Ocean & Coastal Management最新文献_第4页

An overview of social-ecological impacts of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation and climate change on Galapagos small-scale fisheries 厄尔尼诺-南方涛动和气候变化对加拉帕戈斯小型渔业的社会生态影响概述

IF 4.8 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 OCEANOGRAPHY

Ocean & Coastal Management

Pub Date : 2024-10-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2024.107436

Small-scale fisheries in the Galapagos Marine Reserve face significant challenges due to climatic anomalies and human-induced changes such as weak governance and overfishing. This overview explores the social-ecological impacts of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and climate change on Galapagos small-scale fisheries, including the progress and challenges of ENSO and climate change research in this multiple-use marine protected area. The extreme El Niño events of 1982/83, 1997/98, and 2015/16 caused significant ecological shifts and fluctuations in fisheries productivity. While some species have shown increases in biomass, likely linked to sea surface temperature changes and altered ecosystem dynamics, the impacts on others remain uncertain or underexplored. Sailfin grouper (Mycteroperca olfax) and spiny lobster (Panulirus penicillatus and P. gracilis) fisheries have exhibited mixed responses to the El Niño, illustrating the complex nature of ENSO's ecological effects, which are further exacerbated by overfishing. The socio-economic impacts on fishing communities include reduced landings, longer search times, higher fishing costs, and increased livelihood insecurity. Future projections suggest an increasing vulnerability to ENSO and climate change, emphasizing the need for an ecosystem approach to fisheries. Key strategies include enhancing adaptive capacity, promoting sustainable practices, and adopting a social-ecological and transdisciplinary research approach. However, progress in ENSO and climate change research is hampered by weak governance, characterized by institutional barriers that hinder the formulation and enforcement of solid fisheries governance policies. To strengthen the resilience of Galapagos small-scale fisheries, interinstitutional and intersectoral collaboration is essential, supported by international cooperation and strategic investments to bolster local research capabilities.

加拉帕戈斯海洋保护区的小型渔业面临着气候异常以及治理不力和过度捕捞等人为因素造成的巨大挑战。本综述探讨了厄尔尼诺-南方涛动（ENSO）和气候变化对加拉帕戈斯小型渔业的社会生态影响，包括厄尔尼诺-南方涛动和气候变化研究在这个多用途海洋保护区的进展和挑战。1982/83年、1997/98年和2015/16年的极端厄尔尼诺现象造成了显著的生态变化和渔业生产力波动。虽然一些物种的生物量有所增加，这可能与海面温度变化和生态系统动态变化有关，但对其他物种的影响仍不确定或未得到充分探索。帆鳍石斑鱼（Mycteroperca olfax）和刺龙虾（Panulirus penicillatus 和 P. gracilis）渔业对厄尔尼诺现象的反应不一，说明厄尔尼诺/南方涛动对生态的影响十分复杂，过度捕捞进一步加剧了这种影响。对捕鱼社区的社会经济影响包括上岸量减少、搜寻时间延长、捕鱼成本增加以及生计更无保障。对未来的预测表明，厄尔尼诺/南方涛动和气候变化的影响越来越大，这强调了采用生态系统方法来处理渔业问题的必要性。主要战略包括提高适应能力、推广可持续做法以及采用社会生态和跨学科研究方法。然而，治理薄弱阻碍了厄尔尼诺/南方涛动和气候变化研究的进展，其特点是体制障碍阻碍了坚实的渔业治理政策的制定和执行。为了加强加拉帕戈斯小型渔业的恢复能力，必须在国际合作和战略投资的支持下开展机构间和部门间合作，以增强当地的研究能力。

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引用次数: 0

The need to consider recreational vessels in risk assessments of vessel strikes to humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) 在评估船只撞击座头鲸（Megaptera novaeangliae）的风险时考虑娱乐船只的必要性

IF 4.8 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 OCEANOGRAPHY

Ocean & Coastal Management

Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2024.107419

Automatic Identification Systems (AIS) data have been beneficial in understanding spatio-temporal patterns in marine traffic to inform assessments of vessel-strike risk to large whales. However, AIS does not represent all vessel classes, particularly recreational vessels that are not legally required to use AIS. Growing evidence suggests that recreational vessels do collide with large whales, and so risk assessments relying on AIS data can underestimate the threat and misguide conservation efforts. To address this, we conducted surveys of recreational vessel and humpback whale sightings to build density surface models and estimate relative vessel-strike risk by spatial co-occurrence in an urbanized embayment, Moreton Bay, Australia. We demonstrate that 93% of recreational vessels sighted in Moreton Bay did not use AIS and that vessel strike risk varies spatially according to vessel class (recreational vs. commercial). These results highlight the importance of including recreational vessels into vessel strike risk assessments to provide a more holistic view of vessel strike.

