Landscape and Urban Planning最新文献_第6页

Assessing accessibility to peri-urban parks considering supply, demand, and traffic conditions 考虑供给、需求和交通状况，评估城市周边公园的可达性

IF 7.9 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Landscape and Urban Planning

Pub Date : 2025-02-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2025.105313

Linchuan Yang , Yi Lu , Mengqiu Cao , Ruoyu Wang , Jie Chen

With the acceleration of urbanization, ensuring equitable access (or accessibility) to peri-urban parks for residents has become a key issue in landscape and urban planning. Traditional studies on peri-urban park accessibility often lack a comprehensive evaluation of the supply and demand for peri-urban parks and traffic conditions. Taking Chengdu as an example, this study develops an improved two-step floating catchment area method that integrates traffic conditions. It dynamically assesses accessibility to peri-urban parks at different times during weekends and spatial inequalities, as well as explores the relationship between these inequalities and traffic conditions. The results indicate that under a 60-minute time threshold, there is significant two-tier differentiation in accessibility to peri-urban parks in Chengdu, with significant differences between different time points. Particularly during periods of traffic congestion, the issue of accessibility inequality becomes more prominent. This phenomenon highlights a strong correlation between congestion levels on routes to parks and inequality in park accessibility. This study provides a novel perspective and methodology for dynamically evaluating and optimizing accessibility to peri-urban parks, providing empirical evidence for urban planners in the planning of peri-urban parks and the design of transportation systems. This study emphasizes the need for comprehensive and proactive measures in the planning process to alleviate the adverse effects of traffic congestion on accessibility to peri-urban parks.

随着城市化进程的加快，确保居民公平地进入城市周边公园已成为景观和城市规划中的一个关键问题。传统的城郊公园可达性研究往往缺乏对城郊公园供需和交通状况的综合评价。本研究以成都市为例，开发了一种融合交通条件的改进的两步浮动集水区法。它动态地评估了周末不同时间城市周边公园的可达性和空间不平等，并探讨了这些不平等与交通状况之间的关系。结果表明：在60分钟时间阈值下，成都市城郊公园可达性存在显著的双层分化，且不同时间点之间存在显著差异；特别是在交通拥堵期间，无障碍不平等的问题变得更加突出。这一现象凸显了通往公园的道路拥堵程度与公园可达性不平等之间的强烈相关性。本研究为城郊公园可达性动态评价和优化提供了新的视角和方法，为城市规划人员在城郊公园规划和交通系统设计中提供了经验依据。本研究强调需要在规划过程中采取全面和积极的措施，以减轻交通拥堵对城市周边公园可达性的不利影响。

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引用次数: 0

Accessible, and culturally responsive: Why we need to examine diverse plant uses and values in green infrastructure 可及性和文化响应性：为什么我们需要研究绿色基础设施中植物的不同用途和价值

IF 7.9 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Landscape and Urban Planning

Pub Date : 2025-02-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2025.105317

Lucero Radonic , Valeria Galindo , Karen Hanshaw , Flor Sandoval

As green infrastructure (GI) proliferates as an adaptation strategy to living with increasing temperatures in urban areas, these initiatives may impact how people differentially experience the local climate and health benefits of urban greening. Scholars have studied the uneven distribution of urban greenery, but less attention has been paid to diverse plant uses and values by different sectors of the population and how those align (or not) with institutional plant preferences enshrined in GI policies. To address this gap, this article offers an in-depth case study of publicly-funded residential raingardens in a semi-arid city of the U.S. Southwest by drawing on an environmental justice framework. Through a mixed-methods approach we identify key criteria for residential plant selection among two groups from different economic and cultural backgrounds, and examine the desired benefits driving those preferences. More saliently, we found that plant preferences among low-income Hispanic residents tended to be at odds with institutional expectations of appropriate vegetation for GI installations in the context of increased heat and reduced water resources. Instead, they favored often-thirsty fruit bearing plants that provide cultural ecosystem services but are consistently excluded from the recommended plant lists used by program managers and expert practitioners. As practitioners and policy-makers seek to develop GI in historically underserved neighborhoods to reduce vulnerabilities to extreme heat, it is paramount to understand what people care to plant, what desired benefits they seek from those plants, and how they relate to plants in GI installations. Thus, this article argues that systematic attention to diversity in people-plant interactions is critical for implementing GI programs that are not only spatially, administratively, and financially accessible to underserved communities, but also culturally responsive to community identified needs. Moreover, by systematically documenting how different groups of people interact, use, and value vegetation this research adds to the movement towards integrating a biocultural approach to urban greening and to GI planning and implementation more specifically.

