš","doi":"10.13167/2014.9.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13167/2014.9.8","url":null,"abstract":"In many seismic areas, reinforced-concrete frames are filled with masonry infill walls. The behavior of these structural composite systems are difficu","PeriodicalId":53887,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Journal of the Faculty of Civil Engineering Osijek-e-GFOS","volume":"5 1","pages":"70-88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2014-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66265996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The base layer of a multi-layered pavement structure is often a cement-bound material, which combines an aggregate with cement binder. This load-bearing layer is quite rigid, which improves pavement properties, including frost resistance, and extends the life cycle of the pavement. In geographic areas with low temperatures and significant ground water, the bearing capacity of pavement structures can be reduced by volume deformations from freezing and thawing. Cold winters and frost-susceptible soil are present in eastern Croatia and in the city of Osijek. Thus, in this paper we examine the frost susceptibility of cement-bound aggregates, made with materials commonly used in Croatia, in accordance with the current Croatian standard HRN U.B1.050 and a new European standard EN 13286-54. The test mixtures did not meet the conditions for frost-resistant materials. To meet these conditions, one must use a higher cement ratio or a cement with a higher strength class.
{"title":"COMPARISON OF CROATIAN AND EUROPEAN STANDARDS FOR DETERMINING THE FROST SUSCEPTIBILITY OF HYDRAULICALLY BOUND MIXTURES","authors":"Elena Ovad, I. Barišić, M. Zagvozda","doi":"10.13167/2014.9.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13167/2014.9.5","url":null,"abstract":"The base layer of a multi-layered pavement structure is often a cement-bound material, which combines an aggregate with cement binder. This load-bearing layer is quite rigid, which improves pavement properties, including frost resistance, and extends the life cycle of the pavement. In geographic areas with low temperatures and significant ground water, the bearing capacity of pavement structures can be reduced by volume deformations from freezing and thawing. Cold winters and frost-susceptible soil are present in eastern Croatia and in the city of Osijek. Thus, in this paper we examine the frost susceptibility of cement-bound aggregates, made with materials commonly used in Croatia, in accordance with the current Croatian standard HRN U.B1.050 and a new European standard EN 13286-54. The test mixtures did not meet the conditions for frost-resistant materials. To meet these conditions, one must use a higher cement ratio or a cement with a higher strength class.","PeriodicalId":53887,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Journal of the Faculty of Civil Engineering Osijek-e-GFOS","volume":"5 1","pages":"41-48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2014-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66265918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper, we study the maintenance of city parking facilities (CPFs), specifically on modeling and support for decision-making related to planning CPF maintenance. Managing the maintenance of CPFs is complicated because it is a multi-disciplinary problem involving many participants, huge quantities of information, limited budgets, and conflicts of goals and criteria. These facts indicate that the decision-making processes in managing the maintenance of CPFs are ill-defined problems. To help maintenance managers cope with this complexity, we propose an approach that combines analytic hierarchy processing (AHP) and PROMETHEE multicriteria methods, and apply this approach to a priority-setting problem. After assessing the conditions of existing CPFs and the planned states of those CPFs, our approach produced a goal tree and criteria, and defined possible actions for the parking facilities. Representatives of stakeholders provided criteria weights by applying the AHP method. Using PROMETHEE II, we ranked the priorities, and the PROMETHEE V method allowed us to define the implementation phases of maintenance, producing the final maintenance plan. We validated our concept in the city of Split.
