Pub Date : 2025-11-30DOI: 10.1177/15248380251349786
Tim Moore, Jodi Death, Sebastian Trew, Gina Steer, Jessica Dickson
Childhood maltreatment can have profound and lasting impacts on survivors, often necessitating a raft of therapeutic and trauma-informed services. In recent studies, young survivors have highlighted the potential for sexual and relationship education (SRE) to provide young people opportunities to make sense of and seek support related to their maltreatment but have reflected that their experiences of SRE are rarely responsive to their needs. Given that many are not able to access SRE at school, they have argued for targeted programmes to be tailored to their needs. This systematic review explores what young people who have experienced maltreatment want and need from SRE in non-school settings. Drawing on seven research papers published between 2000 and 2023, where young survivors were engaged directly in qualitative studies, the paper identifies key considerations for creating trauma and survivor-informed SRE. Findings emphasise the importance of universal SRE programmes in acknowledging the link between childhood maltreatment and risk behaviours, accommodating survivors’ unique experiences and educational needs in SRE design, and addressing their heightened vulnerability to future harm. It advocates for more targeted and intensive programmes that are accessible to young survivors at key points while linking them up to services to help them reclaim their sexualities. Moreover, the study advocates for a nuanced understanding of young survivors’ resilience and the need for sensitivity when facilitating trauma-informed programmes. It stresses the value of working with survivors to shape SRE and the ways that they would like to play a role as peer educators and advocates.
{"title":"What Young People Who Have Experienced Maltreatment Want From Out-of-School Sex and Relationship Education: A Qualitative Synthesis of Participatory Research With Young People","authors":"Tim Moore, Jodi Death, Sebastian Trew, Gina Steer, Jessica Dickson","doi":"10.1177/15248380251349786","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15248380251349786","url":null,"abstract":"Childhood maltreatment can have profound and lasting impacts on survivors, often necessitating a raft of therapeutic and trauma-informed services. In recent studies, young survivors have highlighted the potential for sexual and relationship education (SRE) to provide young people opportunities to make sense of and seek support related to their maltreatment but have reflected that their experiences of SRE are rarely responsive to their needs. Given that many are not able to access SRE at school, they have argued for targeted programmes to be tailored to their needs. This systematic review explores what young people who have experienced maltreatment want and need from SRE in non-school settings. Drawing on seven research papers published between 2000 and 2023, where young survivors were engaged directly in qualitative studies, the paper identifies key considerations for creating trauma and survivor-informed SRE. Findings emphasise the importance of universal SRE programmes in acknowledging the link between childhood maltreatment and risk behaviours, accommodating survivors’ unique experiences and educational needs in SRE design, and addressing their heightened vulnerability to future harm. It advocates for more targeted and intensive programmes that are accessible to young survivors at key points while linking them up to services to help them reclaim their sexualities. Moreover, the study advocates for a nuanced understanding of young survivors’ resilience and the need for sensitivity when facilitating trauma-informed programmes. It stresses the value of working with survivors to shape SRE and the ways that they would like to play a role as peer educators and advocates.","PeriodicalId":54211,"journal":{"name":"Trauma Violence & Abuse","volume":"198200 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145619602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-30DOI: 10.1177/15248380251383935
Eden Hoffer, Julia Yates, Tara Mantler
Intimate partner violence (IPV) has significant social, clinical, and public health consequences, particularly for mothers, who must navigate complex social service systems that may expose them to stigma, financial instability, and punitive system-based risks—including child apprehension. This scoping review explores how mothers with histories of IPV navigate social systems. Following the Joanna Briggs Institute framework and Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool quality assessment criteria, 5 databases were searched, and 13 studies met the inclusion criteria of peer-reviewed, scholarly journal articles, written in English, and conducted in Canada or the United States. Analysis revealed: (a) retributive consequences of help-seeking for mothers, (b) distrust of social systems by mothers who experienced IPV, and (c) disproportionate maternal responsibilities within IPV and child welfare involvement. Findings highlight a disconnect between social system responses and the support mothers require, punitive policies that discourage mothers’ help-seeking, and failure to address mothers’ caregiving burdens. Addressing these issues through survivor-centered, trauma- and violence-informed care-based reforms can foster healing environments rather than perpetuate harm.
