Pub Date : 2026-01-08DOI: 10.1016/j.revpalbo.2026.105501
Facundo De Benedetti , María C. Zamaloa , María A. Gandolfo , Néstor R. Cúneo
The fossil non-pollen palynomorph genus Palambages Wetzel comprises spheroidal bodies, composed of many oval, membranous cells. The original generic diagnosis was imprecise and overly broad. Herein, its diagnosis is emended through three main modifications: 1) the number of constituent cells per cluster follows a 2n pattern; 2) clusters are exclusively hollow and comprise a single peripheral layer of thin-walled cells; and 3) each cell possesses a central operculate aperture on the outer face. The new revised description minimizes overlapping with other morphologically similar cell clusters. The type species, Palambages morulosa, is also emended. All six species previously attributed to Palambages are reassessed to evaluate their taxonomic placement. P. morulosa and P. trilicius are retained within Palambages. Three species are transferred to the fungal spore genera Papulosporonites (i.e., Papulosporonites canadensis comb. nov., and Papulosporonites polycellularis comb. nov.) and Polyadosporites (i.e., Polyadosporites colonicus comb. nov.). The species P. pariunta probably represents a new genus and species pending direct examination of its type material. Notably, the two species retained in the genus have been recovered from marine to brackish deposits, suggesting an affinity with marine phytoplankton—a hypothesis further supported by sedimentological and paleontological proxies.
{"title":"Systematic revision of the non-pollen palynomorph Palambages Wetzel, 1961","authors":"Facundo De Benedetti , María C. Zamaloa , María A. Gandolfo , Néstor R. Cúneo","doi":"10.1016/j.revpalbo.2026.105501","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.revpalbo.2026.105501","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The fossil non-pollen palynomorph genus <em>Palambages</em> Wetzel comprises spheroidal bodies, composed of many oval, membranous cells. The original generic diagnosis was imprecise and overly broad. Herein, its diagnosis is emended through three main modifications: 1) the number of constituent cells per cluster follows a 2<sup>n</sup> pattern; 2) clusters are exclusively hollow and comprise a single peripheral layer of thin-walled cells; and 3) each cell possesses a central operculate aperture on the outer face. The new revised description minimizes overlapping with other morphologically similar cell clusters. The type species, <em>Palambages morulosa</em>, is also emended. All six species previously attributed to <em>Palambages</em> are reassessed to evaluate their taxonomic placement. <em>P. morulosa</em> and <em>P. trilicius</em> are retained within <em>Palambages</em>. Three species are transferred to the fungal spore genera <em>Papulosporonites</em> (i.e., <em>Papulosporonites canadensis</em> comb. nov., and <em>Papulosporonites polycellularis</em> comb. nov.) and <em>Polyadosporites</em> (i.e., <em>Polyadosporites colonicus</em> comb. nov.). The species <em>P. pariunta</em> probably represents a new genus and species pending direct examination of its type material. Notably, the two species retained in the genus have been recovered from marine to brackish deposits, suggesting an affinity with marine phytoplankton—a hypothesis further supported by sedimentological and paleontological proxies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54488,"journal":{"name":"Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 105501"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145928788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-02DOI: 10.1016/j.revpalbo.2026.105500
Manoshi Hazra , Alison Crowther , Patrick Moss , John Tibby , Francesca McInerney , Sangbaran Ghoshmaulik , Melodina Fabillo , Khairun Nisha Bte Mohamed Ramdzan , Kevin Welsh
Phytoliths are a valuable tool for reconstructing localized past vegetation, particularly in Restionaceae rich peatlands of subtropical Australia. Despite the significance of subtropical Australia for understanding vegetation–climate dynamics during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), no continuous phytolith records have previously been reported from subtropical eastern Australia. Jumping Grass Marsh, located on Minjerribah (North Stradbroke Island), preserves a 2.5 m organic-rich sequence extending from 27 ka BP to the present. This study reconstructs long-term vegetation dynamics using the phytolith record and evaluates how wetland taxa, grasses, and fire responded to past environmental changes in the subtropics. Phytoliths were extracted at 10 cm intervals, with 22 morphotypes identified and classified following ICPN 2.0 standards. A modern reference collection from wetland plants and soils supported taxonomic attribution, while complementary evidence from microcharcoal, sediment organic matter, and particle-size analysis refined palaeoenvironmental interpretation. The phytolith record demonstrates long-term persistence of restiad wetlands from the early glacial period (> 22 ka) to the present, with Restionaceae morphotypes dominating throughout. Grass abundance increased during the Last Glacial Maximum and reached its peak in the deglacial phase (∼ 15.7 ka). Enhanced moisture availability in the Holocene (∼ 12–0 ka) supported the expansion of Cyperaceae-specific morphotypes. Microcharcoal and discolored phytoliths suggest fire episodes around ∼ 14.4 ka and ∼ 3.3 ka. Diatom evidence (Pinnularia sp.) indicates acidic wetland conditions in the early Holocene. Modern soils show increased Panicoideae morphotypes, reflecting natural inputs and introduced grasses. Phytoliths robustly reflect vegetation history and enhance multi-proxy reconstructions of subtropical wetlands.
