Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology最新文献_第3页

The smallest pods of Podocarpium from the Oligocene of NW Qaidam Basin, China and its implications 柴达木盆地西北渐新世Podocarpium最小荚体及其意义

IF 1.7 3区地球科学 Q2 PALEONTOLOGY

Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.revpalbo.2025.105494

Cheng Xie , Jiahao Cai , Tao Yang , Tonglin Li , Xinmeng Zhang , Qianying Zhuang , Yuyun Zhang , Defei Yan

Podocarpium (Leguminosae) is an extinct genus of Leguminosae widely documented in Cenozoic strata across Eurasia, but the lack of fossil evidence from key regions and critical time points limits the understanding of its evolutionary history and early dispersal patterns. In this study, we focus on the Early Oligocene Podocarpium of the Huatugou area in the western Qaidam Basin, located in the northeastern of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP). Through detailed morphological observation and comparison, they are identified as a new species, named Podocarpium minicum C. Xie et D.-F. Yan sp. nov., characterized by irregularly oval pod shape, a sharply constricted apex, extremely small size, and the ratio of stipe/valve length ratio is more than 2. Based on the available fossil record, it is hypothesized that this genus may have originated in the Indian subcontinent. After migrating into the QTP, it underwent rapid radiation and further dispersed across Eurasia. The discovery of P. minicum sp. nov. suggests that the genus may have possessed relatively high diversity and a broad distribution in the Qaidam Basin. This fossil record reveals a potential “multi-track evolutionary mechanism” employed by the genus in response to environmental changes, while also reflecting that the EOT (Eocene–Oligocene Transition) may have indirectly influenced the climate of study area. This finding not only provides important evidence for understanding the evolutionary and distributional history of the genus but also offers further support for the hypothesis that it spread into Europe via a high-latitude route crossing the Turgai Strait.

豆科植物Podocarpium （Leguminosae）是一种已灭绝的豆科植物属，广泛存在于欧亚大陆新生代地层中，但缺乏来自关键地区和关键时间点的化石证据，限制了对其进化历史和早期传播模式的认识。通过详细的形态观察和比较，鉴定为一新种，命名为Podocarpium minum C. Xie et d . f。其特征为不规则卵圆形荚形，先端狭窄，体积极小，茎杆/瓣长比大于2。根据现有的化石记录，人们推测这一属可能起源于印度次大陆。在迁移到青藏高原后，它经历了快速辐射并进一步分散到欧亚大陆。该属的发现表明该属在柴达木盆地可能具有较高的多样性和广泛的分布。这一化石记录揭示了该属对环境变化的潜在“多径进化机制”，同时也反映了始新世-渐新世过渡时期可能间接影响了研究区气候。这一发现不仅为了解该属的进化和分布历史提供了重要证据，而且还进一步支持了它通过穿越图尔盖海峡的高纬度路线传播到欧洲的假设。

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引用次数: 0

Implications of the Early-Middle-Pleistocene transition in Central Europe: The Arternian interglacial macroflora near Voigtstedt, Thuringia, Central Germany 中欧早-中更新世过渡的意义：德国中部图林根州Voigtstedt附近的Arternian间冰期大型植物群

IF 1.7 3区地球科学 Q2 PALEONTOLOGY

Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.revpalbo.2025.105484

Frank Kienast

Only little information on flora and vegetation in Central Europe during the late Early Pleistocene is so far available. In the present article, macroscopic plant remains preserved in lacustrine Muschelton sediments near Voigtstedt, Thuringia, Central Germany during the Arternian interglacial are described in detail.

More than 16,000 plant remains representing 119 taxa were recovered, dominated by aquatic, marshland, and riparian species indicative of eutrophic, lime-rich, and locally brackish lake water conditions. The assemblage reflects a mosaic of habitats colonized by aquatic macrophytes, reed beds, alder swamps, and floodplain forests. A small proportion of terrestrial taxa indicates the presence of xerothermic shrub and grassland vegetation in the surroundings of the palaeo-lake indicating at least seasonally arid, continental climate influences.

