Psychology Health & Medicine最新文献

Background: Sleep disturbance has been associated with an elevated risk of coronary heart disease and its progression. The objective of this study was to delineate and ascertain the relationship between anxiety scores and sleep disturbance in elderly patients suffering from coronary heart disease.

Methods: Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to identify independent risk factors for poor sleep quality, as measured by the Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS). Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to exclude confounders before assessing the association between poor sleep quality and coronary heart disease progression, as measured by the frequency of repeat hospitalization for angina.

Results: In the current cohort of 206 patients, 125 (60.7%) exhibited suboptimal sleep quality. Univariate analysis revealed associations between poor sleep quality and male gender, mean hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), and a higher Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HMAM) score. Spearman correlation analysis indicated a significant positive correlation between the HMAM score and the Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS) score (r = 0.601, P < 0.01). Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified a history of kidney disease and the HMAM score as independent risk factors for suboptimal sleep quality (P = 0.02 and P < 0.001, respectively). Following propensity score matching (PSM), the poor sleep quality group exhibited a significantly higher number of repeat hospitalizations compared to the good sleep quality group (P < 0.01).

Conclusions: The HAMA anxiety score can serve as a valuable tool in detecting sleep disturbances among older patients suffering from coronary heart disease. A notable correlation exists between suboptimal sleep quality and the likelihood of readmission due to angina following discharge. Consequently, implementing treatment strategies aimed at alleviating anxiety and insomnia in these patients may potentially enhance their long-term prognoses.

Intense psychological distress (PD) has consistently been reported in oncologists. The aim of this study was to determine the sociodemographic and professional risk factors for PD in Mexican oncologists. Online survey of a convenience sample of Mexican oncologists, evaluating demographic characteristics, professional activities and adversities, and PD through self-report measures. Five hundred and eight oncologists completed the survey, with 26.4% (n = 134) reporting PD. More than half (54.5%, n = 277) reported unrestful sleep. The most significant variables associated with PD included requiring mental health treatment to cope with patients' deaths (OR = 2.75), having had a previous episode of anxiety (OR = 3.22) and having experienced suicidal thoughts related to professional activities (OR = 2.35). Restful sleep emerged as a protective factor for PD. Mental health care should be routinely provided in oncologists' workplaces, especially among those with a background of mental health problems and those reporting considerable emotional impact following a patient's death.

Police officers are constantly exposed to stressful situations, which increases their vulnerability to burnout syndrome, negatively affecting their mental and physical health. Although emotional intelligence has been identified as a psychological protective factor against burnout, research in police contexts in Latin America remains limited. Therefore, the present study aims to evaluate the predictive role of emotional intelligence on burnout syndrome in Peruvian police officers. The sample consisted of 380 male officers from the Peruvian National Police, aged between 22 and 60 years (M = 35.92; SD = 10.49), selected through non-probabilistic purposive sampling. Two instruments were used: the Maslach Burnout Inventory - General Survey and the Brief Measure of Emotional Intelligence to assess emotional intelligence. A Structural Equation Model (SEM) was applied. The model showed adequate fit indices (CFI = .95; TLI = .95; RMSEA = .05; SRMR = .08), explaining 50% of the variance in burnout syndrome. The intrapersonal and interpersonal dimensions did not predict burnout syndrome, while stress management (β = -.24, p < .001), mood (β = -.64, p < .001), and, unexpectedly, adaptability (β = .23, p < .001) were statistically significant predictors. This study provides the first empirical evidence in Latin America on the protective role of emotional intelligence dimensions against burnout syndrome in Peruvian police officers. It is recommended to develop emotional training programs focused on stress management and mood regulation to prevent burnout syndrome and promote psychological well-being among police personnel.

