Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging最新文献_第5页

Anaemia, Iron Deficiency, and Functional Outcomes in Rural Older Indians: Insights from the Odisha Tribal Family Health Survey 贫血、缺铁和印度农村老年人的功能结局：来自奥里萨邦部落家庭健康调查的见解

IF 4 3区医学 Q1 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY

Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100730

Jaya Singh Kshatri , Kavitha AK , Haimanti Bhattacharya , Sanghamitra Pati

引用次数: 0

Association between Accelerometer-derived Physical Activity-related Metabolic Signature and Stroke: A Cohort Study from UK Biobank 加速度计衍生的身体活动相关代谢特征与中风之间的关联：来自英国生物银行的队列研究

IF 4 3区医学 Q1 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY

Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100715

Bowen Tan , Hewanmeng Geng , Zeyu Hao , Zhirong Li , Chengxiang Hu , Tian Yu , Pengyu Wang , Yuanhao Chen , Zhongping Feng , Lina Jin , Baofeng Xu , Rui Liu

Background

Accelerometer-derived physical activity is associated with reduced stroke risk. The biological pathways underpinning this relationship, however, are not yet understood. Herein, we aim to identify metabolic signatures associated with accelerometer-measured PA and investigate their relationships with reduced stroke incidence.

Method

Utilizing UK Biobank accelerometer data, we derived physical activity into total physical activity (TPA), moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and light physical activity (LPA) and linked them to 249 NMR-quantified plasma metabolites. The metabolomic signatures (TPA-/MVPA-/LPA-metabolomic signatures) were developed through internal validation followed by elastic-net regression modeling. Cox proportional hazards models evaluated activity-stroke associations (adjusted for sociodemographic/genetic factors), followed by mediation analysis to quantify metabolomic signature effects.

Results

Through UK Biobank study (N = 29445; 14.1-year follow-up with 513 stroke events), we identified 195 TPA, 173 MVPA, and 164 LPA metabolite associations (FDR < 0.05), with 107, 92, and 15 validated, respectively. Elastic net-derived physical activity-metabolomic signatures (TPA-/MVPA-metabolomic signatures) correlated with physical activity intensities (r = 0.20−0.30, P < 0.001) and were associated with reduced stroke risk: TPA-metabolomic signatures (HR = 0.61, 95% CI: 0.44−0.87); MVPA-metabolomic signatures (HR = 0.50, 95%CI: 0.29−0.88). Mediation analyses showed TPA-metabolomic signatures and MVPA-metabolomic signatures explained 12.2% and 8.5% of physical activity-stroke associations (P < 0.001), implicating specific lipoprotein subclasses and lipids as key mediators.

Conclusion

TPA-metabolomic signatures and MVPA-metabolomic signatures, particularly the 11 key metabolites included, significantly mediate the association between accelerometer-derived physical activity and stroke risk.

背景：由加速度计得出的体力活动与卒中风险降低有关。然而，支撑这种关系的生物学途径尚不清楚。在此，我们的目的是确定与加速度计测量的PA相关的代谢特征，并研究它们与降低卒中发生率的关系。方法利用UK Biobank加速计数据，我们将体力活动分为总体力活动（TPA）、中度至剧烈体力活动（MVPA）和轻度体力活动（LPA），并将它们与249种核磁共振量化的血浆代谢物联系起来。代谢组学特征（TPA-/MVPA-/ lpa -代谢组学特征）通过内部验证和弹性网络回归建模得到。Cox比例风险模型评估了活动与卒中的关联（根据社会人口统计学/遗传因素进行调整），随后进行了中介分析，以量化代谢组学特征效应。结果通过UK Biobank研究（N = 29445，随访14.1年，513例卒中事件），我们确定了195个TPA、173个MVPA和164个LPA代谢物关联（FDR < 0.05），其中107个、92个和15个分别得到了验证。弹性网衍生的身体活动代谢组学特征（TPA-/ mvpa -代谢组学特征）与身体活动强度相关（r = 0.20 - 0.30, P < 0.001），并与卒中风险降低相关：TPA-代谢组学特征（HR = 0.61, 95% CI: 0.44 - 0.87）；mvpa -代谢组学特征（HR = 0.50, 95%CI: 0.29 - 0.88）。中介分析显示，tpa代谢组学特征和mvpa代谢组学特征解释了12.2%和8.5%的身体活动与卒中的关联（P < 0.001），暗示特定的脂蛋白亚类和脂质是关键的中介。结论tpa代谢组学特征和mvpa代谢组学特征，特别是其中的11个关键代谢物，显著介导了加速度计衍生的身体活动与卒中风险之间的关联。

