Physics and Chemistry of the Earth最新文献_第10页

Differentiated grouting reinforcement for mines based on material rheology and coal–rock bonding characteristics 基于材料流变学和煤岩黏结特性的矿山差异化注浆加固

IF 4.1 3区地球科学 Q2 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Physics and Chemistry of the Earth

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.pce.2025.104249

Bowen Fan , Ping Chang , Zhijun Wan , Yuan Zhang , Ruiqiang Liu , Bin Du

Roof breakage and weak coal seams frequently trigger rib spalling and roof collapse at longwall faces, posing major risks to mine safety. Grouting reinforcement is an effective measure to stabilise fractured coal–rock masses, yet its performance strongly depends on selecting materials that balance structural requirements, construction safety and economic feasibility. This study presents a combined laboratory–field evaluation of four commonly used grouting materials—ordinary Portland cement (PISC), single-component inorganic material (JIRM), two-component inorganic material (TIRM) and two-component organic material (SPM). Their rheological behaviour, reinforcement effects on coal–rock composites and failure characteristics were examined, followed by full-scale verification at an operating longwall face. The results show clear differentiation in material performance: TIRM develops the highest compressive strength and is suited to high-stress reinforcement; SPM exhibits superior macroscopic ductile failure characteristics, enabling rapid stabilisation in emergency conditions; JIRM provides excellent flowability and cost advantages for large-scale pre-grouting; whereas PISC shows comparatively limited applicability. On this basis, a differentiated material selection strategy was formulated and successfully applied in the field, resulting in reduced material consumption, lower operational cost and markedly improved face stability. The study offers a practical framework for matching grouting materials to geological and operational demands, providing guidance for mines with similar working conditions.

顶板断裂和弱煤层频繁引发长壁工作面肋剥落和顶板垮落，对矿山安全构成重大威胁。注浆加固是稳定破碎煤岩体的有效措施，但其性能在很大程度上取决于材料的选择是否能平衡结构要求、施工安全性和经济可行性。本研究对普通硅酸盐水泥（PISC）、单组分无机材料（JIRM）、双组分无机材料（TIRM）和双组分有机材料（SPM）四种常用注浆材料进行了实验室-现场联合评价。研究了它们的流变特性、对煤岩复合材料的加固效应和破坏特征，随后在一个正在运行的长壁工作面进行了全面验证。结果表明，在材料性能上存在明显的差异：TIRM具有最高的抗压强度，适合于高应力加固；SPM表现出优越的宏观延性破坏特征，能够在紧急情况下快速稳定；JIRM具有良好的流动性和成本优势，适用于大规模预灌浆；而PISC的适用性相对有限。在此基础上，制定了差异化的材料选择策略，并成功应用于现场，减少了材料消耗，降低了作业成本，显著提高了工作面稳定性。研究为注浆材料与地质和作业要求的匹配提供了实用框架，对类似工况的矿山具有指导意义。

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引用次数: 0

Machine learning approach for enhanced estimation of phosphorus adsorption isotherm parameters 基于机器学习的磷吸附等温线参数增强估计方法

IF 4.1 3区地球科学 Q2 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Physics and Chemistry of the Earth

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.pce.2025.104242

Xiaogang Li , Zelin Hu , Yilian Li , Danqing Liu , Xiaoying Yang

Adsorption is one critical mechanism affecting phosphorus migration across different environmental compartments. However, traditional laboratory-based parameter estimation for phosphorus adsorption isotherm models is laborious and results are limited to specific experimental conditions, restricting their broader applicability for assessing phosphorus transport dynamics in the real-world heterogeneous conditions. This study explored using machine learning to decipher the complex, nonlinear dynamics between the parameters of phosphorus adsorption isotherm models and common soil properties utilizing published experiment results. Our study results have confirmed the feasibility of such approach, with the best-performing models achieving R² values of 0.93 and 0.94 for the Q_max and LogK_L parameters, respectively, of the Langmuir model, and R² values of 0.99 for both the K_F and b parameters of the Freundlich model. For Q_max (Langmuir) and K_F (Freundlich), both indicating soil adsorption capacity, clay content was identified as the most significant influencing soil property. For K_L (Langmuir), indicating the strength of phosphorus adsorption, clay content (positive effect) and pH (negative effect) were identified as the two primary influencing soil properties. For the Freundlich b parameter, indicating favorability of phosphorus adsorption, pH and organic matter content were determined to be critical factors, both with positive effects. While focused on phosphorus, the newly developed framework for estimating adsorption model parameters possesses significant transferability to other pollutants. The developed models and adsorption parameter estimates are practically valuable for mapping regional soil adsorption capacity, calibrating and refining pollutant transport model parameters, and thereby supporting the formulation of effective pollution control and remediation strategies.