自动识别系统（AIS）数据有助于了解海洋交通的时空模式，为评估船只撞击大型鲸鱼的风险提供信息。然而，自动识别系统并不能代表所有船只类别，特别是那些没有法律要求使用自动识别系统的休闲船只。越来越多的证据表明，休闲船只确实会与大型鲸鱼相撞，因此依靠 AIS 数据进行的风险评估可能会低估这种威胁，并误导保护工作。为了解决这个问题，我们对休闲船只和座头鲸的目击情况进行了调查，以建立密度面模型，并根据澳大利亚莫尔顿湾一个城市化海湾的空间共现情况来估计船只撞击鲸鱼的相对风险。我们证明，在莫尔顿湾发现的休闲船只中有 93% 没有使用 AIS，船只撞击风险因船只类别（休闲船只与商业船只）的不同而存在空间差异。这些结果凸显了将休闲船只纳入船只撞击风险评估的重要性，以便提供更全面的船只撞击情况。

引用次数: 0

Multiple negative impacts of marine plastic pollution on tropical coastal ecosystem services, and human health and well-being 海洋塑料污染对热带沿海生态系统服务以及人类健康和福祉的多重负面影响

IF 4.8 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 OCEANOGRAPHY

Ocean & Coastal Management

Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2024.107423

There is limited empirical evidence showing the impacts of marine plastic pollution on ecosystem services or on human health and well-being in Global South countries. We aimed to estimate these impacts in the tropical archipelago of Indonesia, one of the top emitters of marine plastics globally, through an iterative Delphi survey, with an expert panel (n = 42) consisting of equal numbers of Indonesian scientists, policymakers, and practitioners. After two rounds of the survey, the analysis of interquartile ranges indicated that the experts reached a consensus in their predictions. The experts agreed that, over the next 10 years, plastics would be mainly accumulated in the coastal area of Java, the most densely populated island, and mostly in mangrove ecosystems. While all ecosystem services were harmed by plastic pollution, the most vulnerable services were food provisioning, genetic materials, nursery habitat, and recreation supplied by the highly vulnerable coastal ecosystems of, in descending order, mangrove, coral reef, seagrass, and sandy beach. These impacts on ecosystem services influenced different dimensions of human health and well-being and were dependent on the ecosystem types, as indicated in several statistically significant positive correlations (Spearman's rank), including those between the decline of mangrove ecosystem services and reduced household income, and between the decrease of coral reef ecosystem services and both deteriorating mental health and reduced household income. Overall, this study provides the first indication of Indonesian coastal ecosystems and ecosystem services to be prioritized for mitigation and monitoring efforts. The focus on impacts on human health and well-being also incentivizes ongoing efforts by policymakers, industry and commerce, the third sector, and the public in the country to address the contribution to global marine plastic pollution.

在全球南部国家，显示海洋塑料污染对生态系统服务或人类健康和福祉影响的经验证据非常有限。印度尼西亚是全球最大的海洋塑料排放国之一，我们的目标是通过德尔菲迭代调查来估算这些影响，专家小组（n = 42）由人数相当的印度尼西亚科学家、决策者和从业人员组成。经过两轮调查，四分位数区间分析表明，专家们在预测方面达成了共识。专家们一致认为，在未来 10 年内，塑料将主要积聚在人口最稠密的爪哇岛沿海地区，而且主要积聚在红树林生态系统中。虽然所有生态系统服务都会受到塑料污染的损害，但最脆弱的服务是食物供应、遗传物质、育苗栖息地和娱乐，由高度脆弱的沿海生态系统提供，依次为红树林、珊瑚礁、海草和沙滩。这些对生态系统服务的影响影响着人类健康和福祉的不同方面，并取决于生态系统的类型，这体现在几个具有统计意义的正相关关系（斯皮尔曼等级）中，包括红树林生态系统服务减少与家庭收入减少之间的相关关系，以及珊瑚礁生态系统服务减少与心理健康恶化和家庭收入减少之间的相关关系。总之，本研究首次指出了印度尼西亚沿海生态系统和生态系统服务在减缓和监测工作中的优先次序。对人类健康和福祉影响的关注也激励着印尼的政策制定者、工商业、第三部门和公众不断努力，解决全球海洋塑料污染问题。

