Public Health Nursing最新文献

Objective: The purpose of this study is to determine the radiation hazards of building materials to humans through multivariate statistical analysis based on these radioactive nuclides and parameters.

Design: An experimental study was conducted by collecting materials from different parts of Hunan and using experimental analysis and statistical calculation methods to determine the degree of harm that materials pose to humans.

Results: Among all the sample materials, the brick samples made from soil without a pollution background have the lowest activity concentration values of ²³⁸U, ²²⁶Ra, ²³²Th, and ⁴⁰K, which are far below the average level in Hunan. The radiological hazards are calculated as the external and internal hazard indices (H_ex, H_in), alpha index (I_α), gamma index (I_γ), and indoor and outdoor annual effective dose, all of which are much less than 1. The value of Ra_eq is well below the prescribed safe limit of 370 Bq/kg, indicating no radiological hazards to the population from the samples. (II) Through pilot experiments, it has been found that the radioactive content of bricks made by mixing associated slag with local background soil should be considered based on the proportion of the mixture, especially the radioactive level before the associated slag. To a certain extent, it is of great significance for the impact or magnitude of safety hazards in later judgment. (III) This study revealed that there is radioactive equilibrium between ²³⁸U and ²²⁶Ra, and between ²³⁸U and ²³²Th, and that a functional relationship was observed. At the same time, it is noted that a strong correlation was found between ²³⁸U and ²²⁶Ra, and between ²³⁸U and ²³²Th, indicating a good positive correlation. The radiological parameters of the bricks made from the natural background in soil are the smallest; the products of naturally occurring radioactive materials are the highest. This is due to the issue of proportion between the natural soil and tailings.

Conclusions: The results have shown that the proportion of mixture in the natural soil and tailings must be reasonable in building materials. Therefore, the results of this study will help evaluate the radiation hazards of building materials to humans and the environment.

Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of gender on nursing students' attitudes toward violence against women using metaphor analysis.

Methods: The study was conducted with 64 nursing students from January to April of 2023. Metaphor analysis was used as a research method. In the Metaphor Identification Form on Violence Against Women, students were asked, "Violence against women is similar to …………………. Because……………………………." and they were asked to complete the blank space in this sentence by explaining a metaphor and the reason for the metaphor. The study adhered to the COREQ checklist.

Results: The four main themes that emerged from the male students' metaphors were as follows: (1) violence injures women, (2) the perpetrator of violence is not a human being, (3) violence threatens the future of society, and (4) violence must be resolved. Similarly, four principal themes were derived from the metaphorical expressions of female students: (1) violence is destructive and kills, (2) violence separates women from life, (3) the perpetrator of violence is weak and powerless, and (4) violence destroys society.

Conclusions: Female students generated metaphors that were more solution-oriented. Male students used negative metaphorical language to characterize the perpetrator of violence. It was proposed that the nursing curriculum be enhanced by incorporating relevant courses and implementing social responsibility projects.

Aim: This study aimed to investigate cyberbullying prevalence, empathy levels, and their predictors among adolescents in Turkiye.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 303 adolescents (aged 10-13) from two secondary schools. Data were collected using the Personal Information Form; the Cyberbullying Triangle Scale; and the Cognitive, Emotional, and Physical Empathy Scale for Children. Linear regression analyses were conducted. Ethical and institutional approvals were obtained.

Findings: The mean age was 11.79 ± 0.89, and 47.2% were female. Half of the adolescents spent ≤2 h online daily, mainly for gaming and social media. Cyberbully, victim, and bystander rates were 23.8%, 35.3%, and 51.2%, respectively. The empathy mean score was 34.17 ± 11.95. Cyberbullying involvement was associated with longer internet use (β = 0.340), active social media use (β = 0.249), and lower empathy (β = -0.723). Empathy was higher among females (β = 0.187) and successful students (β = -0.152), and lower among cyberbullies (β = -0.497).

Conclusion: Most adolescents were involved in cyberbullying, primarily as bystanders, followed by victims and perpetrators. Internet and social media use predicted cyberbullying, while sex and academic achievement predicted empathy. Programs enhancing empathy and safe internet use led by school nurses are recommended.

Objective: The study aims to evaluate the life experiences, psychosocial challenges, and emotional burdens of climate activists, the guardians of the planet, related to the climate crisis, using a phenomenological approach.

Methods: This research was conducted in November 2023, utilizing an inductive qualitative framework. In-depth individual interviews were undertaken with 21 climate activists living in diverse regions of Türkiye through the WhatsApp mobile application. The research adhered to the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ) checklist.

Results: Data analysis, three themes, and seven sub-themes were identified: climate crisis awareness and motives for becoming an activist (experiences, people involved, and personal attributes); the effects of being a climate activist on mental health (emotional burdens and coping with emotional burdens); and actions taken to reduce carbon footprints in addressing the climate crisis (social and behavioral).

Conclusion: Our study highlighted the challenges and coping mechanisms encountered by climate activists in their efforts to combat the climate crisis and revealed that these activists undergo psychosocial challenges and emotional burdens as a result of their engagement in this struggle. Certain activists struggle to manage their psychosocial challenges and consequently seek psychological assistance. Psychosocial support programs should be established for activists experiencing distress over climate change.