吸附是影响磷在不同环境间迁移的关键机制之一。然而，传统的基于实验室的磷吸附等温线模型参数估计是费力的，结果仅限于特定的实验条件，限制了它们在实际异质条件下评估磷迁移动力学的广泛适用性。本研究利用已发表的实验结果，探索利用机器学习来破译磷吸附等温线模型参数与常见土壤特性之间复杂的非线性动态关系。我们的研究结果证实了这种方法的可行性，Langmuir模型的Qmax和LogKL参数的最佳模型的R2值分别为0.93和0.94，Freundlich模型的KF和b参数的R2值均为0.99。对于表征土壤吸附能力的Qmax （Langmuir）和KF (Freundlich)，粘土含量对土壤性质的影响最为显著。对于表明磷吸附强度的KL (Langmuir)，确定了粘土含量（正影响）和pH（负影响）是影响土壤性质的两个主要因素。在Freundlich b参数中，pH和有机质含量是表明磷吸附有利度的关键因素，均具有正向影响。虽然主要关注磷，但新开发的估计吸附模型参数的框架具有对其他污染物的显著可转移性。所建立的模型和吸附参数估算对于绘制区域土壤吸附能力、校准和细化污染物运移模型参数，从而支持制定有效的污染控制和修复策略具有实际价值。

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引用次数: 0

A localised framework for sustainability assessment from a historical-geographical perspective: The case of Qinghai's agro-pastoral composite system in China 历史地理视角下的可持续性评估本土化框架——以中国青海农牧复合系统为例

IF 4.1 3区地球科学 Q2 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Physics and Chemistry of the Earth

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.pce.2025.104241

Fengjie Li , Xiao Zhang , Yang Liu , Ramamoorthy Ayyamperumal

The coupling of the ecological-economic-livelihood system in the agro-pastoral ecotone of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is crucial for sustainable development. To address the long-standing ecology-development tensions in Qinghai, stemming from historical and geographical factors, this study develops a sustainable agro-pastoral development (APSD) assessment framework and indicator system based on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). We quantified the synergistic evolution of its subsystems from 2000 to 2023. The coupling coordination degree model and structural equation modeling were employed to analyze inter-subsystem interactions, while topological network analysis was applied to map the regional evolutionary trajectories. The results show that the comprehensive APSD index increased by 36.5 % (from 0.447 in 2000 to 0.610 in 2023). However, the coupling coordination degree between the social livelihood system and the agro-pastoral, ecological-environmental, and economic systems remained low, averaging only 0.38 from 2000 to 2023. Furthermore, the correlation index of the APSD process among regions showed a phased declining trend. When combined with network modularity analysis, these findings reflect an increasing spatial heterogeneity in Qinghai's APSD process, driven by modernization. The study proposes that optimizing ecological compensation mechanisms, upgrading infrastructure, and promoting regional coordinated development are key adaptive pathways for Qinghai's future sustainable development. This framework provides a replicable systematic diagnostic tool for highland agro-pastoral areas around the world, and its ‘Indicator-Model-Policy’ trinity methodology is of practical value for achieving the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals.