{"title":"Phytolith-based vegetational reconstruction from Jumping Grass Marsh, Minjerribah, in the Australian subtropics","authors":"Manoshi Hazra , Alison Crowther , Patrick Moss , John Tibby , Francesca McInerney , Sangbaran Ghoshmaulik , Melodina Fabillo , Khairun Nisha Bte Mohamed Ramdzan , Kevin Welsh","doi":"10.1016/j.revpalbo.2026.105500","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.revpalbo.2026.105500","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Phytoliths are a valuable tool for reconstructing localized past vegetation, particularly in Restionaceae rich peatlands of subtropical Australia. Despite the significance of subtropical Australia for understanding vegetation–climate dynamics during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), no continuous phytolith records have previously been reported from subtropical eastern Australia. Jumping Grass Marsh, located on Minjerribah (North Stradbroke Island), preserves a 2.5 m organic-rich sequence extending from 27 ka BP to the present. This study reconstructs long-term vegetation dynamics using the phytolith record and evaluates how wetland taxa, grasses, and fire responded to past environmental changes in the subtropics. Phytoliths were extracted at 10 cm intervals, with 22 morphotypes identified and classified following ICPN 2.0 standards. A modern reference collection from wetland plants and soils supported taxonomic attribution, while complementary evidence from microcharcoal, sediment organic matter, and particle-size analysis refined palaeoenvironmental interpretation. The phytolith record demonstrates long-term persistence of restiad wetlands from the early glacial period (><!--> <!-->22 ka) to the present, with Restionaceae morphotypes dominating throughout. Grass abundance increased during the Last Glacial Maximum and reached its peak in the deglacial phase (∼<!--> <!-->15.7 ka). Enhanced moisture availability in the Holocene (∼<!--> <!-->12–0 ka) supported the expansion of Cyperaceae-specific morphotypes. Microcharcoal and discolored phytoliths suggest fire episodes around ∼<!--> <!-->14.4 ka and ∼ 3.3 ka. Diatom evidence (<em>Pinnularia</em> sp.) indicates acidic wetland conditions in the early Holocene. Modern soils show increased Panicoideae morphotypes, reflecting natural inputs and introduced grasses. Phytoliths robustly reflect vegetation history and enhance multi-proxy reconstructions of subtropical wetlands.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54488,"journal":{"name":"Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 105500"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145908708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-02DOI: 10.1016/j.revpalbo.2026.105499
Matias Delfosse-Allain , Roberta Branz , Iván R. Barreiro , Evelyn Kustatscher
Plant meso-fossils are crucial in paleobotanical studies, including taxonomy, paleoecology and plant–animal interactions. However, Cisuralian (early Permian) plant meso-remains such as dispersed cuticles, wood fragments and pollen aggregate, are extremely rare. One exceptional outcrop yielding late Kungurian plant mesofossils is Gorl in the Athesian Volcanic District (Northern Italy). Dispersed cuticles confirm the presence of Peltaspermales and describe the cuticle of conifer shoots previously assigned to Hermitia and ten new cuticle morphotypes. Five of these belong to conifers, one belongs to the Peltaspermales, whereas the botanical affinity of the other four remains uncertain. Dispersed cuticles yielded also traces of plant–animal interactions of the piercing and sucking type. A megaspore confirms the presence of lycophytes in the flora. Two types of pollen aggregates yielded Protohaploxypinus-type pollen. Statistical analysis on the epidermal pattern of the leaves of Conifer morphotype 3 and Dwarf shoot type 1 demonstrates that these two taxa belong to the same biological species. The mesofossils integrate the macro- and micro-fossil record increasing the diversity on this late Kungurian site.