{"title":"Navigating Services: A Scoping Review of Mothers’ Experiences with Intimate Partner Violence and Social Systems in Canada and the United States","authors":"Eden Hoffer, Julia Yates, Tara Mantler","doi":"10.1177/15248380251383935","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15248380251383935","url":null,"abstract":"Intimate partner violence (IPV) has significant social, clinical, and public health consequences, particularly for mothers, who must navigate complex social service systems that may expose them to stigma, financial instability, and punitive system-based risks—including child apprehension. This scoping review explores how mothers with histories of IPV navigate social systems. Following the Joanna Briggs Institute framework and Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool quality assessment criteria, 5 databases were searched, and 13 studies met the inclusion criteria of peer-reviewed, scholarly journal articles, written in English, and conducted in Canada or the United States. Analysis revealed: (a) retributive consequences of help-seeking for mothers, (b) distrust of social systems by mothers who experienced IPV, and (c) disproportionate maternal responsibilities within IPV and child welfare involvement. Findings highlight a disconnect between social system responses and the support mothers require, punitive policies that discourage mothers’ help-seeking, and failure to address mothers’ caregiving burdens. Addressing these issues through survivor-centered, trauma- and violence-informed care-based reforms can foster healing environments rather than perpetuate harm.","PeriodicalId":54211,"journal":{"name":"Trauma Violence & Abuse","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145619597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-28DOI: 10.1177/15248380251383932
Boye Fang, Weiyan Ye, Qi Zhang, Elsie Yan
Despite consistent evidence linking elder abuse to adverse mental health outcomes, quantitative estimates remain limited. This study aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis focusing on the negative mental health consequences associated with elder abuse. A comprehensive search was performed across Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, and Scopus for peer-reviewed quantitative studies examining elder abuse as an independent variable and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5)-defined mental health outcomes among adults aged ≥60, published up to January 2024. A total of 23 studies comprising 73 effect sizes that met the inclusion criteria were reviewed. The meta-analyses revealed that older adults who experienced abuse were at a significantly higher risk of adverse mental health outcomes, with a pooled odds ratio (OR) of 2.524 (95% CI [2.300, 2.769]), including depression (OR = 2.833 [2.419, 3.319]), anxiety (OR = 2.495 [2.000, 3.113]), suicidal ideation (OR = 2.249 [1.827, 2.769]), and sleep problems (OR = 2.368 [1.827, 3.070]). Despite evidence of publication bias, trim-and-fill adjustments moderately reduced effect sizes (overall: adjusted OR = 2.197; depression: adjusted OR = 2.094, sleep problems: adjusted OR = 1.732) without affecting robustness. Sensitivity analyses confirmed that results were stable after removing individual studies. Findings are primarily generalizable to community-dwelling older adults due to limited institutional data. Moderator analyses for anxiety outcomes should be interpreted with caution, given covariance among study-level factors. This is the first quantitative synthesis of elder abuse and mental health outcomes, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions and policies to mitigate these risks.