随着绿色基础设施（GI）作为一种适应城市地区气温上升的策略而激增，这些举措可能会影响人们如何以不同的方式体验当地气候和城市绿化的健康益处。学者们研究了城市绿化的不均匀分布，但很少关注不同人群对植物的不同利用和价值，以及这些利用和价值如何与地理标志政策中体现的制度性植物偏好相一致（或不一致）。为了解决这一差距，本文通过借鉴环境正义框架，对美国西南部一个半干旱城市的公共资助住宅雨花园进行了深入的案例研究。通过混合方法，我们确定了来自不同经济和文化背景的两个群体选择住宅植物的关键标准，并检查了驱动这些偏好的预期收益。更明显的是，我们发现，在热量增加和水资源减少的背景下，低收入西班牙裔居民的植物偏好往往与制度对GI装置适当植被的期望不一致。相反，他们倾向于提供文化生态系统服务的经常口渴的结果植物，但一直被排除在项目经理和专家从业者使用的推荐植物清单之外。当从业者和政策制定者寻求在历史上服务不足的社区发展地理标志以减少对极端高温的脆弱性时，了解人们关心的植物是什么，他们希望从这些植物中获得什么好处，以及他们如何与地理标志装置中的植物联系起来是至关重要的。因此，本文认为，系统地关注人与植物相互作用的多样性对于实施地理标志项目至关重要，这些项目不仅在空间上、行政上和经济上能够为服务不足的社区所接受，而且在文化上也能响应社区确定的需求。此外，通过系统地记录不同人群如何相互作用、利用和重视植被，本研究促进了将生物文化方法整合到城市绿化和更具体的地理标志规划和实施中的运动。

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引用次数: 0

Does urban sprawl lessen green space exposure? Evidence from Chinese cities 城市扩张会减少绿地暴露吗？来自中国城市的证据

IF 7.9 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Landscape and Urban Planning

Pub Date : 2025-02-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2025.105319

Yang Chen , Daniele La Rosa , Wenze Yue

Maintaining universal exposure to green space is one of the crucial tasks in building livable cities. However, the prevalence of urban expansion in the past few decades worldwide has resulted in uneven exposure to green space as a spatial concomitant of disordered urban development. Previous literature has mainly focused on examining the impacts of biophysical conditions, socio-economic development, and institutional capacity in shaping green space exposure, with little attention given to the role of urban sprawl. To address the gap, we developed a conceptual framework to explore the relationships between urban sprawl and green space exposure. We then used Amap real-time accessibility model, landscape metrics, and regression models to examine whether urban sprawl can lessen green space exposure in Chinese cities. Statistically, it is clear that southern and southeastern cities, as well as those at higher administrative levels, have greater green space exposure, while eastern and smaller cities tend to exhibit urban sprawl. Furthermore, we partially confirmed that urban sprawl can lessen green space exposure, especially in dispersed and fragmented Chinese cities. This result can be attributed to planning strategies that prioritize city cores over suburban areas. However, this is not the case for complex urban forms. We speculate that this finding is linked to the universal characteristics of unsystematic growth and edge development in Chinese cities. This work may provide insights for planners and decision-makers in coordinating green space planning with urban development trajectories.