{"title":"An exceptional plant mesofossil assemblage from the Kungurian (early Permian) locality of Gorl (Southern Alps, northern Italy)","authors":"Matias Delfosse-Allain , Roberta Branz , Iván R. Barreiro , Evelyn Kustatscher","doi":"10.1016/j.revpalbo.2026.105499","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.revpalbo.2026.105499","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Plant meso-fossils are crucial in paleobotanical studies, including taxonomy, paleoecology and plant–animal interactions. However, Cisuralian (early Permian) plant meso-remains such as dispersed cuticles, wood fragments and pollen aggregate, are extremely rare. One exceptional outcrop yielding late Kungurian plant mesofossils is Gorl in the Athesian Volcanic District (Northern Italy). Dispersed cuticles confirm the presence of Peltaspermales and describe the cuticle of conifer shoots previously assigned to <em>Hermitia</em> and ten new cuticle morphotypes. Five of these belong to conifers, one belongs to the Peltaspermales, whereas the botanical affinity of the other four remains uncertain. Dispersed cuticles yielded also traces of plant–animal interactions of the piercing and sucking type. A megaspore confirms the presence of lycophytes in the flora. Two types of pollen aggregates yielded <em>Protohaploxypinus</em>-type pollen. Statistical analysis on the epidermal pattern of the leaves of Conifer morphotype 3 and Dwarf shoot type 1 demonstrates that these two taxa belong to the same biological species. The mesofossils integrate the macro- and micro-fossil record increasing the diversity on this late Kungurian site.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54488,"journal":{"name":"Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 105499"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145928784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sycidium is one of the most emblematic charophyte genera of the Palaeozoic, characterised by its peculiar morphology, temporally persistent fossil record and cosmopolitan distribution. In this study, we present novel insights into the bilateral symmetry of the utricle, based on a previously overlooked character observed in a well-preserved assemblage of Sycidium cf. spinuliferum from the Upper Devonian of Armenia. Notably, a distinct cell wall gap is present between adjacent polygonal cells within a row, facilitating intercellular connectivity and suggesting that these rows functioned as a cohesive structural unit. This configuration supports a revised symmetry model for the utricle, expressed as (2-1-3-1-2) × 2, where the numbers denote groups of cell rows interconnected via wall gaps. The Armenian material further shows that the presumed oospore was directly enclosed within the utricle, lacking a gyrogonite. Small canals in the poles of polygonal cells may have enabled limited exchange between the egg cell and the external environment through the thick utricle wall. The prominent central canal is interpreted as the last repository of the cytoplasm during the final stages of a centripetal calcification. Additionally, this study documents a previously unrecognised mode of calcification in charophytes characterised by a spongy microstructure. These findings collectively reinforce the hypothesis that Sycidium represents an independent evolutionary lineage within the Charophyta.
{"title":"Unlocking the architecture of ancient charophyte fructifications: The utricle of Sycidium from the Upper Devonian of Armenia","authors":"Carles Martín-Closas , Vahram Serobyan , Nune Avagyan , Gayane Grigoryan , Armine Khacahtryan , Olev Vinn , Taniel Danelian","doi":"10.1016/j.revpalbo.2025.105498","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.revpalbo.2025.105498","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Sycidium</em> is one of the most emblematic charophyte genera of the Palaeozoic, characterised by its peculiar morphology, temporally persistent fossil record and cosmopolitan distribution. In this study, we present novel insights into the bilateral symmetry of the utricle, based on a previously overlooked character observed in a well-preserved assemblage of <em>Sycidium</em> cf. <em>spinuliferum</em> from the Upper Devonian of Armenia. Notably, a distinct cell wall gap is present between adjacent polygonal cells within a row, facilitating intercellular connectivity and suggesting that these rows functioned as a cohesive structural unit. This configuration supports a revised symmetry model for the utricle, expressed as (2-1-3-1-2) × 2, where the numbers denote groups of cell rows interconnected via wall gaps. The Armenian material further shows that the presumed oospore was directly enclosed within the utricle, lacking a gyrogonite. Small canals in the poles of polygonal cells may have enabled limited exchange between the egg cell and the external environment through the thick utricle wall. The prominent central canal is interpreted as the last repository of the cytoplasm during the final stages of a centripetal calcification. Additionally, this study documents a previously unrecognised mode of calcification in charophytes characterised by a spongy microstructure. These findings collectively reinforce the hypothesis that <em>Sycidium</em> represents an independent evolutionary lineage within the Charophyta.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54488,"journal":{"name":"Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology","volume":"346 ","pages":"Article 105498"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145840097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A new species of voltzialean male strobili Willsiostrobus, W. mogitchevii sp. nov., is described from the Early Triassic Bugarikta Formation of the Tunguska Basin, Russia. The morphology of the strobilus and distal lamina is evaluated in reflected light and with help of computer microtomography. In situ pollen grains are studied with help of transmitted light and fluorescence microscopy, and scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The bisaccate pollen grains are assignable to Illinites-type, with the sacci showing an intermediate ultrastructure between proto- and eusacci. The new species is most similar to W. willsii (Townrow) Grauvogel-Stamm et Schaarschmidt from the Triassic of West Europe. Unlike Euramerica, Voltziales are rarely reported from the Triassic of Angaraland, and the finds are mostly represented by vegetative remains. New data on the diversity of fertile structures of voltzialean conifers are obtained, and the geographic range of the genus Willsiostrobus is expanded.
