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The Predicament of Practical Reason 实践理性的困境
2区 哲学 0 PHILOSOPHY Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1017/s1369415423000201
Jakob Huber
Abstract According to Lea Ypi, Kant’s attempt in the first Critique to unify reason via the practical route fails because his notion of purposiveness as design commits him to a dogmatic metaphysics. I challenge this claim on two grounds. First, I argue that practical reason does not have an interest in a strong modal connection that guarantees the unity of freedom and nature rather than a weak modal connection that merely affirms the possibility of our ends. Second, I highlight that the epistemic status of practical ideas is one of faith or hope rather than knowledge. Hence, Kant’s attempt to unify reason via the practical route can be reconstructed in a way that is largely in line with the commitments of his critical philosophy.
伊皮认为,康德在《第一批判》中试图通过实践路线统一理性的尝试失败了,因为他的目的性即设计的概念使他陷入了教条主义的形而上学。我从两个方面质疑这种说法。首先,我认为实践理性对保证自由和自然统一的强模态联系不感兴趣,而对仅仅肯定我们的目的的可能性的弱模态联系不感兴趣。其次,我强调实用观念的认识论地位是一种信仰或希望,而不是知识。因此,康德通过实践路线统一理性的尝试可以在很大程度上与他的批判哲学的承诺相一致的方式进行重构。
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引用次数: 0
Henry E. Allison (1937–2023) 亨利·埃里森(1937-2023)
2区 哲学 0 PHILOSOPHY Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1017/s1369415423000353
Luigi Caranti
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引用次数: 0
Constructing Reason 建设的原因
2区 哲学 0 PHILOSOPHY Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1017/s1369415423000225
Sofie Møller
Abstract In The Architectonic of Reason , Lea Ypi provides an illuminating and innovative interpretation of the Architectonic in the first Critique . Ypi argues that Kant’s project of uniting practical and theoretical uses of reason in a critical metaphysics ultimately fails because practical reason does not have its own domain in which to legislate. This article challenges Ypi’s objection to practical reason’s lack of a domain in the first Critique . Its main contention is that reason’s need for unity in legislation may be satisfied by a belief in God as a necessary practical presupposition rather than a dogmatic metaphysical reality.
在《理性的建筑学》一书中,李·伊皮对《第一批判》中的建筑学进行了富有启发性和创新性的阐释。伊皮认为,康德在批判形而上学中统一理性的实践和理论用途的计划最终失败了,因为实践理性没有自己的立法领域。本文挑战了伊皮对实践理性在第一批判中缺乏域的反对。它的主要论点是,理性在立法中对统一性的需要,可以通过相信上帝作为必要的实践前提而不是教条的形而上学现实来满足。
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引用次数: 0
Jeffrey Church, Kant, Liberalism, and the Meaning of Life Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2022 Pp. 305 ISBN 9780197633182 (hbk) $74.00 杰弗里·丘奇,康德,自由主义和生命的意义牛津:牛津大学出版社,2022年Pp. 305 ISBN 9780197633182 (hbk) $74.00
2区 哲学 0 PHILOSOPHY Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1017/s136941542300016x
Nicholas A. Anderson
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引用次数: 0
The Schematism of Reason from the Dialectic to the Architectonic 从辩证法到建筑学的理性图式论
2区 哲学 0 PHILOSOPHY Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1017/s1369415423000237
Luigi Filieri
Abstract In The Architectonic of Reason Lea Ypi argues that Kant ultimately fails in his attempt at grounding the systematic unity of reason because of the lack of the practical domain of freedom in the first Critique . I aim to advance a more nuanced reading of Kant’s alleged failure by (1) distinguishing between the schematism of the ideas in the Appendix to the Transcendental Dialectic and the schematism of pure reason in the Architectonic. (2) I suggest that, while the practical domain of freedom is not established in the first Critique , the Canon and the Architectonic do account for its condition: the practical employment of reason and its unity with the theoretical. I point out that while (3) the schematism of the ideas accounts for the sole systematic arrangement of the understanding’s cognitions and the regulative role of the ideas and the ideal, in the Architectonic, (4) the schematism of pure reason instead bears more generally on systematicity as reason’s way of proceeding in framing its own unitary whole and the unity between its two lawful employments.
