Psychology Health & Medicine最新文献

Virtual reality technology has been widely applied in the field of mental health research. However, to date, no study has employed bibliometric methods to systematically analyze the application of virtual reality in mental health. By searching the Web of Science Core Collection, we have summarized the top 100 cited papers in this field and conducted the first bibliometric study on mental health and virtual reality using CiteSpace. The results indicate that this area has received considerable attention. The United States stands out as the most influential country. The University of London and Emory University are the leading contributing institutions. Rothbaum BO is the most productive author, and Cyberpsychology, Behavior, And Social Networking, is the journal with the most publications in this area. The primary focus of research in this domain is on virtual reality therapy for mental disorders, especially virtual reality exposure therapy for anxiety disorders. These findings may help researchers understand the current state and future trends in the field of mental health and virtual reality.

The study aimed to investigate the correlation between state anxiety levels and anticipated levels of hopelessness in the future of the Turkish earthquake victims. This study adopted a cross-sectional design. The sample comprised 215 individuals who were victims of the Kahramanmaraş earthquake on 6 February 2023. Participants were administered the State Anxiety Inventory and Beck Hopelessness Scale through face-to-face and online surveys. The relationship between the utilized scales was explored through Pearson correlation and linear regression (stepwise) analyses. The participants exhibited a high state-anxiety score, while their mean hopelessness score was medium. A weak positive correlation (r = 0.495; p < .05) was identified between the participants' total hopelessness score and state anxiety. The total variance in hopelessness level was accounted for by 25.3%, with state anxiety and experiencing entrapment under debris during the earthquake contributing (R² = 0.253). This study showed that higher levels of hopelessness among earthquake survivors were significantly associated with the experience of being trapped under debris during the earthquake and increased anxiety. Accordingly, this study suggests that policymakers and governments should consider implementing psychosocial support programs.

The effect of virtual reality (VR) on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) has been debated in randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and meta-analyses in the literature. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the effect of VR on HRQoL by meta-analysis. Web of Science and PubMed databases were used to search for RCTs investigating the effect of VR on HRQoL. The correlation effect size was used. Due to the high heterogeneity and variance between studies, the common effect size was calculated using the random effects model (Q: 440.97; df: 17; p < 0.001; I² > 0.75; Ʈ > 0.68). To assess publication bias, Egger's regression method and funnel plot were used. Eighteen RCTs were included in the meta-analysis. Between 2015 and 2024, these studies were published. The intervention group consisted of 400 participants. The control group consisted of 386 participants. The results of the meta-analyses showed that VR had a moderate positive effect on HRQoL (M: 0.35; 95% CI: 0.03-0.60; p < 0.05). The funnel plot has an asymmetric appearance. The results of the Egger's regression and Begg and Mazumdar's methods show no publication bias. VR has a positive effect on HRQoL. This result from the meta-analysis showed that VR was effective in improving HRQoL.

The study aimed to investigate the separate, interactive, and combined effects of depression and physical multimorbidity on all-cause mortality using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005-2016. Depression was assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and multimorbidity was defined as the presence of ≥ 2 chronic conditions. Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess these associations. During a median follow-up of 8.3 years (interquartile range, 5.4-11.4), 3,005 deaths occurred. After adjusting for potential confounders and multimorbidity, each one-point increase in depression score was associated with a 3% higher risk of mortality (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.03, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.02-1.04). Compared to those without depressive symptoms, mild and moderate to severe symptoms were linked to a 27% (HR: 1.27, 95% CI: 1.11-1.47) and 37% (HR: 1.37, 95% CI: 1.17-1.61) higher mortality risk, respectively. However, among women, only moderate to severe depression was significantly associated with increased mortality (HR: 1.50, 95% CI: 1.19-1.89). After adjusting for potential confounders and depression, multimorbidity was associated with a 64% higher mortality risk (HR: 1.64, 95% CI: 1.46-1.86). No significant interaction between depression and multimorbidity was found. Joint analysis showed that among participants without multimorbidity, moderate to severe depressive symptoms increased mortality risk (HR: 1.54, 95% CI: 1.09-2.17). In those with multimorbidity, risk increased with depression severity, peaking at HR: 2.22 (95% CI: 1.85-2.65). These findings highlight depression and multimorbidity as independent mortality risk factors, with their combined presence further amplifying this risk.

