Landscape and Urban Planning最新文献_第5页

Mitigating natural hazards through optimization of China’s ecological conservation redline: a case of Zhejiang Province 中国生态保护红线优化缓解自然灾害——以浙江省为例

IF 9.2 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Landscape and Urban Planning

Pub Date : 2025-11-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2025.105537

Haoxuan Xia , Wenze Yue , Tianyu Wang , Changjia Li , Jiren Xu

Natural hazards pose significant threats to human societies. Nature-based solutions (NbS) have emerged as a promising approach to address these challenges. China’s Ecological Conservation Redline (ECR) policy, which aims to safeguard ecosystem integrity and connectivity, provides a powerful framework for applying NbS. However, previous studies have paid little attention to the role of ECR in mitigating natural hazards. This study investigates how to optimize the ECR for mitigating natural hazards in Zhejiang Province, China. Using a “hazard formation, ecosystem response, NbS governance” framework, the research assesses multi-hazard susceptibility, identifies ecosystem services (ES) conservation priority areas, and ultimately optimizes the ECR pattern. The MaxEnt model was employed to evaluate hazard susceptibility, while the Ordered Weighted Averaging method was used to overlay different ES scenarios to determine conservation priorities. The results indicate that high-risk areas for collapse, mudslide, and landslide are predominantly located in the western and southern mountainous regions of Zhejiang, with the multi-hazard integration showing that high-risk areas cover 17.67% of the total land area. We set up 11 scenarios with varying risk values, showing that as risk values increase, the extent of conservation priority areas generally expands and overlaps more with ECR areas. Based on the comprehensive analysis, the scenario offering the optimal balance between ES conservation and hazard mitigation efficiency was selected to optimize the ECR, improving the ECR’s protective coverage of hazard-prone areas from 17.97% to 38.55%. Optimizing ECR through the NbS approach can effectively contribute to risk management while providing policy enlightenment to Territorial Spatial Planning.

自然灾害对人类社会构成重大威胁。基于自然的解决方案（NbS）已经成为应对这些挑战的一种有希望的方法。中国的生态保护红线（ECR）政策旨在保护生态系统的完整性和连通性，为国家生态系统的应用提供了一个强大的框架。然而，以往的研究很少关注ECR在减轻自然灾害中的作用。本文以浙江省为研究对象，探讨了如何优化ECR以缓解自然灾害。采用“灾害形成、生态系统响应、NbS治理”框架，评估了多灾害易感性，确定了生态系统服务（ES）保护重点区域，并最终优化了ECR模式。采用MaxEnt模型评估灾害易感性，采用有序加权平均法叠加不同ES情景确定保护优先级。结果表明：崩塌、泥石流和滑坡高发区主要分布在浙江西部和南部山区，多灾种综合分析显示，高发区占国土面积的17.67%；我们设置了11个不同风险值的情景，结果表明，随着风险值的增加，优先保护区域的范围普遍扩大，并且与ECR区域的重叠更多。在综合分析的基础上，选择生态系统保护与减灾效率之间最优平衡的情景对生态系统保护区进行优化，将生态系统易损区的保护覆盖率从17.97%提高到38.55%。通过NbS方法优化ECR可以有效地促进风险管理，同时为国土空间规划提供政策启示。

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引用次数: 0

Volumetric landscape: The mix characteristics and co-agglomeration of 3D space use in compact cities 体量景观：紧凑型城市三维空间使用的混合特征和协同集聚

IF 9.2 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Landscape and Urban Planning

Pub Date : 2025-11-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2025.105536