为解决历史和地理因素导致的青海省长期存在的生态发展矛盾，构建了基于可持续发展目标的农牧可持续发展评价框架和指标体系。我们量化了从2000年到2023年其子系统的协同演化。采用耦合协调度模型和结构方程模型分析子系统间的相互作用，采用拓扑网络分析绘制区域演化轨迹。结果表明，综合APSD指数上升36.5%（从2000年的0.447上升到2023年的0.610）。然而，社会生计系统与农牧、生态环境和经济系统的耦合协调度较低，平均仅为0.38。区域间APSD过程相关指数呈阶段性下降趋势。结合网络模块化分析，这些发现反映了在现代化驱动下，青海APSD过程的空间异质性日益增强。研究认为，优化生态补偿机制、升级基础设施、促进区域协调发展是青海未来可持续发展的关键适应性路径。该框架为世界各地的高原农牧区提供了可复制的系统诊断工具，其“指标-模型-政策”三位一体的方法对实现2030年可持续发展目标具有实用价值。

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引用次数: 0

Radon concentration, its deterministic and probabilistic health risks through groundwater consumption, and spatial distribution 氡浓度及其通过地下水消耗的确定性和概率健康风险及其空间分布

IF 4.1 3区地球科学 Q2 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Physics and Chemistry of the Earth

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.pce.2025.104245

Said Muhammad , Fawad Hussain , Saeeda Yousaf , Zafar Iqbal , Umar Farooq , Ashfaq Ahmad

Groundwater is the main source of drinking water. Its quality is affected by geogenic and anthropic factors. Radon (²²²Rn) is a main concern among natural contaminants due to its radioactivity and health risks. This study analyzed ²²²Rn activity in groundwater sources in Peshawar and assessed associated health risks. Samples were collected from Bore Wells, Tube Wells, and Hand Pumps, and analyzed for ²²²Rn and other physicochemical parameters. ²²²Rn concentrations ranged from 0.1 to 17.1 Bq/L, depending on the source, with the highest in Tube Wells and the lowest in Hand Pumps. Groundwater exceeded the USEPA maximum contaminant level (MCL) of 11.1 Bq/L in 7 % of samples. All samples remained below the WHO guideline of 100 Bq/L. Deterministic risk evaluation showed higher effective ingestion doses (EwIng) in infants, attributed to higher intake relative to body weight. Effective inhalation doses (EwInh) contributed more to combined annual effective doses (EwTotal), which remained below the WHO reference dose of 100 μSv/year for infants, children, and adults. Deterministic risk and probabilistic lifetime cancer risk using Monte Carlo simulation were within USEPA acceptable limits. Correlation and principal component analyses showed weak to moderate associations with other parameters and indicated geogenic controls. Groundwater presents minimal radiological risk, but periodic monitoring of Tube Wells in hotspot areas is recommended.

地下水是饮用水的主要来源。其质量受地质和人为因素的影响。氡（222Rn）由于其放射性和健康风险是一种主要的自然污染物。本研究分析了白沙瓦地下水中222Rn的活动，并评估了相关的健康风险。从钻孔井、管井和手动泵中采集样品，分析222Rn和其他物理化学参数。222Rn的浓度范围为0.1 - 17.1 Bq/L，根据来源的不同，管井中最高，手动泵中最低。地下水在7%的样本中超过了美国环保署的最大污染物水平（MCL） 11.1 Bq/L。所有样本均低于世卫组织100bq /L的指导标准。确定性风险评估显示，婴儿的有效摄入剂量（EwIng）较高，归因于相对于体重的较高摄入量。有效吸入剂量（EwInh）对联合年有效剂量（EwTotal）贡献更大，仍低于世卫组织婴儿、儿童和成人的参考剂量100 μSv/年。使用蒙特卡罗模拟的确定性风险和概率终身癌症风险在美国环保局可接受的范围内。相关分析和主成分分析显示，与其他参数的相关性弱至中度，表明有地质控制作用。地下水的放射性风险最小，但建议对热点地区的管井进行定期监测。

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引用次数: 0

Extreme events and infant mortality: A mathematical modeling approach to understand climate-induced vulnerability in India 极端事件和婴儿死亡率：用数学模型方法来了解印度气候引起的脆弱性

IF 4.1 3区地球科学 Q2 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Physics and Chemistry of the Earth