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引用次数: 0

Associations of Individual Beverage Types and Substitution with Dementia Risk: A UK Biobank Cohort Study 个体饮料类型和替代与痴呆风险的关联：英国生物银行队列研究

IF 4 3区医学 Q1 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY

Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100740

Jung-Hwan Kim , Yu-Jin Kwon , Yaeji Lee , Taehwa Han , Mi Young Lim , Seok-Jae Heo , Ji-Won Lee

Objectives

The role of beverage consumption in dementia prevention, particularly regarding substitution effects and interactions with modifiable risk factors, remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the associations of major beverage types and their substitution effects with the risk of all-cause dementia.

Design

A prospective cohort study.

Setting and participants

We included 118,963 dementia-free participants (2006–2010 baseline) with complete dietary questionnaires from the UK Biobank.

Measurements

Self-reported intake of sugar-sweetened beverages, artificially sweetened beverages, natural juices, coffee, and tea was assessed through 24-h dietary recall. The primary outcome was incident all-cause dementia, ascertained through linked primary care, hospital admission, and mortality registration data. Associations between beverage intake and dementia risk were evaluated using Cox proportional hazards models, yielding hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Substitution modeling assessed the effects of replacing one beverage with another. Interaction analyses explored variations by modifiable risk factors, including obesity, hypertension, depression, or dyslipidemia.

Results

Over 13.45 years, 992 all-cause dementia cases were recorded. Higher sugar-sweetened beverage intake (>1 glass/day) was associated with an increased risk of all-cause dementia (HR, 1.61; 95% CI, 1.28–2.02; P < 0.001). Coffee and tea consumption were associated with a lower risk of all-cause dementia. Substituting sugar-sweetened beverages or artificially sweetened beverages with coffee or tea significantly reduced the risk of all-cause dementia. These protective associations were strongest among individuals with obesity, hypertension, depression, or dyslipidemia.

Conclusion

Replacing sugar-sweetened beverages or artificially sweetened beverages with coffee or tea was associated with a reduced risk of dementia, particularly among individuals with modifiable risk factors. These findings support beverage substitution as a simple, targeted strategy for mitigating the risk of dementia.

饮料消费在痴呆症预防中的作用，特别是在替代效应和与可改变的风险因素的相互作用方面，仍不清楚。本研究旨在评估主要饮料类型及其替代效应与全因痴呆风险的关系。设计前瞻性队列研究。环境和参与者我们纳入了118,963名无痴呆的参与者（2006-2010年基线），并从英国生物库中收集了完整的饮食问卷。测量方法：通过24小时的饮食召回来评估含糖饮料、人工加糖饮料、天然果汁、咖啡和茶的自我报告摄入量。主要结局为偶发性全因痴呆，通过相关的初级保健、住院和死亡率登记数据确定。使用Cox比例风险模型评估饮料摄入量与痴呆风险之间的关系，得出风险比（hr）和95%置信区间（ci）。替代模型评估了用一种饮料代替另一种饮料的效果。相互作用分析探讨了可改变的危险因素的变化，包括肥胖、高血压、抑郁或血脂异常。结果在13.45岁期间，共记录992例全因痴呆病例。较高的含糖饮料摄入量（每天1杯）与全因痴呆风险增加相关（HR, 1.61; 95% CI, 1.28-2.02; P < 0.001）。喝咖啡和茶可以降低患全因痴呆的风险。用咖啡或茶代替含糖饮料或人工加糖饮料可以显著降低患全因痴呆的风险。这些保护性关联在肥胖、高血压、抑郁或血脂异常的个体中最强。结论：用咖啡或茶代替含糖饮料或人工加糖饮料与降低痴呆风险有关，特别是在具有可改变风险因素的个体中。这些发现支持饮料替代作为一种简单的、有针对性的策略来减轻痴呆症的风险。

