Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.crm.2025.100701
Adam J.P. Smith , Asher Minns , Robert J. Nicholls , Anna Beswick , Katie Jenkins , Sandy Avrutin , Craig Robson
Strengthening the adaptive capacity of the UK, via national plans and local-scale interventions, requires easy access to climate risk information and adaptation scenarios. Stakeholder engagement can ensure the right balance between top-down prescriptive modelling, and bottom-up, solution-focussed and lived experience approaches. National-scale, spatially-explicit, integrated climate risk frameworks can help inform the needs of localised climate risk assessments, but there are barriers to local actors accessing the information.
{"title":"Reflections on delivering place-based climate risk data in support of local adaptation decisions","authors":"Adam J.P. Smith , Asher Minns , Robert J. Nicholls , Anna Beswick , Katie Jenkins , Sandy Avrutin , Craig Robson","doi":"10.1016/j.crm.2025.100701","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crm.2025.100701","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Strengthening the adaptive capacity of the UK, via national plans and local-scale interventions, requires easy access to climate risk information and adaptation scenarios. Stakeholder engagement can ensure the right balance between top-down prescriptive modelling, and bottom-up, solution-focussed and lived experience approaches. National-scale, spatially-explicit, integrated climate risk frameworks can help inform the needs of localised climate risk assessments, but there are barriers to local actors accessing the information.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54226,"journal":{"name":"Climate Risk Management","volume":"48 ","pages":"Article 100701"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143680996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Weather and climate services (WCS) are particularly important in Sub-Saharan Africa, where weather-dependent agriculture is the main source of livelihood, and where erratic weather patterns and extreme weather events have major impacts on rural livelihoods and food security. However, despite their importance, their effects on the agriculture sector and the overall economy are not well understood. For the case of Ethiopia, we use a computable general equilibrium modeling approach with the latest Ethiopian social accounting matrix data to estimate the potential contribution of WCS to macroeconomic variables, including growth in gross domestic product nationally and by sector. The analysis incorporates results of a separate econometric analysis of household survey data from five major regions in Ethiopia, which showed WCS use is associated with increased agricultural productivity. We estimate that increased agricultural productivity associated with WCS contributes to overall economic growth of more than 6 %, with a likely positive effect on farmers’ resilience to climate variability and change. The positive impact of WCS on agricultural productivity propagate to the overall economy, as evidenced by the considerable positive effect on GDP especially from the more climate sensitive sectors such as agriculture.
{"title":"Climate and weather services can enhance Ethiopian farmers’ resilience to climate change: Economy-wide impact analysis","authors":"Seneshaw Tamru , James Hansen , Stephen Zebiak , Abonesh Tesfaye , Bart Minten , Teferi Demissie , Maren Radeny , Kindie Tesfaye , Dawit Solomon","doi":"10.1016/j.crm.2025.100725","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crm.2025.100725","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Weather and climate services (WCS) are particularly important in Sub-Saharan Africa, where weather-dependent agriculture is the main source of livelihood, and where erratic weather patterns and extreme weather events have major impacts on rural livelihoods and food security. However, despite their importance, their effects on the agriculture sector and the overall economy are not well understood. For the case of Ethiopia, we use a computable general equilibrium modeling approach with the latest Ethiopian social accounting matrix data to estimate the potential contribution of WCS to macroeconomic variables, including growth in gross domestic product nationally and by sector. The analysis incorporates results of a separate econometric analysis of household survey data from five major regions in Ethiopia, which showed WCS use is associated with increased agricultural productivity. We estimate that increased agricultural productivity associated with WCS contributes to overall economic growth of more than 6 %, with a likely positive effect on farmers’ resilience to climate variability and change. The positive impact of WCS on agricultural productivity propagate to the overall economy, as evidenced by the considerable positive effect on GDP especially from the more climate sensitive sectors such as agriculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54226,"journal":{"name":"Climate Risk Management","volume":"49 ","pages":"Article 100725"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144562980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.crm.2025.100749
Bao-Linh Tran, Wei-Chun Tseng, Chi-Chung Chen