保持普遍的绿色空间是建设宜居城市的关键任务之一。然而，在过去的几十年里，世界范围内城市扩张的盛行导致了绿色空间的不均匀暴露，作为无序城市发展的空间伴随物。以前的文献主要集中在研究生物物理条件、社会经济发展和制度能力对形成绿色空间暴露的影响，很少关注城市蔓延的作用。为了解决这一差距，我们开发了一个概念框架来探索城市扩张与绿色空间暴露之间的关系。然后，我们使用高德地图实时可达性模型、景观指标和回归模型来检验城市扩张是否会减少中国城市的绿地暴露。从统计数据上看，南部和东南部城市以及行政级别较高的城市绿地暴露程度较高，而东部和较小的城市则倾向于城市扩张。此外，我们还部分证实了城市扩张会减少绿地暴露，尤其是在分散和碎片化的中国城市。这一结果可归因于优先考虑城市核心而不是郊区的规划策略。然而，对于复杂的城市形态来说，情况并非如此。我们推测，这一发现与中国城市非系统增长和边缘发展的普遍特征有关。该研究可为规划人员和决策者在协调绿色空间规划与城市发展轨迹方面提供参考。

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引用次数: 0

Planting contexts affect urban tree species classification using airborne hyperspectral and LiDAR imagery 利用机载高光谱和激光雷达图像进行城市树种分类

IF 7.9 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Landscape and Urban Planning

Pub Date : 2025-02-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2025.105316

Dengkai Chi , Jingli Yan , Kang Yu , Felix Morsdorf , Ben Somers

Different urban planting contexts, such as streets and parks, can lead to significant intraspecific biochemical and structural variations in trees. These variations present challenges for remote sensing-based tree species classification and effective urban forest management. However, few studies have explored how planting contexts influence the accuracy of remote sensing-based tree species identification in urban environments. This study introduced a planting context-specific modelling approach (i.e., models trained for street trees and park trees separately) for classifying seven dominant broadleaved tree species in the Brussels Capital Region, Belgium using airborne hyperspectral and leaf-on LiDAR data. This approach was compared to a traditional general modelling approach. Linear discriminant analysis with principal component analysis was employed to classify tree species at the individual tree level using different feature sets. Our results showed that a planting context-specific modelling approach with combined hyperspectral and LiDAR features achieved an overall accuracy (OA) of 84.2%. It improved the OA of LiDAR-based classifications by 7.6 and 8.9 percentage points for street trees and park trees respectively and of hyperspectral-based street tree species classification by 4.2 percentage points. The decreased discriminatory power of features in general models can be partly attributed to their sensitivity to planting context. We concluded that a planting context-specific modeling approach can enhance urban tree species classification, ultimately supporting improved urban forest management.

不同的城市种植环境，如街道和公园，会导致树木种内生化和结构的显著变化。这些变化对基于遥感的树种分类和有效的城市森林管理提出了挑战。然而，很少有研究探讨在城市环境中种植背景如何影响基于遥感的树种识别的准确性。本研究引入了一种特定于种植环境的建模方法（即分别对行道树和公园树进行模型训练），利用机载高光谱和叶片上激光雷达数据对比利时布鲁塞尔首都地区的七种主要阔叶树进行分类。该方法与传统的通用建模方法进行了比较。采用线性判别分析和主成分分析相结合的方法，利用不同的特征集在单树水平对树种进行分类。我们的研究结果表明，结合高光谱和激光雷达特征的种植环境特定建模方法的总体精度（OA）为84.2%。将基于lidar的行道树和公园树分类的OA分别提高7.6和8.9个百分点，将基于高光谱的行道树树种分类的OA提高4.2个百分点。在一般模型中，特征的区分能力降低可以部分归因于它们对种植环境的敏感性。研究结果表明，基于不同种植环境的城市树种建模方法能够增强城市树种分类能力，最终为改善城市森林管理提供支持。

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引用次数: 0

Land use and land cover conflict risk assessment model: Social and spatial impact of suburbanisation 土地利用与土地覆盖冲突风险评估模型：郊区化的社会与空间影响

IF 7.9 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Landscape and Urban Planning

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2025.105302

Katarzyna Cegielska, Renata Różycka-Czas, Julia Gorzelany, Barbara Olczak

Today’s cities grow at the interface of urbanised and open areas. Their impact zones depend on their size and role in the settlement structure. Unplanned urban growth often leads to land-use patterns that conflict with sustainable development principles. This can spark local land use and land cover (LULC) conflicts.