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.pce.2025.104192

Aditi Chaturvedi, Mohammad Younus Bhat

Extreme climate events have increased the frequency and intensity of environmental extremes, impacting children, particularly infants. To systematically investigate how infant mortality is temporally related to extreme climate events, we created a mathematical model to demonstrate the transitory nature of the relationships in India over the period 1990–2022, using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) method as an econometric approach with time series mathematical modeling. This method enables to estimate variables dynamic relationships in both the long and short run, and is ideal for addressing the complexity of extreme climatic event interactions. The empirical findings indicate that particulate matter (PM_2.5), and increased frequency of natural disaster events have a significant positive relationship with higher infant mortality rates in both long and short-run, as 1 % rise in disasters and PM_2.5 levels results in 0.05 % and 0.12 % rise in infant mortality rates respectively in the long run. The increased occurrence of vector-borne diseases has revealed mixed results as rise in malaria by 1 % leads to rise in infant mortality rates by 0.21 % in the long-run, while dengue has a negative association in the long-run. The rise in temperature and carbon emissions demonstrated a negative link with the infant mortality rate in both long and short-run. This study highlights the need for climate-resilient health systems and the need for early warning systems to protect infant health amid increasing climate extremes.

极端气候事件增加了环境极端事件的频率和强度，影响到儿童，特别是婴儿。为了系统地研究婴儿死亡率与极端气候事件的时间相关性，我们使用自回归分布滞后（ARDL）方法作为时间序列数学建模的计量经济学方法，创建了一个数学模型，以证明印度1990-2022年期间这种关系的暂时性。这种方法能够估计变量在长期和短期内的动态关系，是解决极端气候事件相互作用复杂性的理想方法。实证结果表明，PM2.5、自然灾害事件频次增加与婴儿死亡率长期和短期均呈显著正相关，灾害和PM2.5水平每增加1%，婴儿死亡率长期分别上升0.05%和0.12%。病媒传播疾病发病率的增加带来了好坏参半的结果，从长远来看，疟疾发病率每上升1%，婴儿死亡率就会上升0.21%，而登革热在长期内则呈负相关。气温上升和碳排放量的上升，无论从长期还是短期来看，都与婴儿死亡率呈负相关。这项研究强调，需要建立具有气候适应能力的卫生系统，也需要建立早期预警系统，以便在极端气候日益增多的情况下保护婴儿健康。

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引用次数: 0

Modeling and fixed-bed adsorption performance of cellulose-reinforced nanochitosan for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon removal toward clean water applications 纤维素增强纳米壳聚糖在清洁水中去除多环芳烃的建模和固定床吸附性能

IF 4.1 3区地球科学 Q2 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Physics and Chemistry of the Earth

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.pce.2025.104262

S. Sathish , D. Prabu , M. Karthikeyan , A. Ramaraja , J. Aravind Kumar , R. Kamalesh , A. Saravanan , A.S. Vickram

The impact of toxic contaminants in the environment at a lower concentration has impelled the examination of active adsorbents for the remediation of PAH. The current research pacts with the synthesis of cellulose-mediated nano chitosan (C-NC) adsorbent and investigates the remediation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH). The XRD, BET, SEM, FTIR, and TGA investigation of the synthesized adsorbent material were investigated. The PAH removal has been considered at varying operational parameters like pH, biosorbent dosage, concentration, temperature and contact time. The determined adsorption capacity for C-NC has been intended to be 202.47 mg/g respectively. The isotherm and kinetics of PAH adsorption onto C-NC have been defined by pseudo-first-order and Langmuir model. The exothermic property of the adsorbent has been confirmed by the thermodynamic study. The fixed bed adsorption studies have provided the optimal values of operating conditions at a bed depth of 10 cm, inlet flow of 10 ml/min and PAH concentration of 25 mg/L for the aqueous sample. This examination exhibited that cellulose-mediated nano chitosan has been utilised as an effective strategy for the remediation of PAH.