Yi-Ya Hsu , Hoon Han

High-density and compact urban development have become popular globally, leading to volumetric changes in the built environment. However, knowledge of space use interaction in cities remains horizontally dominated. Therefore, beyond traditional land use study, this research aims to study how urban space use mixed within the 3D built environment. We explore the pattern of space uses in the 3D context from the scales of floors, buildings to local area, to better understand how volumetric urbanism shape cities. The City of Sydney in Australia is selected to capture the characteristics of 15 uses with a three-stage approach. The mixed-use degree, based on the Shannon Diversity Index, is crucial in determining the composition of uses within floors and buildings. The hidden pull and push dynamics among space uses illustrate the co-exist and spatial interaction of uses at floor and building scales. The co-agglomeration pattern of space uses from colocation analysis via ArcGIS Pro indicates neighbouring relationships, providing a foundation for the spatial interrelationship of uses for future 3D urban use modelling; while local colocation results indicate the geographical differences, enabling the identification of functional deficiencies in cities. For instance, green and open space was colocated with residential use but shows a local isolation pattern around the CBD, while office use was isolated from residential use but shows a local colocation pattern on the CBD edge. This research contributes to monitoring urban dynamics, supports sustainable governance practices, and advances volumetric perspectives, highlighting the essential transition from land use mix to floor use mix.

高密度和紧凑的城市发展已经成为全球流行，导致建筑环境的体积变化。然而，关于城市空间使用互动的知识仍然是横向的。因此，在传统的土地利用研究之外，本研究旨在研究城市空间如何在三维建筑环境中混合使用。我们从楼层、建筑到局部区域的尺度，探索三维环境下的空间使用模式，以更好地理解体量城市化如何塑造城市。澳大利亚悉尼市被选中，通过三个阶段的方法来捕捉15个用途的特征。基于香农多样性指数（Shannon Diversity Index）的混合使用程度，对于确定楼层和建筑物内的用途构成至关重要。空间使用之间隐藏的拉和推动态说明了在楼层和建筑尺度上使用的共存和空间互动。通过ArcGIS Pro对空间使用的共集聚模式进行分析，揭示了邻近关系，为未来的三维城市使用建模提供了空间使用相互关系的基础；而地方托管结果显示了地理差异，从而能够识别城市的功能缺陷。例如，绿色和开放空间与住宅用地相结合，但在CBD周围表现出局部隔离模式，而办公用地与住宅用地相分离，但在CBD边缘表现出局部隔离模式。这项研究有助于监测城市动态，支持可持续治理实践，并推进体积视角，突出了从土地利用组合到地板利用组合的基本转变。

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引用次数: 0

Interactive effects of COVID-19 social distancing policies and building density and their impact on GHG emissions in Seoul 首尔新冠肺炎社会距离政策与建筑密度的互动效应及其对温室气体排放的影响

IF 9.2 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Landscape and Urban Planning

Pub Date : 2025-11-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2025.105535

Su Jin Du, Seung Hoon Lee, Yong Un Ban

Urban areas, as centers of dense human activity, are responsible for approximately 80% of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. During the COVID-19, governments worldwide introduced social distancing policies that altered urban energy consumption patterns, particularly in high-density cities. This study investigated how the interaction between the intensity of social distancing policies and urban building density influenced GHG emissions in Seoul from January 2020 to December 2022. Using monthly panel data and fixed effects models, we analyzed five types of social distancing restrictions, categorized into facility-based and person-based limitations, in conjunction with building density measured by the floor area ratio at the building polygon level. The analysis results revealed that accounting for the spatial heterogeneity in policy effects is critical. By explicitly modeling the interaction between policy intensity and built environment characteristics, we found that (1) stricter restrictions on non-essential and group event facilities were associated with increased GHG emissions in high-density areas; (2) restrictions on essential facilities and private meetings decreased GHG emissions as density increased; and (3) policy intensity’s effects on GHG emissions varied nonlinearly depending on the restriction type and the city’s spatial structure. These results demonstrate that the urban form significantly conditions the environmental effectiveness of social distancing policies, suggesting that increased regulatory intensity does not uniformly translate into lower emissions across all urban contexts. To ensure more effective urban environmental governance during public health crises, governments can optimize both infection control and environmental outcomes by designing policies that consider urban density and morphology.