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引用次数: 0

Fair allocation of small-scale finfish mariculture zones in multi-use MPAs using multi criteria evaluation with stakeholder preferences 利用利益相关者偏好的多标准评估，公平分配多用途海洋保护区中的小型有鳍鱼类海产养殖区

IF 4.8 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 OCEANOGRAPHY

Ocean & Coastal Management

Pub Date : 2024-10-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2024.107424

Mariculture zones in MPAs are primarily determined based on cost-effective/environmental criteria and rarely incorporate local community preferences. This study proposed a GIS-based site selection model to solve the conflicting issues in designing mariculture zones to support small-scale finfish farmers in MPAs. The work was undertaken in the Anambas Archipelago MPA to represent a commonly populated small-island MPA in Indonesia and other developing countries. A three-stage site selection model (constraint, site suitability, and stakeholder preference) with various criteria was employed using a modified parameter-specific suitability function (PSSF) with a non-weighted geometric mean. The stakeholder preference was used to counterbalance the dominance of environmental sub-models. The first stage analysis using the constraint sub-model determined that only 10.16% (1199.70 km²) of the total extent of the study area (11,811.77 km²) was categorized as feasible for finfish mariculture. The subsequent site suitability sub-model determined that only 32.3% (387 km²) and 30.1% (361.6 km²) of the feasible areas were classed best for finfish mariculture in dry and wet seasons, respectively. Areas classified as good covered 41.25% (494.9 km²) and 40.1% (481.65 km²) of the total feasible areas in the dry and wet seasons, respectively. The stakeholder preference sub-model had classified 33.21 km² (2.77%) of the feasible area as the best sites that could be allocated as mariculture zones for the local community. The site selection model successfully incorporates multiple site selection parameters, addresses poor data availability and improves fair allocation of mariculture zone in the MPA via two specific approaches. The nature of the geometric mean prevents the allocation of suitable areas in the MPA-specific zones, such as core zones. Second, the stakeholder preference improves the fairness of the mariculture zone allocation due to the incorporation of local fish farmers' preferences. The proposed site selection model could be used to designate mariculture zones in a data-poor MPA environment and facilitate local communities in developing sustainable small-scale finfish mariculture in MPAs.

海洋保护区内的海产养殖区主要根据成本效益/环境标准确定，很少考虑当地社区的偏好。本研究提出了一个基于地理信息系统的选址模型，以解决在设计海产养殖区以支持海洋保护区内小规模鳍鱼养殖户过程中的冲突问题。这项工作在阿南巴斯群岛海洋保护区进行，以代表印度尼西亚和其他发展中国家常见的小岛屿海洋保护区。采用了一个具有各种标准的三阶段选址模型（约束条件、选址适宜性和利益相关者偏好），并使用了一个具有非加权几何平均数的改良特定参数适宜性函数（PSSF）。利益相关者偏好用于平衡环境子模型的主导地位。使用限制子模型进行的第一阶段分析表明，在研究区域总面积（11,811.77 平方公里）中，只有 10.16% （1199.70 平方公里）被归类为可行的海产养殖区。随后的地点适宜性子模式确定，在旱季和雨季，分别只有 32.3%（387 平方公里）和 30.1%（361.6 平方公里）的可行区域被归类为最适宜有鳍海鱼养殖。在旱季和雨季，良好区域分别占可行区域总面积的 41.25%（494.9 平方公里）和 40.1%（481.65 平方公里）。利益相关者偏好子模型将 33.21 平方公里（2.77%）的可行区域划分为可分配给当地社区作为海产养殖区的最佳地点。选址模型成功纳入了多个选址参数，解决了数据可用性差的问题，并通过两种具体方法改善了海洋保护区海产养殖区的公平分配。几何平均数的性质阻碍了 MPA 特定区域（如核心区）内合适区域的分配。其次，利益相关者偏好由于纳入了当地养鱼户的偏好，提高了海产养殖区分配的公平性。建议的选址模型可用于在缺乏数据的海洋保护区环境中指定海产养殖区，并促进当地社区在海洋保护区内发展可持续的小规模有鳍鱼类海产养殖。

