Ocean & Coastal Management最新文献_第6页

Subtidal benthic assemblages in a mediterranean bank along a depth gradient: Conservation perspectives of a vulnerable marine ecosystem

IF 4.8 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 OCEANOGRAPHY

Ocean & Coastal Management

Pub Date : 2025-02-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2025.107572

Lucia Rizzo , Andrea Picciolo , Giulio Tarantino , Luciana Muscogiuri , Simonetta Fraschetti , Antonio Terlizzi , Paolo D'Ambrosio

Banks are ecologically relevant seafloor structures recognized as biodiversity hotspots, covering a wide range of depths in several geological contexts and encompassing heterogeneous habitat types and benthic assemblages. They support vulnerable species and habitats of conservation interest, including coralligenous outcrops that are well known as nursery areas for several species, including commercial fish species, and as carbon-flow regulating regions. The vulnerability of this habitat, characterized by species with slow growth rates, long recovery periods and exposed to multiple anthropogenic pressures, makes the implementation of appropriate conservation and management measures an urgent priority. The present work aimed to investigate: the diversity and patterns of distribution of this benthic habitat, with a focus on habitat-forming species, together with the abundance and composition of benthic litter of a protected Mediterranean bank at several depth ranges. Overall, ROV video analyses highlighted the presence of 73 taxa, including species of high biological interest protected by international conventions, and provided evidence of the presence of invasive species in the investigated bank, such as the native polychaete Hermodice carunculata and the non-indigenous seaweed Caulerpa cylindracea. Coralligenous outcrops are impacted by anthropogenic marine litter, confirming the exploitation of the bank as a fishing area. All marine litter was represented by artificial polymer materials, consisting of Abandoned, Lost or otherwise Discarded Fishing Gears (ALDFGs). The contextual high abundance of ALDFGs and the low abundance of erect habitat-forming species observed in the deep waters document a long history of mechanical disturbance caused by both operating and lost demersal fishing gears. This study represents an integrative baseline of information for the implemented Special Area of Conservation (SAC) “Secca di Amendolara” and the recently instituted homonymous regional marine park, showing the importance of fine scale data to support management measures aimed at increasing the effectiveness of ongoing conservation plans.

{"title":"Subtidal benthic assemblages in a mediterranean bank along a depth gradient: Conservation perspectives of a vulnerable marine ecosystem","authors":"Lucia Rizzo , Andrea Picciolo , Giulio Tarantino , Luciana Muscogiuri , Simonetta Fraschetti , Antonio Terlizzi , Paolo D'Ambrosio","doi":"10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2025.107572","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2025.107572","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Banks are ecologically relevant seafloor structures recognized as biodiversity hotspots, covering a wide range of depths in several geological contexts and encompassing heterogeneous habitat types and benthic assemblages. They support vulnerable species and habitats of conservation interest, including coralligenous outcrops that are well known as nursery areas for several species, including commercial fish species, and as carbon-flow regulating regions. The vulnerability of this habitat, characterized by species with slow growth rates, long recovery periods and exposed to multiple anthropogenic pressures, makes the implementation of appropriate conservation and management measures an urgent priority. The present work aimed to investigate: the diversity and patterns of distribution of this benthic habitat, with a focus on habitat-forming species, together with the abundance and composition of benthic litter of a protected Mediterranean bank at several depth ranges. Overall, ROV video analyses highlighted the presence of 73 taxa, including species of high biological interest protected by international conventions, and provided evidence of the presence of invasive species in the investigated bank, such as the native polychaete <em>Hermodice carunculata</em> and the non-indigenous seaweed <em>Caulerpa cylindracea</em>. Coralligenous outcrops are impacted by anthropogenic marine litter, confirming the exploitation of the bank as a fishing area. All marine litter was represented by artificial polymer materials, consisting of Abandoned, Lost or otherwise Discarded Fishing Gears (ALDFGs). The contextual high abundance of ALDFGs and the low abundance of erect habitat-forming species observed in the deep waters document a long history of mechanical disturbance caused by both operating and lost demersal fishing gears. This study represents an integrative baseline of information for the implemented Special Area of Conservation (SAC) “Secca di Amendolara” and the recently instituted homonymous regional marine park, showing the importance of fine scale data to support management measures aimed at increasing the effectiveness of ongoing conservation plans.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54698,"journal":{"name":"Ocean & Coastal Management","volume":"262 ","pages":"Article 107572"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143101457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Using Public Participation GIS (PPGIS) to relate local concerns over growth in tourism and aquaculture to integrated coastal zone management in the Tromsø region, Norway

