Psychology Health & Medicine最新文献

Pandemic COronaVIrus Disease-19 (COVID-19) was a traumatic event that had a significant impact on the mental health of healthcare workers (HCWs), especially intensive care units (ICUs). Months of exposure and the threat of death can lead to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and high physical and emotional strain can lead to burnout syndrome (BOS). The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of PTSD and BOS among ICU HCWs during the COVID-19 pandemic. A case-control study was conducted in 2022 using a diagnostic survey method with 148 hCWs from two intensive care units: a temporary intensive care unit (tICU, n = 93) and a general intensive care unit (gICU, n = 55) in Cracow, Poland. The Impact of Events Scale (IES-R), Oldenburg Burnout Inventory (OLBI) and a proprietary questionnaire were used. The results obtained indicate that 46.62% (69) of HCWs had pronounced PTSD symptoms. In the tICU HCWs, 47.31% (44) had severe symptoms of PTSD, and in the gICU HCWs, 45.45% (25) were affected. HCWs in the tICU reported the highest score in the Hyperarousal domain (x = 1.52; SD = 0.87), while HCWs from the gICU reported higher scores in the Avoidance domain (xx = 1.45 SD = 0.81). HCWs presented moderate levels of job BOS in the domains of exhaustion (50.68%; 75) and lack of commitment (64.86%; 96). It was shown that lack of commitment to work was significantly more frequent in the tICU group than in the gICU group (p = 0.022). It was shown that the greater the level of exhaustion or withdrawal, the greater the severity of each PTSD symptom. Activity responsibility and fatigue were found to be the most stressful in the workplace. PTSD symptoms co-occurred with BOS. It is necessary to provide employees with targeted psychological support in dealing with the post-pandemic emotional crisis and support the retention of nurses in the profession.

Parental burnout is a prominent topic in current family research, with proven detrimental effects on the well-being of both parents and children. However, the specific mechanism by which parenting burnout impacts the parent-child relationship within families remains unclear. Furthermore, there is limited research exploring whether parenting burnout has a direct impact on the parent-child relationship. This study aims to address this gap by constructing an actor-partner interdependent mediation model of parental harsh parenting in order to explore the influence of parents' own and their spouse's parenting burnout on their respective parent-child relationships, as well as the mediating effect of their own harsh parenting and that of their spouse. A convenient sampling method was used to select 405 parents from two middle schools in Yichun, Heilongjiang Province as participants for this investigation. The Chinese version of the Parenting Burnout Inventory, Harsh Parenting Scale, and Parent-child Relationship Scale were utilized for data collection over half year period. The findings revealed that (1) parenting burnout significantly negatively predicts both one's own and one's spouse's parent-child relationships; (2) parenting burnout affects one's own parent-child relationship through their own harsh parenting; (3) parenting burnout influences one's spouse's parent-child relationship through their spouse's harsh parenting. This study sheds light on the influence and mechanisms underlying parental burnout on the parent-child relationship, offering valuable insights for preventing parental burnout and enhancing family dynamics.

Analyzing the levels of forgiveness and compassion, which may influence patient care and professional attitudes of the nurses, may provide data for nursing education and practices. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between compassion, forgiveness, and the caring behaviors of the nurses and reveal the role of compassion on forgiveness and nursing care behaviors. This cross-sectional study was conducted at a research and training hospital between July and December 2021 with 515 nurses. Sociodemographic form, Compassion Scale (CS), Caring Behaviors Inventory-24 (CBI-24), and Heartland Forgiveness Scale (HFS) were used for data collection. We found a positive and statistically significant relationship between the scores obtained from the CS and the CBI-24 (p < 0.05). Additionally, there was a positive and statistically significant relationship between kindness, indifference, common humanity, separation, mindfulness, and disengagement subscales of the CS and the scores obtained from the CBI-24 and its assurance, respectful, and connectedness subscales (p < 0.05). High-quality and humane nursing care require compassionate, merciful, and sympathetic nurses. Therefore, sources of stress in the workplace should be determined and reduced to help nurses to cope with compassion fatigue. Nurses' compassion finds its reflection in the caring behavior of the nurses.