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引用次数: 0

The inequality of economic development increases the direct economic loss of storm surge disaster in China 经济发展的不平等增加了中国风暴潮灾害的直接经济损失

IF 4.8 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 OCEANOGRAPHY

Ocean & Coastal Management

Pub Date : 2024-10-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2024.107427

The coastal zone is the most intensive area of global economic activity and has been threatened by marine hazards. As climate change increases the vulnerability of coastal communities worldwide, coastal hazard management has become one of the most urgent tasks for ocean governance. While economic development may enhance social resilience, economic inequality, a side effect of economic growth, can play a significant role in social vulnerability to natural hazards. Coastal managers and policymakers urgently need relevant analyses to understand the relationship between economic inequality and marine hazards. Here, we analyzed the links between economic inequality and direct economic losses from storm surge disasters in 11 coastal regions of China between 2000 and 2020. Our results show that provincial income inequality significantly increases direct economic losses from storm surge disasters. For every 1% increase in the provincial disposable income Gini index, annual losses increase by 4.8%–7.8%. Moreover, with a 1% increase in the provincial income gap, relative annual losses (compared with provincial GDP) increase by 0.051%–0.056%. Heterogeneity analysis reveals that losses in northern and eastern marine economic circles are most affected by income inequality. We also find that with increasing economic development level, the aggravating effect of income inequality on losses becomes more significant. Our work indicated that achieving income equity may be a crucial factor for coastal hazard mitigation, which provides new insights into global coastal hazard management.

沿海地区是全球经济活动最密集的地区，一直受到海洋灾害的威胁。随着气候变化加剧全球沿海社区的脆弱性，沿海灾害管理已成为海洋治理最紧迫的任务之一。虽然经济发展可以增强社会复原力，但经济增长带来的副作用--经济不平等，也会在社会对自然灾害的脆弱性方面发挥重要作用。沿海地区的管理者和决策者迫切需要相关分析来了解经济不平等与海洋灾害之间的关系。在此，我们分析了 2000-2020 年间中国 11 个沿海地区经济不平等与风暴潮灾害直接经济损失之间的联系。结果表明，省级收入不平等会显著增加风暴潮灾害造成的直接经济损失。省级可支配收入基尼指数每增加 1%，年损失增加 4.8%-7.8%。此外，省内收入差距每增加 1%，相对年损失（与省内 GDP 相比）增加 0.051%-0.056%。异质性分析表明，北部和东部海洋经济圈的损失受收入不平等的影响最大。我们还发现，随着经济发展水平的提高，收入不平等对损失的加剧效应变得更加显著。我们的研究表明，实现收入公平可能是减轻沿海灾害的一个关键因素，这为全球沿海灾害管理提供了新的视角。

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引用次数: 0

Long-term spatiotemporal analysis of coastline morphological evolutions and their underlying mechanisms in the Pearl River Delta region of China 中国珠江三角洲地区海岸线形态演变及其内在机理的长期时空分析

IF 4.8 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 OCEANOGRAPHY

Ocean & Coastal Management

Pub Date : 2024-10-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2024.107426