报道了俄罗斯通古斯盆地早三叠世Bugarikta组volzialean雄性strobili Willsiostrobus， W. mogitchevii sp. nov.一新种。在反射光和计算机显微断层扫描的帮助下，评估球茎和远端板的形态。利用透射光显微镜、荧光显微镜、扫描电镜和透射电镜对原位花粉进行了研究。双孢粉粒可归为illinites型，花粉囊具有介于原孢和真孢之间的超微结构。这一新物种与西欧三叠纪的W. willsii (Townrow) Grauvogel-Stamm et Schaarschmidt最为相似。与欧美不同，安加拉兰三叠纪的volziales很少被报道，而且发现的大多是植物遗骸。获得了伏氏针叶树可育结构多样性的新资料，扩大了伏氏针叶树属的地理分布范围。
{"title":"A voltzialean strobilus with in situ pollen from the Early Triassic of Tunguska Basin (Russia, Siberia)","authors":"Eugeny Karasev , Tatiana Foraponova , Natalia Zavialova","doi":"10.1016/j.revpalbo.2025.105497","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.revpalbo.2025.105497","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A new species of voltzialean male strobili <em>Willsiostrobus</em>, <em>W. mogitchevii</em> sp. nov., is described from the Early Triassic Bugarikta Formation of the Tunguska Basin, Russia. The morphology of the strobilus and distal lamina is evaluated in reflected light and with help of computer microtomography. In situ pollen grains are studied with help of transmitted light and fluorescence microscopy, and scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The bisaccate pollen grains are assignable to <em>Illinites</em>-type, with the sacci showing an intermediate ultrastructure between proto- and eusacci. The new species is most similar to <em>W. willsii</em> (Townrow) Grauvogel-Stamm et Schaarschmidt from the Triassic of West Europe. Unlike Euramerica, Voltziales are rarely reported from the Triassic of Angaraland, and the finds are mostly represented by vegetative remains. New data on the diversity of fertile structures of voltzialean conifers are obtained, and the geographic range of the genus <em>Willsiostrobus</em> is expanded.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54488,"journal":{"name":"Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology","volume":"346 ","pages":"Article 105497"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145840096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-12DOI: 10.1016/j.revpalbo.2025.105495
Léa De Brito
The exceptional preservation of pinaceous fossils from the Wealden facies deposits (Barremian–Albian) is demonstrated by both the abundance of specimens and the remarkable preservation, with extremely well-preserved internal and external anatomy. This exceptional preservation enables a preliminary ex situ study to describe their modes of preservation and reconstruct the broad taphonomic pathways leading to the fossilization of these ovulate cones. The systematic observation of Belgian Lower Cretaceous pinaceous material has led to the recognition of four distinct types of preservation, each reflecting different taphonomic histories, along with marked differences between geographically close localities. A comparative analysis with ovulate cones of extant Pinaceae deposited in modern forest ecosystems was conducted to establish links between cone degradation patterns and environmental conditions. These comparisons with present-day degradation processes in natural environments support a detailed interpretation of one specific fossilization pathway (type I), corresponding to cones deposited in a forest environment and subsequently subjected to rapid burial. The ex situ examination of this historical collection, despite the absence of an accurate stratigraphic context, provides valuable insights into the reconstruction of broad but nonetheless informative taphonomic features that may relate to past environmental conditions. These results provide new information about the paleoenvironmental context during the Early Cretaceous in this region. Altogether, these findings contribute new and significant information regarding the ecology and environmental settings of early Pinaceae, as well as other organisms preserved within the same sedimentary contexts, thereby enriching our understanding of Barremian–Albian ecosystems in the Wealden facies of Belgium.