The study aims to build an original model for assessing the risk of LULC conflicts. The model is founded on identifying the Risk Source (spatial and social determinants of conflicts), Risk Receptor (component indicators developed by the authors) and Risk Effect (level of conflict risk) in public perception. The integrated spatial and social approach is a novel concept for investigating LULC conflicts. The goal was achieved through spatial analyses combined with surveys among residents of municipalities around Kraków and among administration officers, directors, and chiefs of departments in these municipalities. The spatial analyses of land cover employed geoprocessing algorithms and GIS tools. The periurban zone of Kraków was investigated using an original methodology. The results demonstrate that suburbanisation contributes to LULC conflicts, with agricultural areas being the most susceptible to the problem. The conclusions are based on a model analysis and investigation of human-landscape interactions. The proposed LULC conflict risk assessment model combines spatial characteristics and their public perception. With this specific approach, we address a research gap that is the shortage of research integrating spatial and social approaches to LULC conflicts in periurban areas.

今天的城市在城市化和开放地区的交汇处发展。它们的影响范围取决于它们的大小和在沉降结构中的作用。无计划的城市增长往往导致与可持续发展原则相冲突的土地使用模式。这可能引发当地土地使用和土地覆盖（LULC）冲突。

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引用次数: 0

Honeybee presence restructures pollination networks more than landscape context by reducing foraging breadths of wild bees 蜜蜂的存在通过减少野生蜜蜂的觅食宽度而重构了传粉网络，而不是景观环境

IF 7.9 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Landscape and Urban Planning

Pub Date : 2025-01-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2025.105305

Thomas Seth Davis , John Mola , Nathan Comai

Wild bee populations are threatened by habitat fragmentation and land-use change, but few development plans consider resource competition. However, managed honeybees (Apis mellifera) are often introduced to residential areas by hobbyist beekeepers, placing potential competitive pressure on wild bees. We sampled bee-plant interactions from natural reserves across the peri-urban landscape of Fort Collins, Colorado (U.S.A.) and modeled pollination networks and bee foraging breadth in response to road and natural area density, reserve size, and background honeybee abundance. Four key findings emerged: (1) honeybees dominated pollination networks, representing 26% of recorded bee-plant interactions. High frequencies of honeybees reduced network modularity, but reserve size, natural area density, and seasonality did not predict network structure. (2) Honeybee frequency increased with road density and declined as natural area cover increased, indicating that higher residential densities drive honeybee pressure. (3) Patterns of floral visitation by honeybees and wild bees indicate substantial niche overlap, and foraging breadths of Megachilidae (leafcutter bees) and Colletidae (plasterer bees) declined as honeybee frequency increased. (4) Noxious weed species (e.g., Convulvulus arvense and Carduus nutans) had high rates of visitation by wild bees and were identified as both pollination network ‘hubs’ and ‘connectors’. We conclude that honeybee presence alters topology of bee-plant networks, and prioritizing creation of natural area reserves to maximize density of non-impervious cover may indirectly reduce competition with honeybees. Conservation practitioners can offset honeybee effects by favoring floral species that support wild bee foraging and are not visited by honeybees, especially in regions where honeybees are not native.

野生蜜蜂种群受到栖息地破碎化和土地利用变化的威胁，但很少有发展规划考虑到资源竞争。然而，管理蜜蜂（Apis mellifera）经常被养蜂人引入居民区，给野生蜜蜂带来潜在的竞争压力。我们在美国科罗拉多州柯林斯堡的近郊自然保护区对蜜蜂与植物的相互作用进行了采样，并模拟了授粉网络和蜜蜂觅食宽度对道路和自然面积密度、保护区规模和背景蜜蜂丰度的响应。主要发现有四项：(1)蜜蜂在传粉网络中占主导地位，占记录的蜜蜂与植物相互作用的26%。蜜蜂的高频率降低了网络的模块化，但储备规模、自然面积密度和季节性不能预测网络结构。(2)蜜蜂频率随道路密度的增加而增加，随自然面积的增加而下降，表明较高的居住密度驱动了蜜蜂压力。(3)蜜蜂与野生蜜蜂访花模式存在明显的生态位重叠，切叶蜂科和抹灰蜂科的觅食宽度随着蜜蜂频率的增加而减小。(4)有害杂草（如惊魂草和胡桃花）被野生蜜蜂访问的比例很高，被认为是传粉网络的“枢纽”和“连接器”。我们的结论是，蜜蜂的存在改变了蜜蜂-植物网络的拓扑结构，优先创建自然区域保护区以最大化非不透覆盖的密度可能会间接减少与蜜蜂的竞争。保护工作者可以通过支持野生蜜蜂觅食和蜜蜂不访问的花卉物种来抵消蜜蜂的影响，特别是在蜜蜂不是本地的地区。