低浓度环境中有毒污染物的影响促使人们研究活性吸附剂对多环芳烃的修复作用。本文主要研究纤维素介导的纳米壳聚糖（C-NC）吸附剂的合成及其对多环芳烃（PAH）的修复作用。对合成的吸附材料进行了XRD、BET、SEM、FTIR、TGA等表征。研究了pH、生物吸附剂用量、浓度、温度和接触时间等不同操作参数对多环芳烃的去除效果。测定的C-NC吸附量分别为202.47 mg/g。用拟一阶模型和Langmuir模型定义了多环芳烃在C-NC上吸附的等温线和动力学。热力学研究证实了吸附剂的放热性能。固定床吸附实验确定了床深为10 cm、进样流量为10 ml/min、多环芳烃浓度为25 mg/L的最佳操作条件。该研究表明，纤维素介导的纳米壳聚糖已被用作修复多环芳烃的有效策略。

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引用次数: 0

Material characterisation and simulation-based remediation of a failed earthen canal for enhanced hydraulic and structural performance 材料特性和基于模拟的失败土渠修复，以提高水力和结构性能

IF 4.1 3区地球科学 Q2 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Physics and Chemistry of the Earth

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.pce.2025.104265

Omkar Prakash Navagire, Rahul Shende, Rakesh Kumar Verma, Srinivasan V., Ashwini Mirajkar

This study examines the rehabilitation of an earthen irrigation canal, focusing on the performance and application of innovative construction materials to improve canal efficiency and durability. Field investigations, including geotechnical sampling and topographic surveys, revealed moderately plastic, clayey soils with variable permeability that weaken the lining's integrity. To support material selection, seepage and hydraulic behaviour were assessed using SEEP/W and EPANET 2.2 simulations, which identified critical seepage rates of up to 0.83 L/s/m and pressure losses exceeding 1.5 m under peak flow conditions. Based on these findings, a comparative evaluation of repair materials, Bituminous Geomembrane (BGM), Concrete Canvas (CC), Plain Cement Concrete (PCC) lining, and Pipe Distribution Network (PDN), was carried out. These materials were assessed for their hydraulic sealing efficiency, durability, and compatibility with in situ soils. The study emphasises the significance of advanced building materials in canal restoration, highlighting their contributions to enhanced water retention, improved structural reliability, and sustainable irrigation infrastructure. The seepage loss in the existing canal is approximately 36 %, which is reduced to 0.002 % with BGM and 0.5 % with CC. Cost analysis findings are also summarised to highlight the practical significance of the results. The results support material-based strategies for repairing and enhancing the long-term performance of civil engineering water conveyance systems.

本研究探讨土质灌溉渠的修复，重点探讨创新建筑材料的性能和应用，以提高运河的效率和耐久性。包括岩土取样和地形调查在内的现场调查显示，中等塑性的粘土具有可变的渗透性，从而削弱了衬砌的完整性。为了支持材料的选择，采用SEEP/W和EPANET 2.2模拟对渗流和水力行为进行了评估，确定了峰值流量条件下的临界渗流速率高达0.83 L/s/m，压力损失超过1.5 m。基于这些发现，对修复材料，沥青土工膜（BGM），混凝土帆布（CC），普通水泥混凝土（PCC）衬砌和管道分配网络（PDN）进行了比较评估。评估了这些材料的水力密封效率、耐久性和与原位土壤的相容性。该研究强调了先进建筑材料在运河修复中的重要性，强调了它们对增强保水性、提高结构可靠性和可持续灌溉基础设施的贡献。现有运河的渗流损失约为36%，采用BGM和CC分别减少到0.002%和0.5%。本文还总结了成本分析结果，以突出结果的实际意义。研究结果支持基于材料的策略来修复和提高土木工程输水系统的长期性能。

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引用次数: 0

Hydrolytic pretreatment strategies of brewery mashing wastewater for improved succinic acid production 提高琥珀酸产量的啤酒醪废水水解预处理策略

IF 4.1 3区地球科学 Q2 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Physics and Chemistry of the Earth

