Psychology Health & Medicine最新文献

Purpose: This study aimed to explore the relationships between breast cancer prevention behavior, attitude, knowledge, and fatalism, and to examine the chain mediating effect of breast cancer-related fatalism (mediating variable 1, M1) and attitude (mediating variable 2, M2) on the relationship between breast cancer-related knowledge (X) and prevention behavior in Chinese women with benign breast tumors.

Methods: A cross-sectional design was used in this study, and 201 women with benign breast tumors were evaluated in terms of breast cancer-related fatalism, prevention knowledge, attitude and behavior by using the Multidimensional Fatalism Scale (MFS) and the Knowledge - attitude-behavior Questionnaire for Breast Cancer Prevention. Regression analysis was adopted to test and explain the relationships between breast cancer prevention behavior, attitude, knowledge, and fatalism, and the chain mediating effect of breast cancer-related fatalism (mediating variable 1, M1) and attitude (mediating variable 2, M2) on the relationship between breast cancer-related knowledge (X) and prevention behavior (Y) in women with benign breast tumors.

Results: Knowledge had significant direct predictive effects on fatalism, attitude and behavior (β_{knowledge→fatalism} = -0.24, p = 0.002; β_{knowledge→attitude} = 0.30, P < 0.001; β_{knowledge→behavior} = 0.14, p = 0.019), attitude has a significant direct predictive effect on behavior (β_{attitude→behavior} = 0.19, P < 0.001). In addition, there were two significant mediating paths: ① knowledge - attitude-behavior (β = 0.06, P < 0.05); and ② knowledge - fatalism - attitude-behavior (β = 0.01, P < 0.05).

Conclusion: Our findings indicate that helping women with benign breast tumors increase their knowledge, reduce fatalism, and promote positive attitude toward breast cancer prevention is conducive to enhancing their preventive behavior. In addition, improving the knowledge of women with benign breast tumors can also enhance their prevention behavior by affecting their fatalism and attitude.

In today's world, where digital consumption is prevalent, it's crucial to reflect on the psychological effects of online behaviors. This research focuses on exploring how abnormal online novel reading (AONR) mediates the connection between feelings of loneliness and maladaptive daydreaming (MD). A survey was conducted on 388 subjects who engage in online novel reading. The results revealed that AONR serves as a partial mediator between loneliness and MD. The findings suggest that loneliness may compel individuals to seek solace in the virtual narratives of online novels, which in turn may catalyze MD by offering fertile ground for elaborate fantasy worlds. These findings suggest that addressing the underlying issue of loneliness and reducing AONR could help alleviate MD. Interventions could focus on promoting social connections and fostering healthier coping mechanisms. Moreover, AONR should be considered a potential behavioral addiction, like other forms of digital addiction, as it involves preoccupation with online novels, withdrawal symptoms, increased tolerance, loss of control, continued engagement despite negative consequences, and escapism as a coping mechanism. They also highlight the importance for online novel readers who should be aware of the potential negative effects of this behavior on their mental health and strive to maintain a balance between reading habits and other activities to promote both personal fulfillment and psychological health.

Internet addiction (IA) and depression present significant public health challenges, especially during a pandemic. Previous research conducted outside of pandemic contexts highlighted the importance of emotional regulation (ER) for depression, with specific strategies such as cognitive reappraisal (CR) and expressive suppression (ES) showing effectiveness in predicting the internalization of problems. However, knowledge regarding ER strategies for depression and IA during the pandemic remains limited, thus hindering our implementation of effective strategies. This study aimed to examine the relationships between IA, ER strategies, and depressive symptoms, and to identify protective factors against depression and IA. Additionally, it sought to investigate the mediating role of depressive symptoms. Data were collected from 824 students across the pre-pandemic and pandemic periods. Results highlight the risks associated with ES for both depressive symptoms and IA, while CR demonstrates potential in reducing depressive symptoms and IA. Interventions that promote the development of CR and discourage reliance on ES can effectively mitigate depressive symptoms and IA.

eHealth literacy refers to one's ability to engage effectively with electronic health information. It is proven to have associations with certain psychological constructs; therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify cluster profiles based on differences in the context of levels of eHealth literacy, illness perception, well-being, stigmatization, optimism, and self-efficacy. In a cross-sectional design, a sample of adult hematology patients from Hungary (N = 96; Mage = 56.5 years; SD = 15.5) completed a self-administered paper-pencil survey including six scales: eHealth Literacy Scale, Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire, WHO Well-Being Index, Stigma Scale for Chronic Illness, Revised Life Orientation Test, and General Self-Efficacy Scale. Pearson's bivariate correlation analyses explored bivariate relationships between eHealth literacy and other psychological variables, while K-means clustering was performed to identify patient categorization across the explored variables. Correlation analysis revealed that eHealth literacy had a positive correlation with self-efficacy and a negative association with illness perception. Well-being was positively correlated with self-efficacy and optimism, while illness perception was negatively correlated with self-efficacy but positively with optimism. Cluster analysis identified two patient profiles. Cluster 1, labeled 'empowered and e-health literate patients', included 42 patients with high-level eHealth literacy, better well-being, positive illness perceptions, higher scores on self-efficacy and optimism, and weaker feelings of stigmatization. Cluster 2, labeled 'vulnerable patients with low-level eHealth literacy', comprised 53 patients with low-level eHealth literacy, poorer well-being, negative illness perceptions, lower level of self-efficacy and optimism, and stronger feelings of stigmatization. Chi-square tests revealed statistically significant differences by clusters regarding age, permanent residence, and health status. In conclusion, findings showed substantial differences in patient profiles, suggesting that in their development, eHealth literacy and its associations with psychological variables, most importantly, well-being and illness perception can play a decisive role. These results promote the targeted development of eHealth literacy interventions.

