Psychology Health & Medicine最新文献

Long-term care for autistic children tends to expose parents to higher levels of parenting stress, which affects the quality of family life and the child's development and well-being. The first objective of this study was to identify profiles of parenting stress in parents of autistic children, and the second objective was to explore the influencing factors affecting the profiles. The Parenting Stress Index-Short Form (PSI-SF) was administered to 231 parents. Results indicated significant within-group differences in parenting stress, which could be profiled into three profiles: low-stress, medium-stress, and high-stress. Coping styles, support utilization and autism symptom severity significantly influenced the profiles of parenting stress. This study will provide an effective guide to alleviate parenting stress and facilitate the development and well-being of autistic children.

This study aims to examine the mediating role of psychological flexibility in the relationship between abusive leadership and employees' mental health, drawing on the Conservation of Resources Theory and Acceptance and Commitment Theory (ACT). A quantitative, cross-sectional design was employed with a sample of 400 healthcare workers in Turkey. Data were analysed using SPSS 27 for descriptive and frequency statistics and Mplus 8 for mediation modelling. The results revealed that abusive leadership negatively affects mental health, while psychological flexibility has a positive impact. Moreover, psychological flexibility fully mediates the association between abusive leadership and mental health, indicating that psychological flexibility substantially reduces the adverse effects of abusive leadership.

Excessive Internet usage may lead to problematic Internet use (PIU) with significant functional, social, or occupational consequences. We investigated whether the association between PIU and psychosomatic symptoms varied between genders among adolescents in Saudi Arabia. School students (grades 7-12; n = 1599) from two major cities in Saudi Arabia participated in this cross-sectional study. PIU was assessed with Young's Internet Addiction Test (YIAT), and psychosomatic symptoms were evaluated using the Health Behavior in School-aged Children Symptom Checklist (HBSC SCL). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models examined the associations between PIU and psychosomatic symptoms and their variance between genders. The mean (SD) age of the participants was 16 (2) years, and more than half (52.2%) were girls. The prevalence of PIU in this sample was 35.6%. Irritability or bad temper (14.3%) was the highest reported daily psychosomatic symptom, while 12.6% of participants suffered from daily sleep difficulty, and 11.8% reported nervousness. Stomachache was the least common health complaint (5.6%). Collectively, 12.8% of participants experienced ≥3 psychosomatic symptoms daily, and 26% of girls with PIU suffered from them. Girls with PIU were significantly more likely (OR = 6.2, 95% CI = 3.95-9.60) to have ≥3 daily symptoms than boys without PIU after adjusting for other covariates. Overall, psychosomatic symptoms are more common among adolescent girls with PIU than girls without PIU and more than boys with or without PIU. Measures to decrease PIU in this group are necessary to reduce the odds of developing these psychosomatic symptoms.

Trial registration: Australia and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12622001410741.

This cross-sectional study examined the impact of stress and smartphone addiction on eating addiction in adolescents (N = 500). Data were collected through face-to-face interviews using the Personal Information Form, Adolescent Stress Questionnaire (ASQ-S), Smartphone Addiction Scale - Short Version (SAS-SV), and Yale Food Addiction Scale for Children 2.0 (YFAS-C 2.0). Regression analysis revealed that both YFAS-C 2.0 and ASQ-S scores were significant predictors of smartphone addiction (p < 0.05). The odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the risk of smartphone addiction were 1.057 (95% CI: 1.037-1.078) for YFAS-C 2.0 and 1.031 (95% CI: 1.018-1.044) for ASQ-S (p < 0.001). These findings underscore the need for increased awareness among adolescents regarding stress management, responsible smartphone use, and healthy eating behaviors as part of behavioral addiction prevention strategies.

Obesity and its psychosocial correlates represent an increasing public health concern. Prior international evidence suggests links between depression, anxiety, BMI, and eating behavior traits, yet these relationships remain understudied in Latin American populations. To address this gap, the present study examined associations among depression, anxiety, BMI, and specific eating behaviors, and explored whether eating behaviors mediate the relationship between mental health symptoms and BMI. Data were collected between 2023 and 2024 from 338 Argentine adults (18-67 years, M = 30.8, SD = 12.7; 68.9% women) through an online survey assessing height, weight, clinical information, anxiety (STAI-Trait), depression (BDI-II), and eating behaviors (AEBQ). In the regression model, BMI was positively associated with depression (β = 0.225, p < 0.001) and emotional overeating (β = 0.176, p = 0.002), and negatively associated with emotional undereating (β = -0.116, p = 0.046). Anxiety did not emerge as a significant predictor of BMI, despite being included in the analytical model. Mediation analyses indicated that emotional overeating partially mediated the association between depression and BMI (indirect estimate = 0.026, Z = 2.37, p = 0.018, 95% CI [0.006, 0.047]). Emotional undereating showed an opposite indirect pattern (indirect estimate = -0.024, Z = -2.15, p = 0.032, 95% CI [-0.046, -0.003]). Participants with obesity reported higher depression and emotional overeating, and lower under-eating and satiety responsiveness (F > 5.54, p < 0.019). We identified two pathways linking mental health, eating behaviors, and BMI: emotional overeating mediating the association between depressive symptoms and higher BMI, and emotional undereating mediating the association between depression and lower BMI. These findings highlight emotional eating as a relevant therapeutic target; psychosocial approaches such as cognitive-behavioral therapy, mindfulness-based interventions, or acceptance-based strategies may help address maladaptive eating patterns in weight-related care.

