Pub Date : 2022-07-05DOI: 10.1017/S1742170522000175
Stefan Campos Mühlenhoff
{"title":"Food System Transformations: Social Movements, Local Economies, Collaborative Networks edited by Cordula Kropp, Irene Antoni-Komar and Colin Sage. Routledge, 2021. ISBN: 978-0-367-67422-9","authors":"Stefan Campos Mühlenhoff","doi":"10.1017/S1742170522000175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1742170522000175","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54495,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems","volume":"37 1","pages":"576 - 577"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2022-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48119599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Overuse of fertilizer is detrimental to the sustainability of crop production from an economic and environmental perspective. While rice side-deep fertilization technology can significantly improve fertilizer utilization efficiency, improve crop yield and reduce environmental pollution caused by improper use of fertilizer compared with conventional fertilization methods. Therefore, side-deep fertilization technology has an important role in the sustainable development of agriculture. This article describes fertilizer selection, side-deep fertilization devices and the effects of side-deep fertilization technology on rice plants and soil. We summarize the types and characteristics of side-deep fertilizers and their ratios and modes. The basic principles and characteristics of the key components of mechanical fertilization devices are described in detail, including fertilizer discharging devices (rotating disc type, outer groove wheel type, screw type), fertilizer conveying devices (pneumatic, mechanical forced type) and sensors. The effects and mechanisms of side-deep fertilization on rice growth, yield, quality, fertilizer utilization efficiency and soil microorganisms are summarized. Finally, based on current research on side-deep fertilization, future directions are identified to aid the development of this promising technology.
{"title":"Development status and trends in side-deep fertilization of rice","authors":"Jinfeng Wang, Zhentao Wang, Wuxiong Weng, Yuanfeng Liu, Zuodong Fu, Jinwu Wang","doi":"10.1017/S1742170522000151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1742170522000151","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Overuse of fertilizer is detrimental to the sustainability of crop production from an economic and environmental perspective. While rice side-deep fertilization technology can significantly improve fertilizer utilization efficiency, improve crop yield and reduce environmental pollution caused by improper use of fertilizer compared with conventional fertilization methods. Therefore, side-deep fertilization technology has an important role in the sustainable development of agriculture. This article describes fertilizer selection, side-deep fertilization devices and the effects of side-deep fertilization technology on rice plants and soil. We summarize the types and characteristics of side-deep fertilizers and their ratios and modes. The basic principles and characteristics of the key components of mechanical fertilization devices are described in detail, including fertilizer discharging devices (rotating disc type, outer groove wheel type, screw type), fertilizer conveying devices (pneumatic, mechanical forced type) and sensors. The effects and mechanisms of side-deep fertilization on rice growth, yield, quality, fertilizer utilization efficiency and soil microorganisms are summarized. Finally, based on current research on side-deep fertilization, future directions are identified to aid the development of this promising technology.","PeriodicalId":54495,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems","volume":"37 1","pages":"550 - 575"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2022-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45522454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-23DOI: 10.1017/S1742170521000594
K. Wu, A. Gevens, Erin M. Silva
Abstract Late blight, caused by the oomycete Phytophthora infestans, poses a significant challenge to organic tomato and potato production systems across the globe. To enhance education and outreach programming pertaining to tomato organic late blight management in Wisconsin, we sought to identify grower strategies and needs through an online survey conducted during spring 2018. Our findings demonstrated that organic growers emphasized crop diversity, crop rotation and soil health in their late blight management decisions. Grower concerns about biopesticides were identified and suggest that the use of input-based products within integrated management programs could be enhanced by further research on effectiveness and modes of actions. Additionally, stronger emphasis on oomycete pathogen biology and the significance of late blight as a community disease were identified as important areas of emphasis in the development of organic disease management education programming and resources that promote more effective cultural and chemical disease management strategies that adhere to the regulation and principles underlying the USDA National Organic Program. The integration of a live polling questionnaire conducted in winter 2019 allowed us to corroborate findings from the online survey and underscored the importance of two-way learning to enhance outreach efforts between Extension and organic growers in Wisconsin and the surrounding upper Midwestern states.