Only five Tertiary relict taxa were identified, including Stratiotes brevispermus, Scirpus atroviroides, Alisma plantago-minima, Ranunculus gailensis, and Oenanthe mazovica, a conspicuously low number compared with other Early Pleistocene floras, supporting initial, preliminary palynological inferences that many thermophilous Tertiary species became extinct during an exceptionally harsh cold phase preceding the Arternian interglacial.

Floristic affinities with the Augustovian and Korchevian macrofloras, which both overlie the oldest till in their respective study area, suggest deposition in the aftermath of the first advance of Northern ice sheets in Eastern Europe correlated with the 0.9 Ma event. However, partly differing species compositions and palaeomagnetic signals among the compared sites highlight uncertainties in correlating individual interglacials across Europe. Therefore, a precise correlation with Marine Isotope Stages remains unresolved due to the lack of high-resolution palynological data.

到目前为止，关于早更新世晚期中欧植物区系和植被的资料很少。本文详细描述了德国中部图林根州Voigtstedt附近湖相Muschelton沉积物中在arterian间冰期保存的宏观植物遗迹。超过16000具植物遗骸，代表119个分类群，以水生、沼泽和河岸物种为主，表明富营养化、富石灰和局部咸淡湖水条件。这个组合反映了水生植物、芦苇床、桤木沼泽和洪泛区森林的栖息地的马赛克。一小部分陆生分类群表明古湖周围存在干热灌木和草地植被，表明至少受季节性干旱的大陆性气候影响。仅鉴定出5个第三系的遗留物分类群，包括Stratiotes brevispermus、Scirpus atroviroides、Alisma plantago-minima、Ranunculus gailensis和Oenanthe mazovica，与其他早更新世植物区系相比，数量明显较少，这支持了孢粉学的初步推断，即许多嗜热的第三系物种在Arternian间冰期之前的异常寒冷时期灭绝。与奥古斯都时期和科奇时期的大型植物区系相似，这两种植物区系都覆盖在各自研究区域最古老的植物上，表明沉积发生在东欧北部冰盖第一次推进之后，与0.9 Ma事件相关。然而，在比较地点之间，部分不同的物种组成和古地磁信号突出了在整个欧洲各个间冰期之间相互关联的不确定性。因此，由于缺乏高分辨率孢粉学数据，与海洋同位素阶段的精确相关性仍未得到解决。

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引用次数: 0

Pollen wall development in Lupinus polyphyllus: Looking for underlying mechanisms, with in vitro simulation of exine 多叶lupinus polyphyllus花粉壁发育：寻找潜在机制，并进行体外模拟

IF 1.7 3区地球科学 Q2 PALEONTOLOGY

Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.revpalbo.2025.105482

Nina I. Gabarayeva , Valentina V. Grigorjeva

It was suggested that physicochemical processes, self-assembly and phase separation, are the hidden side of pollen wall formation. A new look at the developmental palynology as to “work-in-tandem” of well-known gene expression and underappreciated physical regularities allows a deeper understanding of exine development. The sequence of the developmental stages in Lupinus exine has been analyzed based on the above idea. To check the above idea, a modeling of exine-like pattern was carried out in vitro with colloidal mixtures of surfactants, analogous to those in natural anther. Flower buds of different size were collected from the Garden of the Komarov Botanical Institute, St. Petersburg, for several seasons. After fixation of the Lupinus material, sections were prepared and examined with TEM and SEM. For modeling exine development in vitro, our own method was used to obtain simulations. The successive developmental structures observed within the microspore periplasmic space have occurred to be the same as in the typical micellar self-assembly sequence in colloidal system of surfactants. Simultaneously, signs of phase separation in the fluid of the periplasmic space were evident. As was expected, several exine-like simulations of the Lupinus exine structures were obtained in our experiments. Pure physicochemical processes are capable to build exine-like patterns. Hence, physical processes share influence on exine development with genome. This confirms a value of interdisciplinary approach in the field of developmental biology.