The present study examines the psychological effects of the earthquake that occurred in Turkey on 6 February 2023 on individuals residing in temporary shelters who have experienced losses in their immediate surroundings. The objective of the present research is to elucidate the relationships between post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, anxiety, and the subjective impact of the traumatic event. Nine months following the disaster, a survey was conducted among 923 adults aged 25 to 60 residing in temporary shelters in Antakya. Participants completed a series of validated and reliable measurement tools, including the DSM-5 Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist (PCL-5), the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and the Impact of Events Scale (IES). The findings indicate significant and positive correlations between PTSD and all other variables, including the impact of the event, depression and anxiety. The multiple regression analysis revealed that these three variables significantly predicted PTSD symptoms and collectively explained 41% of the variance in PTSD levels. This study emphasizes the cumulative psychological impact of forced displacement and close losses on individuals and underscores the pressing need for culturally sensitive and trauma-informed mental health services in post-disaster intervention processes. The findings contribute to the understanding of trauma dynamics in post-disaster communities and guide the development of targeted mental health policies and psychosocial support programs.

Past research has suggested that isolation is associated with poorer psychological well-being, an issue of particular importance given the quarantines imposed during the recent coronavirus pandemic. The aim of the present randomized clinical trial was to evaluate the effectiveness of different strategies for coping with loneliness and distress during isolation. In the online study, participants (N = 330) from a nationwide and international sample were randomly assigned to practice one of six strategies (i.e. social support, prosocial behavior, structure, distraction, exercise, using helpful resources) or to a comparison group. They completed measures of psychological distress and loneliness at baseline and after one and two weeks assigned to their strategy for coping. Results revealed that a strategy of structuring daily activities was more effective at reducing distress than the other coping strategies. Younger and middle-aged participants experienced less distress using structure than other strategies, but there was no difference in distress based on extraversion or personal need for structure. For loneliness, results depended on personal need for structure such that those with average or higher need for structure experienced less loneliness when using the structure strategy. Neither age nor extraversion was a significant factor in the impact of structure on loneliness. Structuring daily activities appears to be superior to other strategies for coping during isolation, except for older individuals and those with lower need for structure, who may benefit from other strategies. Based on the study findings, providers should consider a recommendation of structuring daily activities as a way of managing distress and loneliness during social isolation.

The COVID-19 pandemic and resulting public health orders resulted in significant disruptions to people's daily lives, employment, social activities, and health. Whilst different sociodemographic groups were more vulnerable to being negatively impacted by the pandemic, coping theory suggests that how one appraises and responds to stressors can shape the severity of impact. This study aimed to examine how coping strategies predicted the perceived impact of COVID-19 on different aspects of life beyond sociodemographics, pandemic-related perceptions, and other psychological characteristics. Australian adults completed an online survey at two distinct time points of the pandemic (T1 N = 582, T2 N = 436). An original scale captured COVID-19 impacts on various domains of life. Hierarchical multiple regressions predicted impacts, with sociodemographic variables, pandemic-related attitudes, psychological characteristics, and coping strategies added incrementally. Sociodemographic factors were more related to negative impacts on work, financial circumstances, and family responsibilities, while coping variables were more associated with impact on mental health, physical health, and social connections. Extending existing literature showing relationships between coping strategies and psychological outcomes, our findings showed several coping strategies to contribute to impacts across various life domains more broadly. Findings help to identify those most vulnerable to negative impacts and coping strategies which mitigate or exacerbate impacts. This can inform public health interventions which support at-risk groups and promote adaptive coping to foster resilience and preparedness amidst current and future crises.