{"title":"Exploring grower strategies and needs for enhancing organic disease management of tomato late blight","authors":"K. Wu, A. Gevens, Erin M. Silva","doi":"10.1017/S1742170521000594","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1742170521000594","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Late blight, caused by the oomycete Phytophthora infestans, poses a significant challenge to organic tomato and potato production systems across the globe. To enhance education and outreach programming pertaining to tomato organic late blight management in Wisconsin, we sought to identify grower strategies and needs through an online survey conducted during spring 2018. Our findings demonstrated that organic growers emphasized crop diversity, crop rotation and soil health in their late blight management decisions. Grower concerns about biopesticides were identified and suggest that the use of input-based products within integrated management programs could be enhanced by further research on effectiveness and modes of actions. Additionally, stronger emphasis on oomycete pathogen biology and the significance of late blight as a community disease were identified as important areas of emphasis in the development of organic disease management education programming and resources that promote more effective cultural and chemical disease management strategies that adhere to the regulation and principles underlying the USDA National Organic Program. The integration of a live polling questionnaire conducted in winter 2019 allowed us to corroborate findings from the online survey and underscored the importance of two-way learning to enhance outreach efforts between Extension and organic growers in Wisconsin and the surrounding upper Midwestern states.","PeriodicalId":54495,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems","volume":"37 1","pages":"382 - 398"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2022-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45969869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-15DOI: 10.1017/S174217052200014X
Shealyn C. Malone, F. Menalled, D. Weaver, Tim F. Seipel, M. Hofland, J. Runyon, M. Bourgault, D. Boss, A. Trowbridge
Abstract Crops emit a variety of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that serve as attractants or repellents for pests and their natural enemies. Crop rotations, off-farm chemical inputs, and mechanical and cultural tactics – collectively called cropping systems – alter soil nutrients, moisture content, and microbial communities, all of which have the potential to alter crop VOC emissions. Soil legacy effects of diversified cropping systems have been shown to enhance crop VOC emissions in greenhouse studies, but how they influence emissions under field conditions remains virtually unknown. To determine the effect of cropping systems on plant VOC emissions in the field, air samples were collected from the headspace of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. Judee) grown in simplified wheat-fallow rotations or diversified wheat-cover crop rotations where cover crops were terminated by grazing cattle. Across two growing seasons, wheat grown in rotation with fallow emitted greater amounts of Z-3-hexenyl acetate and β-ocimene, key attractants for wheat stem sawfly (Cephus cinctus Norton), a major pest of wheat. While overall VOC blends were relatively similar among cropping system during the first growing season, emissions varied substantially in the second year of this study where wheat grown in rotation with cover crops emitted substantially greater quantities of volatile compounds characteristic of abiotic stress. Below-average precipitation in the second growing season, in addition to reduced soil water content in cover crop rotations, suggests that cropping system effects on wheat VOCs may have been driven primarily by water availability, a major factor limiting crop growth in dryland agriculture. While the specific mechanisms driving changes in VOC emissions were not explicitly tested, this work shows that agricultural practices applied in one growing season can differentially influence crop VOC emissions in the next through soil legacy effects, illustrating additional avenues through which cropping systems may be leveraged to enhance pest management.
农作物会释放出多种挥发性有机化合物(VOCs)，作为害虫及其天敌的引诱剂或驱避剂。作物轮作、非农化学投入、机械和文化策略——统称为种植系统——改变了土壤养分、水分含量和微生物群落，所有这些都有可能改变作物挥发性有机化合物的排放。在温室研究中，多样化种植制度的土壤遗留效应已被证明会增加作物挥发性有机化合物的排放，但它们如何影响田间条件下的排放仍然几乎未知。为了确定耕作制度对农田植物VOC排放的影响，在简化小麦-休耕轮作或多样化小麦-覆盖轮作(覆盖作物被放牧终止)中种植的小麦(Triticum aestivum L. Judee)的顶空收集了空气样本。在两个生长季节中，休耕轮作的小麦释放出更多的z -3-己烯乙酸酯和β-辛烯，这两种物质是小麦主要害虫麦秆锯蝇(Cephus cintus Norton)的主要引诱剂。虽然在第一个生长季节，各种植系统之间的VOC混合物总体上相对相似，但在本研究的第二年，与覆盖作物轮作的小麦排放的挥发性化合物的数量明显增加，这是非生物胁迫的特征。第二生长季降水低于平均水平，加上轮作时土壤含水量降低，表明耕作制度对小麦挥发性有机化合物的影响可能主要是由水分有效性驱动的，而水分有效性是限制旱地农业作物生长的一个主要因素。虽然没有明确测试驱动挥发性有机化合物排放变化的具体机制，但这项工作表明，在一个生长季节应用的农业实践可以通过土壤遗留效应对下一个生长季节的作物挥发性有机化合物排放产生不同的影响，这说明了利用种植系统来加强害虫管理的其他途径。