认为自组装和相分离等物理化学过程是花粉壁形成的隐藏面。发育孢粉学作为众所周知的基因表达和未被充分认识的物理规律的“串联工作”的新视角，可以更深入地理解外稃的发育。在此基础上，对狼的发育阶段顺序进行了分析。为了验证上述观点，我们在体外用类似于天然花药的表面活性剂的胶体混合物建立了一个类似花药的模型。不同大小的花蕾被从圣彼得堡科马罗夫植物研究所的花园里收集了几个季节。Lupinus材料固定后，制作切片并用TEM和SEM检查。为了模拟体外发育，我们采用自己的方法进行了模拟。在小孢子质周空间内观察到的连续发育结构与表面活性剂胶体体系中典型的胶束自组装序列相同。同时，质周间隙流体中相分离的迹象也很明显。正如预期的那样，在我们的实验中获得了几个类似狼蛛外腔结构的模拟。纯粹的物理化学过程能够制造出类似太阳的图案。因此，物理过程与基因组共同影响外部发育。这证实了跨学科方法在发育生物学领域的价值。

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引用次数: 0

Taphonomic study of Pinaceae ovulate cones from the Lower Cretaceous of Belgium and paleoenvironmental implications 比利时下白垩世松科卵球果的埋藏学研究及其古环境意义

IF 1.7 3区地球科学 Q2 PALEONTOLOGY

Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.revpalbo.2025.105495

Léa De Brito

The exceptional preservation of pinaceous fossils from the Wealden facies deposits (Barremian–Albian) is demonstrated by both the abundance of specimens and the remarkable preservation, with extremely well-preserved internal and external anatomy. This exceptional preservation enables a preliminary ex situ study to describe their modes of preservation and reconstruct the broad taphonomic pathways leading to the fossilization of these ovulate cones. The systematic observation of Belgian Lower Cretaceous pinaceous material has led to the recognition of four distinct types of preservation, each reflecting different taphonomic histories, along with marked differences between geographically close localities. A comparative analysis with ovulate cones of extant Pinaceae deposited in modern forest ecosystems was conducted to establish links between cone degradation patterns and environmental conditions. These comparisons with present-day degradation processes in natural environments support a detailed interpretation of one specific fossilization pathway (type I), corresponding to cones deposited in a forest environment and subsequently subjected to rapid burial. The ex situ examination of this historical collection, despite the absence of an accurate stratigraphic context, provides valuable insights into the reconstruction of broad but nonetheless informative taphonomic features that may relate to past environmental conditions. These results provide new information about the paleoenvironmental context during the Early Cretaceous in this region. Altogether, these findings contribute new and significant information regarding the ecology and environmental settings of early Pinaceae, as well as other organisms preserved within the same sedimentary contexts, thereby enriching our understanding of Barremian–Albian ecosystems in the Wealden facies of Belgium.

来自Wealden相沉积（Barremian-Albian）的松质化石的特殊保存，既体现在标本的丰富程度，也体现在其卓越的保存，以及极其完好的内部和外部解剖结构。这种特殊的保存使得初步的非原位研究能够描述它们的保存模式，并重建导致这些卵泡球果化石的广泛的埋藏学途径。通过对比利时下白垩纪松木材料的系统观察，发现了四种不同的保存类型，每种类型都反映了不同的地语学历史，以及地理位置相近的地区之间的显著差异。通过与现代森林生态系统中现存松科植物的卵生球果的对比分析，建立了球果退化模式与环境条件之间的联系。这些与当今自然环境中退化过程的比较支持对一种特定石化途径（I型）的详细解释，对应于在森林环境中沉积的球果，随后经历了快速埋葬。尽管缺乏准确的地层背景，但对这一历史收藏品的移地检查为重建可能与过去环境条件有关的广泛但仍有信息的地貌学特征提供了有价值的见解。这些结果为该区早白垩世的古环境背景提供了新的信息。总的来说，这些发现为早期松科的生态和环境环境以及在相同沉积环境中保存的其他生物提供了新的重要信息，从而丰富了我们对比利时威尔登相巴雷米亚-阿尔比亚生态系统的理解。

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引用次数: 0

Modern pollen and NPP assemblages across an abrupt woodland/heathland transition in upland north east England: Implications for taphonomy and palaeoecological interpretation 英格兰东北部高地林地/石南地过渡的现代花粉和NPP组合：对地层学和古生态学解释的影响