{"title":"Taphonomic study of Pinaceae ovulate cones from the Lower Cretaceous of Belgium and paleoenvironmental implications","authors":"Léa De Brito","doi":"10.1016/j.revpalbo.2025.105495","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.revpalbo.2025.105495","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The exceptional preservation of pinaceous fossils from the Wealden facies deposits (Barremian–Albian) is demonstrated by both the abundance of specimens and the remarkable preservation, with extremely well-preserved internal and external anatomy. This exceptional preservation enables a preliminary <em>ex situ</em> study to describe their modes of preservation and reconstruct the broad taphonomic pathways leading to the fossilization of these ovulate cones. The systematic observation of Belgian Lower Cretaceous pinaceous material has led to the recognition of four distinct types of preservation, each reflecting different taphonomic histories, along with marked differences between geographically close localities. A comparative analysis with ovulate cones of extant Pinaceae deposited in modern forest ecosystems was conducted to establish links between cone degradation patterns and environmental conditions. These comparisons with present-day degradation processes in natural environments support a detailed interpretation of one specific fossilization pathway (type I), corresponding to cones deposited in a forest environment and subsequently subjected to rapid burial. The <em>ex situ</em> examination of this historical collection, despite the absence of an accurate stratigraphic context, provides valuable insights into the reconstruction of broad but nonetheless informative taphonomic features that may relate to past environmental conditions. These results provide new information about the paleoenvironmental context during the Early Cretaceous in this region. Altogether, these findings contribute new and significant information regarding the ecology and environmental settings of early Pinaceae, as well as other organisms preserved within the same sedimentary contexts, thereby enriching our understanding of Barremian–Albian ecosystems in the Wealden facies of Belgium.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54488,"journal":{"name":"Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology","volume":"346 ","pages":"Article 105495"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145797689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-11DOI: 10.1016/j.revpalbo.2025.105496
Anning Cui , Jianping Zhang , Xingqi Liu , Deke Xu , Hao Li , Baoshuo Fan , Houyuan Lu
Accurately estimating the net primary productivity (NPP) accumulated by vegetation during the geological periods and explore its relationship to climatic factors is crucial for assessing terrestrial ecosystem function and global carbon cycle. As the vital component of the terrestrial ecosystem, the Tibetan Plateau (TP) stores substantial NPP and is sensitive to climate changes. However, the current NPP records over the TP are generally limited to recent decades due to lack of effective proxy of paleo-NPP, and mainly focus on its response to temperature change. Here, we present a paleo-NPP record quantitatively reconstructed from fossil pollen assemblages in the northern TP during the past two millennia and discussed its response to precipitation. The results revealed the dynamics of paleo-NPP closely related to the content of Artemisia and Chenopodiaceae, showed positive correlation with Artemisia and negative correlation with Chenopodiaceae. Additionally, the paleo-NPP showed a closely relationship with the precipitation during the rainy season, which are coincide with the growth season of the alpine plants. This study suggested the significant effects of seasonal precipitation on the terrestrial NPP during the past two millennia and provide a new perspective for understanding terrestrial ecosystem carbon cycle.