To support adaptation strategies that reduce health risks from extreme climate exposure, it is essential to better understand the health impacts of temperature and evaluate the effectiveness of existing early warning systems. This study estimates the threshold effects of temperature and extreme weather warnings on ischemic heart disease (IHD) mortality, using U.S. panel data from 2015 to 2022. A panel threshold model was first applied to determine if temperature thresholds exist in the temperature-IHD mortality relationship, and Poisson Quasi-MLE was used to estimate the impacts of temperature and extreme weather warnings on IHD mortality across various temperature ranges. We found single temperature thresholds ranging from 16.4 °C (lag 1–4) to 17.6 °C (lag 0). Colder temperatures contribute to higher IHD mortality rates, with temperature decrease having a more adverse impact in warmer weather. Nationwide, increased IHD mortality is also associated with higher influenza prevalence, adverse COVID-19 hospitalizations, and increased air pressure in warm weather, as well as elevated exposure in cold weather. The effectiveness of extreme weather warnings varies across temperature ranges and climate regions. Wind chill warnings (WCW) issuance is associated with an estimated 2–3 fewer IHD deaths per state per week nationwide and about 3–4 fewer IHD deaths per week in the Northwest and Southwest regions. Excessive heat warnings (EHW) had no protective impact nationwide but reduced mortality in the West. The study provides new insights into how climate factors and extreme weather warnings affect IHD mortality across temperature ranges, proposing enhanced proactive measures to adapt to climate change.
{"title":"Impacts of climate change and extreme weather warnings on ischemic heart disease mortality in the United States","authors":"Bao-Linh Tran, Wei-Chun Tseng, Chi-Chung Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.crm.2025.100749","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crm.2025.100749","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To support adaptation strategies that reduce health risks from extreme climate exposure, it is essential to better understand the health impacts of temperature and evaluate the effectiveness of existing early warning systems. This study estimates the threshold effects of temperature and extreme weather warnings on ischemic heart disease (IHD) mortality, using U.S. panel data from 2015 to 2022. A panel threshold model was first applied to determine if temperature thresholds exist in the temperature-IHD mortality relationship, and Poisson Quasi-MLE was used to estimate the impacts of temperature and extreme weather warnings on IHD mortality across various temperature ranges. We found single temperature thresholds ranging from 16.4 °C (lag 1–4) to 17.6 °C (lag 0). Colder temperatures contribute to higher IHD mortality rates, with temperature decrease having a more adverse impact in warmer weather. Nationwide, increased IHD mortality is also associated with higher influenza prevalence, adverse COVID-19 hospitalizations, and increased air pressure in warm weather, as well as elevated <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>P</mi><mi>M</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2.5</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span> exposure in cold weather. The effectiveness of extreme weather warnings varies across temperature ranges and climate regions. Wind chill warnings (WCW) issuance is associated with an estimated 2–3 fewer IHD deaths per state per week nationwide and about 3–4 fewer IHD deaths per week in the Northwest and Southwest regions. Excessive heat warnings (EHW) had no protective impact nationwide but reduced mortality in the West. The study provides new insights into how climate factors and extreme weather warnings affect IHD mortality across temperature ranges, proposing enhanced proactive measures to adapt to climate change.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54226,"journal":{"name":"Climate Risk Management","volume":"50 ","pages":"Article 100749"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145158777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.crm.2025.100746
Tehseen Javed , Anni Deng , Xinyi Chen , Ning Yao , Atif Zahoor , Rahman Ullah
Humanity’s future on Earth faces significant challenges due to the impacts of climate change. Pakistan is exceptionally vulnerable to the ongoing repercussions of climate change, due to its arid and semi-arid climate, which is further exacerbated by inadequate management of natural resources. Recognizing this global phenomenon is of utmost importance for farmers, as it significantly influences their adaptation strategies. This research examined farmers’ perceptions, encompassing their beliefs and concerns about climate change, as well as their perspectives on adapting to various challenges. Using structured interviews, data were collected from a randomly selected sample of 52 farmers across the Kohat, Hangu, and Karak districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The outcomes revealed that farmers primarily attribute climate change to human activities. A notable focus on the negative consequences of climate variations encompassed issues such as water scarcity, insect invasions, crop diseases, and increased thermal stress. The research also highlighted noteworthy barriers impeding adjustments, including limited awareness of effective coping strategies and inadequate state and financial support. The non-parametric assessment revealed minimal notable differences in farmers’ attitudes, anxieties regarding climate fluctuations, and views on the difficulties associated with adaptation when examined based on their demographic traits. Based on these discoveries, the government is advised to initiate capacity-building programs to enhance farmers’ ability to adapt to changing conditions. Furthermore, offering financial incentives wherever necessary could encourage the adoption of sustainable agricultural practices, ultimately contributing to the establishment of a resilient national food system.