Resilience and marital quality are closely interrelated among individuals experiencing infertility, and both constructs have been shown to positively predict fertility-related quality of life (FRQoL). However, the mutual influences between partners within infertile couples have received limited attention. This study aimed to explore the mediating role of marital quality in the relationship between individual resilience and FRQoL within a dyadic framework. A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 984 infertile couples recruited from the First Affiliated Hospital between May 2019 and December 2023. Resilience, marital quality, and FRQoL were assessed using the 10-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC-10), the unidimensional Quality Marriage Index (QMI), and the Fertility Quality of Life (FertiQoL) scale, respectively. Paired-sample t-tests indicated that female partners reported significantly lower scores than male partners across all three constructs. Utilizing the actor-partner interdependence mediation model (APIMeM), dyadic relationships among these variables were examined. Results demonstrated that resilience directly and positively predicted FRQoL for both oneself and one's partner. Additionally, resilience indirectly predicted FRQoL by positively influencing marital quality within couples. However, marital quality significantly predicted only one's own FRQoL, without significant cross-partner effects. These findings have several important implications. First, marital quality represents a crucial intervention target for enhancing FRQoL among infertile couples. Second, observed gender disparities indicate that female partners may require more targeted psychological support. Finally, although men generally report higher scores in resilience, marital quality, and FRQoL, enhancing marital quality is nonetheless beneficial for both partners individually. Therefore, psychological interventions should adopt a couple-centered approach, simultaneously addressing emotional well-being and relationship dynamics to optimize outcomes for both partners.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between adolescent static behavior and mental health, and to provide a scientific basis for improving adolescent mental health. A total of 5713 adolescents aged 13-18years were sampled from September to December 2023 in Shanghai, Suzhou, Taiyuan, Wuyuan, Xingyi, and Urumqi using stratified whole cluster random sampling method. Physical Activity Level Questionnaire for Children and Adolescents Aged 7 to 18Years and Brief Questionnaire for the Assessment of Adolescent Mental Health were used to investigate static behavior and mental health, respectively. Spearman's correlation and linear regression were used to analyze the associations between static behavior and mental health dimensions. The sedentary time in the good mental health group was significantly lower than that in the poor mental health group (z = -4.23, p < 0.01). Significant differences existed in the distribution of adolescents' mental health across different levels of meeting screen time recommendations (x²=12.27, p < 0.01). Sedentary time was significantly negatively correlated with emotional problems, conduct problems, and social adjustment difficulties (r-values of -0.08, -0.05, and -0.06, respectively, with p-values < 0.01); and screen time was significantly negatively correlated with emotional problems, conduct problems, and social adjustment difficulties (r-values of -0.11, -0.14, and -0.11, respectively, with p-values < 0.01). Linear regression showed that sedentary time and screen time were significantly negatively associated with emotional problems, behavioral problems, and social adjustment difficulties, respectively (p-value < 0.01). There is a significant negative correlation between adolescents' static behavioral time and mental health scores, and reducing sedentary time and screen time may help improve their emotional problems, conduct problems, and social adjustment difficulties, and provide a reference basis for developing mental health interventions for adolescents.

Psychological flexibility, a key process in Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), underpins adaptive coping and well-being in chronic conditions but has not been examined in adults with facial palsy (FP). This study explored associations between psychological flexibility processes, functioning, and well-being in this population. A cross-sectional online survey was completed by 124 adults with acquired facial palsy (FP) across the UK and Northern Ireland. Measures included psychological flexibility processes (valued action, openness to experience, behavioural awareness), social and physical functioning, well-being, anxiety, and depression. Hierarchical multiple regressions examined covariates of well-being, anxiety, and depression, entering demographics (age, gender) at Step 1, functioning at Step 2, and psychological flexibility at Step 3. Social functioning was the most consistent covariate across models, associated with greater well-being and lower anxiety and depression. Psychological flexibility processes contributed to well-being and anxiety, with valued action, behavioural awareness, and openness to experience predicting greater well-being, while openness to experience and behavioural awareness predicted greater anxiety. Psychological flexibility was not associated with depression. Findings suggest that psychological flexibility processes contribute uniquely to well-being and anxiety among adults with FP, beyond demographic and functional factors. In contrast, depressive symptoms were primarily associated with reduced social functioning. ACT-informed interventions that strengthen valued action and behavioural awareness, alongside support targeting social functioning, may be beneficial for this population.

