Pub Date : 2026-01-20DOI: 10.1016/j.revpalbo.2026.105513
Natalya Nosova , Natalia Zavialova
We present new data on the anatomy and the first data on the ultrastructure of all cuticles and the megaspore membrane of a seed of Allicospermum angrenicum from the Middle Jurassic Angren Formation of the Angren locality in Uzbekistan. A transmission electron microscope study reveals the outer and inner cuticles of the integument, the cuticle of the nucellus, and the megaspore membrane. The cuticular membrane of the outer integument is composed of a cuticle homogeneous proper and a cuticular fibrillar layer. The megaspore membrane is made up of a patterned layer and a homogeneous foot layer. The patterned layer is composed of crowded bacula arranged vertically or rarely obliquely to the foot layer that is why some of them look as rounded or oval bodies on transverse or oblique sections. Several homogeneous orbicule-like bodies were observed in the upper part of the megaspore membrane. A pollen grain was found entrapped in the seed. The monosulcate pollen has an ectexine with a solid prominent tectum, a prominent infratectum that shows alternation of alveoli with rounded outlines and transversely elongated alveoli, and a thin insignificant foot layer, and a more electron dense endexine. The information on the seed anatomy and ultrastructure does not exclude both cycadalean and ginkgoalean affinities of the find, whereas the pollen characters definitely point to the cycadalean affinity.
{"title":"A seed of Allicospermum angrenicum Nosova from the Middle Jurassic of Uzbekistan with a trapped pollen grain","authors":"Natalya Nosova , Natalia Zavialova","doi":"10.1016/j.revpalbo.2026.105513","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.revpalbo.2026.105513","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We present new data on the anatomy and the first data on the ultrastructure of all cuticles and the megaspore membrane of a seed of <em>Allicospermum angrenicum</em> from the Middle Jurassic Angren Formation of the Angren locality in Uzbekistan. A transmission electron microscope study reveals the outer and inner cuticles of the integument, the cuticle of the nucellus, and the megaspore membrane. The cuticular membrane of the outer integument is composed of a cuticle homogeneous proper and a cuticular fibrillar layer. The megaspore membrane is made up of a patterned layer and a homogeneous foot layer. The patterned layer is composed of crowded bacula arranged vertically or rarely obliquely to the foot layer that is why some of them look as rounded or oval bodies on transverse or oblique sections. Several homogeneous orbicule-like bodies were observed in the upper part of the megaspore membrane. A pollen grain was found entrapped in the seed. The monosulcate pollen has an ectexine with a solid prominent tectum, a prominent infratectum that shows alternation of alveoli with rounded outlines and transversely elongated alveoli, and a thin insignificant foot layer, and a more electron dense endexine. The information on the seed anatomy and ultrastructure does not exclude both cycadalean and ginkgoalean affinities of the find, whereas the pollen characters definitely point to the cycadalean affinity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54488,"journal":{"name":"Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology","volume":"348 ","pages":"Article 105513"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146191089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-17DOI: 10.1016/j.revpalbo.2026.105512
Alexandru Gabriel Călin, Mihai Emilian Popa, Roxana Pirnea
The Petroșani Basin of the South Carpathians, Romania, yields frequent permineralized wood material confined to the Chattian, coal bearing Dâlja-Uricani Formation. This study represents the first comprehensive taxonomic and systematic investigation of the basin's permineralized flora, in the larger area of the South Carpathians which until now remained largely unstudied for Oligocene woods. The newly collected material belongs to Family Cupressaceae sensu lato and is assigned to two genera: Taxodioxylon and Glyptostroboxylon, with four species: Taxodioxylon germanicum (Greguss) Van der Burgh, T. taxodii Gothan, T. gypsaceum (Göppert) Kräusel, and Glyptostroboxylon rudolphii Dolezych et Van der Burgh. The assemblage represents primary coal generators of a conifer dominated swamp vegetation that developed under a warm-temperate, humid climate in Petroșani Basin during the Late Oligocene.