Numerous factors, including age chronic disease, level of education, and depression, affect the health and function of skeletal muscles. However, it is still unclear which factors affect skeletal muscle health in older age groups across age range segments. Decision tree and logistic regression models were employed in this study to examine the factors that influence older adults' likelihood of developing sarcopenia. The database information of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) in 2015 was selected, and a sample of 2965 people who met the inclusion criteria was screened. Logistic regression research revealed that while height (p = 0.001, OR:0.979, 95%CI:0.967-0.992), triglycerides (p = 0.036, OR:0.999,95%CI:0.998-1.000), level of education (p = 0.004, OR:0.684,95%CI:0.530-0.883), and endowment insurance (p = 0.003, OR:0.598,95%CI: 0.427-0.839) were protective variables against sarcopenia in older adults, age (p < 0.001, OR:1.094,95%CI:1.079-1.110), depression (p = 0.003, OR:1.283,95%CI:1.089-1.512), and chronic disease(p < 0.012, OR:1.266,95%CI: 1.054-1.522) were risk factors for the condition. According to the decision tree model, the biggest determinant of an older person's chance of developing sarcopenia is age, which is followed by social communication, depression, chronic disease, level of education, and endowment insurance. In the aging Chinese population, sarcopenia risk is positively correlated with age, depression, and chronic disease, while it is adversely correlated with height, triglycerides, level of education, and endowment insurance. Level of education is the primary factor determining the risk of sarcopenia in older adults aged 60-69, while endowment insurance is the primary factor influencing the risk of sarcopenia in older adults aged 70-79. To prevent and intervene earlier in the beginning and progression of sarcopenia in the elderly, it is advised that knowledge of the condition be raised among the older population.

Long-term unemployment can affect life satisfaction, reduce well-being and increase mental health problems. Promoting psychological resilience to support the ability to cope with life challenges such as unemployment, may be a useful strategy. A specific program named AD-Ré was designed for Long-Term Unemployed (LTU) people in order to improve their mental health by fostering psychological resilience. A randomized control trial design was used. A total of 160 LTU people, recruited from the French National Employment Service, were randomly assigned to the experimental group (n = 89) or the control group (n = 71). The experimental condition consisted in following the usual counseling protocol and participating in the assisted resilience program AD-Ré while the control condition consisted in following the usual counseling protocol only. Resilience and mental-health outcomes were measured at baseline (T1) and following the last session of the program (T2). The results were analyzed using descriptive statistics, repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) and t-test. ANOVA showed a significant crossed effect between time and group on resilience, well-being, and emotional dysregulation measures (p < .05) and a trend effect on perceived stress and optimism measures (p < 10). The intervention had a significant effect on resilience (d = 0.62), well-being (d = 0.37) and emotional dysregulation (d = 0.32) and a trend effect on perceived stress measures (d = 0.26). For the first time in France, an assisted resilience program significantly improved psychological resilience among LTU compared to an usual counseling protocol.

This study proposed that smokers' perceived cancer risks differ emotionally and cognitively; the former is based on perceived smoking-related causes, while the latter is based more on perceived non-smoking related causes. It further examined the role of perceived reasons for cancer risk, as well as perceived risks, in planning smoking cessation. The study drew a sample of daily smokers, intermittent smokers and previous smokers (as a reference category) from the Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS). It used complex sample analysis through the SPSS package to run a series of regression models. In the general linear model with the dependent variable of cancer worry, the cancer worry was projected from perceived smoking-related causes more among previous smokers than intermittent smokers, revealing a pattern of self-serving assessment of cancer risks among intermittent smokers. Intermittent smokers were more pessimistic (perceived non-smoking-related causes) than previous smokers about the perceived likelihood of cancer. In the logistic regression model with the dependent variable of planning to quit smoking, pessimistic daily smokers were less likely to plan on quitting than intermittent smokers, though daily smokers who felt a greater likelihood of cancer risk did plan on quitting. Participants' assessment of cancer risks from perceived non-smoking-related reasons implies that one's smoking habit plays a minimal role in perceiving health statuses.