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引用次数: 0

Optimizing green space-building landscape characteristics of key urban functional zones for comprehensive thermal environment mitigation 优化城市重点功能区绿地建设景观特征，促进热环境综合治理

IF 7.9 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Landscape and Urban Planning

Pub Date : 2025-01-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2025.105314

Zhifeng Wu , Ying Wang , Yin Ren

The Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect has garnered significant attention due to its detrimental effects, such as increased near-surface temperatures, reduced resident comfort, heat-related illnesses, and damage to urban ecosystems. While strategies including expanding green spaces, optimizing building layouts, adjusting vegetation, and using high-albedo materials are known to mitigate urban thermal conditions, a targeted, comprehensive approach to urban thermal management remains elusive. Our study addresses this gap by introducing a socio-economically driven method to segment the urban landscape into Urban Functional Zones, identifying and prioritizing zones with the most substantial thermal impact for enhancement. We stratify target zones into those requiring no adjustment, temporary non-adjustment, and those needing adjustment, based on the statistical distribution of land surface temperatures. We then employ landscape indices that encapsulate the spatial arrangement of green spaces and built environments, pinpointing specific structural elements within these zones for targeted thermal improvement. Adjustments are made to the building-green space landscape, focusing on high-temperature areas with the aim of aligning temperatures with low-temperature regions, guided by the identified structural elements indicated by landscape indices. Our research presents a clear, actionable framework for urban managers to improve thermal conditions, applicable to various cities requiring such interventions.

城市热岛效应（UHI）由于其不利影响，如近地表温度升高、居民舒适度降低、与热有关的疾病和对城市生态系统的破坏，引起了人们的广泛关注。虽然扩大绿地、优化建筑布局、调整植被和使用高反照率材料等策略可以缓解城市热状况，但有针对性的综合城市热管理方法仍然难以实现。我们的研究通过引入一种社会经济驱动的方法来解决这一差距，将城市景观划分为城市功能区，确定并优先考虑具有最大热影响的区域进行增强。根据地表温度的统计分布，我们将目标区分为不需要调整、暂时不需要调整和需要调整。然后，我们使用景观指数来封装绿色空间和建筑环境的空间安排，在这些区域内精确定位特定的结构元素，以进行有针对性的热改善。对建筑绿地景观进行调整，重点关注高温区域，目的是在景观指数指示的已识别结构元素的指导下，使温度与低温区域保持一致。我们的研究为城市管理者提供了一个清晰、可操作的框架，以改善热条件，适用于需要此类干预措施的各种城市。

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引用次数: 0

Assessing accessibility and crowding in urban green spaces: A comparative study of approaches 评价城市绿地的可达性和拥挤性：方法的比较研究

IF 7.9 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Landscape and Urban Planning

Pub Date : 2025-01-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2025.105301

Barbara Czesak , Renata Różycka-Czas

Urban green spaces (UGS) are pivotal elements of the structure of urbanised areas, important for the well-being of the city inhabitants. Therefore, it is necessary to provide tools for determining the accessibility and crowdedness of the UGS. To this end, we assess how much space there is for potential UGS users in individual green spaces. It is pilot quantitative study limited to an area of one city, showing the crowdedness of UGS in two approaches. In both approaches, we assume an extreme event observed in the time of pandemic that all people in the accessible distance visit a UGS at the same time. In the approaches, we have combined parameters from literature and the idea that analysing UGS accessibility could be size sensitive to come up with methods for assessing residents’ accessibility to green spaces with spatial analysis. Our study shows the variability of UGS accessibility throughout the city. The results indicate that to identify areas in cities with insufficient UGS, analyses using the commonly referenced 300-meter accessibility measure may be sufficient. However, for a more comprehensive assessment of UGS accessibility, it is necessary to conduct studies that are sensitive to UGS size and factor in the estimated population within it. The study tackles the UGS accessibility problems in a novel way of comparing two popular approaches and providing practical insights. The approaches may be useful for spatial planning practices to show the differences in local UGS accessibility and delimit areas with lower UGS accessibility. The findings may support the municipality in the practical task of monitoring the crowding of UGS in the city and facilitate decision making in the new UGS site selection process.