{"title":"The paleoclimatic footprint in the terrestrial net primary productivity of the northern Tibetan Plateau","authors":"Anning Cui , Jianping Zhang , Xingqi Liu , Deke Xu , Hao Li , Baoshuo Fan , Houyuan Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.revpalbo.2025.105496","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.revpalbo.2025.105496","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurately estimating the net primary productivity (NPP) accumulated by vegetation during the geological periods and explore its relationship to climatic factors is crucial for assessing terrestrial ecosystem function and global carbon cycle. As the vital component of the terrestrial ecosystem, the Tibetan Plateau (TP) stores substantial NPP and is sensitive to climate changes. However, the current NPP records over the TP are generally limited to recent decades due to lack of effective proxy of paleo-NPP, and mainly focus on its response to temperature change. Here, we present a paleo-NPP record quantitatively reconstructed from fossil pollen assemblages in the northern TP during the past two millennia and discussed its response to precipitation. The results revealed the dynamics of paleo-NPP closely related to the content of <em>Artemisia</em> and Chenopodiaceae, showed positive correlation with <em>Artemisia</em> and negative correlation with Chenopodiaceae. Additionally, the paleo-NPP showed a closely relationship with the precipitation during the rainy season, which are coincide with the growth season of the alpine plants. This study suggested the significant effects of seasonal precipitation on the terrestrial NPP during the past two millennia and provide a new perspective for understanding terrestrial ecosystem carbon cycle.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54488,"journal":{"name":"Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology","volume":"346 ","pages":"Article 105496"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145797683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-10DOI: 10.1016/j.revpalbo.2025.105493
Muhammad Imran Asghar , Jiři Bek , Josef Pšenička , Jun Wang
A new sigillarian megaspores species Sublagenicula echinata sp. nov., preserved in situ within a volcanic ash bed from the Early Permian (Asselian) Taiyuan Formation, Wuda Coalfield, Inner Mongolia is proposed. The species is distinguished by a circular to subtriangular amb, prominent trilete rays and a pyramidal subgula. The proximal-distal body bears a unique combination of laevigate, granulate, and echinate sculpture, with the echinate processes being mamillate at base and apically constricted. Analysis of the in situ megaspore population reveals a consistent range of intraspecific morphological variation, which is independent of developmental context of spores and found across the strobili. This discovery represents the first and youngest in-situ record of Sublagenicula, confirming its biological link to Sigillaria and significantly expanding the known paleogeographic distribution and diversity of this genus in the Permian of Cathaysia.
{"title":"Sublagenicula echinata sp. nov., a new sigillarian in situ megaspore from the Early Permian of Inner Mongolia, China","authors":"Muhammad Imran Asghar , Jiři Bek , Josef Pšenička , Jun Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.revpalbo.2025.105493","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.revpalbo.2025.105493","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A new sigillarian megaspores species <em>Sublagenicula echinata</em> sp. nov., preserved in situ within a volcanic ash bed from the Early Permian (Asselian) Taiyuan Formation, Wuda Coalfield, Inner Mongolia is proposed. The species is distinguished by a circular to subtriangular amb, prominent trilete rays and a pyramidal subgula. The proximal-distal body bears a unique combination of laevigate, granulate, and echinate sculpture, with the echinate processes being mamillate at base and apically constricted. Analysis of the in situ megaspore population reveals a consistent range of intraspecific morphological variation, which is independent of developmental context of spores and found across the strobili. This discovery represents the first and youngest in-situ record of <em>Sublagenicula</em>, confirming its biological link to <em>Sigillaria</em> and significantly expanding the known paleogeographic distribution and diversity of this genus in the Permian of Cathaysia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54488,"journal":{"name":"Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology","volume":"346 ","pages":"Article 105493"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145797688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-10DOI: 10.1016/j.revpalbo.2025.105494
Cheng Xie , Jiahao Cai , Tao Yang , Tonglin Li , Xinmeng Zhang , Qianying Zhuang , Yuyun Zhang , Defei Yan
Podocarpium (Leguminosae) is an extinct genus of Leguminosae widely documented in Cenozoic strata across Eurasia, but the lack of fossil evidence from key regions and critical time points limits the understanding of its evolutionary history and early dispersal patterns. In this study, we focus on the Early Oligocene Podocarpium of the Huatugou area in the western Qaidam Basin, located in the northeastern of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP). Through detailed morphological observation and comparison, they are identified as a new species, named Podocarpium minicum C. Xie et D.-F. Yan sp. nov., characterized by irregularly oval pod shape, a sharply constricted apex, extremely small size, and the ratio of stipe/valve length ratio is more than 2. Based on the available fossil record, it is hypothesized that this genus may have originated in the Indian subcontinent. After migrating into the QTP, it underwent rapid radiation and further dispersed across Eurasia. The discovery of P. minicum sp. nov. suggests that the genus may have possessed relatively high diversity and a broad distribution in the Qaidam Basin. This fossil record reveals a potential “multi-track evolutionary mechanism” employed by the genus in response to environmental changes, while also reflecting that the EOT (Eocene–Oligocene Transition) may have indirectly influenced the climate of study area. This finding not only provides important evidence for understanding the evolutionary and distributional history of the genus but also offers further support for the hypothesis that it spread into Europe via a high-latitude route crossing the Turgai Strait.