{"title":"Mental Health Outcomes Associated with Elder Abuse: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Boye Fang, Weiyan Ye, Qi Zhang, Elsie Yan","doi":"10.1177/15248380251383932","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15248380251383932","url":null,"abstract":"Despite consistent evidence linking elder abuse to adverse mental health outcomes, quantitative estimates remain limited. This study aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis focusing on the negative mental health consequences associated with elder abuse. A comprehensive search was performed across Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, and Scopus for peer-reviewed quantitative studies examining elder abuse as an independent variable and <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition</jats:italic> (DSM-5)-defined mental health outcomes among adults aged ≥60, published up to January 2024. A total of 23 studies comprising 73 effect sizes that met the inclusion criteria were reviewed. The meta-analyses revealed that older adults who experienced abuse were at a significantly higher risk of adverse mental health outcomes, with a pooled odds ratio (OR) of 2.524 (95% CI [2.300, 2.769]), including depression (OR = 2.833 [2.419, 3.319]), anxiety (OR = 2.495 [2.000, 3.113]), suicidal ideation (OR = 2.249 [1.827, 2.769]), and sleep problems (OR = 2.368 [1.827, 3.070]). Despite evidence of publication bias, trim-and-fill adjustments moderately reduced effect sizes (overall: adjusted OR = 2.197; depression: adjusted OR = 2.094, sleep problems: adjusted OR = 1.732) without affecting robustness. Sensitivity analyses confirmed that results were stable after removing individual studies. Findings are primarily generalizable to community-dwelling older adults due to limited institutional data. Moderator analyses for anxiety outcomes should be interpreted with caution, given covariance among study-level factors. This is the first quantitative synthesis of elder abuse and mental health outcomes, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions and policies to mitigate these risks.","PeriodicalId":54211,"journal":{"name":"Trauma Violence & Abuse","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145611064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-28DOI: 10.1177/15248380251376352
Clare Tanton, Jodie Pearlman, Katherine Merrill, Ligia Kiss, Agnes Kyamulabi, Louise Knight, Fred Kasalirwe, Russell Burke, Eddy Walakira, Karen Devries
Experiencing violence in childhood and adolescence is both common and long-lasting, and associated with poor short- and long-term health and economic outcomes. In the current study, we reviewed evidence from longitudinal studies on the association between violence in childhood and work outcomes to determine the direction and magnitude of the association, explore variations by violence type, identify evidence gaps, and describe the extent of research and findings on mediators. We systematically searched nine databases for longitudinal studies reporting on the association between violence in childhood and work outcomes, and conducted a narrative synthesis. We identified 46 reports of 27 cohorts, with all but one cohort from high-income countries. This review shows that there is strong evidence from high-income countries that violence in childhood is associated with a range of negative work outcomes. Evidence is strongest for official reports of child abuse and neglect, physical violence, bullying, and composite violence measures, but is more mixed for sexual violence. There is less evidence for emotional violence, witnessing violence, neglect, and adolescent intimate partner violence. Associations are similar for men and women. Nine reports conducted mediation analyses, mainly examining educational factors as mediators. Evidence suggests that educational factors may partially mediate the relationship between violence and negative work outcomes. Cognition, mental health, and noncognitive skills may also be mediators. There is a need for data from low- and middle-income countries, and further mediation analyses to help guide efforts to reduce negative consequences of violence.
{"title":"How Does Experience of Violence in Childhood Affect Work Outcomes? A Systematic Review of Longitudinal Studies","authors":"Clare Tanton, Jodie Pearlman, Katherine Merrill, Ligia Kiss, Agnes Kyamulabi, Louise Knight, Fred Kasalirwe, Russell Burke, Eddy Walakira, Karen Devries","doi":"10.1177/15248380251376352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15248380251376352","url":null,"abstract":"Experiencing violence in childhood and adolescence is both common and long-lasting, and associated with poor short- and long-term health and economic outcomes. In the current study, we reviewed evidence from longitudinal studies on the association between violence in childhood and work outcomes to determine the direction and magnitude of the association, explore variations by violence type, identify evidence gaps, and describe the extent of research and findings on mediators. We systematically searched nine databases for longitudinal studies reporting on the association between violence in childhood and work outcomes, and conducted a narrative synthesis. We identified 46 reports of 27 cohorts, with all but one cohort from high-income countries. This review shows that there is strong evidence from high-income countries that violence in childhood is associated with a range of negative work outcomes. Evidence is strongest for official reports of child abuse and neglect, physical violence, bullying, and composite violence measures, but is more mixed for sexual violence. There is less evidence for emotional violence, witnessing violence, neglect, and adolescent intimate partner violence. Associations are similar for men and women. Nine reports conducted mediation analyses, mainly examining educational factors as mediators. Evidence suggests that educational factors may partially mediate the relationship between violence and negative work outcomes. Cognition, mental health, and noncognitive skills may also be mediators. There is a need for data from low- and middle-income countries, and further mediation analyses to help guide efforts to reduce negative consequences of violence.","PeriodicalId":54211,"journal":{"name":"Trauma Violence & Abuse","volume":"94 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145611069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-28DOI: 10.1177/15248380251383931