{"title":"Investigating farmers’ perceptions and climate change related apprehensions in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan","authors":"Tehseen Javed , Anni Deng , Xinyi Chen , Ning Yao , Atif Zahoor , Rahman Ullah","doi":"10.1016/j.crm.2025.100746","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crm.2025.100746","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Humanity’s future on Earth faces significant challenges due to the impacts of climate change. Pakistan is exceptionally vulnerable to the ongoing repercussions of climate change, due to its arid and semi-arid climate, which is further exacerbated by inadequate management of natural resources. Recognizing this global phenomenon is of utmost importance for farmers, as it significantly influences their adaptation strategies. This research examined farmers’ perceptions, encompassing their beliefs and concerns about climate change, as well as their perspectives on adapting to various challenges. Using structured interviews, data were collected from a randomly selected sample of 52 farmers across the Kohat, Hangu, and Karak districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The outcomes revealed that farmers primarily attribute climate change to human activities. A notable focus on the negative consequences of climate variations encompassed issues such as water scarcity, insect invasions, crop diseases, and increased thermal stress. The research also highlighted noteworthy barriers impeding adjustments, including limited awareness of effective coping strategies and inadequate state and financial support. The non-parametric assessment revealed minimal notable differences in farmers’ attitudes, anxieties regarding climate fluctuations, and views on the difficulties associated with adaptation when examined based on their demographic traits. Based on these discoveries, the government is advised to initiate capacity-building programs to enhance farmers’ ability to adapt to changing conditions. Furthermore, offering financial incentives wherever necessary could encourage the adoption of sustainable agricultural practices, ultimately contributing to the establishment of a resilient national food system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54226,"journal":{"name":"Climate Risk Management","volume":"50 ","pages":"Article 100746"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145099472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.crm.2025.100753
Julius Schlumberger , Andrew Warren , Anne Sophie Daloz , David Geurts , Stefan Hochrainer-Stigler , Lin Ma , Noemi Padrón-Fumero , Karina Reiter , Robert Šakić Trogrlić , Sharon Tatman , Vanessa Banks , Julia Crummy , Jaime Díaz-Pacheco , Pedro Dorta Antequera , Sara García-González , Abel López-Díez , Tamara Lucía Febles Arévalo , David Romero-Manrique , Nikita Strelkovskii , Silvia Torresan , Marleen C. de Ruiter
In the context of climate change and socioeconomic developments, disaster risk is intensifying, driven not only by more frequent and severe hazard events but also by complex interactions between these events and underlying vulnerabilities. These interactions can amplify impacts and trigger cascading failures across sectors. Using the Canary Islands, the Danube Region, the North Sea, and Scandinavia as four case study regions, this research explores how the Dynamic Adaptive Policy Pathways for Multi-Risk (DAPP-MR) framework can support the development of integrated, adaptive disaster risk management (DRM) strategies to reduce risk while addressing these complex interactions. We examine how DAPP-MR enables a deeper understanding of multi-risk systems, facilitates stakeholder engagement, and structures the development of robust, cross-sectoral DRM pathways in these four qualitative applications. The findings indicate that DAPP-MR enables integrated, cross-sectoral thinking and encourages balancing short-term priorities and long-term needs. This research demonstrates that DAPP-MR offers a structured approach to unravelling the complex dynamics between hazards and sectors, while maintaining flexibility in analytical focus. This flexibility allows context-specific priorities to guide the analysis, but it can also make comparing outcomes across different applications more challenging. This study further underscores the need for additional tools to manage and explore the information to support the development and evaluation of multi-risk DRM pathways.