Since the onset of the Coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) pandemic in 2019, the virus has continued to experience periodic resurgences, and the evolution of new variants remains unpredictable. The greatest anxiety in Korean is now related to novel diseases, with a significant increase from 2.9% in 2018 to 32.8% in 2022. Excessive health concerns during the pandemic can lead to negative health behavior, highlighting their impact on well-being. This study aimed to identify how illness attitudes perceived by students during the pandemic influence their flourishing lives, and to examine the effects of health-promoting behaviors and social support on this relationship. A cross-sectional study was conducted using self-report questionnaires of 226 university students aged 18 to 35 years. We found that mental health issues among university students can hinder their flourishing growth in both the present and the future, while social support and health-promoting behavior act as sequential mediators between illness attitudes and flourishing. Healthcare professionals should offer flexible interventions that encourage health behaviors even in constrained environments and collaboration with social support within meaningful relationships is also required.

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of nursing care interventions applied at night on the sleep quality and sleep effort of intensive care patients. This study is descriptive and cross-sectional in nature. The sample size consists of 82 intensive care patients. Personal information form, Glasgow Coma Scale, Richard-Campbell Sleep Scale, Glasgow Sleep Effort Scale were applied to the patients. In the analysis of the data, Independent Samples t test, One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), Pearson Correlation test, and multilinear regression analysis were used. Based on the findings of the examined patients, it was concluded that care interventions may disrupt the sleep of intensive care patients. It is thought that determining the care interventions that disrupt the sleep of intensive care patients may contribute to better planning of care and preserving the sleep patterns of the patients. Basd on our results, nursing education programs and intensive care unit introductory courses should be reviewed to understand the importance of sleep. In this context, reducing unnecessary interventions and diagnostic procedures at night, evaluating and managing pain, using questionnaires for daily bedside evaluation of sleep quality, and implementing interventions that support sleep quality and sleep should be an integral part of nursing care. Insomnia is a significant stressor in the intensive care unit. Therefore, it is important for nurses, who are primarily responsible for care, to determine the sleep quality of patients, evaluate the factors that reduce sleep quality, and implement preventive interventions to ensure patient comfort. It is expected that this study will lead to plans for grouping nursing care interventions in a way that will not affect sleep.

Self-rated health (SRH) is a significant predictor of future health outcomes. Despite the contribution of psychological factors in individuals' subjective health assessments, prior studies of machine learning-based prediction models primarily focused on health-related factors of SRH. Using the Midlife in the United States (MIDUS 2), the current study employed machine learning techniques to predict SRH based on a broad array of biological, psychological, and sociodemographic factors. Our analysis, involving logistic regression, LASSO regression, random forest, and XGBoost models, revealed robust predictive performance (AUPRC > 0.90) across all models. Emotion-related variables consistently emerged as vital predictors alongside health-related factors. The models highlighted the significance of psychological well-being, personality traits, and emotional states in determining individuals' subjective health ratings. Incorporating psychological factors into SRH prediction models offers a multifaceted perspective, enhancing our understanding of the complexities behind self-assessed health. This study underscores the necessity of considering emotional well-being alongside physical conditions in assessing and improving individuals' subjective health perceptions. Such insights hold promise for targeted interventions aimed at enhancing both physical health and emotional well-being to ameliorate subjective health assessments and potentially long-term health outcomes.

Several studies have documented that patients with different types of tumors experience serious body image dissatisfaction (BID). However, few studies have explored BID in patients with brain tumors. This study examined the level of BID and verified the mediating effects of psychological resilience on the relationship between social support and BID among Chinese patients with primary brain tumors. Participants included 226 Chinese patients with primary brain tumor (64.2% women) between 18 and 80 years of age (mean age = 48.36 ± 12.44), who completed the measures of a demographic questionnaire, the Multidimensional Perceived Social Support Scale (MPSSS), Resilience Scale-14 (RS-14), and Body Image Scale (BIS). The average BIS score among Chinese patients with primary brain tumors was 6.20 (SD = 4.85; range, 0-24), and 200 (88.5%) participants experienced body image dissatisfaction (BIS score ≥ 1), and 50 (22.1%) were significant body image dissatisfaction (BIS score ≥ 10). Spearman's rank-order correlation indicated that BID, psychological resilience, and social support were significantly correlated. Mediation analysis indicated that the direct paths from social support to psychological resilience and psychological resilience to BID were both significant, but the path from social support to BID was not, psychological resilience played a complete mediating role between social support and BID. The current results support that Chinese patients with brain tumors experience BID, and more awareness and interventions should be given from healthcare professionals. These findings have implications for developing and implementing intervention programs to enhance social support and psychological resilience among this population and cope with BID.