Susan Saldanha, Jessica R. Botfield, Desireé LaGrappe, Maryam Moradi, Danielle Mazza
Reproductive coercion (RC) broadly encompasses behaviors that interfere with a person’s reproductive choices, including control over contraception, pregnancy, and pregnancy outcomes, and can pose considerable health risks. However, its full impact on health remains insufficiently understood. This scoping review systematically examined empirical literature on the health consequences of RC published between 2010 and 2024. Following JBI methodology and Preferred Reporting Items of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines, we searched five databases (MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase, PsycINFO, and Scopus) for peer-reviewed studies reporting on RC and associated health outcomes. Sixty-two studies across 18 countries met inclusion criteria, the majority from high-income settings, revealing adverse effects on reproductive, sexual, and mental health. Most studies focused on pregnancy coercion and contraceptive sabotage perpetrated by male partners. RC was consistently associated with adverse mental health outcomes, including post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety, and depression. Studies associated RC with an increased risk of unintended pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections. Contraceptive use patterns varied: some studies reported reduced uptake among those experiencing RC, while others described increased use of covert long-acting methods and emergency contraception as protective strategies. Few studies examined physical health outcomes or healthcare utilization following RC. Evidence gaps remain regarding the health consequences of other RC behaviors, including coerced continuation or termination of pregnancy and forced contraception, as well as from low- and middle-income contexts. Clarifying the health consequences linked to current or past experiences of different RC behaviors may support healthcare providers in recognizing and responding to RC, to promote reproductive autonomy and improve health outcomes for RC victim-survivors.
{"title":"Reproductive Coercion and Associated Health Consequences: A Scoping Review","authors":"Susan Saldanha, Jessica R. Botfield, Desireé LaGrappe, Maryam Moradi, Danielle Mazza","doi":"10.1177/15248380251383931","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15248380251383931","url":null,"abstract":"Reproductive coercion (RC) broadly encompasses behaviors that interfere with a person’s reproductive choices, including control over contraception, pregnancy, and pregnancy outcomes, and can pose considerable health risks. However, its full impact on health remains insufficiently understood. This scoping review systematically examined empirical literature on the health consequences of RC published between 2010 and 2024. Following JBI methodology and Preferred Reporting Items of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines, we searched five databases (MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase, PsycINFO, and Scopus) for peer-reviewed studies reporting on RC and associated health outcomes. Sixty-two studies across 18 countries met inclusion criteria, the majority from high-income settings, revealing adverse effects on reproductive, sexual, and mental health. Most studies focused on pregnancy coercion and contraceptive sabotage perpetrated by male partners. RC was consistently associated with adverse mental health outcomes, including post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety, and depression. Studies associated RC with an increased risk of unintended pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections. Contraceptive use patterns varied: some studies reported reduced uptake among those experiencing RC, while others described increased use of covert long-acting methods and emergency contraception as protective strategies. Few studies examined physical health outcomes or healthcare utilization following RC. Evidence gaps remain regarding the health consequences of other RC behaviors, including coerced continuation or termination of pregnancy and forced contraception, as well as from low- and middle-income contexts. Clarifying the health consequences linked to current or past experiences of different RC behaviors may support healthcare providers in recognizing and responding to RC, to promote reproductive autonomy and improve health outcomes for RC victim-survivors.","PeriodicalId":54211,"journal":{"name":"Trauma Violence & Abuse","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145611065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-28DOI: 10.1177/15248380251388139
Robert J. B. Lehmann, Rebecca Reichel, Frederic M. Gnielka, Alexander F. Schmidt, Colm Gannon, Salla Huikuri, Laura Quinten
While there is a growing body of literature on the content and impact of image- and video-based child sexual exploitation and abuse material (CSEAM), knowledge of text-based CSEAM (e.g., fictional stories describing sexual interactions between a child and an adult) remains sparse. This narrative review synthesizes findings from nine theoretical and empirical studies, which were identified through a systematic search of PsycInfo, PsycNet, PSYNDEX, PubMed, and Scholars Portal Journals. Any study addressing the definition and content of text-based CSEAM, societal reactions to and receptions of text-based CSEAM, or the potential role of text-based CSEAM as a risk or protective factor was included. We found that limited empirical research on the effects of text-based CSEAM exists. While some preliminary findings and theoretical considerations suggest that engagement with text-based CSEAM may be a risk factor for (re-)offending against children, there may also be circumstances in which text-based CSEAM could even serve as a protective sexual outlet for individuals with pedohebephilic interests. It will be the task of future research to further elucidate the phenomenon of text-based CSEAM. Specifically, empirical research is needed on the content of text-based CSEAM, on situational factors, and on individual differences in users and producers that determine the criminogenic or protective effects of text-based CSEAM.