IF 4.8 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 OCEANOGRAPHY

Ocean & Coastal Management

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2024.107510

Emma Annika Salminen , Francisco Javier Ancin Murguzur , Victoria Marja Sofia Ollus , Sigrid Engen , Vera Helene Hausner

Blue growth has been promoted as a strategy for generating jobs and welfare in Europe. Aquaculture and coastal tourism, which both fall under EU's blue growth strategy, have expanded in the last two decades raising environmental concerns and conflicts with traditional uses in coastal communities. In Norway, inter-municipal coastal zone planning aims to balance the different interests and concerns deriving from growth in aquaculture and tourism, but their potential to mitigate local concerns has rarely been examined. In this study, we invited 1312 participants from the Tromsø region to identify locations of concern relating to a growing aquaculture and tourism industry using an online Public Participation GIS (PPGIS) platform. We compared the PPGIS data over present and future concerns with areas designated for aquaculture and tourism in the recent coastal zone plan (for the years 2023–2033). We also inquired about people's opinions about growth in marine industries, and background information. Participants mapped 115 markers for concerns over aquaculture and 63 locations for concerns over tourism. The participation rate was 9.4 %. A majority of spatial concerns were mapped in close proximity to aquaculture and tourism zones. Most participants preferred a decrease in salmon aquaculture and were neutral about other kinds of aquaculture. They were neutral or preferred to decrease tourist fishing and cruise tourism, whereas attitudes to other coastal tourism were more positive. Finally, we discuss the use of PPGIS to collect spatial information from a large range of participants to inform coastal planning about present and future concerns over development.

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引用次数: 0

Coastal urban climate adaptation and the advance onto aquatic surfaces using floating solutions: Historical challenges and potential future benefits of floating homes and similar structures

IF 4.8 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 OCEANOGRAPHY

Ocean & Coastal Management

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2024.107433

Stefan Huebner

Coastal urban adaptation to climate change and rising sea levels emerges from the increasing vulnerability to storm surges, flooding, and related concerns. Yet, research literature still largely does not address floating solutions like floating homes or larger floating structures. This article illustrates how these floating structures can serve as a strategy for coastal urban adaptation to climate change and rising sea levels by "advancing" (or shifting) parts of urbanization onto aquatic surfaces. It explains why their environmental impacts are generally much lower than those of widely used alternatives like land reclamation and why, historically, Western coastal management strategies have predominantly focused on terrestrialization rather than floating approaches. Historically, humans, particularly in parts of Asia prone to monsoon and typhoon flooding, have utilized floating, amphibious (sitting on the ground but floating during a flood), and stilted homes for millennia. Using a historical science methodology, the article argues that social acceptance of such adaptation practices in the West and other regions sharply declined during the nineteenth century with the advent of the Age of Coal's affordable energy supply, which in the twentieth century enabled more efficient water removal and control. However, following the twentieth century's terra-centric forms of coastal urbanization and socio-economic development, the climate change framework of the twenty-first century encourages researchers, intergovernmental organizations, governments (particularly in Asia), NGOs, and commercial companies to consider additional options, including the advance strategy and, situationally, shifting parts of urbanization onto aquatic surfaces.

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引用次数: 0

Coastal analysis of river deltas in northeastern Brazil: A case study of parnaiba, jequitinhonha and São Francisco river delta

IF 4.8 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 OCEANOGRAPHY

Ocean & Coastal Management

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2024.107534

Thiago Augusto Bezerra Ferreira , João Paulo da Silva Ferreira , Vanessa Costa Fontes , Karl Stattegger , Helenice Vital

Deltas, essential economic hubs, are increasingly vulnerable to coastal erosion driven by anthropogenic pressures within coastal zones. This study examines shoreline changes in three northeastern Brazilian deltas—São Francisco, Parnaíba, and Jequitinhonha—over the period 1984–2021, with a focus on natural processes and human activities, particularly dam construction. Utilizing multispectral imagery and hydro-climatic data, distinct shoreline alteration patterns were identified across the deltas. The Parnaíba Delta showed substantial sediment deposition at its mouth, with progradation rates exceeding 20 m/yr and sedimentary gains of 2.2 km², especially during flooding periods in the Parnaíba River (1991–2005). In contrast, the Jequitinhonha Delta experienced erosion at the mouth (rates below 10 m/yr). The limited correlation of active coastal area (R² = 0.49) suggests that eroded sediments are transported, via bidirectional currents, to the delta's margins. The São Francisco Delta, most anthropized delta, exhibited high erosion rates (above 20 m/yr) and greater loss of sedimentary area at its mouth (2.2 km²). In both the Jequitinhonha and São Francisco deltas, dam construction closes to the coast during the 90's (e.g., Itapebi and Xingó dam) contributed to increased shoreline erosion by reducing the annual/monthly variability of river flow and riverbank erosion potential. Conversely, the Parnaíba Delta, with the distant Boa Esperança dam, showed minimal human impact and remains relatively pristine. Over the last two decades, reduced rainfall—around 30% across these deltas—has likely diminished sediment transport capacity. Persistent drought and the planned expansion of mining activities may exacerbate erosion in the future. Over the last two decades, reduced rainfall— around 30% across these deltas—has likely diminished sediment transport capacity. Persistent drought and potential mining and dredging activities may exacerbate erosion in the future.