Objective: To understand the perceptions of Chinese MSM regarding methamphetamine use, chemsex, and HIV risk, and interpret the meaning of such experiences and their impact on their health and social well-being.

Methods: Data collection consisted of semi-structured interviews with 24 Chinese MSM who were current or former methamphetamine users, and interpretative phenomenology analysis was applied to analyze the transcripts of the interviews.

Results: Two superordinate and six subordinate themes emerged: 1. Ambivalence about methamphetamine use: (1) Perceived "hi" () but "luan" (), (2) Perceived under control but out of control in reality, and (3) Perceived popularity but being stigmatized. 2. Inevitability of HIV infection: (1) Unwritten rule of using methamphetamine, (2) Fears of getting infection, and (3) "Techniques" to reduce HIV risk.

Conclusion: The current or former methamphetamine users of Chinese MSM experienced significant societal stigma and self-devaluation due to their perceived immoral and illegal behaviors. They felt compelled to engage in chemsex within the subculture of methamphetamine users and believed that contracting HIV was inevitable despite their fear of it. Future interventions for drug use and HIV prevention among MSM should address their ambivalent circumstances and implement tailored and comprehensive strategies.

Objective: This study retrospectively examines how family nutrition and physical activity habits, influenced by parents, contribute to childhood obesity.

Design: A retrospective case-control study was conducted in three schools, including 804 children and their parents (229 cases, 575 controls). Data were collected using the Family Nutrition and Physical Activity Scale, anthropometric measurements, and a data collection form.

Results: Higher parental education improved nutrition and activity scores, while maternal employment had a negative impact. Father's employment and higher income levels positively influenced children's activity and health. Parental BMI was inversely related to nutrition and activity, with higher BMI indicating poorer habits. Logistic regression showed that increased screen time raised obesity risk, while family activity and father's education reduced it, and higher maternal BMI lowered it.

Conclusion: Family behaviors are critical in shaping children's nutrition and physical activity habits. Our findings highlight the critical role of family nutrition and physical activity behaviors in shaping childhood obesity outcomes, emphasizing the need for school health policies and practices that integrate family engagement strategies to promote health equity and sustainable behavioral change.

Community health nurses can enhance the elderly's quality of life (QoL) through personalized care, lifestyle counselling, and preventive measures. The primary objective of this study was to develop artificial intelligence (AI)-based prediction models to identify the key influencing factors that can impact the QoL in the elderly population. The estimated sample size was 500, and participants were selected using a systematic sampling technique. The pre-processing stage was applied to the primary dataset. Following this, basic machine learning (ML), deep learning (DL), and ensemble models were implemented to predict QoL. The SMOTE method was applied to balance the dataset. AdaBoost was the best-performing model, achieving an accuracy of 93.7%, with excellent recall (96.8%) and specificity (96.8%). Physical activity (48.9%) and daily activity ability (30.8%) were key QoL predictors, while regression analysis revealed physical activity (coefficient: 1.2260, p < 0.001) as a positive contributor. AI approaches help the community health nurses to predict the factors required for improving QoL early on, enabling them to provide the elderly population with the appropriate advice and future plans to manage aging challenges.

Background: Nerina Gigliucci (London, 1878-Florence, 1963) is known as the biographer of the volunteer nurses in the Italian Red Cross of Florence during World War 1. Her figure is much more complex and crucial in orienting her commitment to nursing professionalization and to the development of the Public Health System in Italy.

Purpose: The aim of the study is the reconstruction of a specific phase in the history of nursing, focusing on new aspects of the life and work of Nerina Gigliucci and exploring the early history of public health nursing education in Italy.

Methods: The study utilized new archival and bibliographical sources, examined in an integrated way, focusing on new aspects of Nerina's biographical profile and exploring the early history of public health nursing education in Italy.

Results: Nerina's participation in women's movements highlights her role as the first port of call with international organizations that introduce standardized procedures for the construction of a Public Health System in Italy through the cause of assistance and hygiene.

Discussion: A key element pointed out in Nerina's biography is the dialogue between Italian institutions and international organizations, committed to hygiene and assistance that contextualizes the development of basic nursing education in Italy into the rising Public Health System in a social and political framework needs. New comparative studies are expected to reread the history of nursing in Italy in a global perspective, integrated with the history of public health system.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the evolving trends and assess the impact of educational interventions in clinical and community nursing of published literature.

Design: This study used bibliometric and content analysis.

Sample and measurements: Data were retrieved from the Web of Science database. VOSviewer was used for bibliometric analysis and visualization. Content analysis identifying basic trends in health education was performed by examining co-occurrence keywords.

Results: The study analyzed 3553 publications from 106 countries and 13,729 researchers, featuring 6686 keywords across 194 journals. Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem, Journal of Clinical Nursing, and Journal of Advanced Nursing published the most articles, with the Journal of Clinical Nursing showing the highest co-citation frequency and link strength. Common keywords included "health education," "patient education," "nursing," "health promotion," and "self-care." Key health education trends: digital health, chronic disease management, older adult health, discharge education, readmission, and reproductive and sexual health for teens.

Conclusion: Health education research in nursing increasingly focuses on patient-centered approaches, digital innovations, and sustainable interventions. Nurses play a key role in addressing chronic disease, reproductive health, and healthy aging through structured educational strategies. Strengthening digital literacy and interdisciplinary collaboration is crucial for improving long-term health outcomes.