Pub Date : 2021-03-26DOI: 10.2979/ISRAELSTUDIES.26.2.04
Reingold
ABSTRACT:Non-religious Jews in Israel may define themselves as secular, yet they often observe Jewish traditions. While not monolithic in their practice, they are far less secular on the whole than their counterparts in other western countries. Recent surveys have effectively demonstrated the different forms these religious practices take but not the rationale behind them. Six of Asaf Hanuka's 400 weekly comic strip "The Realist" provide insight into why he self-identifies as secular but observes Jewish traditions with his nuclear family on a regular basis. Hanuka is appreciative of ritual while observing it with his parents and children but when left on his own, he is either dismissive of it or else adapts it so that he can take part in the familial or communal framework.
{"title":"Secular Jewish Identity in Asaf Hanuka's \"The Realist\"","authors":"Reingold","doi":"10.2979/ISRAELSTUDIES.26.2.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/ISRAELSTUDIES.26.2.04","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT:Non-religious Jews in Israel may define themselves as secular, yet they often observe Jewish traditions. While not monolithic in their practice, they are far less secular on the whole than their counterparts in other western countries. Recent surveys have effectively demonstrated the different forms these religious practices take but not the rationale behind them. Six of Asaf Hanuka's 400 weekly comic strip \"The Realist\" provide insight into why he self-identifies as secular but observes Jewish traditions with his nuclear family on a regular basis. Hanuka is appreciative of ritual while observing it with his parents and children but when left on his own, he is either dismissive of it or else adapts it so that he can take part in the familial or communal framework.","PeriodicalId":54159,"journal":{"name":"Israel Studies","volume":"26 1","pages":"107 - 82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43302569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-26DOI: 10.2979/ISRAELSTUDIES.26.2.05
Asher Lubotzky
ABSTRACT:The article examines the early interactions between Israel and the Sahelian states of Mali and Chad. Initially, the Sahelian states viewed Israel as a unique model of development and socialism, while Israel hoped to find a moderate and accepting version of Islam. Israeli perceptions of the benign yet malleable nature of African Islam prompted efforts to protect it from negative 'Arab' influences. Nevertheless, these early assumptions quickly faded. Many Sahelians became disillusioned with Israel and sought more reliable allies, while Israel increasingly reverted to forging alliances with non-Muslim minorities and pro-Western forces in the region. Investigating early Israeli-Sahelian relations highlights the complexity of the global discourse about African Islam, illustrates the role of perceptions and expectations in shaping international relations, and adds an important layer to the analysis of African-Israeli contact in the era of decolonization.
{"title":"\"Different Islam from the One We Know in the Middle East\": Perceptions and Transformations in Early Israeli-Sahelian Relations, 1958–1965","authors":"Asher Lubotzky","doi":"10.2979/ISRAELSTUDIES.26.2.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/ISRAELSTUDIES.26.2.05","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT:The article examines the early interactions between Israel and the Sahelian states of Mali and Chad. Initially, the Sahelian states viewed Israel as a unique model of development and socialism, while Israel hoped to find a moderate and accepting version of Islam. Israeli perceptions of the benign yet malleable nature of African Islam prompted efforts to protect it from negative 'Arab' influences. Nevertheless, these early assumptions quickly faded. Many Sahelians became disillusioned with Israel and sought more reliable allies, while Israel increasingly reverted to forging alliances with non-Muslim minorities and pro-Western forces in the region. Investigating early Israeli-Sahelian relations highlights the complexity of the global discourse about African Islam, illustrates the role of perceptions and expectations in shaping international relations, and adds an important layer to the analysis of African-Israeli contact in the era of decolonization.","PeriodicalId":54159,"journal":{"name":"Israel Studies","volume":"26 1","pages":"108 - 132"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47356901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-26DOI: 10.2979/ISRAELSTUDIES.26.2.02
J. Feldman
ABSTRACT:All democracies grapple with the challenge of fostering the inclusion of marginalized minorities. Israel faces a looming economic crisis constituted by the growing population of Haredim (Ultra-Orthodox Jews) living under the poverty line. Israel's Council on Higher Education (CHE or Malag) instituted a program to integrate Haredi students into Israeli universities, and ultimately, the workforce. But the CHE plan capitulates to the Haredi claim of a "cultural right" to study in gender-segregated classrooms with male faculty, appearing to give the imprimatur of the state to gender discrimination and prompting a lawsuit that is languishing before the High Court. Detractors perceive the CHE plan as part of a broader agenda intended to dismantle liberalism, replace civil law with Torah law and erase the distinction between religion and state. Conversely, Haredim and their supporters accuse the plan's critics of mounting an attack on the Torah way of life through a campaign of forced secularization. The case occupies the intersection where the liberal commitment to individual rights collides with multicultural accommodation, bringing into sharp relief dilemmas at the core of democracy.