IF 1.7 3区地球科学 Q2 PALEONTOLOGY

Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.revpalbo.2025.105479

J.B. Innes , J.J. Blackford , V. Standen , C. Orton

The paper assesses contemporary pollen and non-pollen palynomorph (NPP) distribution along a woodland to heathland transect, and tests the ecological preferences of the recorded NPP taxa, providing modern analogue information to assist in the interpretation of palaeoecological data. Pollen, microcharcoal, fungal spores and other NPPs are analysed from surface sediment samples collected from Quercus-dominated woodland and mixed heathland (Calluna, Vaccinium, Poaceae, Juncus, Pteridium) from an upland area in North East England and the microfossil assemblage data are compared with the actual vegetation cover at the sampling points. The microfossil data clearly indicate the position of the woodland-heathland boundary to within 2–10 m. The transitional zone is shown to be narrow, but of distinctive palynological character. The ecological meaning of several NPPs is either confirmed or suggested. NPP and pollen assemblages vary considerable over distances of only 2–5 m across the transitional samples, whereas very similar microfossil assemblages occur within the two main woodland and heathland vegetation units, even where plant species change in relative abundance. Woodland, heathland and transitional assemblages are clearly differentiated. NPP deposition occurs close to their source, and many types have well defined ecological affinities and are sensitive environmental indicators, while others are more cosmopolitan.

本文评估了当代花粉和非花粉孢粉形态（NPP）沿林地到石楠地样带的分布，并测试了记录的NPP类群的生态偏好，为古生态数据的解释提供了现代模拟信息。本文分析了英格兰东北部高地栎树林地和混合石南（Calluna, Vaccinium, Poaceae, Juncus, Pteridium）地表沉积物样品的花粉、微炭、真菌孢子和其他NPPs，并将微化石组合数据与采样点的实际植被覆盖进行了比较。微化石资料清楚地表明，林地-石楠地界线的位置在2 ~ 10 m之间。过渡带狭窄，但孢粉学特征明显。几个核电站的生态意义要么得到确认，要么得到建议。在过渡性样品中，NPP和花粉组合仅在2-5 m的距离内变化很大，而在两个主要的林地和石南植被单元中，即使在植物物种相对丰富度变化的地方，微化石组合也非常相似。林地、石楠地和过渡性组合有明显的分化。NPP沉积发生在其源头附近，许多类型具有明确的生态亲和性，是敏感的环境指标，而其他类型则更具世界性。

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引用次数: 0

Middle Eocene dinoflagellate cyst biostratigraphy from the southwestern Tethyan margin: Revised age assessments of sediments near Larache Province, northwestern Morocco 特提斯西南边缘中始新世鞭毛藻囊生物地层：摩洛哥西北部Larache省附近沉积物的修订年龄评估

IF 1.7 3区地球科学 Q2 PALEONTOLOGY

Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.revpalbo.2025.105481

Salma Aboutofail , Hamid Slimani , Henk Brinkhuis , Ali Soliman , Daniel Ţabără , Imad Tmimne , Hassan Jbari , Amine Talih , Imane Mahboub

Palynological analyses are performed on the imprecisely dated ‘Upper Cretaceous–lower Eocene’ marly and marly limestones succession from the Thare section at Arbaa Ayacha, western External Rif (northwestern Morocco) to reassess the previous calcareous microplankton-based age determination of the sediments. The succession yields well to moderately preserved palynological associations that are mainly composed of organic-walled dinoflagellate cysts, suitable for biostratigraphic analysis. The sediments are here reassessed as being of middle Bartonian age using the recently well-calibrated distribution patterns of several index taxa like Glaphyrocysta semitecta, and Rhombodinium perforatum. These, taken together with the composition of the background assemblages allow quite precise designation of the section to the interval corresponding to magnetochrons C18n.1r to C18n.1n following correlation to the Bartonian/Priabonian Global Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) section at Alano di Piave, NE Italy. Our results further underline the potential of marine palynological analysis emphasizing organic-walled dinoflagellate cysts in biostratigraphic and paleoenvironmental analyses of the Mediterranean Paleogene.