Petroșani南喀尔巴阡山脉盆地，罗马尼亚，生产频繁的过矿化木材材料仅限于茶田，含煤的d lja- uricani组。这项研究代表了对盆地过矿化植物群的第一次全面的分类和系统的调查，在南喀尔巴阡山脉的更大范围内，直到现在还没有对渐新世森林进行研究。新收集的材料属于柏科sensu lato，分属Taxodioxylon和Glyptostroboxylon 2属，有Taxodioxylon germanicum (Greguss) Van der Burgh、t.t taxodii Gothan、t.g ypsaceum (Göppert) Kräusel和Glyptostroboxylon rudolphii Dolezych et Van der Burgh 4种。该组合代表了晚渐新世Petroșani盆地暖温带湿润气候下以针叶树为主的沼泽植被的初级产煤装置。
{"title":"Oligocene coniferous woods of the Petroșani Basin, South Carpathians, Romania","authors":"Alexandru Gabriel Călin, Mihai Emilian Popa, Roxana Pirnea","doi":"10.1016/j.revpalbo.2026.105512","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.revpalbo.2026.105512","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Petroșani Basin of the South Carpathians, Romania, yields frequent permineralized wood material confined to the Chattian, coal bearing Dâlja-Uricani Formation. This study represents the first comprehensive taxonomic and systematic investigation of the basin's permineralized flora, in the larger area of the South Carpathians which until now remained largely unstudied for Oligocene woods. The newly collected material belongs to Family Cupressaceae sensu lato and is assigned to two genera: <em>Taxodioxylon</em> and <em>Glyptostroboxylon</em>, with four species: <em>Taxodioxylon germanicum</em> (Greguss) Van der Burgh, <em>T. taxodii</em> Gothan, <em>T. gypsaceum</em> (Göppert) Kräusel, and <em>Glyptostroboxylon rudolphii</em> Dolezych et Van der Burgh. The assemblage represents primary coal generators of a conifer dominated swamp vegetation that developed under a warm-temperate, humid climate in Petroșani Basin during the Late Oligocene.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54488,"journal":{"name":"Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 105512"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146023914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Site-specific modern pollen assemblages are essential for interpreting fossil records, yet their links to local conditions and surrounding landscapes are often poorly understood. This study presents a modern palynological dataset from subsurface sediments of the shallow Burano and Orbetello lagoons in Tuscany, Italy. This dataset is part of a broader project which includes fossil sediment cores from the same basins. Spatially distributed samples were analyzed for grain-size, pollen, non-pollen palynomorphs, and sieved charcoal, with water physico-chemical parameters measured at each site. Terrestrial pollen assemblages mainly reflect regional wind-pollinated vegetation but show strong distortions, with forests overrepresented and open areas—especially cereal crops and vineyards—underrepresented. Modern calibration of Pinus and Olea pollen registrations is particularly informative given their key role in local human-driven landscape change. Sieved charcoal (> 125 μm), a proxy for local fire, is unevenly distributed and correlated with Glomus chlamydospores, indicating additional transport via runoff. At Burano, intra-basin pollen deposition is largely controlled by morphometric and sedimentological factors which explain 58.1% of the observed variance. In contrast, at the Orbetello lagoon, these factors explain only 26.7% of the variance, reflecting more complex hydrodynamic controls on sediment and pollen redistribution. Among aquatic groups, brackish macrophytes dominate across broad salinity ranges, primarily controlled by water depth, salinity, and associated with dissolved oxygen. Microalgal groups respond to temperature and nutrient availability, with high concentrations of harmful algae (Alexandrium spp.) indicating ecological stress. Overall, this modern spatial dataset provides a site-specific framework for interpreting fossil records and reconstructing past environmental changes. It also demonstrates the potential of combining palaeoecological research with modern data to translate scientific knowledge into practical applications for biodiversity conservation.