{"title":"Public Purposes at Cross-Purposes: Can Segregation Lead to Integration? What We Can Learn from Israel","authors":"J. Feldman","doi":"10.2979/ISRAELSTUDIES.26.2.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/ISRAELSTUDIES.26.2.02","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT:All democracies grapple with the challenge of fostering the inclusion of marginalized minorities. Israel faces a looming economic crisis constituted by the growing population of Haredim (Ultra-Orthodox Jews) living under the poverty line. Israel's Council on Higher Education (CHE or Malag) instituted a program to integrate Haredi students into Israeli universities, and ultimately, the workforce. But the CHE plan capitulates to the Haredi claim of a \"cultural right\" to study in gender-segregated classrooms with male faculty, appearing to give the imprimatur of the state to gender discrimination and prompting a lawsuit that is languishing before the High Court. Detractors perceive the CHE plan as part of a broader agenda intended to dismantle liberalism, replace civil law with Torah law and erase the distinction between religion and state. Conversely, Haredim and their supporters accuse the plan's critics of mounting an attack on the Torah way of life through a campaign of forced secularization. The case occupies the intersection where the liberal commitment to individual rights collides with multicultural accommodation, bringing into sharp relief dilemmas at the core of democracy.","PeriodicalId":54159,"journal":{"name":"Israel Studies","volume":"26 1","pages":"29 - 56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46663812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-26DOI: 10.2979/ISRAELSTUDIES.26.2.03
Eleff
ABSTRACT:The article examines the opposition to Yom Haatzmaut, Israel, Independence Day, among an influential sector of America's Orthodox Jews. The so-called Yeshiva World, or Orthodox Right, flouted observance of Yom Haatzmaut rituals, and issued strong critiques of the Religious Zionists in the Diaspora who did celebrate it. However, the opposition was not articulated as a reproach to Religious Zionism. On the contrary, the Orthodox Right's disapproval was primarily framed as a condemnation of Jewish nationalism and the denial of rabbinical sovereignty to the religious leaders of the Diaspora. Utilizing understudied responsa and rabbinical sources, this research complicates our understanding of tensions between religious leaders in Israel and the Diaspora and the factors that contributed to anti-Zionism within certain American Jewish religious quarters.
{"title":"The Yom Haatzmaut Debate and the American Yeshiva World's Declaration of Independence","authors":"Eleff","doi":"10.2979/ISRAELSTUDIES.26.2.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/ISRAELSTUDIES.26.2.03","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT:The article examines the opposition to Yom Haatzmaut, Israel, Independence Day, among an influential sector of America's Orthodox Jews. The so-called Yeshiva World, or Orthodox Right, flouted observance of Yom Haatzmaut rituals, and issued strong critiques of the Religious Zionists in the Diaspora who did celebrate it. However, the opposition was not articulated as a reproach to Religious Zionism. On the contrary, the Orthodox Right's disapproval was primarily framed as a condemnation of Jewish nationalism and the denial of rabbinical sovereignty to the religious leaders of the Diaspora. Utilizing understudied responsa and rabbinical sources, this research complicates our understanding of tensions between religious leaders in Israel and the Diaspora and the factors that contributed to anti-Zionism within certain American Jewish religious quarters.","PeriodicalId":54159,"journal":{"name":"Israel Studies","volume":"26 1","pages":"57 - 81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48719027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-26DOI: 10.2979/ISRAELSTUDIES.26.2.08
Dana von Suffrin
ABSTRACT:The article examines the role of science in the Yishuv (the pre-state Jewish community in Palestine) centering specifically on the so-called Botanischer Zionismus (Botanical Zionism) group, which was led by the German–Jewish colonial botanist and Zionist, Otto Warburg. By researching the motives and ideologies behind this group, we can gain valuable insights into the wider background of the Zionist movement and its principal aims, in particular the creation of a Jewish homeland in Palestine. The article shows how the Botanical Zionists set about turning Palestine into a green and fertile land, with a focus on the agricultural experiment stations in Atlit and Rehovot (established in 1910 and 1921 respectively), and the close connection between ideology and applicability which reveals how this helped create a new type of flora, which I have termed "Hebrew flora."