城市绿地（UGS）是城市化地区结构的关键要素，对城市居民的福祉至关重要。因此，有必要提供工具来确定UGS的可达性和拥挤性。为此，我们评估了单个绿地中有多少空间可供潜在的UGS用户使用。这是一项试点定量研究，仅限于一个城市的一个区域，显示了两种方法的UGS拥挤。在这两种方法中，我们假设在大流行期间观察到一个极端事件，即所有可到达距离内的人同时访问UGS。在这些方法中，我们将文献中的参数和分析UGS可达性可能对大小敏感的想法结合起来，提出了通过空间分析评估居民对绿地可达性的方法。我们的研究显示了整个城市UGS可达性的可变性。结果表明，对于城市中UGS不足的区域，使用常用的300米可达性指标进行分析可能是足够的。然而，为了更全面地评估UGS的可达性，有必要进行对UGS规模和其中估计人口因素敏感的研究。该研究以一种新颖的方式解决了UGS可访问性问题，比较了两种流行的方法，并提供了实用的见解。这些方法可用于空间规划实践，以显示当地UGS可达性的差异，并划定UGS可达性较低的区域。研究结果可以支持市政当局监测城市中UGS拥挤的实际任务，并促进新的UGS选址过程中的决策。

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引用次数: 0

Planning for transformative change with nature-based solutions: A geodesign application in Stockholm 以自然为基础的解决方案规划变革：斯德哥尔摩的地理设计应用

IF 7.9 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Landscape and Urban Planning

Pub Date : 2025-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2025.105303

Blal Adem Esmail , Chiara Cortinovis , Sigvard Bast , Carl C. Anderson , Lina Suleiman , Gustavo Arciniegas , Davide Geneletti , Ulla Mörtberg , Christian Albert

Advancing towards urban futures in which both human communities and ecosystems can thrive requires transformative change (TC). Spatial planning can serve as a backbone for inspiring and fostering the desired transformation of cities. However, to support this transformation, the challenge for spatial planning is to create unconventional plans that account for the complex trade-offs and interactions of different scenarios through participatory procedures. A promising approach for addressing this challenge is geodesign, since it couples spatial co-design with impact simulations. This paper aims to explore how, and with what effects, a geodesign process can support the co-creation of transformative urban plans that enhance biodiversity and ecosystem services while meeting urban development goals. A geodesign process was developed and deployed for a case study neighborhood in Stockholm, Sweden. Two scenario storylines were developed: one that follows the current city plan, and another one where the most transformative elements of the plan are further emphasized. Fourteen planning stakeholders divided into three groups translated the storylines into actual land use changes and explored the impacts of the two scenarios. The study findings indicate that the geodesign process enabled participants to develop transformative plans that address housing needs while also promoting biodiversity and ecosystem services through nature-based solutions. Participants showed high perceived desirability of TC scenarios in Skarpnäck but were mostly sceptical regarding the plausibility and probability of future implementation. Changes in perceived plausibility, desirability and probability comparing before and after the geodesign process were minor, with some inter-group variation. We recommend practical applications of geodesign to strategically involve key stakeholders throughout study conceptualization, scenario development, and model generation for better consideration of context. Enhancing geodesign tools for user-friendliness is also crucial. We suggest geodesign research to focus more on understanding its impacts on participants as well as scaling up for addressing complex challenges in metropolitan and landscape planning.