{"title":"Modern palynological assemblages from nearby Mediterranean coastal lagoons: implications for palaeoecological interpretation","authors":"Federica Badino , Adele Bertini , Matteo Pili , Rossano Ciampalini , Davide Baroni , Giacomo Querci , Cècile Vittori , Jean-Philippe Goiran","doi":"10.1016/j.revpalbo.2026.105502","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.revpalbo.2026.105502","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Site-specific modern pollen assemblages are essential for interpreting fossil records, yet their links to local conditions and surrounding landscapes are often poorly understood. This study presents a modern palynological dataset from subsurface sediments of the shallow Burano and Orbetello lagoons in Tuscany, Italy. This dataset is part of a broader project which includes fossil sediment cores from the same basins. Spatially distributed samples were analyzed for grain-size, pollen, non-pollen palynomorphs, and sieved charcoal, with water physico-chemical parameters measured at each site. Terrestrial pollen assemblages mainly reflect regional wind-pollinated vegetation but show strong distortions, with forests overrepresented and open areas—especially cereal crops and vineyards—underrepresented. Modern calibration of <em>Pinus</em> and <em>Olea</em> pollen registrations is particularly informative given their key role in local human-driven landscape change. Sieved charcoal (><!--> <!-->125 μm), a proxy for local fire, is unevenly distributed and correlated with <em>Glomus</em> chlamydospores, indicating additional transport via runoff. At Burano, intra-basin pollen deposition is largely controlled by morphometric and sedimentological factors which explain 58.1% of the observed variance. In contrast, at the Orbetello lagoon, these factors explain only 26.7% of the variance, reflecting more complex hydrodynamic controls on sediment and pollen redistribution. Among aquatic groups, brackish macrophytes dominate across broad salinity ranges, primarily controlled by water depth, salinity, and associated with dissolved oxygen. Microalgal groups respond to temperature and nutrient availability, with high concentrations of harmful algae (<em>Alexandrium</em> spp.) indicating ecological stress. Overall, this modern spatial dataset provides a site-specific framework for interpreting fossil records and reconstructing past environmental changes. It also demonstrates the potential of combining palaeoecological research with modern data to translate scientific knowledge into practical applications for biodiversity conservation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54488,"journal":{"name":"Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 105502"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146023912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-12DOI: 10.1016/j.revpalbo.2026.105511
Iván R. Barreiro , Artai A. Santos , Sreepat Jain , Mariusz A. Salamon , José B. Diez
During the Late Jurassic, Earth experienced significant environmental changes impacting both marine and terrestrial ecosystems. This study combines new palynological and ammonite associations from the Brzostówka section, central Poland. The work aims to improve the stratigraphical resolution using ammonoid-based dating and interpret the paleoenvironment and paleoecology of the marine and terrestrial communities during the latest Jurassic. Ammonites Blaschkeiceras sp. and Ernstbrunnia sp. are identified underlying the newly reported palynological association belonging to the Standard Tethyan Fallauxi Zone. Both marine (more abundant) and terrestrial palynomorphs are reported. A total of 42 morphotypes were identified, and key taxa such as Cicatricosisporites sp., Wrevittia diutina, Pilosidinium myriatrichum, Dingodinium jurassicum, and Dingodinium minutum were used for age assignment corresponding to the upper part of the lower Tithonian, consistent with ammonite biozonation. The presence of ammonites and the dominance of marine palynomorphs indicates a marine or paralic depositional environment, likely within the neritic zone. The marine fraction of the palynological association is dominated by Gonyaulacales and indicates an environment with low nutrient availability. The plant communities, likely located in coastal areas close to the depositional site, were dominated by Cheirolepidiaceae conifers suggesting warm conditions. Additionally, the presence of other gymnosperm pollen and diverse spores of pteridophytes and bryophytes unveil the presence of a variety of plant families living in the area, with several ferns and mosses families inhabiting humid environments near freshwater sources.