{"title":"The Possibility of a Productive Palestine: Otto Warburg and Botanical Zionism","authors":"Dana von Suffrin","doi":"10.2979/ISRAELSTUDIES.26.2.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/ISRAELSTUDIES.26.2.08","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT:The article examines the role of science in the Yishuv (the pre-state Jewish community in Palestine) centering specifically on the so-called Botanischer Zionismus (Botanical Zionism) group, which was led by the German–Jewish colonial botanist and Zionist, Otto Warburg. By researching the motives and ideologies behind this group, we can gain valuable insights into the wider background of the Zionist movement and its principal aims, in particular the creation of a Jewish homeland in Palestine. The article shows how the Botanical Zionists set about turning Palestine into a green and fertile land, with a focus on the agricultural experiment stations in Atlit and Rehovot (established in 1910 and 1921 respectively), and the close connection between ideology and applicability which reveals how this helped create a new type of flora, which I have termed \"Hebrew flora.\"","PeriodicalId":54159,"journal":{"name":"Israel Studies","volume":"26 1","pages":"173 - 197"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42372695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-26DOI: 10.2979/ISRAELSTUDIES.26.2.06
Diskin
ABSTRACT:The article analyzes texts from the leading Hebrew weeklies for children during Israel's first decade and shows how journalism of this kind developed as a meaningful platform for legal and moral issues. It addresses the concern of children's journals with the laws of the newly established State of Israel and current and judicial matters in general. An exception to this preoccupation with the rule of law was the coverage of the IDF's act of retribution in the village of Qibya in Jordan (1953), in which dozens of innocent citizens, including women and children, were killed and injured. The article takes a critical look at the depiction of this act in certain weeklies for young readers as legitimate retributivism by Israeli citizens beyond state lines and distinguishes between the intention to promote legal awareness and national consciousness and the effort to mediate moral-conscientiousness and rule-of-law values.
{"title":"Legal Consciousness and Moral Conscience in Children's Weeklies During Israel's First Decade","authors":"Diskin","doi":"10.2979/ISRAELSTUDIES.26.2.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/ISRAELSTUDIES.26.2.06","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT:The article analyzes texts from the leading Hebrew weeklies for children during Israel's first decade and shows how journalism of this kind developed as a meaningful platform for legal and moral issues. It addresses the concern of children's journals with the laws of the newly established State of Israel and current and judicial matters in general. An exception to this preoccupation with the rule of law was the coverage of the IDF's act of retribution in the village of Qibya in Jordan (1953), in which dozens of innocent citizens, including women and children, were killed and injured. The article takes a critical look at the depiction of this act in certain weeklies for young readers as legitimate retributivism by Israeli citizens beyond state lines and distinguishes between the intention to promote legal awareness and national consciousness and the effort to mediate moral-conscientiousness and rule-of-law values.","PeriodicalId":54159,"journal":{"name":"Israel Studies","volume":"26 1","pages":"133 - 151"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49053351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.2979/ISRAELSTUDIES.26.2.09
Sasson
{"title":"Review Essay: Israel and American Jewry: New Israeli\u0000 Perspectives","authors":"Sasson","doi":"10.2979/ISRAELSTUDIES.26.2.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/ISRAELSTUDIES.26.2.09","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54159,"journal":{"name":"Israel Studies","volume":"26 1","pages":"198"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69731099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-05DOI: 10.2979/israelstudies.26.1.01
Eyal Zisser
ABSTRACT:The article examines the strategic calculations, assessments and dynamics behind Israel’s decision to establish the so called “Southern Syria Region” (SSR) as an undeclared security zone on the Syrian Golan Heights with the outbreak of the Syrian Civil War. The article likewise considers Israel’s policy vis-à-vis various rebel groups and other actors in the SSR and ultimately, what led Israel to end its intervention once the Syrian army returned to the area.
{"title":"“Operation Good Neighbor”— Israel and the Rise and Fall of the “Southern Syria Region” (SSR)","authors":"Eyal Zisser","doi":"10.2979/israelstudies.26.1.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2979/israelstudies.26.1.01","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT:The article examines the strategic calculations, assessments and dynamics behind Israel’s decision to establish the so called “Southern Syria Region” (SSR) as an undeclared security zone on the Syrian Golan Heights with the outbreak of the Syrian Civil War. The article likewise considers Israel’s policy vis-à-vis various rebel groups and other actors in the SSR and ultimately, what led Israel to end its intervention once the Syrian army returned to the area.","PeriodicalId":54159,"journal":{"name":"Israel Studies","volume":"26 1","pages":"1 - 23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49419241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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