The long-term neurological effects of COVID-19, such as lack of concentration, loss of memory, and anxiety, present major concerns for COVID-19 Recovered Individuals (CRIs). Our study aims at understanding these long-term COVID-19 symptoms (LCS) and associated risk factors among the Indian cohort. In this two-part study, we analyze self-reported symptom information such as fatigue in different life spheres, symptoms experienced in past months, hospitalization status, and sex of Healthy Controls (HCs) and CRIs. In Study 1, we compare the symptoms of 62 CRIs (16 Females; 30.60   ±   10.34 years) with 36 hCs (11 Females; 27.53   ±   7.3 years). Chi-square analysis revealed that both the groups differ significantly from each other in terms of self-reported major symptoms experienced (MSEs) (p < 0.001) and major life spheres being affected by fatigue (MLSA) (p = 0.008). Further, in Study 2, we explore predictive models for these symptoms as reported by 57 of the CRIs (15 Females; 31.28   ±   10.50 years) using logistic regression and receiver operator characteristic (ROCs) information, with unrefreshing sleep, hospitalization status, and sex as the predictors for LCS. Statistical analysis reveals unrefreshing sleep as an important predictor of attention issues (odds ratio (OR) = 6.25, p = 0.003), anxiety issues (OR = 7.75, p = 0.018), and fatigue (OR = 5.83, p = 0.018) but was found non-significant for memory issues (OR = 1.86, p = 0.513) among CRIs. Hospitalization status and sex were not found to significantly affect these reported symptoms.

In the context of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, elderly individuals are confronted with an elevated vulnerability to psychological distress. However, disparities in the manifestation of anxiety and depression between migrant and native elderly populations have yet to be thoroughly examined. The purpose of this study was to identify the network characteristics of anxiety and depression among migrant and native elderly during the COVID-19 pandemic. Employing a cross-sectional design, we surveyed a total of 710 participants, encompassing both native and migrant elders. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-Anxiety subscale (HADS-A) and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) were utilized to assess anxiety and depression symptoms, respectively. R packages were used to construct the network. Expected influence and bridge expected influence were utilized to identify central and bridge symptoms. Network comparison tests were applied to examine the differences between networks. The anxiety and depression levels of native elderly are higher than those of migrant elderly. Migrant and native elderly networks exhibited identical central symptoms ('hypochondria', 'restless') and bridge symptoms ('worry', 'sad mood'). The 'anhedonia' was only more central in the migrant elderly network. Global strength and network structure differed significantly, with the migrant elderly network being more tightly knit. There are commonalities and differences in anxiety and depression networks among immigrant and native elders during the COVID-19 pandemic. This finding guides healthcare and mental health professionals to adopt targeted strategies for anxiety and depression in different populations of older adults.

Alzheimer's disease and kidney health have become serious and urgent public health issues. Bicarbonate and blood urea nitrogen is closely related to kidney function but the relationship of the bicarbonate, blood urea nitrogen and cognitive function which is one of the most important symptoms of Alzheimer's disease is still unclear. In this study we aimed to examine the association of the bicarbonate, blood urea nitrogen and cognitive function. This study used the NHANES database, from which 2681 eligible individuals over 60 years of age were selected. We also extracted cognitive related tests, bicarbonate and blood urea nitrogen concentration to statistically analyze. Logistic regression and restricted cubic splines (RCS) were performed with confounding variables such as gender, age, race, body mass index (BMI), and alcohol intake. After adjusting for multiple factors, statistical analyses indicated significant correlations between bicarbonate, blood urea nitrogen, and cognitive function tests, with varying strengths across different tests. A stratified analysis by gender revealed that there are also differences in the results by gender. Based on the research, we concluded that bicarbonate, blood urea nitrogen are correlated with cognitive function in older Americans. This effect varied across populations.