{"title":"Integrated palynological and ammonoid data from the uppermost Jurassic (Tithonian) deposits of Brzostówka, Poland, and its biostratigraphical and paleoenvironmental implications","authors":"Iván R. Barreiro , Artai A. Santos , Sreepat Jain , Mariusz A. Salamon , José B. Diez","doi":"10.1016/j.revpalbo.2026.105511","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.revpalbo.2026.105511","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>During the Late Jurassic, Earth experienced significant environmental changes impacting both marine and terrestrial ecosystems. This study combines new palynological and ammonite associations from the Brzostówka section, central Poland. The work aims to improve the stratigraphical resolution using ammonoid-based dating and interpret the paleoenvironment and paleoecology of the marine and terrestrial communities during the latest Jurassic. Ammonites <em>Blaschkeiceras</em> sp. and <em>Ernstbrunnia</em> sp. are identified underlying the newly reported palynological association belonging to the Standard Tethyan <em>Fallauxi</em> Zone. Both marine (more abundant) and terrestrial palynomorphs are reported. A total of 42 morphotypes were identified, and key taxa such as <em>Cicatricosisporites</em> sp., <em>Wrevittia diutina</em>, <em>Pilosidinium myriatrichum</em>, <em>Dingodinium jurassicum</em>, and <em>Dingodinium minutum</em> were used for age assignment corresponding to the upper part of the lower Tithonian, consistent with ammonite biozonation. The presence of ammonites and the dominance of marine palynomorphs indicates a marine or paralic depositional environment, likely within the neritic zone. The marine fraction of the palynological association is dominated by Gonyaulacales and indicates an environment with low nutrient availability. The plant communities, likely located in coastal areas close to the depositional site, were dominated by Cheirolepidiaceae conifers suggesting warm conditions. Additionally, the presence of other gymnosperm pollen and diverse spores of pteridophytes and bryophytes unveil the presence of a variety of plant families living in the area, with several ferns and mosses families inhabiting humid environments near freshwater sources.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54488,"journal":{"name":"Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 105511"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146023913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-08DOI: 10.1016/j.revpalbo.2026.105501
Facundo De Benedetti , María C. Zamaloa , María A. Gandolfo , Néstor R. Cúneo
The fossil non-pollen palynomorph genus Palambages Wetzel comprises spheroidal bodies, composed of many oval, membranous cells. The original generic diagnosis was imprecise and overly broad. Herein, its diagnosis is emended through three main modifications: 1) the number of constituent cells per cluster follows a 2n pattern; 2) clusters are exclusively hollow and comprise a single peripheral layer of thin-walled cells; and 3) each cell possesses a central operculate aperture on the outer face. The new revised description minimizes overlapping with other morphologically similar cell clusters. The type species, Palambages morulosa, is also emended. All six species previously attributed to Palambages are reassessed to evaluate their taxonomic placement. P. morulosa and P. trilicius are retained within Palambages. Three species are transferred to the fungal spore genera Papulosporonites (i.e., Papulosporonites canadensis comb. nov., and Papulosporonites polycellularis comb. nov.) and Polyadosporites (i.e., Polyadosporites colonicus comb. nov.). The species P. pariunta probably represents a new genus and species pending direct examination of its type material. Notably, the two species retained in the genus have been recovered from marine to brackish deposits, suggesting an affinity with marine phytoplankton—a hypothesis further supported by sedimentological and paleontological proxies.
{"title":"Systematic revision of the non-pollen palynomorph Palambages Wetzel, 1961","authors":"Facundo De Benedetti , María C. Zamaloa , María A. Gandolfo , Néstor R. Cúneo","doi":"10.1016/j.revpalbo.2026.105501","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.revpalbo.2026.105501","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The fossil non-pollen palynomorph genus <em>Palambages</em> Wetzel comprises spheroidal bodies, composed of many oval, membranous cells. The original generic diagnosis was imprecise and overly broad. Herein, its diagnosis is emended through three main modifications: 1) the number of constituent cells per cluster follows a 2<sup>n</sup> pattern; 2) clusters are exclusively hollow and comprise a single peripheral layer of thin-walled cells; and 3) each cell possesses a central operculate aperture on the outer face. The new revised description minimizes overlapping with other morphologically similar cell clusters. The type species, <em>Palambages morulosa</em>, is also emended. All six species previously attributed to <em>Palambages</em> are reassessed to evaluate their taxonomic placement. <em>P. morulosa</em> and <em>P. trilicius</em> are retained within <em>Palambages</em>. Three species are transferred to the fungal spore genera <em>Papulosporonites</em> (i.e., <em>Papulosporonites canadensis</em> comb. nov., and <em>Papulosporonites polycellularis</em> comb. nov.) and <em>Polyadosporites</em> (i.e., <em>Polyadosporites colonicus</em> comb. nov.). The species <em>P. pariunta</em> probably represents a new genus and species pending direct examination of its type material. Notably, the two species retained in the genus have been recovered from marine to brackish deposits, suggesting an affinity with marine phytoplankton—a hypothesis further supported by sedimentological and paleontological proxies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54488,"journal":{"name":"Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 105501"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145928788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-02DOI: 10.1016/j.revpalbo.2026.105500
Manoshi Hazra , Alison Crowther , Patrick Moss , John Tibby , Francesca McInerney , Sangbaran Ghoshmaulik , Melodina Fabillo , Khairun Nisha Bte Mohamed Ramdzan , Kevin Welsh
Phytoliths are a valuable tool for reconstructing localized past vegetation, particularly in Restionaceae rich peatlands of subtropical Australia. Despite the significance of subtropical Australia for understanding vegetation–climate dynamics during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), no continuous phytolith records have previously been reported from subtropical eastern Australia. Jumping Grass Marsh, located on Minjerribah (North Stradbroke Island), preserves a 2.5 m organic-rich sequence extending from 27 ka BP to the present. This study reconstructs long-term vegetation dynamics using the phytolith record and evaluates how wetland taxa, grasses, and fire responded to past environmental changes in the subtropics. Phytoliths were extracted at 10 cm intervals, with 22 morphotypes identified and classified following ICPN 2.0 standards. A modern reference collection from wetland plants and soils supported taxonomic attribution, while complementary evidence from microcharcoal, sediment organic matter, and particle-size analysis refined palaeoenvironmental interpretation. The phytolith record demonstrates long-term persistence of restiad wetlands from the early glacial period (> 22 ka) to the present, with Restionaceae morphotypes dominating throughout. Grass abundance increased during the Last Glacial Maximum and reached its peak in the deglacial phase (∼ 15.7 ka). Enhanced moisture availability in the Holocene (∼ 12–0 ka) supported the expansion of Cyperaceae-specific morphotypes. Microcharcoal and discolored phytoliths suggest fire episodes around ∼ 14.4 ka and ∼ 3.3 ka. Diatom evidence (Pinnularia sp.) indicates acidic wetland conditions in the early Holocene. Modern soils show increased Panicoideae morphotypes, reflecting natural inputs and introduced grasses. Phytoliths robustly reflect vegetation history and enhance multi-proxy reconstructions of subtropical wetlands.
{"title":"Phytolith-based vegetational reconstruction from Jumping Grass Marsh, Minjerribah, in the Australian subtropics","authors":"Manoshi Hazra , Alison Crowther , Patrick Moss , John Tibby , Francesca McInerney , Sangbaran Ghoshmaulik , Melodina Fabillo , Khairun Nisha Bte Mohamed Ramdzan , Kevin Welsh","doi":"10.1016/j.revpalbo.2026.105500","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.revpalbo.2026.105500","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Phytoliths are a valuable tool for reconstructing localized past vegetation, particularly in Restionaceae rich peatlands of subtropical Australia. Despite the significance of subtropical Australia for understanding vegetation–climate dynamics during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), no continuous phytolith records have previously been reported from subtropical eastern Australia. Jumping Grass Marsh, located on Minjerribah (North Stradbroke Island), preserves a 2.5 m organic-rich sequence extending from 27 ka BP to the present. This study reconstructs long-term vegetation dynamics using the phytolith record and evaluates how wetland taxa, grasses, and fire responded to past environmental changes in the subtropics. Phytoliths were extracted at 10 cm intervals, with 22 morphotypes identified and classified following ICPN 2.0 standards. A modern reference collection from wetland plants and soils supported taxonomic attribution, while complementary evidence from microcharcoal, sediment organic matter, and particle-size analysis refined palaeoenvironmental interpretation. The phytolith record demonstrates long-term persistence of restiad wetlands from the early glacial period (><!--> <!-->22 ka) to the present, with Restionaceae morphotypes dominating throughout. Grass abundance increased during the Last Glacial Maximum and reached its peak in the deglacial phase (∼<!--> <!-->15.7 ka). Enhanced moisture availability in the Holocene (∼<!--> <!-->12–0 ka) supported the expansion of Cyperaceae-specific morphotypes. Microcharcoal and discolored phytoliths suggest fire episodes around ∼<!--> <!-->14.4 ka and ∼ 3.3 ka. Diatom evidence (<em>Pinnularia</em> sp.) indicates acidic wetland conditions in the early Holocene. Modern soils show increased Panicoideae morphotypes, reflecting natural inputs and introduced grasses. Phytoliths robustly reflect vegetation history and enhance multi-proxy reconstructions of subtropical wetlands.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54488,"journal":{"name":"Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 105500"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145908708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-02DOI: 10.1016/j.revpalbo.2026.105499