This study aimed to examine the effect of climate change anxiety on women's reproductive health protective attitudes and to identify the factors associated with both constructs. This descriptive and relational study was conducted with 789 women aged 18-49 years who were admitted to a public hospital in the Central Anatolia region between July 2023 and March 2024. Data were collected using the Personal Information Form, the Climate Change Worry Scale (CCWS), and the Married Women's Reproductive Health Protective Attitudes Scale (RHPAS). Descriptive statistics, independent samples t-test, one-way ANOVA, and multiple linear regression analyses were used to analyze the data. The mean age of the participants was 32.65 ± 7.83 years. The mean RHPAS and CCWS scores were 141.64 ± 21.58 and 29.77 ± 10.49, respectively. Regression analysis showed that educational level, family type, employment status, smoking, use of family planning methods, following climate change related news, and climate change anxiety were significant predictors of reproductive health protective attitudes. In addition, perceived income level, following climate change related news, and reproductive health protective attitudes were identified as significant predictors of climate change anxiety. Furthermore, climate change anxiety and reproductive health protective attitudes were found to be significant predictors of each other. The findings suggest that climate change anxiety significantly predicts women's attitudes towards protecting their reproductive health and that these attitudes significantly predict climate change anxiety. To our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate the effect of climate change anxiety on women's reproductive health protective attitudes, thereby providing novel evidence and contributing to the existing literature.

Prodromal symptoms of psychosis are a public health problem that causes distress and are linked to schizophrenia. However, knowledge among school students from the community is limited. The study aimed to know the relationship of prodromal symptoms of psychosis with suicidal ideation in school adolescents from a city in the Caribbean Region of Colombia. A cross-sectional study was conducted, with participants being tenth- and eleventh-grade students. The participants filled out the prodromal symptoms questionnaire (PQ-16) and an item that assessed suicidal ideation in the last year. Odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI), crude and adjusted, were calculated. The study included 334 participants aged 13-17 years (M = 15.19, SD = 1.10); 51.29% were women. The percentages of affirmative responses for the items of the PQ-16 were observed between 21.26% and 60.18%, and that of suicidal ideation was 28.74%. Suicidal ideation was associated with some prodromal symptoms of psychosis, particularly auditory hallucinations (OR = 3.48, 95% CI 2.81-11.05), avolition (OR = 3.29, 95% CI 1.63-6.66), paranoia (OR = 2.93, 95% CI 1.52-5.65), perceptual abnormalities (OR = 2. 87, 95% CI 1.30-6.32) and excessive social anxiety (OR = 2.43, 95% CI 1.24-4.72). In conclusion, there is a significant association between auditory hallucinations, paranoia, perceptual abnormalities, avolition, excessive social anxiety and the presence of suicidal ideation during the most recent year. Future studies should consider more representative samples and longitudinal designs.

To analyze the effects of Health Belief Model (HBM)-based health education combined with simulation training on clinical outcomes and self-management-related indicators in patients with primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG). A total of 110 PACG patients hospitalized at Ophthalmic Hospital of Tangshan from May to September 2023 were included. Participants were randomly assigned to either an experimental group or a control group (55 each) using a random number generator (Excel RAND function). Patients were allocated to separate wards according to group assignment after randomization. The control group received routine care, while the observational group received additional HBM-based health education and simulation training, which included demonstrations of eye drop administration, instructions for emergency management of acute intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation, and training in self-monitoring of IOP. Outcome measures included IOP, glaucoma knowledge, treatment adherence, self-management, anxiety/depression, sleep quality and vision-related quality of life. The observational group demonstrated significantly higher scores in glaucoma knowledge, treatment adherence, self-management, and vision-related quality of life (all P ? 0.001), along with lower IOP, anxiety/depression, and sleep disturbance scores (p <0.05) compared to controls. HBM-based health education integrated with simulation training enhances disease knowledge, self-management, and quality of life while reducing IOP and psychological distress in PACG patients.