The coastline, the important geographical components bordering the land and ocean, reflects abundant information on morphological evolutions. However, it undergoes continuous changing due to the compound effects of both natural and anthropogenic factors with varying intensities. Changes in the coastline are important indicators of coastal erosion, environmental changes in the coastal zone, and the rise and fall of ecosystems. The Pearl River Delta (PRD) region is rich in coastline resources, and the coastal evolution is extremely active with natural and human activities. In order to uncover the underlying mechanisms of the coastline evolutions in the PRD region, we quantitatively and qualitatively characterized the long-term alterations in coastline length, coastal development/decline, morphological structure, and the exploitation extent based on 9 satellite images of Landsat spanning from 1973 to 2021. Furthermore, we explored the driving factors of coastline change, with a view to providing some theoretical basis for the development, utilisation, protection and management of coastal resources and the sustainable development of the ecological environment in the PRD region. The findings reveal an outward expansion of coastline, resulting in a 587.49 km² increase of new land over the past 48 years. In addition, the total coastline length in this region has grown from 1477.93 to 1604.72 km, with artificial coastline contributing 61.55%, while the number of fractal dimensions suggest the further growth of coastline. Furthermore, the cause analysis identifies the morphological evolution in PRD as a multi-factor dynamic process following a “ternary-multivariate-single” pattern. Moreover, the population, GDP, precipitation, and sand transport are defined as the primary drivers, with socio-economic impacts overweighing natural conditions, and the interaction of any two drivers is greater than the effect of a single factor.

海岸线是陆地和海洋交界的重要地理组成部分，反映了丰富的形态演变信息。然而，由于自然因素和人为因素的复合影响，海岸线也在不断地发生变化，而且强度不一。海岸线的变化是海岸侵蚀、海岸带环境变化和生态系统兴衰的重要标志。珠江三角洲（PRD）地区海岸线资源丰富，海岸演化在自然和人类活动中异常活跃。为了揭示珠江三角洲地区海岸线演变的内在机制，我们基于 1973 年至 2021 年的 9 幅 Landsat 卫星图像，定量和定性地描述了海岸线长度、海岸发展/衰退、形态结构和开发程度的长期变化。此外，我们还探讨了海岸线变化的驱动因素，以期为珠三角地区海岸资源的开发、利用、保护和管理以及生态环境的可持续发展提供一些理论依据。研究结果表明，过去 48 年来，珠三角地区海岸线向外扩张，新增陆地面积达 587.49 平方公里。此外，该地区的海岸线总长度从 1477.93 千米增加到 1604.72 千米，其中人工海岸线占 61.55%，而分形维数则表明海岸线将进一步增长。此外，成因分析认为珠三角的形态演变是一个多因素的动态过程，呈现 "三元-多元-单一 "的模式。此外，人口、GDP、降水量和输沙量被定义为主要驱动因素，社会经济影响大于自然条件影响，任何两个驱动因素的相互作用都大于单一因素的影响。

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引用次数: 0

Incorporating sense of place into the management of marine protected areas: A case study from new South Wales, Australia 将地方感纳入海洋保护区管理：澳大利亚新南威尔士州的案例研究

IF 4.8 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 OCEANOGRAPHY

Ocean & Coastal Management

Pub Date : 2024-10-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2024.107417

Marine social-ecological systems are experiencing rapid changes across the globe due to a range of threats such as climate change and exploitation (e.g. overfishing). Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) are one tool to support the sustainable management of marine systems and resources, however, they are often implemented with mixed success, with one of the key critiques being a lack of consideration of social dimensions. To address this, there have been increased calls for greater consideration of a broad range of social factors, alongside environmental factors in the planning and management of MPAs. One phenomenon that stands to greatly inform and influence the success of MPA management is Sense of Place (SoP), that is, an individual or groups' emotional bond with a given place. While the importance and relevance of SoP is beginning to be acknowledged in the environmental academic literature, there are no documented examples of the phenomenon being incorporated into marine policy or management in a meaningful way. This study seeks to explore why this is the case and how it may be addressed. We achieve this through a case study approach, conducting in depth interviews with decision-makers involved in the management of the New South Wales Marine Estate (i.e. MPA managers), exploring i) their understanding of SoP, ii) their experience in incorporating it into policy, iii) the barriers and iv) enablers in doing so. Results show that despite a limited understanding of SoP, most participants do consider it to be important for marine policy and management and many have attempted to include it in their management efforts, although these attempts are largely centred around general consideration of social values and including diverse voices in policy discussion, as opposed to direct inclusion of SoP per se. A broad range of barriers to incorporating SoP into MPA management were also identified with political barriers, the ambiguity of the concept and challenges in having social values ‘win out’ against economic realities being the most common. Enablers were less commonly identified by study participants, and included the use of SoP as a tool or boundary object to develop shared understandings between stakeholders. We conclude by emphasizing the need for further research on how to improve the incorporation of SoP into MPA management, and outline how this may be achieved through the study of bright spots.