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between need to belong (NTB) and celebrity worship, with a focus on the mediating roles of desire for fame. Additionally, the moderating role of gender in this mediation model was examined. A sample of 408 boys and 331 girls from Chinese high schools completed a survey measuring NTB, desire for fame, and pathological celebrity worship. Mediation analyses revealed that desire for fame mediated the association between NTB and adolescents' pathological celebrity worship. Specifically, higher levels of NTB were associated with a stronger desire for fame, which in turn was linked to more pathological celebrity worship. Furthermore, moderated mediation analysis indicated that gender played a significant moderating role: the effect of NTB on desire for fame was stronger for boys, whereas the effect of desire for fame on pathological celebrity worship was more pronounced for girls. This study provides novel insights into the relationship between NTB and adolescents' pathological celebrity worship, highlighting the crucial role of desire for fame in shaping this link among boys and girls.

Central sensitization (CS) has been considered a precursor of different nociplastic pain (NP) conditions and it has been considered a core pathophysiological mechanism involved in the maintenance of these syndromes. Clinical frameworks and empirical evidence have suggested that traumatic experiences (TEs) might play a role in the development of CS and they could represent relevant factors reinforcing clinical manifestations characterizing NP conditions. Nevertheless, there are no studies that have empirically tested whether TEs might be involved in CS features across the NP spectrum and how TEs together with CS could affect the quality of physical and mental health among these conditions. The current study enrolled a sample of 464 participants, including treatment-seeking patients with chronic migraine (CM; N = 97), fibromyalgia (FM; N = 130) and comorbid FM-CM (N = 91) together with a healthy control (HC; N = 141) group. TEs, CS and quality of physical and mental health were assessed by self-report instruments. ANCOVA, MANCOVA and moderated mediational models were conducted. Patients with FM-CM showed the highest levels of traumatization (F_{(3, 459)} = 6.15; p < .01), especially compared to CM (d = .40) and HC (d = .56). TEs were significantly associated to CS symptoms across the NP spectrum (a: b = .31; p < .05), independently of condition. Furthermore, TEs indirectly affected the quality of physical and mental health (-.19 ≤ ab ≤ -.06; [-.30 - -.01]) of patients with NP conditions through CS (b: -.66 ≤ b≤ -.55; p < .001). This is the first study that has supported a key role of TEs in core pathophysiological mechanisms of NP syndromes, especially those characterized by complex and severe manifestations. These data support the systematic inclusion of evidence-based psychotherapeutic strategies for trauma-related reactions in the treatment of NP conditions.

This study aims to investigate the levels of psychological resilience, identify distinct subgroups of psychological resilience in children with intermittent exotropia (IXT) and to explore the key factors that differentiate these subgroups. A cross-sectional study. The study explored the characteristics and influencing factors of psychological resilience in children with IXT. Data were collected from IXT patients between June 2023 and January 2024. The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale was used as the research tool, and latent profile analysis was applied to identify subgroups based on psychological resilience levels. Chi-square tests, Kruskal-Wallis tests, and multinomial logistic regression were employed to examine the factors affecting resilience in IXT children. A total of 302 participants were included, classified into three groups: low resilience (18.87%), moderate resilience (38.75%), and high resilience (42.38%). Compared to the high resilience group, self-esteem (OR = 0.795, p < 0.001), self-efficacy (OR = 0.897, p < 0.001), and the relationship with the primary caregiver (OR = 0.316, p = 0.011) were key factors distinguishing the moderate and low resilience groups. The low resilience group also exhibited higher levels of depression (OR = 1.194, p = 0.036). The heterogeneity in resilience among children with IXT underscores the need for tailored psychological interventions. Lower psychological resilience in children with IXT may lead to an increased risk of depression, which could hinder recovery. The heterogeneity in resilience trajectories among the three groups indicates the need for tailored psychological interventions based on specific characteristics of each subgroup, particularly in preoperative assessments for strabismus correction surgery. The findings will serve as a reference for enhancing psychological resilience, accelerating postoperative recovery, and preventing psychological issues in children with IXT.

This study aims to test the effect of combining art and music therapies administered through interactive television, to curtail post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) of school children who have experienced kidnapping. A quasi-experiment was carried out in two selected secondary schools. The study sample comprised 450 students divided into a control group of 225 and an experiment group of 225. The treatment group was further divided into art (N = 75), music (N = 75) and art combined with music therapy groups (N = 75), respectively. Results suggest that interactive TV-based music therapy alone, art therapy alone, and art plus music therapy are effective intervention strategies for reducing the PTSD of school children who have experienced kidnapping in Nigeria (effect size = .471). Compared to interactive TV-based music therapy or art therapy alone, interactive TV-based art plus music treatment is more successful in reducing PTSD (effect size = .544). We recommend the introduction of interactive TV-based music and art therapy to reduce the PTSD of children who survived kidnapping. More focus should be placed on combining art with music therapy, which is more effective in curtailing children's PTSD.