{"title":"Cropping systems alter plant volatile emissions in the field through soil legacy effects","authors":"Shealyn C. Malone, F. Menalled, D. Weaver, Tim F. Seipel, M. Hofland, J. Runyon, M. Bourgault, D. Boss, A. Trowbridge","doi":"10.1017/S174217052200014X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S174217052200014X","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Crops emit a variety of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that serve as attractants or repellents for pests and their natural enemies. Crop rotations, off-farm chemical inputs, and mechanical and cultural tactics – collectively called cropping systems – alter soil nutrients, moisture content, and microbial communities, all of which have the potential to alter crop VOC emissions. Soil legacy effects of diversified cropping systems have been shown to enhance crop VOC emissions in greenhouse studies, but how they influence emissions under field conditions remains virtually unknown. To determine the effect of cropping systems on plant VOC emissions in the field, air samples were collected from the headspace of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. Judee) grown in simplified wheat-fallow rotations or diversified wheat-cover crop rotations where cover crops were terminated by grazing cattle. Across two growing seasons, wheat grown in rotation with fallow emitted greater amounts of Z-3-hexenyl acetate and β-ocimene, key attractants for wheat stem sawfly (Cephus cinctus Norton), a major pest of wheat. While overall VOC blends were relatively similar among cropping system during the first growing season, emissions varied substantially in the second year of this study where wheat grown in rotation with cover crops emitted substantially greater quantities of volatile compounds characteristic of abiotic stress. Below-average precipitation in the second growing season, in addition to reduced soil water content in cover crop rotations, suggests that cropping system effects on wheat VOCs may have been driven primarily by water availability, a major factor limiting crop growth in dryland agriculture. While the specific mechanisms driving changes in VOC emissions were not explicitly tested, this work shows that agricultural practices applied in one growing season can differentially influence crop VOC emissions in the next through soil legacy effects, illustrating additional avenues through which cropping systems may be leveraged to enhance pest management.","PeriodicalId":54495,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems","volume":"37 1","pages":"375 - 381"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2022-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44832967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-25DOI: 10.1017/S1742170522000138
Md Sazan Rahman, Sarah MacPherson, M. Lefsrud
Abstract Green roof technology can partially mitigate the adverse effects of urbanization by controlling stormwater runoff, pre-filtering water, minimizing climate change outcomes and reducing heat island effects. However, improvements to current green roof systems and innovative approaches are paramount to advancing environmental benefits and consumer acceptance of this technology. Regular green roofs are hindered by high cost and mass, as well as the incorporation of large amounts of polymers. Hydroponic green roofs (HGRs) require specific setups, maintenance and frequent replacement of plant-growing substrate, with limited energy savings in the heating and cooling load of the building due to the space between the roof surface and the hydroponic setup. In this review, a comparison of regular and HGRs is provided, and research into the environmental benefits of these technologies, including stormwater control, water purification and lifecycle assessment, is summarized. Following this, the prospect of porous concrete (PC), as a combined plant-growth substrate and structural layer in a novel extensive hydroponic green roof (EHGR) design is proposed, through a compilation and analysis of recent studies reporting the feasibility of this construction material for different applications. The mechanical, hydrological and vegetative properties of PC are discussed. Finally, a new green roof system that incorporates both PC and hydroponics, termed the EHGR system, is presented. This new green roof system may help offset the effects of urbanization by providing stormwater and pollution control, runoff delay and physical and thermal benefits, while concurrently producing biomass from a reusable substrate.