摘要在《理性的架构》一书中,伊皮认为,由于《第一批判》中缺乏自由的实践领域,康德试图建立理性的系统统一的努力最终失败了。我的目标是通过(1)区分《先验辩证法》附录中的观念图式和《建筑学》中的纯粹理性图式,对康德所谓的失败进行更细致入时的解读。(2)我认为,虽然自由的实践领域并没有在第一批判中建立起来,但正典和架构确实说明了它的条件:理性的实践运用及其与理论的统一。我指出,虽然(3)观念的图式说明了知性认识的唯一系统安排以及观念和理想的调节作用,但在《建筑学》中,(4)纯粹理性的图式更普遍地承担了系统性,作为理性构建其自身的统一整体及其两种合法用途之间的统一的方式。
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引用次数: 0
Kant’s Ongoing Relevance for Philosophy of Science 康德与科学哲学的持续关联
2区 哲学 0 PHILOSOPHY Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1017/s1369415423000195
Andrew Jones, Andrew Cooper
Abstract In this introductory article we reconstruct several broad developments in the scholarship on Kant’s theory of natural science with a particular focus on the Anglophone context over the past half-century. Our goal is to illuminate the co-development of Kant scholarship and the philosophy of science during this period and to identify points of influence in both directions. In section 2 we present an overview of the scholarship on Kant’s account of natural laws. In section 3 we survey the diverse interpretations of Kant’s views on biology and consider recent appeals to Kant by philosophers of biology. In section 4 we explore several recent developments in philosophy of science that have potential synergies with Kant scholarship. Our aim is not simply to establish that Kant’s philosophy can have relevance for philosophy of science but also to point out where it has been and continues to be relevant. Appreciating this relevance, we suggest, can help identify productive lines of inquiry for Kant studies.
在这篇介绍性的文章中,我们重建了过去半个世纪以来康德自然科学理论学术研究的几个广泛发展,特别关注英语国家的背景。我们的目标是阐明康德学术和科学哲学在这一时期的共同发展,并确定两个方向的影响点。在第2节中,我们概述了康德关于自然法则的学术研究。在第3节中,我们调查了对康德生物学观点的不同解释,并考虑了最近生物学哲学家对康德的呼吁。在第4节中,我们探讨了科学哲学的几个最新发展,这些发展与康德学术有潜在的协同作用。我们的目的不仅仅是要确立康德哲学与科学哲学的相关性,而且要指出康德哲学过去和现在的相关性。我们认为,认识到这种相关性,可以帮助确定康德研究的生产性研究路线。
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引用次数: 0
KRV volume 28 issue 3 Cover and Front matter KRV第28卷第3期封面和封面问题
2区 哲学 0 PHILOSOPHY Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1017/s1369415423000407
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引用次数: 0
Relativizing the A Priori By Way of Reflective Judgement 用反思判断来相对化先验
2区 哲学 0 PHILOSOPHY Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1017/s1369415423000262
Sabina Vaccarino Bremner
Abstract An influential strand in philosophy of science claims that scientific paradigms can be understood as relativized a priori frameworks. Here, Kant’s constitutive a priori principles are no longer held to establish conditions of possibility for knowledge which are unchanging and universally true, but are restricted only to a given scientific domain. Yet it is unclear how exactly a relativized a priori can be construed as both stable and dynamical, establishing foundations for current scientific claims while simultaneously making intelligible the transition to a subsequent framework. In this article, I show that important resources for this problem have been overlooked in Kant’s theory of reflective judgement in the third Critique . I argue that Kant accorded the task of formulating new scientific laws to reflective judgement, which is charged with forming new ‘universals’ that guide the experience of nature. I show that this is the very task attributed to the relativized a priori: the constitution of a given conceptual framework, not of the conditions for object-reference as such. I conclude that Kant’s considered conception of science encompasses the operations of both reflective and determining judgement. Relativizations of the a priori should follow Kant’s lead.