豆科植物Podocarpium （Leguminosae）是一种已灭绝的豆科植物属，广泛存在于欧亚大陆新生代地层中，但缺乏来自关键地区和关键时间点的化石证据，限制了对其进化历史和早期传播模式的认识。通过详细的形态观察和比较，鉴定为一新种，命名为Podocarpium minum C. Xie et d . f。其特征为不规则卵圆形荚形，先端狭窄，体积极小，茎杆/瓣长比大于2。根据现有的化石记录，人们推测这一属可能起源于印度次大陆。在迁移到青藏高原后，它经历了快速辐射并进一步分散到欧亚大陆。该属的发现表明该属在柴达木盆地可能具有较高的多样性和广泛的分布。这一化石记录揭示了该属对环境变化的潜在“多径进化机制”，同时也反映了始新世-渐新世过渡时期可能间接影响了研究区气候。这一发现不仅为了解该属的进化和分布历史提供了重要证据，而且还进一步支持了它通过穿越图尔盖海峡的高纬度路线传播到欧洲的假设。
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Pub Date : 2025-12-08DOI: 10.1016/j.revpalbo.2025.105478
M.K. Macphail , H. Westermann , R.S. Hill
Isotopic (40Ar/39Ar) dates and biostratigraphic criteria demonstrate an interbedded volcaniclastic and lacustrine sedimentary sequence exposed by a landslip at c. 600 m elevation on the southern escarpment of the Bulga Plateau near the village of Elands, mid north coast of NSW, was deposited during the early stages (c. 17–16.6 Ma) of the Middle Miocene Climate Optimum (MMCO) and about 10 Ma after the collision of the Australian and Southeast Asian plates. The extinct Araucariaceae-broadleaf temperate rainforest community represented by fossil pollen and spores included Nothofagus as well as a number of thermophile taxa consistent with global warming but almost none of the subtropical taxa with Southeast Asian affinities now found in rainforest on the Bulga Plateau. We conclude that the migration of the Southeast Asian rainforest taxa did not extend as far south as latitude 31°S and upslope as high as c. 600 m elevation on this near-coastal plateau in NSW by c. 16.6 Ma. Nonetheless, MMCO warming might have prevented a number of temperate taxa from migrating further north than southeast Queensland during the Miocene e.g., Nothofagus moorei and Lophosoria. One consequence is the large number of ‘Gondwanan’ morphospecies shared with sequences in southern Australia allows biostratigraphies developed for the continental margin basins in southeast Australia to be used to date Paleogene to Early Neogene sediments in northern NSW and southern Queensland.
{"title":"A Middle Miocene Climate Optimum (MMCO) plant community in eastern Australia deconstructed – The plant microfossil record","authors":"M.K. Macphail , H. Westermann , R.S. Hill","doi":"10.1016/j.revpalbo.2025.105478","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.revpalbo.2025.105478","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Isotopic (<sup>40</sup>Ar/<sup>39</sup>Ar) dates and biostratigraphic criteria demonstrate an interbedded volcaniclastic and lacustrine sedimentary sequence exposed by a landslip at c. 600 m elevation on the southern escarpment of the Bulga Plateau near the village of Elands, mid north coast of NSW, was deposited during the early stages (c. 17–16.6 Ma) of the Middle Miocene Climate Optimum (MMCO) and about 10 Ma after the collision of the Australian and Southeast Asian plates. The extinct Araucariaceae-broadleaf temperate rainforest community represented by fossil pollen and spores included <em>Nothofagus</em> as well as a number of thermophile taxa consistent with global warming but almost none of the subtropical taxa with Southeast Asian affinities now found in rainforest on the Bulga Plateau. We conclude that the migration of the Southeast Asian rainforest taxa did not extend as far south as latitude 31°S and upslope as high as c. 600 m elevation on this near-coastal plateau in NSW by c. 16.6 Ma. Nonetheless, MMCO warming might have prevented a number of temperate taxa from migrating further north than southeast Queensland during the Miocene e.g., <em>Nothofagus moorei</em> and <em>Lophosoria</em>. One consequence is the large number of ‘Gondwanan’ morphospecies shared with sequences in southern Australia allows biostratigraphies developed for the continental margin basins in southeast Australia to be used to date Paleogene to Early Neogene sediments in northern NSW and southern Queensland.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54488,"journal":{"name":"Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology","volume":"346 ","pages":"Article 105478"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145884572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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