{"title":"Developing multi-risk DRM pathways — Lessons from four European case studies","authors":"Julius Schlumberger , Andrew Warren , Anne Sophie Daloz , David Geurts , Stefan Hochrainer-Stigler , Lin Ma , Noemi Padrón-Fumero , Karina Reiter , Robert Šakić Trogrlić , Sharon Tatman , Vanessa Banks , Julia Crummy , Jaime Díaz-Pacheco , Pedro Dorta Antequera , Sara García-González , Abel López-Díez , Tamara Lucía Febles Arévalo , David Romero-Manrique , Nikita Strelkovskii , Silvia Torresan , Marleen C. de Ruiter","doi":"10.1016/j.crm.2025.100753","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crm.2025.100753","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the context of climate change and socioeconomic developments, disaster risk is intensifying, driven not only by more frequent and severe hazard events but also by complex interactions between these events and underlying vulnerabilities. These interactions can amplify impacts and trigger cascading failures across sectors. Using the Canary Islands, the Danube Region, the North Sea, and Scandinavia as four case study regions, this research explores how the Dynamic Adaptive Policy Pathways for Multi-Risk (DAPP-MR) framework can support the development of integrated, adaptive disaster risk management (DRM) strategies to reduce risk while addressing these complex interactions. We examine how DAPP-MR enables a deeper understanding of multi-risk systems, facilitates stakeholder engagement, and structures the development of robust, cross-sectoral DRM pathways in these four qualitative applications. The findings indicate that DAPP-MR enables integrated, cross-sectoral thinking and encourages balancing short-term priorities and long-term needs. This research demonstrates that DAPP-MR offers a structured approach to unravelling the complex dynamics between hazards and sectors, while maintaining flexibility in analytical focus. This flexibility allows context-specific priorities to guide the analysis, but it can also make comparing outcomes across different applications more challenging. This study further underscores the need for additional tools to manage and explore the information to support the development and evaluation of multi-risk DRM pathways.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54226,"journal":{"name":"Climate Risk Management","volume":"50 ","pages":"Article 100753"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145361615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.crm.2025.100765
Fernanda Cepeda , Luis Maldonado , María Molinos-Senante
Wildfires increasingly threaten drinking water supply systems, leading to service interruptions that challenge water utilities. This study assesses the willingness to accept compensation (WTAC) for water supply interruptions due to wildfires in the Valparaíso region, Chile. Using a choice experiment methodology, we assess public preferences for compensation under two governance scenarios: interruptions managed by the water utility versus those managed by the municipality. Results indicate a strong rejection (70.19%) of increased service interruptions, even with financial compensation, highlighting consumer preference for reliability over cost savings. Frequency of interruptions emerged as the most influential factor, suggesting that reducing the number of disruptions is more critical than minimizing their duration or cost implications. Furthermore, respondents demonstrated greater trust in the water company compared to municipal management with an average WTAC of 0.744 US$/hour and 0.680 US$/hour, respectively. Policy recommendations emphasize the need for infrastructure investment, transparent governance, and alternative compensation approaches. Future research should explore regional variations, psychological and social dimensions, and long-term shifts in public attitudes toward WTAC in the face of climate-induced water challenges.