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引用次数: 0

Association between Age-Friendly Environment, Sarcopenia and Frailty among Older Adults in China: A Longitudinal Study 中国老年人环境、肌肉减少症和虚弱之间的关系：一项纵向研究。

IF 4 3区医学 Q1 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY

Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100725

Xuan Li , Zhi-cheng Yang , Hao Li , Jie Zhang , Ping Zhu , Ming Song , Zhi-hao Wang , Lu Han , Ming Zhong , Bo-ang Hu

Background

Sarcopenia and frailty are interrelated complex geriatric syndromes that are associated with an increased risk of negative health outcomes. The construction of an age-friendly environment (AFE) is a key strategy for promoting health aging, but its associations with sarcopenia and frailty remain unclear. This study aimed to explore the association between AFE and the incidence of sarcopenia and frailty in older adults.

Methods

A total of 3,261 participants aged ≥60 years were included from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). Using a World Health Organization (WHO) AFE framework modified for Chinese context, we constructed an 8-domain, 35-component community environment score. Sarcopenia was defined according to the 2019 consensus guidelines by the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia, while frailty status was assessed using the frailty index (FI). The longitudinal association between AFE score and the risk of developing incident sarcopenia and frailty was evaluated using Cox proportional hazards regression models.

Results

Over a 4-year follow-up, 297 (9.10%) participants developed sarcopenia; and participants with sarcopenia had a higher FI. Compared to the lowest quartile of AFE scores, participants in the highest AFE quartile had a 46% lower risk of incident sarcopenia (HR: 0.54, 95% CI: 0.38−0.77) and a 27% lower risk of incident frailty (HR: 0.73, 95% CI: 0.60−0.90), even after comprehensive confounding adjustment. Subgroup analyses showed a significant interaction between independent ADL and AFE was observed for sarcopenia, while significant interactions by residence and health status were observed for frailty.

Conclusions

Our findings underscore that constructing an age-friendly environment is of great significance for the prevention of incident sarcopenia and frailty among older adults in China.

背景：骨骼肌减少症和虚弱是相互关联的复杂老年综合征，与负面健康结果的风险增加有关。老年友好型环境（AFE）的建设是促进健康老龄化的关键策略，但其与肌肉减少症和虚弱的关系尚不清楚。本研究旨在探讨AFE与老年人肌肉减少症和虚弱发生率之间的关系。方法：从中国健康与退休纵向研究（CHARLS）中纳入3261名年龄≥60岁的参与者。采用世界卫生组织（WHO）的AFE框架，构建了一个8域、35分量的社区环境评分。肌少症是根据亚洲肌少症工作组2019年共识指南定义的，而虚弱状态是使用虚弱指数（FI）评估的。使用Cox比例风险回归模型评估AFE评分与发生肌肉减少症和虚弱的风险之间的纵向关联。结果：在4年的随访中，297名（9.10%）参与者出现了肌肉减少症；肌肉减少症患者的FI更高。与AFE得分最低的四分位数相比，AFE得分最高的四分位数的参与者发生肌肉减少症的风险降低了46% (HR: 0.54, 95% CI: 0.38-0.77)，发生虚弱的风险降低了27% (HR: 0.73, 95% CI: 0.60-0.90)，即使在综合混杂校正后也是如此。亚组分析显示，对于肌肉减少症，独立ADL和AFE之间存在显著的相互作用，而对于虚弱，居住和健康状况之间存在显著的相互作用。结论：我们的研究结果强调了构建老年人友好型环境对于预防中国老年人肌肉减少症和虚弱的发生具有重要意义。

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引用次数: 0

Krill Oil Supplementation and Muscle Health in Older Age: Broad Benefits Without Boundaries? 补充磷虾油和老年肌肉健康：广泛的益处没有界限？