孢粉学分析对来自Arbaa Ayacha西部外裂谷（摩洛哥西北部）Thare剖面的“上白垩世-下始新世”泥灰岩和泥灰岩演替进行了不精确的年代分析，以重新评估之前基于钙质微浮游生物的沉积物年龄测定。该演替产生了保存良好至中等程度的孢粉组合，主要由有机壁鞭毛藻包囊组成，适合生物地层分析。在这里，沉积物被重新评估为中巴尔顿时代，使用了最近校准好的几个指数分类群，如半葡萄球菌和穿孔菱形虫的分布模式。结合背景组合的组成，可以相当精确地指定该剖面对应于磁时线C18n的间隔。1r到C18n。与意大利东北部Alano di Piave的Bartonian/Priabonian全球层型剖面和点（GSSP）剖面相关。我们的研究结果进一步强调了以有机壁鞭毛藻囊为重点的海洋孢粉学分析在地中海古近系生物地层和古环境分析中的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

A voltzialean strobilus with in situ pollen from the Early Triassic of Tunguska Basin (Russia, Siberia) 俄罗斯西伯利亚通古斯盆地早三叠世volzialean strobilus的原位花粉

IF 1.7 3区地球科学 Q2 PALEONTOLOGY

Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.revpalbo.2025.105497

Eugeny Karasev , Tatiana Foraponova , Natalia Zavialova

A new species of voltzialean male strobili Willsiostrobus, W. mogitchevii sp. nov., is described from the Early Triassic Bugarikta Formation of the Tunguska Basin, Russia. The morphology of the strobilus and distal lamina is evaluated in reflected light and with help of computer microtomography. In situ pollen grains are studied with help of transmitted light and fluorescence microscopy, and scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The bisaccate pollen grains are assignable to Illinites-type, with the sacci showing an intermediate ultrastructure between proto- and eusacci. The new species is most similar to W. willsii (Townrow) Grauvogel-Stamm et Schaarschmidt from the Triassic of West Europe. Unlike Euramerica, Voltziales are rarely reported from the Triassic of Angaraland, and the finds are mostly represented by vegetative remains. New data on the diversity of fertile structures of voltzialean conifers are obtained, and the geographic range of the genus Willsiostrobus is expanded.

报道了俄罗斯通古斯盆地早三叠世Bugarikta组volzialean雄性strobili Willsiostrobus， W. mogitchevii sp. nov.一新种。在反射光和计算机显微断层扫描的帮助下，评估球茎和远端板的形态。利用透射光显微镜、荧光显微镜、扫描电镜和透射电镜对原位花粉进行了研究。双孢粉粒可归为illinites型，花粉囊具有介于原孢和真孢之间的超微结构。这一新物种与西欧三叠纪的W. willsii (Townrow) Grauvogel-Stamm et Schaarschmidt最为相似。与欧美不同，安加拉兰三叠纪的volziales很少被报道，而且发现的大多是植物遗骸。获得了伏氏针叶树可育结构多样性的新资料，扩大了伏氏针叶树属的地理分布范围。

引用次数: 0

A Middle Miocene Climate Optimum (MMCO) plant community in eastern Australia deconstructed – The plant microfossil record 澳大利亚东部中中新世气候适宜（MMCO）植物群落的解构——植物微化石记录

IF 1.7 3区地球科学 Q2 PALEONTOLOGY

Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.revpalbo.2025.105478

M.K. Macphail , H. Westermann , R.S. Hill

Isotopic (⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar) dates and biostratigraphic criteria demonstrate an interbedded volcaniclastic and lacustrine sedimentary sequence exposed by a landslip at c. 600 m elevation on the southern escarpment of the Bulga Plateau near the village of Elands, mid north coast of NSW, was deposited during the early stages (c. 17–16.6 Ma) of the Middle Miocene Climate Optimum (MMCO) and about 10 Ma after the collision of the Australian and Southeast Asian plates. The extinct Araucariaceae-broadleaf temperate rainforest community represented by fossil pollen and spores included Nothofagus as well as a number of thermophile taxa consistent with global warming but almost none of the subtropical taxa with Southeast Asian affinities now found in rainforest on the Bulga Plateau. We conclude that the migration of the Southeast Asian rainforest taxa did not extend as far south as latitude 31°S and upslope as high as c. 600 m elevation on this near-coastal plateau in NSW by c. 16.6 Ma. Nonetheless, MMCO warming might have prevented a number of temperate taxa from migrating further north than southeast Queensland during the Miocene e.g., Nothofagus moorei and Lophosoria. One consequence is the large number of ‘Gondwanan’ morphospecies shared with sequences in southern Australia allows biostratigraphies developed for the continental margin basins in southeast Australia to be used to date Paleogene to Early Neogene sediments in northern NSW and southern Queensland.