{"title":"Beyond Images and Videos: A Narrative Review of Text-Based Child Sexual Exploitation and Abuse Material","authors":"Robert J. B. Lehmann, Rebecca Reichel, Frederic M. Gnielka, Alexander F. Schmidt, Colm Gannon, Salla Huikuri, Laura Quinten","doi":"10.1177/15248380251388139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15248380251388139","url":null,"abstract":"While there is a growing body of literature on the content and impact of image- and video-based child sexual exploitation and abuse material (CSEAM), knowledge of text-based CSEAM (e.g., fictional stories describing sexual interactions between a child and an adult) remains sparse. This narrative review synthesizes findings from nine theoretical and empirical studies, which were identified through a systematic search of PsycInfo, PsycNet, PSYNDEX, PubMed, and Scholars Portal Journals. Any study addressing the definition and content of text-based CSEAM, societal reactions to and receptions of text-based CSEAM, or the potential role of text-based CSEAM as a risk or protective factor was included. We found that limited empirical research on the effects of text-based CSEAM exists. While some preliminary findings and theoretical considerations suggest that engagement with text-based CSEAM may be a risk factor for (re-)offending against children, there may also be circumstances in which text-based CSEAM could even serve as a protective sexual outlet for individuals with pedohebephilic interests. It will be the task of future research to further elucidate the phenomenon of text-based CSEAM. Specifically, empirical research is needed on the content of text-based CSEAM, on situational factors, and on individual differences in users and producers that determine the criminogenic or protective effects of text-based CSEAM.","PeriodicalId":54211,"journal":{"name":"Trauma Violence & Abuse","volume":"116 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145611063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-28DOI: 10.1177/15248380251395099
Miaomiao He, Catherine Flynn, Susan Baidawi
The arrest of a parent can be a pivotal moment for their children. While providing opportunities to identify children in need, children may be placed at particular risk when physically present at the point of arrest. This scoping review synthesized results from existing research on the impact of witnessing parental arrest on children. Searches across three databases and two search engines yielded 6,456 references, with 29 studies meeting the inclusion criteria. One additional reference was included through citation search. The implications for children of witnessing parental arrest were twofold. Individually, children may experience emotional and behavioral difficulties, elevated posttraumatic stress (PTS) symptoms, physiological stress, poor school performance, and developmental delays. Interpersonally, their family relationships, as well as attitudes to and perceptions of police officers, were negatively affected. Furthermore, children who witnessed an arrest were more likely to be exposed to other forms of violence, compared with those who did not witness this event. Studies typically relied on data from children to report their outcomes or reactions to the arrest. This scoping review identified potential variables that can influence the impact of parental arrest on children present. These variables should be examined in future research, preferably with primary data collected, with due consideration given to the data source that is relied upon to capture children’s reaction/s and with the aim of generating context-specific knowledge. Implications for policy development and implementation are discussed.