城市地区作为人类密集活动的中心，其温室气体排放量约占全球的80%。在2019冠状病毒病期间，世界各国政府出台了社会距离政策，改变了城市能源消费模式，特别是在人口密集的城市。本研究调查了2020年1月至2022年12月首尔社会距离政策强度与城市建筑密度之间的相互作用如何影响温室气体排放。利用月度面板数据和固定效应模型，我们结合建筑多边形水平的容积率测量的建筑密度，分析了五种类型的社会距离限制，分为基于设施的限制和基于人的限制。分析结果表明，考虑政策效应的空间异质性至关重要。通过明确建模政策强度与建筑环境特征之间的相互作用，我们发现：(1)对非必要设施和群体活动设施的严格限制与高密度地区温室气体排放增加有关；(2)随着人口密度的增加，对基本设施和私人会议的限制减少了温室气体排放；③政策强度对温室气体排放的影响随限制类型和城市空间结构的变化呈非线性变化。这些结果表明，城市形态显著地制约了社会距离政策的环境有效性，这表明在所有城市背景下，监管强度的增加并不一定会转化为排放的降低。为了在公共卫生危机期间确保更有效的城市环境治理，政府可以通过设计考虑城市密度和形态的政策来优化感染控制和环境结果。

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引用次数: 0

Who particiates in greening everyday urban space? Understanding community-led urban greening through the case of the Green Alleys of Montréal (Canada) 谁参与绿化日常城市空间？以加拿大montracimal绿巷为例了解社区主导的城市绿化

IF 9.2 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Landscape and Urban Planning

Pub Date : 2025-11-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2025.105533

Thi-Thanh-Hien Pham, Ugo Lachapelle

Cities have increasingly been implementing greening initiatives in conjunction with residents and local community organizations, yet little is known about the household characteristics of people involved in greening small-scale and ordinary spaces. In this study, we investigate involvement in and uses of the Green Alleys of Montréal. These greening programs, originating with and maintained by residents, are not determined by city planning but rather by volunteers. We conducted a survey of residents (N = 400) living adjacent to 66 Green Alleys in one borough of the city. Between 20 % and 29 % of respondents were involved in vegetation planting, meetings, and Green Alley committees in the past, and are currently involved in maintenance. Walking and cycling, talking with neighbours, playing with children, and driving along alleys to park cars are the most frequent uses of Green Alleys. Common variables that are significant in involvement and usage include having children, being homeowners, and having alley-based friendships. Income is not the most important variable but, advanced levels of education, being part of a visible minority and parking-space ownership were of greater significance. This is because Green Alleys require no financial outlay from residents, but instead draw upon their skill sets, their sense of social cohesion, and their interests in long-term benefits. The Green Alley Programs are hence determined by localized social factors and raise questions about green space connectivity and who may not join the programs. We call for customizing the programs to address these questions, making the programs accessible for more neighbourhoods.

城市越来越多地与居民和当地社区组织一起实施绿化倡议，但对参与小型和普通空间绿化的人的家庭特征知之甚少。在这项研究中，我们调查参与和使用的绿色小巷的蒙特里萨。这些由居民发起和维护的绿化项目不是由城市规划决定的，而是由志愿者决定的。我们对居住在该市一个行政区66条绿巷附近的居民（N = 400）进行了调查。20%到29%的受访者过去参与了植被种植、会议和绿巷委员会，目前参与了维护工作。散步和骑自行车，与邻居交谈，与孩子玩耍，沿着小巷停车是绿巷最常见的用途。在参与和使用方面有重要意义的常见变量包括有孩子，有房子，有街坊朋友。收入并不是最重要的变量，但教育程度、是否属于少数族裔和是否拥有停车位则更为重要。这是因为绿巷不需要居民的财政支出，而是利用他们的技能、他们的社会凝聚力和他们对长期利益的兴趣。因此，绿巷项目是由当地的社会因素决定的，并提出了关于绿地连通性和谁不能加入项目的问题。我们呼吁定制方案来解决这些问题，使更多的社区可以使用这些方案。

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引用次数: 0

Advancing urban soil health: challenges, knowledge gaps, and future research perspectives 推进城市土壤健康：挑战、知识缺口和未来研究展望

IF 9.2 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Landscape and Urban Planning

Pub Date : 2025-11-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2025.105534

Michelangelo Vuono , Domenico Paolo Di Lonardo , Christophe Schwartz , Fabio Terribile

Urbanization is projected to surpass 65% of the global population by 2050 and urban soils remain an overlooked yet crucial component for a sustainable development.

Here we present an analysis of the current state of research on urban soil health, focusing specifically on soils embedded within strictly urban environments (urban-affected soils).