{"title":"Decision support concept for managing the maintenance of city parking facilities","authors":"Niksa Jajac, I. Marović, M. Baucic","doi":"10.13167/2014.9.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13167/2014.9.7","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we study the maintenance of city parking facilities (CPFs), specifically on modeling and support for decision-making related to planning CPF maintenance. Managing the maintenance of CPFs is complicated because it is a multi-disciplinary problem involving many participants, huge quantities of information, limited budgets, and conflicts of goals and criteria. These facts indicate that the decision-making processes in managing the maintenance of CPFs are ill-defined problems. To help maintenance managers cope with this complexity, we propose an approach that combines analytic hierarchy processing (AHP) and PROMETHEE multicriteria methods, and apply this approach to a priority-setting problem. After assessing the conditions of existing CPFs and the planned states of those CPFs, our approach produced a goal tree and criteria, and defined possible actions for the parking facilities. Representatives of stakeholders provided criteria weights by applying the AHP method. Using PROMETHEE II, we ranked the priorities, and the PROMETHEE V method allowed us to define the implementation phases of maintenance, producing the final maintenance plan. We validated our concept in the city of Split.","PeriodicalId":53887,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Journal of the Faculty of Civil Engineering Osijek-e-GFOS","volume":"5 1","pages":"60-69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2014-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.13167/2014.9.7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66265988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Serviceability limit state (SLS) due to pedestrian-induced vibrations should be checked for bridges with fundamental natural frequency less than 5 Hz. In those cases the vibration serviceability requirement should be fulfilled. In current codes and designer´s guidelines the vibration serviceability requirement is determined as a pedestrian comfort criteria thought terms of maximum acceptable acceleration of any part of the bridge deck, although the comfort criteria can be defined as maximum acceptable deflection or velocity at the most unfavourable part of the bridge deck. The design models of dynamic pedestrian load for SLS verification are based on the experimental models of dynamic pedestrian load, but a static component (pedestrian weight) is omitted from the design models of pedestrian load in vertical direction. Justification of omitting the static component from design models is studied through comparison of dynamic response of different single span bridge deck structures with frequency of 2 Hz to design and experimental pedestrian load models. From conducted numerical analysis and comparison of structural response to design and experimental load models it is shown that omitting of the static component is entirely proper in cases when comfort criteria is based on terms of maximum acceptable bridge deck velocity or acceleration.
{"title":"OMITTING THE STATIC COMPONENT FROM DESIGN DYNAMIC MODELS OF PEDESTRIAN LOAD","authors":"I. Š. Grandić","doi":"10.13167/2014.9.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13167/2014.9.2","url":null,"abstract":"Serviceability limit state (SLS) due to pedestrian-induced vibrations should be checked for bridges with fundamental natural frequency less than 5 Hz. In those cases the vibration serviceability requirement should be fulfilled. In current codes and designer´s guidelines the vibration serviceability requirement is determined as a pedestrian comfort criteria thought terms of maximum acceptable acceleration of any part of the bridge deck, although the comfort criteria can be defined as maximum acceptable deflection or velocity at the most unfavourable part of the bridge deck. The design models of dynamic pedestrian load for SLS verification are based on the experimental models of dynamic pedestrian load, but a static component (pedestrian weight) is omitted from the design models of pedestrian load in vertical direction. Justification of omitting the static component from design models is studied through comparison of dynamic response of different single span bridge deck structures with frequency of 2 Hz to design and experimental pedestrian load models. From conducted numerical analysis and comparison of structural response to design and experimental load models it is shown that omitting of the static component is entirely proper in cases when comfort criteria is based on terms of maximum acceptable bridge deck velocity or acceleration.","PeriodicalId":53887,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Journal of the Faculty of Civil Engineering Osijek-e-GFOS","volume":"9 1","pages":"11-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2014-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66265840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper provides a systematic review of research on glued laminated timber beams with circular and rectangular openings. Experiments on girders with unreinforced openings varied several parameters, including the girder span and shape, opening position and shape, and the relationship between the stress state near the opening and the ratio of opening size to girder size. We compare experimental results with recommendations given by DIN 1052:2004-08, DIN EN 1995-1-1/NA: 2010, prEN 1995-1-1: Final Draft, analytical expressions, and other relevant standards, as well as with the results of numerical models using the finite element method. Because of its myriad complexities and uncertainties, this area remains open for further research and for implementation of that research into practical design guidelines and rules.
