Psychology Health & Medicine最新文献

Many caregivers of patients with a stroke experience significant caregiver burden and impaired mental health. Since illness perceptions seem to play an important role in illness outcomes, not only in patients but also in caregivers, this study aimed to explore illness perceptions in stroke caregivers. It examined associations between caregivers' illness perceptions, patient health, and caregiver outcomes (burden, depression, and anxiety) as well as the mediating role of illness perceptions between patient health and caregiver outcomes. Using a cross-sectional design, 115 stroke caregivers completed the following questionnaires: a modified version of the Illness Perception Questionnaire (IPQ-R) assessing caregivers' illness perceptions, self-report questionnaires about caregiver burden (Burden Scale for Family Caregivers, BSFC), depression, and anxiety (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, HADS) as well as a proxy version of the Stroke Impact Scale (SIS) assessing the stroke patient's health domains. Poor caregiver outcomes on BSFC and HADS were mainly predicted by poor outcomes in SIS domains of patients' emotional health and participation capabilities. Poor patients' health status on SIS predicted caregivers' illness perceptions (IPQ-R) of a chronic timeline, high consequences, and a strong emotional response. Caregivers' illness perceptions, especially of many consequences and a strong emotional response, explained almost 50% of the variance in caregiver burden (BSFC), depression, and anxiety (HADS). The relationship between patients' health in SIS domains and caregiver outcomes on BSFC and HADS was partially mediated by caregivers' illness perceptions. Causal assumptions need to be verified in longitudinal analyses. Not just the patients' health status itself but also caregivers' beliefs about the illness strongly influence their well-being. Therefore, addressing illness perceptions within psychological assessment and in psychoeducational interventions should be central in supporting caregivers' well-being.

Increasing psychological resilience against the ever-increasing smartphone addiction is crucial. In this context, mindfulness is thought to be an important element. This study was conducted to determine the moderating role of mindfulness in the relationship between psychological resilience and smartphone addiction. This study is cross-sectional and correlational. The study employed a sample consisting of 380 nursing students who voluntarily agreed to participate and completed the online forms. Data were collected using an introductory information form, the mindfulness scale, the psychological resilience scale, and the smartphone addiction scale-short form. Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation analysis, and Hayes' Process macro were used in the data analysis. Mindfulness levels were found to be high in first grade but decreased in higher grades, while smartphone addiction was highest in fourth grade. As mindfulness increased, psychological resilience also increased, and as mindfulness or psychological resilience increased, smartphone addiction decreased. Mindfulness was found to be a significant moderator variable supporting the inverse relationship between psychological resilience and smartphone addiction. It is thought that it is important to use various activities such as courses, seminars, etc. that aim to increase mindfulness in nursing education.

Mpox symptoms and strategies implemented to control its spread may be associated with fear, anxiety, anger, boredom, exhaustion, social isolation, and stigma. This study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Monkeypox Fear Scale (MFS) in 421 Peruvian adults from the Piura region, based on a psychometric network model. Additionally, this study assessed the centrality, stability, and accuracy of the symptom network associated with fear of Mpox. The participants were selected through non-probability sampling, with a mean age of 26.4 years (SD = 9.3), and the majority were women (238, 56.5%). The psychometric network analysis methodology was used to assess the internal structure and reliability. Those items 1, 3, and 7 were removed because of their high redundancy levels. Network estimation was conducted using the remaining four items (4, 6, 5, and 2), forming a new version of the MFS (MFS-4) that demonstrated a single network structure (unidimensional measure), as identified through Exploratory Graph Analysis (EGA). Reliability, estimated via structural consistency, confirmed that the single network structure was replicated in 100% of cases, and the items demonstrated stability. Furthermore, the network structure of MFS-4 functioned similarly across male and female groups. Additionally, the symptom 'When I see news and stories about monkeypox on social media, I feel nervous or anxious' was identified as the most central and showed the strongest relationship with the symptom 'I am afraid of losing my life due to monkeypox'. In conclusion these findings provide a rapid, valid, and reliable measure that lays the foundation for future research on fear of Mpox and other infectious diseases in Peru.

Depressive symptoms affect a significant proportion of stroke survivors, negatively affecting quality of life and functional recovery. This study was guided by the health ecology model (HEM). It aimed to build a predictive model for identifying high-risk individuals with post-stroke depression symptoms (PSDS), providing theoretical support for prevention strategies. Data were extracted from the CHARLS. Depressive symptoms were measured using the CESD-10 scale. Guided by the HEM, influencing factors were identified and stratified. Binary logistic regression was used to analyze determinants of PSDS, while the Harvard Cancer Index was used to assess the risk of depressive symptoms among stroke survivors. A total of 54.13% of participants met CESD-10 criteria for depression. Multivariate analysis identified self-rated health status, activities of daily living, pain, drinking, night sleep time, marital status, life satisfaction, employment, and medical insurance as factors significantly associated with PSDS. Notably, risk stratification via the Harvard Cancer Index revealed a clear ordered trend with PSDS prevalence increasing progressively alongside higher risk categories (χ² = 41.395, p < 0.001). Significant differences existed between each consecutive risk level (χ² = 69.132, p < 0.001). PSDS is determined by multiple factors. The Harvard Cancer Index effectively stratifies PSDS risk in stroke survivors with distinct prevalence differences across ordered risk grades. This index provides a practical tool for identifying high-risk individuals and directly supports the development of targeted and efficient intervention strategies.