Matias Delfosse-Allain , Roberta Branz , Iván R. Barreiro , Evelyn Kustatscher
Plant meso-fossils are crucial in paleobotanical studies, including taxonomy, paleoecology and plant–animal interactions. However, Cisuralian (early Permian) plant meso-remains such as dispersed cuticles, wood fragments and pollen aggregate, are extremely rare. One exceptional outcrop yielding late Kungurian plant mesofossils is Gorl in the Athesian Volcanic District (Northern Italy). Dispersed cuticles confirm the presence of Peltaspermales and describe the cuticle of conifer shoots previously assigned to Hermitia and ten new cuticle morphotypes. Five of these belong to conifers, one belongs to the Peltaspermales, whereas the botanical affinity of the other four remains uncertain. Dispersed cuticles yielded also traces of plant–animal interactions of the piercing and sucking type. A megaspore confirms the presence of lycophytes in the flora. Two types of pollen aggregates yielded Protohaploxypinus-type pollen. Statistical analysis on the epidermal pattern of the leaves of Conifer morphotype 3 and Dwarf shoot type 1 demonstrates that these two taxa belong to the same biological species. The mesofossils integrate the macro- and micro-fossil record increasing the diversity on this late Kungurian site.
{"title":"An exceptional plant mesofossil assemblage from the Kungurian (early Permian) locality of Gorl (Southern Alps, northern Italy)","authors":"Matias Delfosse-Allain , Roberta Branz , Iván R. Barreiro , Evelyn Kustatscher","doi":"10.1016/j.revpalbo.2026.105499","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.revpalbo.2026.105499","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Plant meso-fossils are crucial in paleobotanical studies, including taxonomy, paleoecology and plant–animal interactions. However, Cisuralian (early Permian) plant meso-remains such as dispersed cuticles, wood fragments and pollen aggregate, are extremely rare. One exceptional outcrop yielding late Kungurian plant mesofossils is Gorl in the Athesian Volcanic District (Northern Italy). Dispersed cuticles confirm the presence of Peltaspermales and describe the cuticle of conifer shoots previously assigned to <em>Hermitia</em> and ten new cuticle morphotypes. Five of these belong to conifers, one belongs to the Peltaspermales, whereas the botanical affinity of the other four remains uncertain. Dispersed cuticles yielded also traces of plant–animal interactions of the piercing and sucking type. A megaspore confirms the presence of lycophytes in the flora. Two types of pollen aggregates yielded <em>Protohaploxypinus</em>-type pollen. Statistical analysis on the epidermal pattern of the leaves of Conifer morphotype 3 and Dwarf shoot type 1 demonstrates that these two taxa belong to the same biological species. The mesofossils integrate the macro- and micro-fossil record increasing the diversity on this late Kungurian site.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54488,"journal":{"name":"Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 105499"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145928784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sycidium is one of the most emblematic charophyte genera of the Palaeozoic, characterised by its peculiar morphology, temporally persistent fossil record and cosmopolitan distribution. In this study, we present novel insights into the bilateral symmetry of the utricle, based on a previously overlooked character observed in a well-preserved assemblage of Sycidium cf. spinuliferum from the Upper Devonian of Armenia. Notably, a distinct cell wall gap is present between adjacent polygonal cells within a row, facilitating intercellular connectivity and suggesting that these rows functioned as a cohesive structural unit. This configuration supports a revised symmetry model for the utricle, expressed as (2-1-3-1-2) × 2, where the numbers denote groups of cell rows interconnected via wall gaps. The Armenian material further shows that the presumed oospore was directly enclosed within the utricle, lacking a gyrogonite. Small canals in the poles of polygonal cells may have enabled limited exchange between the egg cell and the external environment through the thick utricle wall. The prominent central canal is interpreted as the last repository of the cytoplasm during the final stages of a centripetal calcification. Additionally, this study documents a previously unrecognised mode of calcification in charophytes characterised by a spongy microstructure. These findings collectively reinforce the hypothesis that Sycidium represents an independent evolutionary lineage within the Charophyta.