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.pce.2026.104290

Haidong Zhu, Dafang Fu, Yixin Yan, Rajendra Prasad Singh

Brewery mashing wastewater (BMW), rich in oligosaccharides and organic matter, was evaluated as a low-cost substrate for succinic acid (SA) production by Actinobacillus succinogenes. To enhance fermentability, BMW pretreatment was conducted in acid, alkaline, and enzymatic conditions, and their effects on sugar release, inhibitor formation, and fermentation performance were systematically compared. Pectinase hydrolysis (PH) proved most effective, releasing 26.47 g/L glucose and simultaneously minimizing inhibitor accumulation. Fermentation with pectinase hydrolysates achieved an SA titer of 16.19 g/L and a yield of 0.61 g SA/g glucose, exceeding reported values for food-waste hydrolysates (0.43 g SA/g glucose) and approaching yields typically obtained with refined substrates. In contrast, acid and alkaline hydrolysis generated high levels of furanic inhibitors, impairing glucose utilization and limiting SA titers (<1.40 and < 1.61 g/L, respectively). α-Amylase hydrolysis exhibited moderate saccharification efficiency, and glucose supplementation was required to achieve yields comparable to PH. These results highlight that pretreatment choice is pivotal in shaping fermentation outcomes by balancing sugar accessibility against inhibitor toxicity. Enzymatic hydrolysis, particularly PH, offers a scalable and environmentally friendly path to convert BMW into platform chemicals. This study provides both mechanistic insights and practical evidence supporting the integration of BMW into circular bioeconomy strategies.

研究了啤酒醪液（BMW）作为琥珀酸放线菌（Actinobacillus succinogenes）生产琥珀酸（SA）的低成本底物。为了提高发酵性能，对BMW进行了酸、碱、酶三种条件下的预处理，系统比较了三种条件对糖释放、抑制剂形成和发酵性能的影响。果胶酶水解（PH）被证明是最有效的，释放26.47 g/L葡萄糖，同时最小化抑制剂的积累。果胶酶水解物发酵获得的SA滴度为16.19 g/L，产量为0.61 g SA/g葡萄糖，超过了报道的食物垃圾水解物的值（0.43 g SA/g葡萄糖），接近精制底物通常获得的产量。相比之下，酸和碱水解产生高水平的呋喃抑制剂，损害葡萄糖利用和限制SA滴度（分别为1.40和1.61 g/L）。α-淀粉酶水解表现出中等的糖化效率，需要添加葡萄糖才能达到与ph相当的产率。这些结果表明，通过平衡糖的可及性和抑制剂的毒性，预处理的选择是决定发酵结果的关键。酶水解，特别是PH，提供了一种可扩展和环保的途径，将宝马转化为平台化学品。本研究为宝马融入循环生物经济战略提供了机制见解和实践证据。

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引用次数: 0

Genesis mechanism of high geothermal temperature of underground water-sealed oil storage in coastal granite areas, southeastern China 中国东南沿海花岗岩区地下水封油藏高地温成因机制

IF 4.1 3区地球科学 Q2 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Physics and Chemistry of the Earth

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.pce.2025.104233

Xiangpeng Wang , Leilei Guo , Junbo Guo , Yang Song , Shujie Zhang

Granite in coastal areas is prioritized as a scheme for large-scale underground water-sealed oil storage (UWSOS) in China due to the inherent stability of the surrounding rock mass. However, such caverns are often situated at considerable depths with large cross-sections, posing significant challenges to worker health and construction safety due to high geothermal temperatures. Currently, there is insufficient monitoring data on the spatial distribution of these high geothermal fields, and their genesis mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study investigates a large-scale UWSOS project in Hainan Island, China, through an integrated approach including geological surveys, in-situ temperature monitoring, hydrochemical and isotopic analysis, geothermal reservoir assessment, and radiogenic heat production evaluation. Results reveal that the study area is characterized by a hydrothermal system of low to medium temperature. Deep groundwater percolates naturally through joints and fissures, mixing with shallow cold water during upward migration, a process facilitated by fracture networks within fault zones that enhance groundwater flow and heat transfer. Shallow groundwater is classified as HCO₃·Cl–Na·Ca and HCO₃·SO₄–Na·Ca types, with a geothermal gradient of 1.62–1.98 °C/100 m. Hydrochemical characteristics are primarily controlled by silicate mineral leaching. Stable isotope signatures (δD and δ¹⁸O) indicate a recharge elevation range of 35–1175 m. Silica geothermometers estimate a reservoir temperature of 71–105 °C, corresponding to a circulation depth of 2.45–3.39 km. The radioactive heat generation rates of the monzogranite and granite porphyry are 2.92 and 1.52 μW/m³, respectively, with thermal conductivities of 3.4641 and 3.0648 W/(m·k). The primary heat sources are identified as the regional geothermal gradient and radiogenic heat from the granite host rock, collectively described by the proposed predictive formula:

T = 0.96 \cdot T_{a} + 0.019 \cdot z + 2.03

. This study provides a scientific basis for the design, construction, and thermal management of UWSOS projects in high-geothermal coastal regions.

沿海花岗岩由于其围岩固有的稳定性，被优先考虑作为中国大型地下水封储油方案。然而，这类洞穴通常位于相当深的地方，横截面很大，由于地热温度高，对工人的健康和施工安全构成了重大挑战。目前，这些高地热田的空间分布监测资料不足，其成因机制也不清楚。本研究通过地质调查、现场温度监测、水化学和同位素分析、地热储层评价和放射性产热评价等综合方法，对中国海南岛UWSOS大型项目进行了研究。结果表明，研究区具有中低温热液体系的特征。深层地下水通过节理和裂缝自然渗透，在向上运移过程中与浅层冷水混合，这一过程在断裂带内的裂缝网络促进了地下水流动和热量传递。浅层地下水分为HCO3·Cl-Na·Ca和HCO3·SO4-Na·Ca两种类型，地温梯度为1.62 ~ 1.98℃/100 m。水化学特征主要受硅酸盐矿物浸出控制。δD和δ18O稳定同位素特征表明补给海拔范围为35 ~ 1175 m。石英地温计估计储层温度为71 ~ 105℃，对应的循环深度为2.45 ~ 3.39 km。二长花岗岩和花岗斑岩的放射性产热率分别为2.92和1.52 μW/m3，热导率分别为3.4641和3.0648 W/（m·k）。主要热源为区域地温梯度和花岗岩寄主岩放射性成因热，用预测公式T=0.96·Ta+0.019·z+2.03对其进行综合描述。本研究为高地热沿海地区UWSOS项目的设计、施工和热管理提供了科学依据。

{"title":"Genesis mechanism of high geothermal temperature of underground water-sealed oil storage in coastal granite areas, southeastern China","authors":"Xiangpeng Wang , Leilei Guo , Junbo Guo , Yang Song , Shujie Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.pce.2025.104233","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pce.2025.104233","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Granite in coastal areas is prioritized as a scheme for large-scale underground water-sealed oil storage (UWSOS) in China due to the inherent stability of the surrounding rock mass. However, such caverns are often situated at considerable depths with large cross-sections, posing significant challenges to worker health and construction safety due to high geothermal temperatures. Currently, there is insufficient monitoring data on the spatial distribution of these high geothermal fields, and their genesis mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study investigates a large-scale UWSOS project in Hainan Island, China, through an integrated approach including geological surveys, in-situ temperature monitoring, hydrochemical and isotopic analysis, geothermal reservoir assessment, and radiogenic heat production evaluation. Results reveal that the study area is characterized by a hydrothermal system of low to medium temperature. Deep groundwater percolates naturally through joints and fissures, mixing with shallow cold water during upward migration, a process facilitated by fracture networks within fault zones that enhance groundwater flow and heat transfer. Shallow groundwater is classified as HCO<sub>3</sub>·Cl–Na·Ca and HCO<sub>3</sub>·SO<sub>4</sub>–Na·Ca types, with a geothermal gradient of 1.62–1.98 °C/100 m. Hydrochemical characteristics are primarily controlled by silicate mineral leaching. Stable isotope signatures (δD and δ<sup>18</sup>O) indicate a recharge elevation range of 35–1175 m. Silica geothermometers estimate a reservoir temperature of 71–105 °C, corresponding to a circulation depth of 2.45–3.39 km. The radioactive heat generation rates of the monzogranite and granite porphyry are 2.92 and 1.52 μW/m<sup>3</sup>, respectively, with thermal conductivities of 3.4641 and 3.0648 W/(m·k). The primary heat sources are identified as the regional geothermal gradient and radiogenic heat from the granite host rock, collectively described by the proposed predictive formula: <span><math><mrow><mi>T</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>0.96</mn><mo>·</mo><msub><mi>T</mi><mi>a</mi></msub><mo>+</mo><mn>0.019</mn><mo>·</mo><mi>z</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>2.03</mn></mrow></math></span>. This study provides a scientific basis for the design, construction, and thermal management of UWSOS projects in high-geothermal coastal regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54616,"journal":{"name":"Physics and Chemistry of the Earth","volume":"142 ","pages":"Article 104233"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145685385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Geological implications of reservoir quality assessment through facies analysis, depositional architecture and diagenetic controls in the upper cretaceous-paleocene Aruma Formation, Saudi Arabia 沙特阿拉伯上白垩统-古新统Aruma组储层物性评价的相分析、沉积构型和成岩控制的地质意义