由于气候变化和开发（如过度捕捞）等一系列威胁，全球海洋社会生态系统正在经历快速变化。海洋保护区（MPAs）是支持海洋系统和资源可持续管理的一种工具，但其实施效果往往好坏参半，其中一个主要批评是缺乏对社会层面的考虑。为了解决这个问题，越来越多的人呼吁在规划和管理海洋保护区时，在考虑环境因素的同时，更多地考虑广泛的社会因素。地方感 (SoP)，即个人或群体与特定地方的情感纽带，是对海洋保护区管理的成功与否有重大影响的一种现象。虽然 SoP 的重要性和相关性已开始在环境学术文献中得到认可，但目前还没有记录表明这种现象已被有意义地纳入海洋政策或管理中。本研究试图探讨为什么会出现这种情况，以及如何解决这一问题。为此，我们采用了案例研究方法，对参与新南威尔士海洋产业管理的决策者（即海洋保护区管理者）进行了深入访谈，探讨了 i) 他们对 SoP 的理解；ii) 他们将 SoP 纳入政策的经验；iii) 将 SoP 纳入政策的障碍和 iv) 促进因素。结果表明，尽管大多数参与者对 SoP 的理解有限，但他们确实认为 SoP 对海洋政策和管理很重要，而且许多人已尝试将 SoP 纳入他们的管理工作中，尽管这些尝试主要围绕对社会价值的一般考虑以及在政策讨论中纳入不同的声音，而不是直接纳入 SoP 本身。将社会政策纳入海洋保护区管理的障碍范围很广，其中最常见的是政治障碍、概念模糊以及社会价值 "战胜 "经济现实的挑战。研究参与者发现的促进因素较少，其中包括将 SoP 作为一种工具或边界对象，在利益相关者之间形成共识。最后，我们强调需要进一步研究如何更好地将 SoP 纳入海洋保护区管理，并概述了如何通过研究亮点来实现这一目标。

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引用次数: 0

Exploring the impact of multiple stressors on cultural and ecological values: A case study from Te Rerenga Parāoa (Whangārei Harbour), Aotearoa New Zealand 探索多重压力因素对文化和生态价值的影响：新西兰奥特亚罗瓦 Te Rerenga Parāoa（Whangārei 港）案例研究

IF 4.8 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 OCEANOGRAPHY

Ocean & Coastal Management

Pub Date : 2024-10-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2024.107422

Estuarine systems often have degraded ecology and functioning due to the multiple interacting stressors that they face. While conventional management might address such a situation with narrow focus, ecosystem based management provides a more holistic and adaptive option allowing for multiple objectives and values. Such an approach has some commonality with that of the Indigenous Māori of New Zealand, who have holistic, interconnected and intergenerational aspirations. In this study we utilised Te-Rerenga-Parāoa, Whangārei Harbour, Aotearoa New Zealand as a case study to explore how ecological and Māori knowledge systems and approaches may align to address complex multi-stressor and multi-value scenarios common to estuarine systems. To achieve this we co-developed a Bayesian network heuristic modelling tool which provided a probabilistic framework to consider the relationship between stressors and the outcome states for ecological function and cultural values. The process of model development itself was a rewarding exercise of joint learning. For example, this process illustrated that while western ecological values can focus on endpoints such as abundance, cultural values were more diverse, experiential in nature, with value often centred on a cultural practise being enabled, not just the ecological component the value was connected to. Once the model was developed we considered three specific scenarios relating to harbour dredging, environmental degradation from land use changes, and fishery extraction. Model predictions for these scenarios generally matched expectations, but were generic in nature and could therefore benefit from more specificity relating to aspects such as spatial scale and context around cultural interpretation. Overall, the model demonstrated generic utility as an interactive educational tool for resource managers considering the broader impacts (on ecology and cultural values) of major societal challenges.