{"title":"The Impact of Witnessing Parental Arrest on Children: A Scoping Review","authors":"Miaomiao He, Catherine Flynn, Susan Baidawi","doi":"10.1177/15248380251395099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15248380251395099","url":null,"abstract":"The arrest of a parent can be a pivotal moment for their children. While providing opportunities to identify children in need, children may be placed at particular risk when physically present at the point of arrest. This scoping review synthesized results from existing research on the impact of witnessing parental arrest on children. Searches across three databases and two search engines yielded 6,456 references, with 29 studies meeting the inclusion criteria. One additional reference was included through citation search. The implications for children of witnessing parental arrest were twofold. Individually, children may experience emotional and behavioral difficulties, elevated posttraumatic stress (PTS) symptoms, physiological stress, poor school performance, and developmental delays. Interpersonally, their family relationships, as well as attitudes to and perceptions of police officers, were negatively affected. Furthermore, children who witnessed an arrest were more likely to be exposed to other forms of violence, compared with those who did not witness this event. Studies typically relied on data from children to report their outcomes or reactions to the arrest. This scoping review identified potential variables that can influence the impact of parental arrest on children present. These variables should be examined in future research, preferably with primary data collected, with due consideration given to the data source that is relied upon to capture children’s reaction/s and with the aim of generating context-specific knowledge. Implications for policy development and implementation are discussed.","PeriodicalId":54211,"journal":{"name":"Trauma Violence & Abuse","volume":"204 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145611066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-24DOI: 10.1177/15248380251388134
Linruo Zhang, Li Hu, Pui Hing Chau, Chanchan Wu, Julie Taylor, Edmond Pui Hang Choi
Despite multiple meta-analyses investigating the consequences of childhood maltreatment, the scope, validity and credibility of the evidence remain fragmented and inconsistent. This umbrella review aimed to quantify its impact on various psychosocial outcomes; compare effects across subcategories of maltreatment; and assess the quality of existing evidence. We searched 11 databases from inception to December 24, 2024, for meta-analyses on childhood maltreatment and psychosocial consequences. Summary effect sizes were converted to odds ratios ( OR s). A two-level hierarchical meta-analytic model was used alongside prediction intervals, excess significance testing, and population-attributable risk fractions (PARFs). Evidence quality was appraised using a measurement tool to assess systematic reviews and modified umbrella review criteria. We identified 25 meta-analyses encompassing 31 psychosocial outcomes and 1,288,971 participants. Specifically, any childhood abuse was related to 16 psychosocial outcomes ( OR s: 1.07–12.47), physical abuse to 10 outcomes ( OR s: 1.23–3.14), sexual abuse to 20 outcomes ( OR s: 0.46–3.36), emotional abuse to 7 outcomes ( OR s: 1.20–3.73), neglect to 8 psychosocial outcomes ( OR s: 1.09–3.54). Only the association between emotional neglect and suicide attempts had the strongest evidence. No evidence suggests that any subtype of childhood maltreatment had a stronger impact. Assuming causality, PARFs ranged from –4.28% for sexual function to 26.82% for nonsuicidal self-injury. While childhood maltreatment correlates with several psychosocial outcomes, high-quality evidence is deficient. To enhance evidence-based quality, future research should adopt prospective designs and standardized methodologies. Interventions addressing suicidality and policies supporting family-, school-, and community-based prevention efforts are essential to mitigate the long-term burden of childhood maltreatment.
{"title":"Childhood Maltreatment and Its Long-Term Psychosocial Outcomes: An Umbrella Review of Meta-Analyses","authors":"Linruo Zhang, Li Hu, Pui Hing Chau, Chanchan Wu, Julie Taylor, Edmond Pui Hang Choi","doi":"10.1177/15248380251388134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15248380251388134","url":null,"abstract":"Despite multiple meta-analyses investigating the consequences of childhood maltreatment, the scope, validity and credibility of the evidence remain fragmented and inconsistent. This umbrella review aimed to quantify its impact on various psychosocial outcomes; compare effects across subcategories of maltreatment; and assess the quality of existing evidence. We searched 11 databases from inception to December 24, 2024, for meta-analyses on childhood maltreatment and psychosocial consequences. Summary effect sizes were converted to odds ratios ( <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">OR</jats:italic> s). A two-level hierarchical meta-analytic model was used alongside prediction intervals, excess