同位素（40Ar/39Ar）测年和生物地层标准表明，在中中新世气候适宜期（MMCO）早期（约17-16.6 Ma）和澳大利亚板块与东南亚板块碰撞后约10 Ma，新南威尔士州中北岸Elands村附近Bulga高原南缘约600 m海拔滑坡暴露出一个互层状火山碎屑和湖相沉积序列。以化石花粉和孢子为代表的已灭绝的araucariaceae -broad - leaf温带雨林群落包括Nothofagus和一些与全球变暖一致的嗜热分类群，但在Bulga高原雨林中几乎没有发现与东南亚相似的亚热带分类群。我们的结论是，在大约16.6 Ma之前，东南亚雨林类群在新南威尔士州这片近海岸高原上的迁移并没有向南延伸到北纬31°S，上坡也没有延伸到海拔600米。尽管如此，在中新世期间，MMCO变暖可能阻止了一些温带分类群向北迁移，例如Nothofagus moorei和Lophosoria。其中一个结果是，大量的“冈瓦南”形态物种与澳大利亚南部的序列共享，这使得澳大利亚东南部大陆边缘盆地的生物地层学可以用来确定新南威尔士州北部和昆士兰州南部的古近纪至早新近纪沉积物的年代。

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引用次数: 0

Quantitative reconstruction of Holocene vegetation dynamics and their drivers in the Yanshan region, northern China 燕山地区全新世植被动态的定量重建及其驱动因素

IF 1.7 3区地球科学 Q2 PALEONTOLOGY

Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.revpalbo.2025.105480

Xiaoyi Shen , Yanbin Hao , Yanfen Wang , Xiyue Luo , Junxing Du , Aizhi Sun , Jianqing Du

Accurately reconstructing Holocene vegetation dynamics in ecologically sensitive regions is critical for understanding past climate–vegetation interactions and predicting future ecosystem responses. The Yanshan region, a key climatic and ecological transition zone in northern China, has experienced significant vegetation changes during the Holocene, yet previous reconstructions have largely relied on qualitative or semi-quantitative approaches, with limited spatial coverage and temporal reconstruction. In this study, we applied biomization of 33 high-quality fossil pollen records to quantitatively reconstruct the spatiotemporal vegetation succession of the Yanshan region over the past 12,000 years. Our results showed a general trend of steppe–forest–steppe transitions, primarily driven by variations in East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) precipitation. Spatially, vegetation characteristics and succession differ significantly across topographic units. A significant increase in forest cover occurred in the plain after ∼ 5 ka BP, which contrasted with the similar Holocene pattern in the plateau and mountain. This difference may be attributed to transgression of the Bohai Sea into the plain before ∼ 6 ka BP. Notably, a reversal of forest decline occurred after 3 ka BP, particularly in the plain and mountain areas, which is attributed to intensified human activities, including economic tree cultivation and secondary forest expansion. These findings highlight the dominant role of precipitation in regulating regional vegetation, while underscoring the increasing influence of anthropogenic factors in the late Holocene landscape transformation. This study provides a robust quantitative framework for understanding long-term vegetation dynamics and offers critical insights for ecological restoration and climate adaptation strategies in northern China.

准确重建生态敏感区全新世植被动态对于理解过去气候-植被相互作用和预测未来生态系统响应至关重要。燕山地区是中国北方重要的气候生态过渡带，在全新世期间经历了显著的植被变化，但以往的重建主要依赖于定性或半定量方法，空间覆盖和时间重建有限。通过对33份高质量花粉化石记录的生物化处理，对燕山地区近12000年来的植被演替进行了定量重建。研究结果表明，东亚夏季风（EASM）降水变化主要驱动了草原-森林-草原过渡的总体趋势。在空间上，不同地形单元的植被特征和演替存在显著差异。在~ 5 ka BP之后，平原的森林覆盖出现了显著的增加，这与高原和山地的类似全新世格局形成了对比。这种差异可能与渤海在~ 6ka BP之前的海侵有关。值得注意的是，在3 ka BP之后，森林衰退发生逆转，特别是在平原和山区，这归因于人类活动的加剧，包括经济树木的种植和次生林的扩张。这些发现强调了降水在区域植被调节中的主导作用，同时也强调了人类活动对晚全新世景观转变的影响越来越大。该研究为了解中国北方植被的长期动态提供了一个强有力的定量框架，并为中国北方生态恢复和气候适应策略提供了重要见解。