{"title":"Unlocking the architecture of ancient charophyte fructifications: The utricle of Sycidium from the Upper Devonian of Armenia","authors":"Carles Martín-Closas , Vahram Serobyan , Nune Avagyan , Gayane Grigoryan , Armine Khacahtryan , Olev Vinn , Taniel Danelian","doi":"10.1016/j.revpalbo.2025.105498","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.revpalbo.2025.105498","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Sycidium</em> is one of the most emblematic charophyte genera of the Palaeozoic, characterised by its peculiar morphology, temporally persistent fossil record and cosmopolitan distribution. In this study, we present novel insights into the bilateral symmetry of the utricle, based on a previously overlooked character observed in a well-preserved assemblage of <em>Sycidium</em> cf. <em>spinuliferum</em> from the Upper Devonian of Armenia. Notably, a distinct cell wall gap is present between adjacent polygonal cells within a row, facilitating intercellular connectivity and suggesting that these rows functioned as a cohesive structural unit. This configuration supports a revised symmetry model for the utricle, expressed as (2-1-3-1-2) × 2, where the numbers denote groups of cell rows interconnected via wall gaps. The Armenian material further shows that the presumed oospore was directly enclosed within the utricle, lacking a gyrogonite. Small canals in the poles of polygonal cells may have enabled limited exchange between the egg cell and the external environment through the thick utricle wall. The prominent central canal is interpreted as the last repository of the cytoplasm during the final stages of a centripetal calcification. Additionally, this study documents a previously unrecognised mode of calcification in charophytes characterised by a spongy microstructure. These findings collectively reinforce the hypothesis that <em>Sycidium</em> represents an independent evolutionary lineage within the Charophyta.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54488,"journal":{"name":"Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology","volume":"346 ","pages":"Article 105498"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145840097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A new species of voltzialean male strobili Willsiostrobus, W. mogitchevii sp. nov., is described from the Early Triassic Bugarikta Formation of the Tunguska Basin, Russia. The morphology of the strobilus and distal lamina is evaluated in reflected light and with help of computer microtomography. In situ pollen grains are studied with help of transmitted light and fluorescence microscopy, and scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The bisaccate pollen grains are assignable to Illinites-type, with the sacci showing an intermediate ultrastructure between proto- and eusacci. The new species is most similar to W. willsii (Townrow) Grauvogel-Stamm et Schaarschmidt from the Triassic of West Europe. Unlike Euramerica, Voltziales are rarely reported from the Triassic of Angaraland, and the finds are mostly represented by vegetative remains. New data on the diversity of fertile structures of voltzialean conifers are obtained, and the geographic range of the genus Willsiostrobus is expanded.
报道了俄罗斯通古斯盆地早三叠世Bugarikta组volzialean雄性strobili Willsiostrobus， W. mogitchevii sp. nov.一新种。在反射光和计算机显微断层扫描的帮助下，评估球茎和远端板的形态。利用透射光显微镜、荧光显微镜、扫描电镜和透射电镜对原位花粉进行了研究。双孢粉粒可归为illinites型，花粉囊具有介于原孢和真孢之间的超微结构。这一新物种与西欧三叠纪的W. willsii (Townrow) Grauvogel-Stamm et Schaarschmidt最为相似。与欧美不同，安加拉兰三叠纪的volziales很少被报道，而且发现的大多是植物遗骸。获得了伏氏针叶树可育结构多样性的新资料，扩大了伏氏针叶树属的地理分布范围。
{"title":"A voltzialean strobilus with in situ pollen from the Early Triassic of Tunguska Basin (Russia, Siberia)","authors":"Eugeny Karasev , Tatiana Foraponova , Natalia Zavialova","doi":"10.1016/j.revpalbo.2025.105497","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.revpalbo.2025.105497","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A new species of voltzialean male strobili <em>Willsiostrobus</em>, <em>W. mogitchevii</em> sp. nov., is described from the Early Triassic Bugarikta Formation of the Tunguska Basin, Russia. The morphology of the strobilus and distal lamina is evaluated in reflected light and with help of computer microtomography. In situ pollen grains are studied with help of transmitted light and fluorescence microscopy, and scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The bisaccate pollen grains are assignable to <em>Illinites</em>-type, with the sacci showing an intermediate ultrastructure between proto- and eusacci. The new species is most similar to <em>W. willsii</em> (Townrow) Grauvogel-Stamm et Schaarschmidt from the Triassic of West Europe. Unlike Euramerica, Voltziales are rarely reported from the Triassic of Angaraland, and the finds are mostly represented by vegetative remains. New data on the diversity of fertile structures of voltzialean conifers are obtained, and the geographic range of the genus <em>Willsiostrobus</em> is expanded.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54488,"journal":{"name":"Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology","volume":"346 ","pages":"Article 105497"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145840096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-12DOI: 10.1016/j.revpalbo.2025.105495