{"title":"Householdś willingness to accept compensation for water supply interruptions caused by Wildfires: Evidence from Valparaíso, Chile","authors":"Fernanda Cepeda , Luis Maldonado , María Molinos-Senante","doi":"10.1016/j.crm.2025.100765","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crm.2025.100765","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Wildfires increasingly threaten drinking water supply systems, leading to service interruptions that challenge water utilities. This study assesses the willingness to accept compensation (WTAC) for water supply interruptions due to wildfires in the Valparaíso region, Chile. Using a choice experiment methodology, we assess public preferences for compensation under two governance scenarios: interruptions managed by the water utility versus those managed by the municipality. Results indicate a strong rejection (70.19%) of increased service interruptions, even with financial compensation, highlighting consumer preference for reliability over cost savings. Frequency of interruptions emerged as the most influential factor, suggesting that reducing the number of disruptions is more critical than minimizing their duration or cost implications. Furthermore, respondents demonstrated greater trust in the water company compared to municipal management with an average WTAC of 0.744 US$/hour and 0.680 US$/hour, respectively. Policy recommendations emphasize the need for infrastructure investment, transparent governance, and alternative compensation approaches. Future research should explore regional variations, psychological and social dimensions, and long-term shifts in public attitudes toward WTAC in the face of climate-induced water challenges.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54226,"journal":{"name":"Climate Risk Management","volume":"50 ","pages":"Article 100765"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145571454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Climate adaptation in Europe faces a significant implementation gap: while high-level policies set ambitious resilience goals, local knowledge integration and policy uptake remain slow due to entrenched institutional routines. Reflecting on lessons from three transdisciplinary European projects, this article aims to provide a fresh perspective on how climate resilience can be effectively enhanced through projects that facilitate institutional (un)learning. We tailor a climate resilience capacities framework to diagnose stewarding, unlocking, transforming and orchestrating capacities that enable coordinated shifts from risk-averse to risk-embracing adaptation. These capacities emerge from, and generate, processes that actively dismantle obsolete learnings while fostering novel, resilience-oriented behaviors and routines. Key examples include climate resilience pathways and the empowerment of champions and institutional entrepreneurs, an integrated approach and neutral facilitation and the formation of networks such as Communities of Practice and Real-World Labs. We propose that, while already successful ex-post, embedding this thinking at the conceptualization phase can further accelerate the transition to adaptive societies capable of embracing uncertainty and enhancing climate resilience.
{"title":"Leveraging climate resilience capacities by (un)learning from transdisciplinary research projects","authors":"Simona Pedde , Reginald Grendelman , Lydia Cumiskey , Denise McCullagh , Joanne Vinke-de Kruijf , Katharina Hölscher","doi":"10.1016/j.crm.2024.100675","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crm.2024.100675","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Climate adaptation in Europe faces a significant implementation gap: while high-level policies set ambitious resilience goals, local knowledge integration and policy uptake remain slow due to entrenched institutional routines. Reflecting on lessons from three transdisciplinary European projects, this article aims to provide a fresh perspective on how climate resilience can be effectively enhanced through projects that facilitate institutional (un)learning. We tailor a climate resilience capacities framework to diagnose stewarding, unlocking, transforming and orchestrating capacities that enable coordinated shifts from risk-averse to risk-embracing adaptation. These capacities emerge from, and generate, processes that actively dismantle obsolete learnings while fostering novel, resilience-oriented behaviors and routines. Key examples include climate resilience pathways and the empowerment of champions and institutional entrepreneurs, an integrated approach and neutral facilitation and the formation of networks such as Communities of Practice and Real-World Labs. We propose that, while already successful ex-post, embedding this thinking at the conceptualization phase can further accelerate the transition to adaptive societies capable of embracing uncertainty and enhancing climate resilience.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54226,"journal":{"name":"Climate Risk Management","volume":"47 ","pages":"Article 100675"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143166702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.crm.2024.100684
Rachel Burbidge , Christopher Paling , Rachel M. Dunk