Based on scientific literature review, this study systematically investigates 63 scientific papers published between 2008 and early 2025, examining various aspects of soil health research in urban environment including geographical distribution, land use, sampling depths, and soil health indicators. The results indicate a growing interest in urban soil health, particularly in recent years. The prevalence of research on this topic in specific regions of the world may be the result of the distribution of metropolitan areas, with the consequent enhance of awareness and importance of soil health in those regions.

The emphasis on chemical properties, particularly soil contamination, in the literature is consistent with historical trends, while the limited attention given to physical and biological properties calls for a more balanced approach. Ecosystem services, despite their recognized importance, are underutilized, urging a deeper exploration of specific services that contribute directly to human health. Sampling depth at soil profile scale emerged as a crucial factor, with a significant proportion of studies limited to the topsoil at depths of 20 cm or less. Considering the correlation between soil depth and ecosystem services, the findings emphasize the need for future research to explore greater sampling depths for a more comprehensive understanding of urban soil health.

Despite the growing interest in the field, urban soil health research remains shallow, both literally and conceptually. This work highlights the need for stronger collaboration between soil scientists and urban stakeholders, such as policymakers, planners, and the citizens. Bridging this communication gap will help shape research agendas and policies that address urban challenges, inform planning, and promote sustainable development.

预计到2050年，城市化将超过全球人口的65%，城市土壤仍然是可持续发展的一个被忽视但至关重要的组成部分。在这里，我们对城市土壤健康的研究现状进行了分析，特别关注严格意义上的城市环境中的土壤（城市影响土壤）。本研究在文献综述的基础上，系统梳理了2008年至2025年初发表的63篇科学论文，从地理分布、土地利用、采样深度和土壤健康指标等方面对城市环境土壤健康研究进行了梳理。研究结果表明，特别是近年来，人们对城市土壤健康的兴趣日益浓厚。关于这一专题的研究在世界特定区域的流行可能是大都市地区分布的结果，从而提高了这些区域对土壤健康的认识和重要性。文献中对化学性质，特别是土壤污染的强调与历史趋势是一致的，而对物理和生物性质的有限关注要求采取更平衡的方法。尽管生态系统服务的重要性得到公认，但尚未得到充分利用，因此迫切需要更深入地探索直接促进人类健康的具体服务。土壤剖面尺度的采样深度成为一个关键因素，很大一部分研究仅限于20cm或更小深度的表土。考虑到土壤深度与生态系统服务之间的相关性，研究结果强调了未来研究需要探索更大的采样深度，以更全面地了解城市土壤健康。尽管对该领域的兴趣日益浓厚，但城市土壤健康研究在字面上和概念上仍然很浅。这项工作强调了土壤科学家与城市利益相关者（如政策制定者、规划者和公民）之间加强合作的必要性。弥合这种沟通差距将有助于形成研究议程和政策，从而解决城市挑战、为规划提供信息并促进可持续发展。

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引用次数: 0

From vulnerability to adaptation: A systematic review of land-based economic outcomes of adverse climate events 从脆弱性到适应：对不利气候事件的陆地经济后果的系统回顾

IF 9.2 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Landscape and Urban Planning

Pub Date : 2025-11-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2025.105530

Yihao Wu , Jinpeng Yang , Zhenhua Li

Cities worldwide are experiencing unprecedented climate pressures that call for evidence-based adaptation planning and design strategies. An active area of research has emerged to explore how various adaptation policies mitigate the adverse economic impacts and help build resilience following adverse climate events. Following the PRSIMA protocol, this review systematically screened extensive relevant literature and ultimately include 108 original papers for bibliometric analysis. We reveal critical gaps in geographical coverage, hazard diversity, property types, and cascading impacts. Furthermore, a random-effects meta-analysis is conducted to compile 44 estimates of treatment effects on property values reported by quasi-experimental studies. We find that magnitude of vulnerability to hazard exposure decreased by 7.7% on average when equipped with adaptation measures. The results are robust to using implementation of adaptation as an alternative treatment definition. However, our review also reveals substantial heterogeneity, and even opposing effects amplifying vulnerability, where adaptation practices can trigger unintended consequences, prove cost-inefficient, or exacerbate preexisting inequalities. By synthesizing these empirical findings, we propose a four-quadrant policy matrix to explain the heterogeneity of adaptation effects, which is informative for policymakers designing concerted policy portfolios. Our review also outlines a roadmap for future research to unpack information channels and the interplay between different climate adaptation activities.