This study examines the infodemic experiences of earthquake victims. An infodemic - marked by an overabundance of accurate and inaccurate information - poses serious risks during disasters. In the aftermath of the 2023 Kahramanmaraş earthquakes in Turkey, disrupted communication and rapid misinformation spread heightened confusion, anxiety, and mistrust. A descriptive qualitative design was used. Fourteen earthquake survivors living in a container city in Malatya were interviewed using a semi-structured guide. Participants were selected via purposive sampling. Data were analyzed thematically following Colaizzi's method. Five themes and 13 sub-themes were identified: difficulty accessing reliable news, misinformation and delays, sources of disinformation, psychological effects of infodemic, and survivor recommendations. Participants reported encountering conspiracy theories, contradictory media reports, and emotional distress due to misleading information. The infodemic worsened the psychological toll of the disaster and eroded trust in authorities. Survivors emphasized the need for centralized, accurate, and timely communication. Nurses play a vital role in correcting misinformation, promoting health literacy, and supporting emotional recovery. Policymakers should ensure communication infrastructure, regulate misinformation, and involve health professionals in disaster communication.

University is a challenging environment for young people due to the socio-emotional and academic demands that characterize university education. University students often experience psychological distress due to high levels of stress, which can sometimes lead to mental health problems such as chronic exhaustion, anxiety symptoms, depression, hopelessness, and increased risk of suicide. The purpose of this study was to examine the role of mindfulness as a mediator between psychological distress and well-being in university students. A non-probabilistic sample of 1113 university students was achieved. The mean age was 19.58 years (SD = 3.22). Data were collected using validated self-report instruments: the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ), the Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4), the Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS-10), and the WHO-5 Well-Being Index. The structural equation model indices demonstrated an adequate to excellent model fit, supporting the theoretical structure of the proposed model. Path analysis revealed a significant indirect effect of psychological distress and stress on psychological well-being through the facets of Acting with Awareness and Non-Reactivity. These findings lend support to the notion that mindfulness functions as a psychological mechanism that mitigates the impact of psychological distress in university students and promotes states of well-being. Highlighting the need to implement psychoeducational and psychological strategies in universities that promote the practice of mindfulness. These strategies could significantly contribute to the reduction of symptoms of stress, anxiety, and depression, thus promoting well-being of students in their academic environment.

Long-term care for autistic children tends to expose parents to higher levels of parenting stress, which affects the quality of family life and the child's development and well-being. The first objective of this study was to identify profiles of parenting stress in parents of autistic children, and the second objective was to explore the influencing factors affecting the profiles. The Parenting Stress Index-Short Form (PSI-SF) was administered to 231 parents. Results indicated significant within-group differences in parenting stress, which could be profiled into three profiles: low-stress, medium-stress, and high-stress. Coping styles, support utilization and autism symptom severity significantly influenced the profiles of parenting stress. This study will provide an effective guide to alleviate parenting stress and facilitate the development and well-being of autistic children.

This study aims to examine the mediating role of psychological flexibility in the relationship between abusive leadership and employees' mental health, drawing on the Conservation of Resources Theory and Acceptance and Commitment Theory (ACT). A quantitative, cross-sectional design was employed with a sample of 400 healthcare workers in Turkey. Data were analysed using SPSS 27 for descriptive and frequency statistics and Mplus 8 for mediation modelling. The results revealed that abusive leadership negatively affects mental health, while psychological flexibility has a positive impact. Moreover, psychological flexibility fully mediates the association between abusive leadership and mental health, indicating that psychological flexibility substantially reduces the adverse effects of abusive leadership.

Excessive Internet usage may lead to problematic Internet use (PIU) with significant functional, social, or occupational consequences. We investigated whether the association between PIU and psychosomatic symptoms varied between genders among adolescents in Saudi Arabia. School students (grades 7-12; n = 1599) from two major cities in Saudi Arabia participated in this cross-sectional study. PIU was assessed with Young's Internet Addiction Test (YIAT), and psychosomatic symptoms were evaluated using the Health Behavior in School-aged Children Symptom Checklist (HBSC SCL). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models examined the associations between PIU and psychosomatic symptoms and their variance between genders. The mean (SD) age of the participants was 16 (2) years, and more than half (52.2%) were girls. The prevalence of PIU in this sample was 35.6%. Irritability or bad temper (14.3%) was the highest reported daily psychosomatic symptom, while 12.6% of participants suffered from daily sleep difficulty, and 11.8% reported nervousness. Stomachache was the least common health complaint (5.6%). Collectively, 12.8% of participants experienced ≥3 psychosomatic symptoms daily, and 26% of girls with PIU suffered from them. Girls with PIU were significantly more likely (OR = 6.2, 95% CI = 3.95-9.60) to have ≥3 daily symptoms than boys without PIU after adjusting for other covariates. Overall, psychosomatic symptoms are more common among adolescent girls with PIU than girls without PIU and more than boys with or without PIU. Measures to decrease PIU in this group are necessary to reduce the odds of developing these psychosomatic symptoms.

Trial registration: Australia and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12622001410741.