significance testing, and population-attributable risk fractions (PARFs). Evidence quality was appraised using a measurement tool to assess systematic reviews and modified umbrella review criteria. We identified 25 meta-analyses encompassing 31 psychosocial outcomes and 1,288,971 participants. Specifically, any childhood abuse was related to 16 psychosocial outcomes ( <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">OR</jats:italic> s: 1.07–12.47), physical abuse to 10 outcomes ( <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">OR</jats:italic> s: 1.23–3.14), sexual abuse to 20 outcomes ( <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">OR</jats:italic> s: 0.46–3.36), emotional abuse to 7 outcomes ( <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">OR</jats:italic> s: 1.20–3.73), neglect to 8 psychosocial outcomes ( <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">OR</jats:italic> s: 1.09–3.54). Only the association between emotional neglect and suicide attempts had the strongest evidence. No evidence suggests that any subtype of childhood maltreatment had a stronger impact. Assuming causality, PARFs ranged from –4.28% for sexual function to 26.82% for nonsuicidal self-injury. While childhood maltreatment correlates with several psychosocial outcomes, high-quality evidence is deficient. To enhance evidence-based quality, future research should adopt prospective designs and standardized methodologies. Interventions addressing suicidality and policies supporting family-, school-, and community-based prevention efforts are essential to mitigate the long-term burden of childhood maltreatment.","PeriodicalId":54211,"journal":{"name":"Trauma Violence & Abuse","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145583054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-24DOI: 10.1177/15248380251383938
Nicholas M. Morelli, David Straub, Kajung Hong, Theresa Nguyen, Dalia Tabibian, Miguel T. Villodas
Trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy (TF-CBT) is one of the most widely used treatments for children and adolescents presenting with posttraumatic stress. Despite strong rationale for its use with youth exposed to complex trauma (traumatic experiences that are chronic, repeated, prolonged, and interpersonal in nature), few studies have investigated its effectiveness in this population. The present review systematically synthesized and evaluated the existing empirical evidence for the effectiveness, feasibility, and acceptability of TF-CBT among youth with complex trauma. Twenty-three articles reporting on findings from 21 non-overlapping samples met the inclusion criteria for the current review (total N = 1,728). Articles were included if they were published after 1990, evaluated branded TF-CBT (four or more out of the five components), measured psychosocial and/or behavioral functioning pre-/post-TF-CBT, and included a sample of young people (mean age <20) exposed to complex trauma. This work supported TF-CBT as a “probably efficacious intervention” for reducing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms among youth with complex trauma histories, according to the Division 12 Task Force on Psychological Interventions; at present, TF-CBT should be considered “Possibly Efficacious” for reducing International Classification of Diseases, 11th Revision (ICD-11) complex PTSD symptoms. TF-CBT was generally found to be feasible and acceptable, though qualitative and case studies illustrated challenges inherent to working with youth with complex traumatic experiences. Qualitative work also provided useful recommendations for enhancing feasibility and acceptability in this population. Overall, the literature provides a solid empirical foundation for TF-CBT’s use in youth exposed to complex trauma.
{"title":"Effectiveness of Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Youth with Complex Trauma Exposure: A Systematic Review","authors":"Nicholas M. Morelli, David Straub, Kajung Hong, Theresa Nguyen, Dalia Tabibian, Miguel T. Villodas","doi":"10.1177/15248380251383938","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15248380251383938","url":null,"abstract":"Trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy (TF-CBT) is one of the most widely used treatments for children and adolescents presenting with posttraumatic stress. Despite strong rationale for its use with youth exposed to complex trauma (traumatic experiences that are chronic, repeated, prolonged, and interpersonal in nature), few studies have investigated its effectiveness in this population. The present review systematically synthesized and evaluated the existing empirical evidence for the effectiveness, feasibility, and acceptability of TF-CBT among youth with complex trauma. Twenty-three articles reporting on findings from 21 non-overlapping samples met the inclusion criteria for the current review (total <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">N</jats:italic> = 1,728). Articles were included if they were published after 1990, evaluated branded TF-CBT (four or more out of the five components), measured psychosocial and/or behavioral functioning pre-/post-TF-CBT, and