世界各地的城市正面临着前所未有的气候压力，需要基于证据的适应性规划和设计策略。一个活跃的研究领域已经出现，探索各种适应政策如何减轻不利的经济影响，并帮助建立在不利气候事件后的复原力。根据PRSIMA协议，本综述系统筛选了大量相关文献，最终纳入108篇原始论文进行文献计量学分析。我们揭示了地理覆盖、灾害多样性、属性类型和级联影响方面的关键差距。此外，进行了随机效应荟萃分析，以汇编准实验研究报告的44个治疗对财产价值的影响估计。我们发现，当采取适应措施时，对危险暴露的脆弱性程度平均下降了7.7%。将适应的实施作为替代治疗定义的结果是稳健的。然而，我们的回顾也揭示了巨大的异质性，甚至相反的效应放大了脆弱性，其中适应实践可能引发意想不到的后果，证明成本效率低下，或加剧先前存在的不平等。通过综合这些实证结果，我们提出了一个四象限的政策矩阵来解释适应效应的异质性，这为决策者设计协调一致的政策组合提供了信息。我们的综述还概述了未来研究的路线图，以揭示不同气候适应活动之间的信息渠道和相互作用。

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引用次数: 0

How urban street-scape visual features influence carbon emissions from residents visiting urban parks: A case study of Shenzhen, China 城市街道景观视觉特征对城市公园居民碳排放的影响——以深圳为例

IF 9.2 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Landscape and Urban Planning

Pub Date : 2025-11-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2025.105531

Haochun Guan , Wenting Zhang , Bo Huang , Yuan Xu , Wuyang Hong

Given accelerated urbanization and increasing residential mobility, optimizing urban environments to encourage low-carbon travel has attracted considerable attention. However, within complex urban systems, further research is needed to clarify how urban street-scape visual features interact with factors such as residents’ travel distances and origin-point characteristics—thereby influencing low-carbon travel behavior and associated carbon emissions. Taking Shenzhen—a megacity in China—as an example, this research integrates multi-source data to explore the underlying mechanisms influencing residents’ low-carbon travel behaviors. Specifically, we analyzed survey questionnaires collected from 3,976 urban park visitors and utilized deep learning algorithms to extract urban street-scape visual features from 137,000 street-view images. Moreover, localized carbon emission intensities for different transportation modes were applied to estimate the probabilities of residents’ travel mode choices and associated carbon emissions at a spatial grid scale across various urban locations. Our findings indicate that socio-demographic attributes, urban street-scape environmental features, neighborhood environmental characteristics, and travel distance significantly increase the likelihood of residents adopting low-carbon travel behaviors. Additionally, per capita carbon emissions of urban park visitors show a significant negative correlation with the green view index among urban street-scape visual features. Based on these findings, improving street-level green view index can effectively contribute to carbon emission reductions, and prioritizing enhancements in densely populated urban areas can yield even greater emission reduction benefits. This study offers a novel methodology and empirical evidence to support low-carbon development strategies in megacities.

随着城市化进程的加快和居民流动性的增加，优化城市环境以鼓励低碳出行受到了广泛关注。然而，在复杂的城市系统中，城市街景视觉特征如何与居民出行距离和起点特征等因素相互作用，从而影响低碳出行行为和相关碳排放，还需要进一步研究。本研究以中国特大城市深圳为例，整合多源数据，探讨居民低碳出行行为的影响机制。具体而言，我们分析了来自3976名城市公园游客的调查问卷，并利用深度学习算法从13.7万张街景图像中提取城市街景视觉特征。此外，利用不同交通方式的局部碳排放强度，在空间网格尺度上估算不同城市区域居民出行方式选择和相关碳排放的概率。研究发现，社会人口属性、城市街景环境特征、邻里环境特征和出行距离显著增加了居民采取低碳出行行为的可能性。此外，城市公园游客人均碳排放量与城市街道景观视觉特征中的绿色景观指数呈显著负相关。综上所述，提高街道绿化指数可以有效地促进碳减排，在人口密集的城市地区优先加强可以产生更大的减排效益。本研究为支持特大城市的低碳发展战略提供了一种新的方法和经验证据。