This study examined associations between objectively measured total sleep time (TST) and self-reported suicidal ideation constructs in a rural community sample. Data were drawn from the Short Sleep Undermines Cardiometabolic Health-Public Health Observational Study (SLUMBRx-PONS), a cross-sectional cohort conducted in the southeastern United States. Participants (N = 75; 46.7% male; M = 36.24 ± 11.44 years) completed seven consecutive nights of wrist-based actigraphy to determine mean TST. Suicidal ideation was assessed using the Positive and Negative Suicide Ideation (PANSI) inventory, which includes Positive Ideation (PI; protective) and Negative Suicidal Ideation (NSI; risk) subscales. Path analysis was used to test associations of TST with PI and NSI, applying maximum likelihood estimation and bias-corrected bootstrap resampling (5,000 iterations) to generate robust standard errors and 95% confidence intervals. Model fit was acceptable, χ² (1) = 3.10, p = .079; CFI = 0.87; TLI = 0.61; IFI = 0.89; RMSEA = 0.17, 90% CI [0.00, 0.40], PLCOSE = .106. TST was a significant positive predictor of PI (b = 0.03, SE = 0.01, p = .028, β = 0.25, 95% BC CI [0.00, 0.06]) and a significant negative predictor of NSI (b =  -0.03, SE = 0.01, p < .001, β =  -0.38, 95% BC CI [-0.05, -0.01]). Each additional hour of sleep was associated with an approximately 1.5-point increase in PI and a 1.74-point decrease in NSI. Shorter sleep duration was therefore associated with reduced positive and elevated negative suicidal ideation, supporting the possibility that sleep duration may be a useful correlate of suicide-related cognitions in community samples.

Support at work is associated with increased job satisfaction among allied health professionals; however, the mechanisms by which this relationship operates are unknown. This study investigates how perceived organizational support (POS) impacts job satisfaction among allied health professionals, emphasizing the mediating role of emotional labor strategies, including surface acting and deep acting. A cross-sectional online survey was conducted between July 4 and 23 August 2023, with 293 physical therapists. Mediation analysis was used to explore the relationships between POS, job satisfaction, and emotional labor. Findings indicate that POS directly enhances job satisfaction. Surface acting partially mediates this relationship, suggesting that professionals relying on surface acting may experience reduced job satisfaction. However, deep acting was not a significant mediator. Understanding the role of emotional labor in allied health professionals' job satisfaction is crucial. Organizational support that fosters emotional self-regulation may help mitigate the negative effects of surface acting, promoting well-being and retention. This study offers valuable insights for healthcare administrators and policymakers.

Because threatening health messages often trigger defensive responses rather than behavioral change, it is critical to identify effective approaches for reducing defensiveness toward health threats. Building on evidence of the efficacy of mindfulness, this study investigated whether brief mindfulness meditation can reduce individual defensiveness and promote health intentions and behaviors across two domains: sleep health and disease screening. Two online experiments (N₁ = 248; N₂ = 168) were conducted. Experiment 1 addressed sleep hygiene, while Experiment 2 utilized a fictional rare disease screening scenario. Fear, defensiveness, and intentions were measured in both experiments; Experiment 2 further assessed actual appointment-making behavior. Data were analyzed using ANOVA, ANCOVA, and mediation modeling via the PROCESS macro for SPSS. Brief mindfulness meditation consistently reduced defensiveness and indirectly increased intentions for sleep improvement and health screening in both experiments. In Experiment 2, a serial mediation effect was observed: mindfulness increased risk-feedback acceptance and reduced message defensiveness, which in turn bolstered screening intentions. However, the effect of mindfulness on actual screening appointment behavior was non-significant. Brief mindfulness meditation practice attenuates defensive responses to health threats and enhances behavioral intentions in both sleep and screening contexts. These findings suggest that brief mindfulness-based interventions can potentially amplify the impact of health communication by fostering a more receptive and less defensive processing of health-related information.

Despite the fact that childbirth may possess a traumatic experience for mothers, it is unclear if social constraints predict postpartum depression (PPD). This cross-sectional study used a paper-and-pen questionnaire and an online questionnaire to collect data at four public hospitals across Malaysia from postpartum mothers. Hierarchical linear regression and PROCESS Macro analyses were performed. Data from 311 postpartum mothers were analyzed. Social constraint positively predicted PPD, p < .001. Among various covariates, only education attainment was significantly associated with PPD, with primary education level or below positively predicted PPD, p = .009, and postgraduate education level negatively predicted PPD, p = .040. No statistically significant moderating effects of emotional support or ethnicity were found. The impact of social constraints on psychological distress pertains to postpartum mothers. These results highlighted the importance of recognizing the potential influences of social constraints on maternal mental health, especially for healthcare professionals. Psychological health prevention programs specifically catering to Malaysian mothers should be developed and widely implemented to educate mothers on ways to overcome help-seeking barriers.