{"title":"Coastal analysis of river deltas in northeastern Brazil: A case study of parnaiba, jequitinhonha and São Francisco river delta","authors":"Thiago Augusto Bezerra Ferreira , João Paulo da Silva Ferreira , Vanessa Costa Fontes , Karl Stattegger , Helenice Vital","doi":"10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2024.107534","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2024.107534","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Deltas, essential economic hubs, are increasingly vulnerable to coastal erosion driven by anthropogenic pressures within coastal zones. This study examines shoreline changes in three northeastern Brazilian deltas—São Francisco, Parnaíba, and Jequitinhonha—over the period 1984–2021, with a focus on natural processes and human activities, particularly dam construction. Utilizing multispectral imagery and hydro-climatic data, distinct shoreline alteration patterns were identified across the deltas. The Parnaíba Delta showed substantial sediment deposition at its mouth, with progradation rates exceeding 20 m/yr and sedimentary gains of 2.2 km<sup>2</sup>, especially during flooding periods in the Parnaíba River (1991–2005). In contrast, the Jequitinhonha Delta experienced erosion at the mouth (rates below 10 m/yr). The limited correlation of active coastal area (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.49) suggests that eroded sediments are transported, via bidirectional currents, to the delta's margins. The São Francisco Delta, most anthropized delta, exhibited high erosion rates (above 20 m/yr) and greater loss of sedimentary area at its mouth (2.2 km<sup>2</sup>). In both the Jequitinhonha and São Francisco deltas, dam construction closes to the coast during the 90's (e.g., Itapebi and Xingó dam) contributed to increased shoreline erosion by reducing the annual/monthly variability of river flow and riverbank erosion potential. Conversely, the Parnaíba Delta, with the distant Boa Esperança dam, showed minimal human impact and remains relatively pristine. Over the last two decades, reduced rainfall—around 30% across these deltas—has likely diminished sediment transport capacity. Persistent drought and the planned expansion of mining activities may exacerbate erosion in the future. Over the last two decades, reduced rainfall— around 30% across these deltas—has likely diminished sediment transport capacity. Persistent drought and potential mining and dredging activities may exacerbate erosion in the future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54698,"journal":{"name":"Ocean & Coastal Management","volume":"261 ","pages":"Article 107534"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143165857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Interdecadal stability in ecological indicators suggests no ecosystem downgrading by a long-standing shark fishery

IF 4.8 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 OCEANOGRAPHY

Ocean & Coastal Management

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2024.107521

Matías Braccini , Agustín M. De Wysiecki , Stephen J. Newman

Fishing without management constraints considerably alters stocks, habitats, and ecosystems. Assessing fishing impacts at multiple levels is required to inform ecosystem-based management. We applied a range of ecological indicators to assess potential ecosystem effects resulting from the activities of a long-standing shark fishery in Western Australia. Following considerable fishing reductions triggered by the implementation of a range of management measures, the fishery's spatial distribution, catch composition, and taxonomic and functional diversity indicators have fluctuated, even though remaining relatively stable through time, suggesting no systematic impacts on ecosystem structure.