本文对圆形开口和矩形开口胶合层合木梁的研究进行了系统的综述。未加筋开孔梁的试验改变了梁跨与形、开孔位置与形、开孔附近应力状态与开孔尺寸与梁尺寸之比的关系等参数。我们将实验结果与DIN 1052:2004-08、DIN EN 1995-1-1/NA: 2010、prEN 1995-1-1:最终草案、解析表达式和其他相关标准的建议以及使用有限元方法的数值模型结果进行了比较。由于其无数的复杂性和不确定性，这一领域仍然需要进一步的研究，并将这些研究应用到实际的设计指南和规则中。
{"title":"GLULAM BEAMS WITH HOLES","authors":"M. Jeleč, D. Varevac, Jurko Zovkić","doi":"10.13167/2014.9.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13167/2014.9.3","url":null,"abstract":"This paper provides a systematic review of research on glued laminated timber beams with circular and rectangular openings. Experiments on girders with unreinforced openings varied several parameters, including the girder span and shape, opening position and shape, and the relationship between the stress state near the opening and the ratio of opening size to girder size. We compare experimental results with recommendations given by DIN 1052:2004-08, DIN EN 1995-1-1/NA: 2010, prEN 1995-1-1: Final Draft, analytical expressions, and other relevant standards, as well as with the results of numerical models using the finite element method. Because of its myriad complexities and uncertainties, this area remains open for further research and for implementation of that research into practical design guidelines and rules.","PeriodicalId":53887,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Journal of the Faculty of Civil Engineering Osijek-e-GFOS","volume":"5 1","pages":"22-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2014-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66265894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Reinforced-concrete frames with masonry infill are composite systems, common in low and medium-high buildings, whose behavior under earthquake loads i
砌体填充钢筋混凝土框架是中低层建筑中常见的一种复合结构体系，其在地震荷载作用下的性能为
{"title":"COMPARISON OF NON-LINEAR MASONRY INFILL MACRO-MODELS","authors":"T. Šipoš, V. Sigmund","doi":"10.13167/2014.8.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13167/2014.8.6","url":null,"abstract":"Reinforced-concrete frames with masonry infill are composite systems, common in low and medium-high buildings, whose behavior under earthquake loads i","PeriodicalId":53887,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Journal of the Faculty of Civil Engineering Osijek-e-GFOS","volume":"264 1","pages":"44-55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2014-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66265969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Waste tires must be recycled in environmentally safe ways that meet civil engineering concerns while fulfilling standards for construction materials. Used tires can be processed into rubber powders with particle sizes of 0–2 mm, a suitable fine aggregate for mixing into road pavements. We tested asphalt mixtures with rubber added using the dry method, comparing their properties with a traditional mixture. We tested asphalt–rubber mixtures with rubber incorporated at either ambient temperature or preheated. Rubberized and traditional asphalt concretes compared well in void content, indirect tensile strength ratio, rut depth, and wheel-track slope. After optimizing the rubber content added, we laid an experimental road course with the asphalt–rubber mixture.
{"title":"INVESTIGATION OF ASPHALT PAVEMENT WITH ADDED CRUMB RUBBER","authors":"J. Mandula, T. Olexa, Mariya Holubka, B. Salaiová","doi":"10.13167/2014.8.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13167/2014.8.3","url":null,"abstract":"Waste tires must be recycled in environmentally safe ways that meet civil engineering concerns while fulfilling standards for construction materials. Used tires can be processed into rubber powders with particle sizes of 0–2 mm, a suitable fine aggregate for mixing into road pavements. We tested asphalt mixtures with rubber added using the dry method, comparing their properties with a traditional mixture. We tested asphalt–rubber mixtures with rubber incorporated at either ambient temperature or preheated. Rubberized and traditional asphalt concretes compared well in void content, indirect tensile strength ratio, rut depth, and wheel-track slope. After optimizing the rubber content added, we laid an experimental road course with the asphalt–rubber mixture.","PeriodicalId":53887,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Journal of the Faculty of Civil Engineering Osijek-e-GFOS","volume":"5 1","pages":"19-26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2014-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66265942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We analyzed the load and deformation in hollow beams made from multilayered glass-fiber-reinforced polymer, specifically assessing deformation under c
我们分析了由多层玻璃纤维增强聚合物制成的空心梁的载荷和变形，特别评估了c下的变形
{"title":"DEFORMATION IN MULTILAYER FIBERGLASS BEAMS AT DIFFERENT POSITIONS OF CONCENTRATED LOAD","authors":"Sanja Junušić, Tihomir Štefić, Aleksandar Jurić","doi":"10.13167/2014.8.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13167/2014.8.4","url":null,"abstract":"We analyzed the load and deformation in hollow beams made from multilayered glass-fiber-reinforced polymer, specifically assessing deformation under c","PeriodicalId":53887,"journal":{"name":"Electronic Journal of the Faculty of Civil Engineering Osijek-e-GFOS","volume":"50 1","pages":"27-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2014-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66265949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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