Léa De Brito
The exceptional preservation of pinaceous fossils from the Wealden facies deposits (Barremian–Albian) is demonstrated by both the abundance of specimens and the remarkable preservation, with extremely well-preserved internal and external anatomy. This exceptional preservation enables a preliminary ex situ study to describe their modes of preservation and reconstruct the broad taphonomic pathways leading to the fossilization of these ovulate cones. The systematic observation of Belgian Lower Cretaceous pinaceous material has led to the recognition of four distinct types of preservation, each reflecting different taphonomic histories, along with marked differences between geographically close localities. A comparative analysis with ovulate cones of extant Pinaceae deposited in modern forest ecosystems was conducted to establish links between cone degradation patterns and environmental conditions. These comparisons with present-day degradation processes in natural environments support a detailed interpretation of one specific fossilization pathway (type I), corresponding to cones deposited in a forest environment and subsequently subjected to rapid burial. The ex situ examination of this historical collection, despite the absence of an accurate stratigraphic context, provides valuable insights into the reconstruction of broad but nonetheless informative taphonomic features that may relate to past environmental conditions. These results provide new information about the paleoenvironmental context during the Early Cretaceous in this region. Altogether, these findings contribute new and significant information regarding the ecology and environmental settings of early Pinaceae, as well as other organisms preserved within the same sedimentary contexts, thereby enriching our understanding of Barremian–Albian ecosystems in the Wealden facies of Belgium.
{"title":"Taphonomic study of Pinaceae ovulate cones from the Lower Cretaceous of Belgium and paleoenvironmental implications","authors":"Léa De Brito","doi":"10.1016/j.revpalbo.2025.105495","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.revpalbo.2025.105495","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The exceptional preservation of pinaceous fossils from the Wealden facies deposits (Barremian–Albian) is demonstrated by both the abundance of specimens and the remarkable preservation, with extremely well-preserved internal and external anatomy. This exceptional preservation enables a preliminary <em>ex situ</em> study to describe their modes of preservation and reconstruct the broad taphonomic pathways leading to the fossilization of these ovulate cones. The systematic observation of Belgian Lower Cretaceous pinaceous material has led to the recognition of four distinct types of preservation, each reflecting different taphonomic histories, along with marked differences between geographically close localities. A comparative analysis with ovulate cones of extant Pinaceae deposited in modern forest ecosystems was conducted to establish links between cone degradation patterns and environmental conditions. These comparisons with present-day degradation processes in natural environments support a detailed interpretation of one specific fossilization pathway (type I), corresponding to cones deposited in a forest environment and subsequently subjected to rapid burial. The <em>ex situ</em> examination of this historical collection, despite the absence of an accurate stratigraphic context, provides valuable insights into the reconstruction of broad but nonetheless informative taphonomic features that may relate to past environmental conditions. These results provide new information about the paleoenvironmental context during the Early Cretaceous in this region. Altogether, these findings contribute new and significant information regarding the ecology and environmental settings of early Pinaceae, as well as other organisms preserved within the same sedimentary contexts, thereby enriching our understanding of Barremian–Albian ecosystems in the Wealden facies of Belgium.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54488,"journal":{"name":"Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology","volume":"346 ","pages":"Article 105495"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145797689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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