引用次数: 0

Engaging customary law to improve the effectiveness of marine protected areas in Indonesia

IF 4.8 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 OCEANOGRAPHY

Ocean & Coastal Management

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2025.107543

Tyas Ismi Trialfhianty , Claire Helen Quinn , Maria Beger

Customary law has been acknowledged worldwide for its ability to increase the effectiveness of conservation projects such as Marine Protected Areas (MPAs). In Indonesia, the acknowledgement of customary law is clearly written in a decree formulated by the national government. However, our understanding of how customary law supports, interacts with, and complements conservation remains limited. Here, we explore the role of customary law in helping MPAs achieve their goals in Indonesia. We characterise how customary and formal regulatory conservation management intertwine when local communities manage their natural resources. We studied two MPAs located in the west (Sabang Island) and east (Nusa Penida Island) of Indonesia. There, we gathered both quantitative and qualitative data from a total of 360 respondents using questionnaires, in-depth interviews, and focus group discussions to investigate community knowledge of and perspectives on customary or adat law, the history of adat law and how it is currently applied, and the practise of both adat and formal regulatory conservation management. Our analysis assessed quantitative data using statistical analysis in R, and qualitative data with thematic analysis in NVivo. Most of our respondents were positive about the application of adat law to manage and protect the environment, thus customary law was found to be effective in supporting the goals of MPAs. However, our findings suggest that the full integration of customary law and formal regulatory conservation management can be difficult to achieve, as they rely on different principles for deciding policy and implementing sanctions. If integration is to be achieved, we suggest both systems need to be: (1) flexible; (2) widely communicated; and (3) clearly written.

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引用次数: 0

Response of the Bohai Rim carbon storage to rapid urban expansion

IF 4.8 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 OCEANOGRAPHY

Ocean & Coastal Management

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2025.107544

Lei Zhang , Guangxue Li , Guoyi Wen , Lulu Qiao , Siyu Liu , Mengqi Li , Haonan Li , Yufeng Pan , Lvyang Xing

Rapid urbanization in coastal areas has caused substantial changes in Land Use and Land Cover (LULC), leading to significant impacts on carbon storage in terrestrial and marine ecosystems. A comprehensive understanding of these impacts is crucial for the protection of regional ecosystems and the promotion of sustainable development. This study adopts an integrated land-sea perspective to investigate land use evolution in the Bohai Rim. It combines natural environmental and socio-economic factors in an innovative manner to assess the impact of urbanization on carbon storage. Utilizing long-term remote sensing data, we observed continuous seaward expansion in the Bohai Rim region from 1990 to 2020. The reclamation area per unit coastline reached 102.87 hm²/km, encroaching upon tidal flats and salt marshes (1619.55 km²). Carbon stocks decreased from 512.39 Tg C in 1990 to 484.99 Tg C in 2020, with more than half of the carbon storage in intertidal wetlands lost. Under the low-carbon scenario, seaward poldering is better controlled, and carbon stocks in ecological land use show an increase compared with 2020. As a typical land-sea interaction zone, changes in carbon storage in the Bohai Rim are influenced not only by natural factors but also by the combined effects of human activities, economic development, and policy interventions. Therefore, it is essential to strengthen the integration of ecological conservation, green development, and policy interventions to achieve sustainable management of regional carbon storage.

{"title":"Response of the Bohai Rim carbon storage to rapid urban expansion","authors":"Lei Zhang , Guangxue Li , Guoyi Wen , Lulu Qiao , Siyu Liu , Mengqi Li , Haonan Li , Yufeng Pan , Lvyang Xing","doi":"10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2025.107544","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2025.107544","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rapid urbanization in coastal areas has caused substantial changes in Land Use and Land Cover (LULC), leading to significant impacts on carbon storage in terrestrial and marine ecosystems. A comprehensive understanding of these impacts is crucial for the protection of regional ecosystems and the promotion of sustainable development. This study adopts an integrated land-sea perspective to investigate land use evolution in the Bohai Rim. It combines natural environmental and socio-economic factors in an innovative manner to assess the impact of urbanization on carbon storage. Utilizing long-term remote sensing data, we observed continuous seaward expansion in the Bohai Rim region from 1990 to 2020. The reclamation area per unit coastline reached 102.87 hm<sup>2</sup>/km, encroaching upon tidal flats and salt marshes (1619.55 km<sup>2</sup>). Carbon stocks decreased from 512.39 Tg C in 1990 to 484.99 Tg C in 2020, with more than half of the carbon storage in intertidal wetlands lost. Under the low-carbon scenario, seaward poldering is better controlled, and carbon stocks in ecological land use show an increase compared with 2020. As a typical land-sea interaction zone, changes in carbon storage in the Bohai Rim are influenced not only by natural factors but also by the combined effects of human activities, economic development, and policy interventions. Therefore, it is essential to strengthen the integration of ecological conservation, green development, and policy interventions to achieve sustainable management of regional carbon storage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54698,"journal":{"name":"Ocean & Coastal Management","volume":"261 ","pages":"Article 107544"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143165862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Participatory seascape mapping: A community-based approach to ocean governance and marine conservation