In the Latin America and Caribbean (LAC) region climate change effects such as higher temperatures, sea level rise and stronger storms are already threatening critical airport infrastructure and operations, with this exposure increasing as climate change accelerates. Given the social and economic criticality of airports to the region, it is vital that they adapt and build resilience to the resulting impacts. This paper presents the first evaluation of the climate risk assessment and adaptation status of airports in the LAC region. Drawing on a survey of airport professionals from 35 LAC airports and airport groups (representing a total of 54 airports) it finds that although 80% are already experiencing climate change effects, just 14% have carried out a climate change risk assessment to establish what impacts they may face and only 3% (one airport) have developed a climate adaptation plan. This is a significant exposure-adaptation gap which it is essential to address. This urgently requires (i) enhanced awareness raising of climate effects and impacts; (ii) increased provision of data and guidance; and (iii) development and promotion of capacity building mechanisms such as risk assessment tools and training. A crucial role is identified for national governments and sector bodies to continue and augment support for airports in the region to adapt. While this study focuses on the LAC region, the recommendations are likewise applicable for supporting adaptation action by airports in other regions.
{"title":"Adapting Latin American and Caribbean airports to a changing climate: Impacts, challenges and solutions","authors":"Rachel Burbidge , Christopher Paling , Rachel M. Dunk","doi":"10.1016/j.crm.2024.100684","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crm.2024.100684","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the Latin America and Caribbean (LAC) region climate change effects such as higher temperatures, sea level rise and stronger storms are already threatening critical airport infrastructure and operations, with this exposure increasing as climate change accelerates. Given the social and economic criticality of airports to the region, it is vital that they adapt and build resilience to the resulting impacts. This paper presents the first evaluation of the climate risk assessment and adaptation status of airports in the LAC region. Drawing on a survey of airport professionals from 35 LAC airports and airport groups (representing a total of 54 airports) it finds that although 80% are already experiencing climate change effects, just 14% have carried out a climate change risk assessment to establish what impacts they may face and only 3% (one airport) have developed a climate adaptation plan. This is a significant exposure-adaptation gap which it is essential to address. This urgently requires (i) enhanced awareness raising of climate effects and impacts; (ii) increased provision of data and guidance; and (iii) development and promotion of capacity building mechanisms such as risk assessment tools and training. A crucial role is identified for national governments and sector bodies to continue and augment support for airports in the region to adapt. While this study focuses on the LAC region, the recommendations are likewise applicable for supporting adaptation action by airports in other regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54226,"journal":{"name":"Climate Risk Management","volume":"47 ","pages":"Article 100684"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143168421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.crm.2025.100689
Emmanuel M.N.A.N. Attoh, Giriraj Amarnath
Early warning systems (EWS) inform decision making and planning in response to climate shocks and catastrophic disasters. However, the current disaster response mechanism falls short due to the fragmented warning, action, and finance systems, coupled with inadequate institutional collaboration, coordination and inclusive engagement for effective anticipatory action. This study addresses this challenge by introducing an Early Warning, Action and Finance (AWARE) platform to promote anticipatory action through multistakeholder engagement. Data from literature reviews, expert surveys, and stakeholder workshops in Senegal, Zambia and Sri Lanka helped identify the platform’s needs and priorities. The study draws upon theories of technological frames, interpretative flexibility, boundary objects, social learning, collaborative governance and adaptive co-management to conceptualize a framework for AWARE. Results demonstrate the potential of AWARE as a boundary object that fosters social engagement, active involvement, open communication, collaboration, and shared commitment to safeguarding lives and livelihoods. Analysis of technological frames and interpretative flexibility underscores the role of social learning in shaping the design and user features that promote multiscale institutional responses to disasters. AWARE aligns with the priorities of the Sendai Framework and emphasizes system thinking, co-production of knowledge, and the need for context-specific solutions to enhance anticipatory action. Recognizing the limitations of one-size-fits-all EWS, the AWARE framework acknowledges contextual factors as barriers to implementation. The study underscores the importance of integrated EWS and collaborative efforts to overcome implementation barriers and improve anticipatory action outcomes.