科学哲学中一个很有影响力的流派认为,科学范式可以被理解为相对的先验框架。在这里,康德的先天构成原则不再被认为是建立不变的普遍真理的知识的可能性条件,而仅仅被限制在一个特定的科学领域。然而,目前尚不清楚的是,如何准确地将一个相对化的先验解释为既稳定又动态,为当前的科学主张奠定基础,同时使向后续框架的过渡变得容易理解。在这篇文章中,我展示了康德在《第三批判》中的反思性判断理论中忽略了这个问题的重要资源。我认为康德把形成新的科学规律的任务赋予了反思判断,而反思判断则负责形成指导自然经验的新“共相”。我指出,这正是赋予相对的先验的任务:一个给定的概念框架的构成,而不是对象参照本身的条件的构成。我的结论是,康德考虑过的科学概念包含了反思性判断和决定性判断的操作。先验的相对化应该遵循康德的领导。
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引用次数: 1
Anna Tomaszewska, Kant’s Rational Religion and the Radical Enlightenment: From Spinoza to Contemporary Debates New York: Bloomsbury Academic, 2022 Pp. 226 ISBN 9781350195844 (hbk) $143.95 《康德的理性宗教与激进启蒙:从斯宾诺莎到当代辩论》,纽约:布卢姆斯伯里学术出版社,2022年,第226页,ISBN 9781350195844 (hbk) $143.95
2区 哲学 0 PHILOSOPHY Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1017/s1369415423000171
Damian Melamedoff-Vosters
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引用次数: 0
The ‘Whole’ Truth about Biological Individuality in Kant’s Account of Living Nature 康德关于生命自然的生物个性的“整体”真理
IF 0.5 2区 哲学 0 PHILOSOPHY Pub Date : 2023-08-29 DOI: 10.1017/s1369415423000249
Anna Frammartino Wilks
Given the central place organisms occupy in Kant’s account of living nature, it might seem unlikely that his claims about biological wholes could be relevant to current debates over the problem of biological individuality. These debates acknowledge the multiple realizability of biological individuality in vastly different forms, including parts of organisms and complex groups of organisms at various levels of the biological hierarchy, sparking much controversy in attempts to characterize a biological individual. I argue that, far from being irrelevant to this controversy, Kant’s account provides a key insight for addressing the multiple realizability problem. I show how the reciprocal causality between a self-organizing whole and its parts, which Kant thinks characterizes a natural end, is not limited to organisms but is exhibited by numerous types of beings in living nature. Self-organizing wholes of various kinds, and at various biological levels, may count as biological individuals, depending on the degree to which their functionally integrated parts are represented by reflective judgement as a natural end.
考虑到有机体在康德对生命本质的描述中所占据的中心位置,他关于生物整体的主张似乎不太可能与当前关于生物个性问题的辩论相关。这些争论承认了生物个体以截然不同的形式存在的多重可实现性,包括生物层次中不同层次的生物部分和复杂的生物群,这在试图描述生物个体的特征时引发了许多争议。我认为,与这场争论毫不相干,康德的叙述为解决多重可实现性问题提供了关键的见解。我展示了自组织整体及其部分之间的互惠因果关系,康德认为这是自然目的的特征,它不仅限于生物体,而且表现在自然界中的许多类型的生物身上。在不同的生物学水平上,各种各样的自组织整体可以算作生物学个体,这取决于它们的功能整合部分在多大程度上被反思性判断作为自然目的所代表。
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引用次数: 1
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Kantian Review
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