{"title":"Prospects of porous concrete as a plant-growing medium and structural component for green roofs: a review","authors":"Md Sazan Rahman, Sarah MacPherson, M. Lefsrud","doi":"10.1017/S1742170522000138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1742170522000138","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Green roof technology can partially mitigate the adverse effects of urbanization by controlling stormwater runoff, pre-filtering water, minimizing climate change outcomes and reducing heat island effects. However, improvements to current green roof systems and innovative approaches are paramount to advancing environmental benefits and consumer acceptance of this technology. Regular green roofs are hindered by high cost and mass, as well as the incorporation of large amounts of polymers. Hydroponic green roofs (HGRs) require specific setups, maintenance and frequent replacement of plant-growing substrate, with limited energy savings in the heating and cooling load of the building due to the space between the roof surface and the hydroponic setup. In this review, a comparison of regular and HGRs is provided, and research into the environmental benefits of these technologies, including stormwater control, water purification and lifecycle assessment, is summarized. Following this, the prospect of porous concrete (PC), as a combined plant-growth substrate and structural layer in a novel extensive hydroponic green roof (EHGR) design is proposed, through a compilation and analysis of recent studies reporting the feasibility of this construction material for different applications. The mechanical, hydrological and vegetative properties of PC are discussed. Finally, a new green roof system that incorporates both PC and hydroponics, termed the EHGR system, is presented. This new green roof system may help offset the effects of urbanization by providing stormwater and pollution control, runoff delay and physical and thermal benefits, while concurrently producing biomass from a reusable substrate.","PeriodicalId":54495,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems","volume":"37 1","pages":"536 - 549"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2022-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44663495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-28DOI: 10.1017/S1742170522000126
Priyanka Sathoria, B. Roy
Abstract The exponential increase in population and economic activities has led to the intensification of agriculture and aquaculture in developing countries. The Green Revolution in the 1960s and Blue Revolution in the 1980s were giant steps in this direction to meet the food demand of the burgeoning population. It resulted in the increased use of modern technology for the intensification of agriculture and aquaculture in India. However, coping with the ever-increasing demand for food has adversely impacted our environment. Hence, it is imperative that we explore sustainable practices that enable us to produce more food without compromising environmental integrity and human health. Integrated rice-fish farming is one such solution that optimizes use of resources, maintains sustainable environmental conditions and provides socio-economic stability to the farmers. This review summarizes the various integrated rice-fish cultivation systems practiced in India including traditional practices, their importance, recent development in this area and the existing challenges.
{"title":"Sustainable food production through integrated rice-fish farming in India: a brief review","authors":"Priyanka Sathoria, B. Roy","doi":"10.1017/S1742170522000126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1742170522000126","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The exponential increase in population and economic activities has led to the intensification of agriculture and aquaculture in developing countries. The Green Revolution in the 1960s and Blue Revolution in the 1980s were giant steps in this direction to meet the food demand of the burgeoning population. It resulted in the increased use of modern technology for the intensification of agriculture and aquaculture in India. However, coping with the ever-increasing demand for food has adversely impacted our environment. Hence, it is imperative that we explore sustainable practices that enable us to produce more food without compromising environmental integrity and human health. Integrated rice-fish farming is one such solution that optimizes use of resources, maintains sustainable environmental conditions and provides socio-economic stability to the farmers. This review summarizes the various integrated rice-fish cultivation systems practiced in India including traditional practices, their importance, recent development in this area and the existing challenges.","PeriodicalId":54495,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems","volume":"37 1","pages":"527 - 535"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2022-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41567106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-22DOI: 10.1017/S1742170522000084
Mary M Means, T. Crews, Lara Souza
Abstract The sustainability of an agricultural field is largely influenced by crop growth habit and management practices such as tillage. Both strongly interact to shape ecosystem properties such as the fluxes and stocks of carbon and nitrogen. Recently, researchers have worked to develop perennial grain crops in order to enhance key ecosystem processes, such as carbon cycling and nitrogen fixation, with the use of perennial crops rather than traditionally used annual crops. In this study, we aimed to understand how soil disturbance combined with vegetation type [annual monoculture crops vs. perennial monocultures (intermediate wheatgrass (IWG)) vs restored native vegetation (RNV)] influenced the soil carbon and nitrogen dynamics. We collected soil samples at two depths (0–15 cm and 15–30 cm) from each vegetation treatment and incubated the soils in the laboratory for 120 days to determine the efflux of carbon and also analyzed the mineralization of both carbon and nitrogen. The results demonstrated the soils from the IWG had the greatest carbon flux, as well as carbon and nitrogen storage (annual monoculture < RNV < IWG). The differences in carbon flux, carbon and nitrogen storage from the IWG to the annual monoculture were 27, 40, 20%, respectively, while the IWG to the RNV was 11, 20, 10%. Shallow soil samples exhibited greater differences in all C and N comparisons between treatments compared to deeper soil samples. Taken together, our findings indicate that crop vegetation type and soil depth strongly influence carbon and nitrogen dynamics.