迈向人类社区和生态系统都能蓬勃发展的城市未来，需要变革（TC）。空间规划可以作为激发和促进城市预期转型的支柱。然而，为了支持这种转变，空间规划面临的挑战是创建非常规的规划，通过参与式程序考虑到不同场景的复杂权衡和相互作用。解决这一挑战的一个很有前途的方法是地理设计，因为它将空间协同设计与撞击模拟相结合。本文旨在探讨地理设计过程如何支持共同创建变革性城市规划，从而在实现城市发展目标的同时增强生物多样性和生态系统服务。为瑞典斯德哥尔摩的一个案例研究社区开发并部署了地理设计过程。我们开发了两个场景故事线：一个是遵循当前的城市规划，另一个是进一步强调规划中最具变革性的元素。分成三组的14名规划利益相关者将故事情节转化为实际的土地利用变化，并探讨了这两种情景的影响。研究结果表明，地理设计过程使参与者能够制定变革性的计划，以满足住房需求，同时通过基于自然的解决方案促进生物多样性和生态系统服务。参与者在Skarpnäck中表现出对TC方案的高度期望，但大多数人对未来实施的可行性和可能性持怀疑态度。在地理设计过程前后，感知的合理性、可取性和概率变化较小，组间存在一些差异。我们推荐地理设计的实际应用，在整个研究概念化、场景开发和模型生成过程中战略性地涉及关键利益相关者，以更好地考虑上下文。增强地理设计工具的用户友好性也至关重要。我们建议地理设计研究更多地关注其对参与者的影响，并扩大规模以应对大都市和景观规划中的复杂挑战。

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引用次数: 0

Greening the city: An analysis of socio-spatial disparities through urban gardening practices in Lille and Lyon (France) 城市绿化：里尔和里昂（法国）城市园艺实践的社会空间差异分析

IF 7.9 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Landscape and Urban Planning

Pub Date : 2025-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2025.105298

Amélie DESCHAMPS

Over the past three decades, urban gardening initiatives have proliferated in cities. The community garden has emerged as a global model for participatory urban greening. To date, few studies have engaged on greening licenses. These schemes have emerged in French cities along community gardens to green the interstices of urban space, such as the feet of trees or holes in pavements. The role of urban gardening in reducing urban environmental injustice is debated in the literature. The cities of Lille and Lyon (France) were selected for study to investigate the geographical distribution of participatory greening initiatives according to the socio-economic profile of neighbourhoods. By comparing the location of community gardens and greening licenses, the role of institutional and associative frameworks in making these schemes accessible to the population was highlighted. A mixed methodology combining statistical and cartographic analysis with qualitative fieldwork was employed. The findings suggest an uneven distribution of greening initiatives in the two cities. The concentration of greening licenses in neighbourhoods with higher average incomes than those hosting community gardens highlights the barriers to participation faced by the most disadvantaged sections of the population. However, the concentration of community gardens managed by charities in these neighbourhoods emphasises the fact that one of the conditions for environmental justice is to support initiatives in working-class neighbourhoods with specific policies. Our results provide useful insights for policymakers on the types of support that should be implemented to ensure that participatory greening initiatives benefit as many people as possible and do not perpetuate urban social and environmental injustice.

在过去的三十年里，城市园艺活动在城市中激增。社区花园已经成为参与式城市绿化的全球模式。迄今为止，很少有研究涉及绿化许可证。这些方案已经出现在法国城市，沿着社区花园绿化城市空间的间隙，如树脚或人行道上的洞。城市园艺在减少城市环境不公正方面的作用在文献中有争议。根据社区的社会经济状况，研究人员选择了法国里尔和里昂两个城市作为研究对象，调查参与式绿化倡议的地理分布。通过比较社区花园和绿化许可证的位置，强调了机构和联合框架在使这些方案对人口开放方面的作用。采用了统计和制图分析与定性实地调查相结合的混合方法。研究结果表明，这两个城市的绿化活动分布不均。绿化许可证集中在平均收入高于拥有社区花园的社区，突显了最弱势群体在参与绿化方面面临的障碍。然而，由慈善机构管理的社区花园集中在这些社区，强调了这样一个事实，即环境正义的条件之一是用具体的政策支持工人阶级社区的倡议。我们的研究结果为政策制定者提供了有益的见解，即应该实施哪些类型的支持，以确保参与式绿化倡议使尽可能多的人受益，并且不会使城市社会和环境的不公正永久化。

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