河口系统由于面临多种相互影响的压力因素，其生态和功能往往会退化。传统的管理方法可能会以狭隘的关注点来应对这种情况，而基于生态系统的管理方法则提供了一种更加全面和适应性更强的选择，允许实现多种目标和价值。这种方法与新西兰土著毛利人的方法有一定的共性，毛利人的愿望是整体的、相互关联的和世代相传的。在这项研究中，我们以新西兰奥特亚罗瓦省旺加雷港的 Te-Rerenga-Parāoa 为案例，探索生态和毛利知识体系与方法如何结合，以应对河口系统常见的复杂的多压力和多价值情况。为此，我们共同开发了贝叶斯网络启发式建模工具，该工具提供了一个概率框架，用于考虑压力因素与生态功能和文化价值结果状态之间的关系。模型开发过程本身就是一次有益的共同学习。例如，这一过程表明，西方的生态价值可能侧重于丰度等终点，而文化价值则更加多样化，具有体验性，其价值往往集中在文化实践的实现上，而不仅仅是价值所涉及的生态部分。模型开发完成后，我们考虑了与港口疏浚、土地使用变化造成的环境退化和渔业开采有关的三种具体情景。模型对这些情景的预测总体上符合预期，但在本质上是通用的，因此可以从与空间尺度和文化阐释相关的背景等方面更具体的预测中获益。总体而言，该模型作为一种互动式教育工具，对资源管理者考虑重大社会挑战的更广泛影响（对生态和文化价值的影响）具有通用性。

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引用次数: 0

Evaluating sea ice influence on water exchange dynamics through three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulation in a semi-closed shallow sea 通过半封闭浅海的三维水动力模拟评估海冰对水交换动力学的影响

IF 4.8 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 OCEANOGRAPHY

Ocean & Coastal Management

Pub Date : 2024-10-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2024.107428

To understand the capacity of water exchange of semi-closed nearshore shallow waters during winter, this study investigates the effect of sea ice on water exchange dynamics under extreme cold wave conditions by developing a coupled three-dimensional simulation tool and taking the Bohai Sea as a case study. This coupling model integrates the hydrodynamic model, wave model, sea ice model, and Lagrangian particle tracking model. The results demonstrate that sea ice inhibits water exchange in the northern Liaodong Bay due to a clockwise residual circulation. Conversely, sea ice enhances water exchange in the southwestern areas, specifically Bohai Bay and Laizhou Bay. This conclusion is supported by further calculations and analyses of half-life time and volumetric flow rate. Considering the impact of adjacent bays, the percentage of residual particles in the southern area after simulating a severe ice period is 33.5% higher compared to scenarios without this consideration. Finally, the uncertainty of the model was evaluated by altering the quantity of tracer particles, and the validity of the model results was confirmed through comparisons with measured chlorophyll-a and dissolved inorganic nitrogen concentrations. These findings are significant for management departments to develop effective strategies for pollutant prevention and control.

为了解冬季半封闭近岸浅海水体的水交换能力，本研究以渤海为例，通过开发三维耦合模拟工具，研究了极端寒潮条件下海冰对水交换动力学的影响。该耦合模型集成了水动力模型、波浪模型、海冰模型和拉格朗日粒子跟踪模型。结果表明，由于顺时针方向的残余环流，海冰抑制了辽东湾北部的水交换。相反，海冰增强了西南部地区，特别是渤海湾和莱州湾的水交换。对半衰期时间和容积流量的进一步计算和分析支持了这一结论。考虑到邻近海湾的影响，模拟严重冰期后，南部地区残留颗粒物的比例比未考虑这一因素的方案高出 33.5%。最后，通过改变示踪粒子的数量评估了模型的不确定性，并通过与测量的叶绿素-a 和溶解无机氮浓度进行比较，确认了模型结果的有效性。这些发现对管理部门制定有效的污染物防控策略具有重要意义。

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引用次数: 0

Perceptions of lifeguards and beachgoers facing emerging cyanobacterial blooms washing ashore 救生员和海滩游客面对冲上岸的蓝藻水华的看法

IF 4.8 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 OCEANOGRAPHY

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Pub Date : 2024-10-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2024.107387

引用次数: 0