{"title":"Annual and perennial crop composition impacts on soil carbon and nitrogen dynamics at two different depths","authors":"Mary M Means, T. Crews, Lara Souza","doi":"10.1017/S1742170522000084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1742170522000084","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The sustainability of an agricultural field is largely influenced by crop growth habit and management practices such as tillage. Both strongly interact to shape ecosystem properties such as the fluxes and stocks of carbon and nitrogen. Recently, researchers have worked to develop perennial grain crops in order to enhance key ecosystem processes, such as carbon cycling and nitrogen fixation, with the use of perennial crops rather than traditionally used annual crops. In this study, we aimed to understand how soil disturbance combined with vegetation type [annual monoculture crops vs. perennial monocultures (intermediate wheatgrass (IWG)) vs restored native vegetation (RNV)] influenced the soil carbon and nitrogen dynamics. We collected soil samples at two depths (0–15 cm and 15–30 cm) from each vegetation treatment and incubated the soils in the laboratory for 120 days to determine the efflux of carbon and also analyzed the mineralization of both carbon and nitrogen. The results demonstrated the soils from the IWG had the greatest carbon flux, as well as carbon and nitrogen storage (annual monoculture < RNV < IWG). The differences in carbon flux, carbon and nitrogen storage from the IWG to the annual monoculture were 27, 40, 20%, respectively, while the IWG to the RNV was 11, 20, 10%. Shallow soil samples exhibited greater differences in all C and N comparisons between treatments compared to deeper soil samples. Taken together, our findings indicate that crop vegetation type and soil depth strongly influence carbon and nitrogen dynamics.","PeriodicalId":54495,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems","volume":"37 1","pages":"437 - 444"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2022-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47311090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-11DOI: 10.1017/S1742170522000102
Nicolas Carton, W. Świergiel, P. Tidåker, E. Röös, G. Carlsson
Abstract There is a growing interest among farmers and consumers in increasing production and consumption of grain legumes in Sweden. This requires better knowledge among farmers and advisors about suitable species, varieties and management practices for different conditions. Since cultivar suitability and management practices are highly site-specific, farmers need to gain their own experience of new crops and practices. This paper describes a farmer–researcher collaboration in which cultivation of grain legumes for food was investigated in on-farm experiments designed, managed and evaluated jointly by a group of farmers and researchers. Farmers tested innovative practices using within-field species diversity, comparative performance of varieties and methods for weed control. Post-harvest steps such as cleaning and selling the crops were considered by farmers to be integral components of the experiments. The process generated different types of knowledge, including practical knowledge on crop management, strategic knowledge on economic sustainability and knowledge about joint learning through collaboration. The on-farm experiments combined advantages of ‘pure’ farmer experiments (i.e., context specificity) and ‘pure’ researcher experiments (i.e., scientific inquiry), facilitating deeper analysis and understanding of outcomes. This enabled efficient knowledge building, adoption of new crops and innovative practices and stimulated further experimentation. The outcomes of this study are that farmer–researcher collaborations using on-farm experiments can stimulate collective learning by stimulating the exchange between participants and combining complementary perspectives throughout the experimentation process. The study also provides recommendations for facilitating on-farm experiments in future work, for instance using collective settings to evaluate the results.
{"title":"On-farm experiments on cultivation of grain legumes for food – outcomes from a farmer–researcher collaboration","authors":"Nicolas Carton, W. Świergiel, P. Tidåker, E. Röös, G. Carlsson","doi":"10.1017/S1742170522000102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1742170522000102","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract There is a growing interest among farmers and consumers in increasing production and consumption of grain legumes in Sweden. This requires better knowledge among farmers and advisors about suitable species, varieties and management practices for different conditions. Since cultivar suitability and management practices are highly site-specific, farmers need to gain their own experience of new crops and practices. This paper describes a farmer–researcher collaboration in which cultivation of grain legumes for food was investigated in on-farm experiments designed, managed and evaluated jointly by a group of farmers and researchers. Farmers tested innovative practices using within-field species diversity, comparative performance of varieties and methods for weed control. Post-harvest steps such as cleaning and selling the crops were considered by farmers to be integral components of the experiments. The process generated