The Climate Change Anxiety Scale (CCAS) is an emerging psychometric instrument designed to assess climate change anxiety (CCA). This study aimed to preliminarily identify reference cutoff scores and core items of the CCAS in a Chinese adult population. We conducted an online cross-sectional survey in China between May and June 2024, recruiting 653 Chinese adults (mean age = 32.62 ± 7.40 years; 53.8% female) via Wenjuanxing. CCA was assessed using the CCAS. External variables included generalized anxiety (Chinese GAD-7), self-rated sleep quality (single-item, past week), and self-reported experience of meteorological disasters (yes/no). Latent profile analysis (LPA) and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses were used to derive reference cutoff scores, and network analysis was applied to identify core items. LPA supported a two-profile solution and yielded an overall reference cutoff score of 27.5, above which participants were categorized as having elevated CCA risk. Participants classified as high risk reported higher generalized anxiety, poorer sleep quality, and a higher likelihood of meteorological disaster experience. Sex-stratified analyses indicated different optimal cutoffs: 28.5 for males (sensitivity = 1.000; specificity = 0.982) and 26.5 for females (sensitivity = 0.986; specificity = 0.986). Network analysis further suggested that the item 'My concerns about climate change undermine my ability to work to my potential' exhibited the highest centrality, with statistical significance observed only among females. Overall, these findings provide practical, research-oriented evidence for using CCAS-based stratification in Chinese adults and offer preliminary guidance for future subgrouping and sensitivity analyses, while underscoring the need for further validation in broader and more representative samples.

Infertility treatment presents significant psychological challenges for couples, affecting prenatal attachment and marital adjustment. Haptonomy, a touch-based intervention, has been proposed to enhance parent-infant bonding and strengthen partner relationships during pregnancy. However, limited research has explored its impact on couples conceiving through assisted reproductive technologies (ART). This study examined the effects of partner-assisted haptonomy on prenatal attachment and marital adjustment in women who conceived through infertility treatment. A randomized controlled trial was conducted with 47 pregnant women and their partners at an in vitro fertilization centre in Turkey. Participants were assigned to either the intervention group, receiving partner-assisted haptonomy sessions, or the control group, receiving routine prenatal care. Prenatal attachment and marital adjustment were assessed using the Prenatal Attachment Inventory (PAI), Paternal Antenatal Attachment Scale (PAAS), and Marital Adjustment Scale (MAS). Data were collected at baseline, fourth, and eighth weeks. Haptonomy significantly improved both maternal and paternal attachment over time. Fathers in the intervention group demonstrated a greater emotional connection with the fetus compared to the control group. Additionally, haptonomy positively influenced marital adjustment, with couples reporting improved communication and emotional closeness. Repeated measures analysis of variance showed a significant time effect on all outcome measures (p < 0.001), with more potent effects on paternal attachment and marital adjustment. Partner-assisted haptonomy may be a valuable intervention for couples conceiving through ART, promoting prenatal attachment and marital adjustment. Integrating haptonomy into prenatal care could provide psychological benefits, supporting family dynamics and emotional well-being during pregnancy. Further research is needed to examine the long-term impact on postnatal bonding and family relationships.

Shift work is essential in nursing to ensure continuous patient care; however, it is associated with adverse health outcomes. Cortisol, a key stress hormone regulated by the circadian rhythm, is often disrupted by shift work. This systematic review aimed to examine the association between types of shift work and cortisol levels in nurses. The systematic review was conducted following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, and the study protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42025641432). A comprehensive literature search was performed using seven databases (PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, Cochrane library, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and Scopus) to identify studies published after 2000 that investigated the relation between shift work and cortisol levels among nurses on 4 November 2024. The risk of bias was assessed using ROBINS-I, and results were synthesized narratively because of heterogeneity in study designs and cortisol measurement methods. Eight studies met our inclusion criteria. Comparisons between nurses working fixed daytime shifts and those on night shifts consistently showed elevated cortisol levels and circadian rhythm disruption in night-shift nurses. However, findings on rotating shift schedules (including two-shift vs. three-shift rotations and rotating vs. fixed shifts) were inconsistent. The overall risk of bias was high, primarily owing to confounding factors and participant selection. In conclusion, shift work, particularly fixed night shifts, was linked to cortisol imbalance and circadian misalignment among nurses. Future research should incorporate confounding variables into analytical models to enhance the accuracy of findings. Additionally, optimized shift schedules should be developed and implemented to promote individual wellbeing and workforce sustainability.