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引用次数: 0

Comparative pollen morphology of the genera Axyris L., Ceratocarpus L., Grayia Hook. & Arn. and Krascheninnikovia Gueldenst. (Amaranthaceae) 鸢尾属、角鼻花属、凤尾花属花粉形态比较。和攻击。和Krascheninnikovia Gueldenst。(苋科)

IF 1.7 3区地球科学 Q2 PALEONTOLOGY

Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.revpalbo.2025.105477

Zoya M. Tsymbalyuk , Daniella Ivanova , Lyudmila M. Nitsenko

Based on morphological, morphometric and molecular data, Axyris, Ceratocarpus and Krascheninnikovia, were classified to the subtribe Axyridinae, and later this group was elevated to tribe Axyrideae (Chenopodiaceae / Amaranthaceae). Previously, the representatives of these three genera, together with Grayia, have been included in the subtribe Eurotiinae. Their relationships are poorly understood; the position of Grayia still remains unclear. Considering that palynomorphological traits can be useful for angiosperm taxonomy, the aim of this research was to provide detailed data on the Axyrideae and Grayia pollen characters and to evaluate their taxonomic significance. Pollen morphology of 13 specimens belonging to seven species of the genera Axyris, Ceratocarpus, Grayia (including Zuckia), and Krascheninnikovia was studied using light and scanning electron microscopy. Pollen grains are pantoporate, spheroidal, mainly circular in outline, small or medium-sized. Exine sculpture and pore membranes are nanoechinate, tectum is psilate-perforate. The data obtained showed that species and genera can be identified based on palynomorphological features, especially the pollen diameter, pore number, pore diameter, distance between pores and between pore centres, nanoechini density, number of nanoechini on pore membranes, exine thickness, and structure of columellae. Exine structure (columellae) of pollen grains of all species was analysed for the first time in the present study. UPGMA dendrogram, based on quantitative pollen traits (nanoechini height, width at the base, number per 4 μm², and number on pore membrane), supported the differentiation of genera. The data obtained confirm the close relationships between tribe Axyrideae (Axyris, Ceratocarpus, Krascheninnikovia) and Grayia (including Zuckia). This study highlights the importance of palynomorphological characters for the taxonomy.

根据形态学、形态测量学和分子测量学资料，将Axyris、Ceratocarpus和Krascheninnikovia划分为Axyridinae亚族，后将其提升为axyridae族（Chenopodiaceae / amaranaceae）。在此之前，这三个属的代表，连同格雷亚，被包括在欧洲亚族。人们对它们之间的关系知之甚少；格雷娅的位置仍不明朗。考虑到花粉形态特征对被子植物的分类有重要意义，本研究的目的是为被子植物的花粉特征提供详细的资料，并评价其分类意义。本文采用光镜和扫描电镜技术研究了石竹属（Axyris）、Ceratocarpus、Grayia（包括Zuckia）和Krascheninnikovia 7种13个标本的花粉形态。花粉粒为宽孔状，球形，轮廓以圆形为主，小或中等。外叶雕刻和孔膜呈纳米针状，顶盖呈具囊孔状。根据孢粉形态特征，特别是花粉直径、孔数、孔直径、孔间和孔中心之间的距离、纳米针孔密度、孔膜上纳米针孔数、外壁厚度和小柱结构，可以进行种属鉴定。本研究首次对所有树种花粉粒的外叶结构（小柱）进行了分析。UPGMA树状图显示花粉的数量特征（纳米针尖高度、基部宽度、每4 μm2数量和孔膜数量）支持属的分化。所获得的资料证实了axyridae部落（Axyris, Ceratocarpus, Krascheninnikovia）和Grayia（包括Zuckia）之间的密切关系。本研究强调了形态学特征对植物分类学的重要性。

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