different types of knowledge, including practical knowledge on crop management, strategic knowledge on economic sustainability and knowledge about joint learning through collaboration. The on-farm experiments combined advantages of ‘pure’ farmer experiments (i.e., context specificity) and ‘pure’ researcher experiments (i.e., scientific inquiry), facilitating deeper analysis and understanding of outcomes. This enabled efficient knowledge building, adoption of new crops and innovative practices and stimulated further experimentation. The outcomes of this study are that farmer–researcher collaborations using on-farm experiments can stimulate collective learning by stimulating the exchange between participants and combining complementary perspectives throughout the experimentation process. The study also provides recommendations for facilitating on-farm experiments in future work, for instance using collective settings to evaluate the results.","PeriodicalId":54495,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems","volume":"37 1","pages":"457 - 467"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2022-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43734342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-29DOI: 10.1017/s1742170522000114
G. Alemayehu, Agegnehu Shibabaw, E. Adgo, F. Asch, B. Freyer
Department of Plant Sciences, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Bahir Dar University, P.O.Box 5501, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia; Crop Research Program, Adet Agricultural Research Center, Amhara Regional Agricultural Research Institute, P.O.Box 527, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia; Department of Natural Resource Management, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Bahir Dar University, P.O.Box 5501, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia; Hans-Ruthenberg-Institute of Agricultural Sciences in the Tropics, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstr. 13, D-70599 Stuttgart, Germany and Department of Sustainable Agricultural Systems, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences in Vienna (BOKU), Gregr-Mendel-Straße 33, 1180 Wien, Austria
巴伊尔达尔大学农业与环境科学学院植物科学系，埃塞俄比亚巴伊尔达，邮政信箱5501；作物研究项目，阿姆哈拉地区农业研究所Adet农业研究中心，埃塞俄比亚巴希尔达尔527号信箱；巴伊尔达尔大学农业与环境科学学院自然资源管理系，埃塞俄比亚巴伊尔达，邮政信箱5501；汉斯·鲁森伯格热带农业科学研究所，霍亨海姆大学，加本斯特尔。13，D-70599，德国斯图加特，维也纳自然资源与生命科学大学可持续农业系统系，Gregr Mendel Straße 331180，奥地利维也纳
{"title":"Productivity improvement of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) through crop rotation and organic matter application in degraded crop farms of Ethiopian highlands – CORRIGENDUM","authors":"G. Alemayehu, Agegnehu Shibabaw, E. Adgo, F. Asch, B. Freyer","doi":"10.1017/s1742170522000114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1742170522000114","url":null,"abstract":"Department of Plant Sciences, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Bahir Dar University, P.O.Box 5501, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia; Crop Research Program, Adet Agricultural Research Center, Amhara Regional Agricultural Research Institute, P.O.Box 527, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia; Department of Natural Resource Management, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Bahir Dar University, P.O.Box 5501, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia; Hans-Ruthenberg-Institute of Agricultural Sciences in the Tropics, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstr. 13, D-70599 Stuttgart, Germany and Department of Sustainable Agricultural Systems, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences in Vienna (BOKU), Gregr-Mendel-Straße 33, 1180 Wien, Austria","PeriodicalId":54495,"journal":{"name":"Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2022-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46341502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-11DOI: 10.1017/S1742170522000072
Muhammad Sabir, Y. Ali, Abdullah, Amjad Ali, Jehangir Khan, Zia ur Rehman
Abstract The choice between organic and inorganic farming is an exciting debate in scholarly literature. A large number of studies has enriched the discussion. However, this particular study adds to this debate in unique ways. This study uses a hybrid model based on analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS), a methodological contribution to the debate of organic and inorganic farming by using multicriteria decision analysis. Also, this study uses several conflicting criteria (such as health benefits, environmental benefits, soil fertility, consumer awareness, etc.) that have not been combined in a single research study earlier to consider the choice of organic and inorganic farming. The study is based on a questionnaire survey undertaken by consumers, farmers and agriculture experts. After the application of the AHP-TOPSIS based hybrid model, several interesting results have been founded that have important policy implications for farming in Pakistan and other developing countries.
在学术文献中，有机农业和无机农业的选择是一个令人兴奋的争论。大量的研究丰富了讨论内容。然而，这项特殊的研究以独特的方式增加了这场辩论。本研究采用基于层次分析法(AHP)和TOPSIS (Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution, TOPSIS)的混合模型，通过多准则决策分析对有机农业和无机农业的争论做出了方法论上的贡献。此外，本研究使用了几个相互冲突的标准(如健康效益、环境效益、土壤肥力、消费者意识等)，这些标准在早期的一项研究中没有结合起来考虑有机和无机农业的选择。这项研究是基于消费者、农民和农业专家进行的问卷调查。在应用基于AHP-TOPSIS的混合模型之后，发现了几个有趣的结果，这些结果对巴基斯坦和其他发展中国家的农业具有重要的政策意义。
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