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引用次数: 0

Actionable information and climate change awareness drive consumer selection of environmentally beneficial garden plants 可操作的信息和气候变化意识促使消费者选择对环境有益的园林植物

IF 9.2 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Landscape and Urban Planning

Pub Date : 2025-10-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2025.105522

Caitlin L. McLaughlin , Tijana Blanuša , Ross Cameron , Martin Lukac , Simone Pfuderer , Jacob Bishop

Domestic gardens worldwide cover approximately 15–30 % of residential urban space and with the appropriate plant composition, have potential to help manage urban water flows, regulate temperatures and air-pollution. However, the provision of these regulating ecosystem services depends upon the preferences and willingness of private garden owners to adopt environmentally beneficial planting, with associated traits that confer these benefits. This study tested whether the way information on beneficial plant traits is presented influences taxa choices. In an experimental online survey, participants were divided into two groups: one received only ‘system information’ (basic facts about environmental problems: climate change, urban flooding, and poor air quality, n = 208), while the other also received ‘action-related information’ (how to potentially address environmental problems by choosing plants with certain traits, n = 211). Receiving ‘action-related information’ significantly influenced plant taxa selection; fewer choices were made for ornamental plants without traits that are beneficial for flood or pollution mitigation. Additionally, participants concerned about climate change were more willing to choose environmentally beneficial taxa, regardless of information group. These findings indicate that pro environmental planting choices in domestic gardens can be encouraged by providing actionable information and linking to existing climate change concerns.

世界范围内的家庭花园约占城市住宅空间的15 - 30%，通过适当的植物组成，有可能帮助管理城市水流，调节温度和空气污染。然而，这些调节生态系统服务的提供取决于私人花园所有者采用环境有益种植的偏好和意愿，以及赋予这些好处的相关特征。本研究考察了有益植物性状信息的呈现方式是否会影响分类群的选择。在一项实验性在线调查中，参与者被分为两组：一组只收到“系统信息”（关于环境问题的基本事实：气候变化、城市洪水和糟糕的空气质量，n = 208），而另一组也收到“行动相关信息”（如何通过选择具有某些特性的植物来潜在地解决环境问题，n = 211）。接收“与行动相关的信息”显著影响了植物分类群的选择；没有有利于防洪或减轻污染的特性的观赏植物选择较少。此外，无论信息组如何，关注气候变化的参与者都更愿意选择对环境有益的分类群。这些发现表明，可以通过提供可操作的信息并将现有的气候变化问题联系起来，鼓励家庭花园中亲环境的种植选择。

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引用次数: 0

High-resolution 3D solar potential assessment reveals significant shading-driven overestimation in dense urban areas 高分辨率3D太阳能潜力评估显示，在人口密集的城市地区，遮阳驱动的高估非常明显

IF 9.2 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Landscape and Urban Planning

Pub Date : 2025-10-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2025.105521

Han Wang , Bin Chen , Peng Gong

Accurate assessment of urban solar energy potential is critical for sustainable energy transition but remains challenging due to complex 3D structural shading effects often overlooked in conventional models. This study introduces a novel framework integrating high-resolution LiDAR-derived 3D urban models, satellite-based solar radiation data, and an optimized ray-tracing algorithm to quantify shading, sky occlusion, and reflection dynamics at the city scale. Applied to Hong Kong, a high-density metropolis, the framework reveals that traditional 2D assessments systematically overestimate rooftop solar potential by 17.63 %, primarily due to unaccounted urban morphology effects. Spatial analysis demonstrates significant overestimation in dense urban cores (392.13 kWh/m² on Hong Kong Island; 305.63 kWh/m² in Kowloon) versus lower-density regions (200.53 kWh/m² in New Territories). Furthermore, the Gini coefficient for individual-level solar access increases from 0.69 to 0.73 when incorporating 3D effects, highlighting exacerbated energy inequalities in densely populated areas. Validation against ground stations shows the model reduces RMSE by 18.6 % and MAPE by 29.3 % compared to conventional approaches. These results underscore the critical need for 3D urban solar assessments to optimize photovoltaic placement, mitigate shading losses, and address spatial-energy inequities. The framework provides actionable insights for urban planners and relevant stakeholders to enhance solar accessibility through strategic building design, open-space integration, and equitable renewable energy policies, thereby advancing sustainable and smart city development.