IF 4.1 3区地球科学 Q2 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Physics and Chemistry of the Earth

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.pce.2026.104293

Rayan Khalil

The upper Cretaceous-Paleocene Aruma Formation is a notable hydrocarbon-bearing formation of the Arabian Plate. This study examines the facies, depositional architecture, and diagenetic history of the Aruma Formation by synthesizing field and petrographic data. Field observations show that the formation is composed of three members which are Lower Khanasir member, the middle Hajajah member and upper Lina member. The Khanasir member is up to 64 m thick in the study area. This member is mostly composed of shale and glauconitic sandstone at the basal part while nodular burrowed limestone is present in the middle and upper part of this member. The middle Hajajah member is composed of marl and limestone which contains domal platy scleractinian corals facies upward. The upper Lina member is 40 m thick which is predominantly shale-interbedded with limestone-marl. The upper carbonate unit is massive bedded limestone, which is creamy, soft, argillaceous, and partially dolomitized Petrographically, the formation mostly consists of wackestone, packstone, and rudstone microfacies in the studied region. The formation is affected by diagenetic events, altering the reservoir characteristics. The processes include bioturbation, micritization, neomorphism, dissolution, and dolomitization. The porosity types in the Aruma Formation include vuggy, mouldic, fenestral, and dissolution porosity having porosity values ranging from 2.5 to 9.36 % and permeability from 0.27 to 11.53mD primarily developed by bioturbation, dissolution and fracturing. The reservoir quality of the formation is significantly enhanced by bioturbation and dissolution, which have created highly permeable zones within the Khanasir member; hence, these zones should be prioritized for future hydrocarbon exploration.

上白垩统-古新统阿鲁玛组是阿拉伯板块一个重要的含油气组。通过综合野外和岩石学资料，研究了阿鲁玛组的相、沉积构型和成岩历史。野外观测表明，该组由下Khanasir段、中Hajajah段和上Lina段三段组成。Khanasir在研究区域的厚度可达64米。该段基底以页岩和海绿石砂岩为主，中上部发育结节状洞状灰岩。中Hajajah段由泥灰岩和灰岩组成，向上发育穹状板状核状珊瑚相。上里纳段厚度40 m，主要为灰岩-泥灰岩页岩互层。上碳酸盐岩单元为块状层状灰岩，岩相特征为乳状、软质、泥质，部分白云化，研究区内主要发育微相为微晶灰岩、微晶灰岩、微晶灰岩。该地层受成岩事件影响，改变了储层特征。这些过程包括生物扰动、泥晶化、新形化、溶解和白云化。Aruma组孔隙类型包括洞型、模型、窗型和溶蚀型孔隙，孔隙度为2.5 ~ 9.36%，渗透率为0.27 ~ 11.53mD，主要由生物扰动、溶蚀和压裂发育。生物扰动和溶蚀作用显著提高了储层质量，在Khanasir段内形成了高渗透带；因此，这些区域应优先进行油气勘探。

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引用次数: 0