IF 4.8 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 OCEANOGRAPHY

Ocean & Coastal Management

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2024.107531

Isabel James

Despite the global proliferation of ocean governance frameworks that feature socioeconomic variables, the inclusion of community needs and local ecological knowledge remains underrepresented. Participatory mapping or Participatory GIS (PGIS) has emerged as a vital method to address this gap by engaging communities that are conventionally excluded from ocean planning and marine conservation. Originally developed for forest management and Indigenous land reclamation, the scholarship on PGIS remains predominantly focused on terrestrial landscapes. This review explores recent research that employs the method in the marine realm, detailing common methodologies, data types and applications in governance and conservation. A typology of ocean-centered PGIS studies was identified, comprising three main categories: fisheries, habitat classification and blue economy activities. Marine Protected Area (MPA) design and conflict management are the most prevalent conservation applications of PGIS. Case studies also demonstrate the method's effectiveness in identifying critical marine habitats such as fish spawning grounds and monitoring endangered megafauna. Participatory mapping shows particular promise in resource and data limited contexts due to its ability to generate large quantities of relatively reliable, quick and low-cost data. Validation steps, including satellite imagery and ground-truthing, suggest encouraging accuracy of PGIS data, despite potential limitations related to human error and spatial resolution. This review concludes that participatory mapping not only enriches scientific research but also fosters trust and cooperation among stakeholders, ultimately contributing to more resilient and equitable ocean governance.

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引用次数: 0

Port congestion and resilience in Shanghai during the Citywide lockdown

IF 4.8 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 OCEANOGRAPHY

Ocean & Coastal Management

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2024.107501

Liehui Wang , Chen Su

The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in Shanghai during the first half of 2022 led to the implementation of strict lockdown measures by the municipal government, resulting in nearly complete disruption of water and land transportation and severely impacting the operations of various ports. Nonetheless, existing research has overlooked the micro-level examination of how individual ports, under regional lockdown conditions, collaboratively respond to external shocks and enhance their resilience through cooperation. This study analyzed the congestion, operational conditions, changes in external connectivity, and resilience characteristics of Shanghai’s ports between January and June 2022 using ship data from ports. We observed congestion occurring in both the Yangshan Port Area and the Waigaoqiao Port Area of Shanghai Port, demonstrating a notable level of resilience. Furthermore, we elucidated how, in the context of lockdown measures, a distinctive maritime transportation network pattern has been established through external support and collaborative division of labor among ports in the Yangtze River Delta region and along the Yangtze River coast. Additionally, we offered practical experience and referenced solutions for stakeholders within the port industry.

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引用次数: 0

Detection of wetland degradation and restoration in urbanizing Zhuhai City based on google earth engine

IF 4.8 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 OCEANOGRAPHY

Ocean & Coastal Management

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2024.107518

Bin Ai , Zhenlin Lai , Jiali Zeng , Zhuokai Jian , Jun Zhao , Shaojie Sun

Wetlands play a crucial role in maintaining ecological balance and promoting sustainable social development. Accurately detecting the spatio-temporal changes of wetlands is essential for coastal ecological conservation and management. Taking Zhuhai City as a case study, we employed a methodology combining random forest classification and recursive feature elimination to classify long-term scale wetlands based on the Google Earth Engine cloud platform. Landscape pattern indices were introduced to detect the spatial and temporal evolution of wetlands over the past 35 years. The degradation and restoration of wetlands between 2013 and 2022 were evaluated by examining landscape changes. The results indicate that incorporating seasonal variation features can effectively distinguish between mangroves and paddy fields. Feature selection has significantly improved the classification accuracy. From 1988 to 2022, the area of wetlands in Zhuhai City decreased by 11.88%, with natural wetlands continuously declining. Human activities have escalated fragmentation, decreased homogeneity, and reduced interconnectivity of wetland landscapes. Between 2013 and 2022, the total area of degraded wetlands exceeded that of recovered wetlands. Although the extent of functional wetlands with high degradation rates has decreased since 2018, the area of recovered wetlands has also declined. Urbanization and variation of natural environmental factors are conducive to the wetland degradation. This study proposes a generic approach for monitoring wetland dynamics, providing data support and a scientific basis for wetland conservation and risk management in coastal regions. In the future, it is advisable to implement multi-departmental coordination mechanism in the management of wetland resource, strictly restrain the activities of reclamation and aquaculture, establish protection red lines, maintain existing protection areas, and enhance public awareness on wetland conservation. These measures aim to balance economic growth with wetland conservation, ensuring the long-term health of Zhuhai's vital wetland ecosystems.

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引用次数: 0