included a sample of young people (mean age <20) exposed to complex trauma. This work supported TF-CBT as a “probably efficacious intervention” for reducing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms among youth with complex trauma histories, according to the Division 12 Task Force on Psychological Interventions; at present, TF-CBT should be considered “Possibly Efficacious” for reducing <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">International Classification of Diseases, 11th Revision</jats:italic> (ICD-11) complex PTSD symptoms. TF-CBT was generally found to be feasible and acceptable, though qualitative and case studies illustrated challenges inherent to working with youth with complex traumatic experiences. Qualitative work also provided useful recommendations for enhancing feasibility and acceptability in this population. Overall, the literature provides a solid empirical foundation for TF-CBT’s use in youth exposed to complex trauma.","PeriodicalId":54211,"journal":{"name":"Trauma Violence & Abuse","volume":"150 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145583052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-24DOI: 10.1177/15248380251388129
Jesús Ruiz-Ramos, Lucía Palacios-Rodríguez, M. Victoria Cerezo, Marta Ferragut
Child sexual abuse (CSA) is a form of violence with important consequences in the victim’s life. It implies using a minor as a sexual object by someone in an unequal relationship. CSA prevalence is a complex phenomenon to measure, as it changes considerably between studies due to different methodologies or sample characteristics. This research aimed to conduct a meta-analysis of CSA prevalence in minor samples, examine its heterogeneity, and update the data of previous meta-analyses. The literature search was conducted in APA PsycINFO, SCOPUS, Web of Science, Dialnet, and ERIC Ebsco databases from 2010 to 2025. The variables coded included sample size, mean age, sex, type of perpetrator, perpetrator’s sex, country, year, data collection method, type of questionnaire and sample, response rate, type of prevalence, and CSA. Heterogeneity and moderator analyses were conducted only for mixed and intercourse CSA, as the number of studies to calculate pooled estimates for abuse with contact and non-contact was insufficient. A total of 28 studies were included with 75 units of analysis, separated by sex, boys and girls. The mean prevalence rates ranged from 3% to 10% for both sexes’ samples: 1% to 11% for the girls’ sample, and 3% to 10% for the boys’ sample. Heterogeneity was observed in all prevalence values. The CSA prevalence found was high, in both types of abuse. The reported prevalence of different types of abuse varies considerably between countries.
儿童性虐待（CSA）是一种暴力形式，对受害者的生活产生重要影响。它意味着在不平等的关系中，某人把未成年人当作性对象。CSA患病率是一种复杂的测量现象，因为由于不同的方法或样本特征，它在不同的研究之间变化很大。本研究旨在对小样本CSA患病率进行荟萃分析，检验其异质性，并更新以往荟萃分析的数据。检索APA PsycINFO、SCOPUS、Web of Science、Dialnet和ERIC Ebsco数据库2010 - 2025年的文献。编码的变量包括样本量、平均年龄、性别、施暴者类型、施暴者性别、国家、年份、数据收集方法、问卷和样本类型、回复率、患病率类型和CSA。异质性和调节因素分析仅针对混合和性交CSA进行，因为计算接触和非接触虐待汇总估计的研究数量不足。共有28项研究纳入了75个分析单元，按性别、男孩和女孩分开。男女样本的平均患病率为3%至10%：女孩样本为1%至11%，男孩样本为3%至10%。所有患病率均存在异质性。在这两种类型的虐待中，CSA的患病率都很高。各国报告的不同类型虐待的流行程度差别很大。
{"title":"Prevalence of Sexual Abuse in Children and Adolescents: An Updated Meta-Analysis","authors":"Jesús Ruiz-Ramos, Lucía Palacios-Rodríguez, M. Victoria Cerezo, Marta Ferragut","doi":"10.1177/15248380251388129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15248380251388129","url":null,"abstract":"Child sexual abuse (CSA) is a form of violence with important consequences in the victim’s life. It implies using a minor as a sexual object by someone in an unequal relationship. CSA prevalence is a complex phenomenon to measure, as it changes considerably between studies due to different methodologies or sample characteristics. This research aimed to conduct a meta-analysis of CSA prevalence in minor samples, examine its heterogeneity, and update the data of previous meta-analyses. The literature search was conducted in APA PsycINFO, SCOPUS, Web of Science, Dialnet, and ERIC Ebsco databases from 2010 to 2025. The variables coded included sample size, mean age, sex, type of perpetrator, perpetrator’s sex, country, year, data collection method, type of questionnaire and sample, response rate, type of prevalence, and CSA. Heterogeneity and moderator analyses were conducted only for mixed and intercourse CSA, as the number of studies to calculate pooled estimates for abuse with contact and non-contact was insufficient. A total of 28 studies were included with 75 units of analysis, separated by sex, boys and girls. The mean prevalence rates ranged from 3% to 10% for both sexes’ samples: 1% to 11% for the girls’ sample, and 3% to 10% for the boys’ sample. Heterogeneity was observed in all prevalence values. The CSA prevalence found was high, in both types of abuse. The reported prevalence of different types of abuse varies considerably between countries.","PeriodicalId":54211,"journal":{"name":"Trauma Violence & Abuse","volume":"191 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145583051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：