{"title":"A framework for addressing the interconnectedness of early warning to action and finance to strengthen multiscale institutional responses to climate shocks and disasters","authors":"Emmanuel M.N.A.N. Attoh, Giriraj Amarnath","doi":"10.1016/j.crm.2025.100689","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crm.2025.100689","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Early warning systems (EWS) inform decision making and planning in response to climate shocks and catastrophic disasters. However, the current disaster response mechanism falls short due to the fragmented warning, action, and finance systems, coupled with inadequate institutional collaboration, coordination and inclusive engagement for effective anticipatory action. This study addresses this challenge by introducing an Early Warning, Action and Finance (AWARE) platform to promote anticipatory action through multistakeholder engagement. Data from literature reviews, expert surveys, and stakeholder workshops in Senegal, Zambia and Sri Lanka helped identify the platform’s needs and priorities. The study draws upon theories of technological frames, interpretative flexibility, boundary objects, social learning, collaborative governance and adaptive co-management to conceptualize a framework for AWARE. Results demonstrate the potential of AWARE as a boundary object that fosters social engagement, active involvement, open communication, collaboration, and shared commitment to safeguarding lives and livelihoods. Analysis of technological frames and interpretative flexibility underscores the role of social learning in shaping the design and user features that promote multiscale institutional responses to disasters. AWARE aligns with the priorities of the Sendai Framework and emphasizes system thinking, co-production of knowledge, and the need for context-specific solutions to enhance anticipatory action. Recognizing the limitations of one-size-fits-all EWS, the AWARE framework acknowledges contextual factors as barriers to implementation. The study underscores the importance of integrated EWS and collaborative efforts to overcome implementation barriers and improve anticipatory action outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54226,"journal":{"name":"Climate Risk Management","volume":"47 ","pages":"Article 100689"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143168423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.crm.2025.100708
Ummi Khalthum Mohammed , Nicola Favretto
Jigawa State, Nigeria, faces increasing vulnerability to recurrent floods, highlighting the need for alternative socio-economic strategies to enhance livelihood diversification and strengthen the resilience of the most vulnerable groups, particularly women farmers. This study explores the role of livelihood diversification in flood resilience through three key questions: (1) How frequent are floods in northern Nigeria, and what are their perceived impacts? (2) What livelihood diversification strategies do women farmers employ? and (3) What factors enable or hinder the adoption of diversified livelihoods? Data was collected via focus group discussions with women farmers from three communities, supplemented by semi-structured interviews with community leaders and institutional stakeholders, and analysed using coding and content analysis. Results on reported perceptions show that from 2013 to 2023 communities experienced an average of seven flood events, causing significant damage to homes and farmland. Women farmers diversify livelihoods by rotating fast-growing crops (e.g., beans, tomatoes, cassava), planting economic trees, raising livestock, and engaging in off-farm activities like petty trading. Enabling factors include building farmer and institutional stakeholders’ capacity, improving climate data access, supporting alternative income activities, strengthening agricultural extension, and providing infrastructural and financial support. However, barriers such as limited access to capital, agricultural insurance, and inequalities in resource distribution among women, along with cultural dynamics and conflicts, hinder progress. Awareness-raising and capacity-building are essential to overcoming these challenges and addressing social barriers. Additionally, limited institutional coordination and inadequate budgetary allocations exacerbate difficulties in achieving effective livelihood diversification for flood resilience. By revealing the factors influencing the resilience and vulnerability of rural women amid recurring floods in dryland Africa, the lessons learned help bridge key knowledge gaps and highlight essential enablers for strengthening adaptive capacities in flood-prone areas.
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