准确评估城市太阳能潜力对可持续能源转型至关重要，但由于复杂的3D结构遮阳效应在传统模型中经常被忽视，因此仍然具有挑战性。本研究引入了一个新的框架，将高分辨率激光雷达衍生的3D城市模型、卫星太阳辐射数据和优化的光线跟踪算法集成在一起，以量化城市尺度上的遮阳、天空遮挡和反射动态。应用于香港这个高密度的大都市，该框架显示，传统的二维评估系统地高估了17.63%的屋顶太阳能潜力，主要是由于未考虑城市形态的影响。空间分析显示，与密度较低的地区（新界200.53 kWh/m2）相比，密度较大的核心城区（港岛392.13 kWh/m2；九龙305.63 kWh/m2）的估值明显过高。此外，考虑三维效应后，个人层面太阳能利用的基尼系数从0.69增加到0.73，凸显了人口密集地区能源不平等加剧。对地面站的验证表明，与传统方法相比，该模型将RMSE降低了18.6%，MAPE降低了29.3%。这些结果强调了对3D城市太阳能评估的迫切需要，以优化光伏布局，减轻遮阳损失，并解决空间能源不平等问题。该框架为城市规划者和相关利益相关者提供了可操作的见解，通过战略性建筑设计、开放空间整合和公平的可再生能源政策来提高太阳能可及性，从而促进可持续和智慧城市的发展。

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引用次数: 0

Normative neighborhoods: does theory match perception? 规范邻域：理论与认知匹配吗？

IF 9.2 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Landscape and Urban Planning

Pub Date : 2025-10-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2025.105516

Emily Talen , Lydia Wileden , Crystal Bae

Normative theorizing about neighborhoods includes ideals about optimal size, centrality, boundedness and servicing. This is a study of whether these ideals stack up against resident understandings of neighborhood. We conducted a crowd-sourced survey of neighborhoods in Chicago using an online mapping interface where Chicago residents were invited to draw neighborhoods within the city, resulting in a final sample of 5,472 neighborhoods. Survey results were compared against four normative concepts of neighborhood. Resident neighborhoods tended to be much larger than normative theory would suggest. Neighborhood centers – schools, parks, libraries, landmarks, pedestrian retail streets – did not seem to have a strong influence on drawn neighborhoods, and most were not geographically centralized. Elements that would be considered logical boundaries were only partially evident. Servicing was somewhat stronger, but this was in part a function of the large geographic areas many respondent-drawn neighborhood encompassed, which tended to capture a lot of land uses and did not necessarily comport with ideals of clustered amenities and walkable access. We conclude with some thoughts about how the mis-alignment might be explained, and what it implies for the future of neighborhood research and the neighborhood itself as a useful planning concept.

关于社区的规范性理论包括关于最优大小、中心性、有界性和服务的理想。这是一项关于这些理想是否与居民对社区的理解相抵触的研究。我们对芝加哥的社区进行了一项众包调查，使用在线地图界面，芝加哥居民被邀请在城市内绘制社区，最终得到5,472个社区的样本。调查结果与邻里的四个规范概念进行了比较。居民社区往往比规范理论认为的要大得多。社区中心——学校、公园、图书馆、地标建筑、步行街——似乎对吸引人的社区没有很大的影响，而且大多数都不是地理上集中的。被认为是逻辑边界的元素只是部分地明显。服务在某种程度上更强，但这在一定程度上是由于许多被调查者所吸引的社区所包含的大地理区域的功能，这些区域往往占用了大量的土地用途，并不一定符合集群设施和步行通道的理想。我们总结了一些关于如何解释这种错位的想法，以及它对社区研究的未来和社区本身作为一个有用的规划概念的含义。

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