IF 4 3区医学 Q1 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY

Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100767

Riccardo Calvani , Emanuele Marzetti , Anna Picca

引用次数: 0

Do the effects of krill oil supplementation on skeletal muscle function and size in older adults differ by sex, age or BMI: A secondary analysis of a randomised controlled trial 补充磷虾油对老年人骨骼肌功能和大小的影响是否因性别、年龄或体重指数而异：一项随机对照试验的二次分析。

IF 4 3区医学 Q1 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY

Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100747

Oliver Hayman , Saleh AA Alkhedhairi , Emile Combet , Terry J Quinn , Angus M Hunter , Stuart Goodall , Stuart R. Gray

This study examined whether the effects of krill oil supplementation on muscle function and size differ by sex, age or BMI in healthy older adults. This was a secondary exploratory analysis of a previous randomised controlled trial. Men and women aged ≥65 years, with BMI < 35 kg/m² and engaging in <1 h per week of structured exercise, were enrolled in a randomised, double-blind, controlled trial (NCT04048096) between March 2018 and March 2020. Participants received either 4 g/day krill oil or a control oil for 6 months. Ninety-four participants were included (Control n = 45; 27 women, 18 men; Krill n = 49; 26 women, 23 men) with muscle size, strength and neuromuscular function measured before and after the intervention period. Responses to intervention were compared between subgroups by sex (male/female), age (≤70 years/>70 years) and BMI (≤24.9 kg/m²/>25 kg/m²). Increases in muscle strength, size, and physical function in response to krill oil supplementation were comparable across age, sex and BMI subgroups (all P > 0.05). This was similar for neuromuscular measures although increases in the Mwave the response to krill oil supplementation differed by sex, with no change over time in females in either krill or control groups, but an increase in Mwave in males in the krill group (+3.80 [1.72–5.88] mV, p = 0.016) with a tendency for a decrease in the control group (−3.71 [1.58–6.05] mV, p = 0.059). In conclusion, krill oil supplementation improved muscle strength and size in older adults regardless of age, sex and BMI status, although neuromuscular effects of krill oil on membrane excitability, via the Mwave, may be more pronounced in men.

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04048096

本研究考察了在健康老年人中，磷虾油补充对肌肉功能和大小的影响是否因性别、年龄或体重指数而异。这是对先前随机对照试验的二次探索性分析。男女年龄≥65岁，BMI < 35 kg/m2，从事70岁)，BMI（≤24.9 kg/m2/ bb0 ~ 25 kg/m2）。添加磷虾油后肌肉力量、大小和身体功能的增加在不同年龄、性别和BMI亚组之间具有可比性（均P < 0.05）。虽然对磷虾油补充的Mwave的增加因性别而异，但在磷虾组和对照组中，雌性的Mwave没有随时间变化，但磷虾组雄性的Mwave增加了（+3.80 [1.72-5.88]mV, p = 0.016），而对照组的Mwave有下降的趋势（-3.71 [1.58-6.05]mV, p = 0.059）。综上所述，尽管磷虾油通过Mwave对神经肌肉膜兴奋性的影响在男性中更为明显，但无论年龄、性别和体重指数如何，补充磷虾油都能改善老年人的肌肉力量和大小。ClinicalTrials.gov标识符：NCT04048096。

{"title":"Do the effects of krill oil supplementation on skeletal muscle function and size in older adults differ by sex, age or BMI: A secondary analysis of a randomised controlled trial","authors":"Oliver Hayman , Saleh AA Alkhedhairi , Emile Combet , Terry J Quinn , Angus M Hunter , Stuart Goodall , Stuart R. Gray","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100747","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100747","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examined whether the effects of krill oil supplementation on muscle function and size differ by sex, age or BMI in healthy older adults. This was a secondary exploratory analysis of a previous randomised controlled trial. Men and women aged ≥65 years, with BMI < 35 kg/m² and engaging in <1 h per week of structured exercise, were enrolled in a randomised, double-blind, controlled trial (NCT04048096) between March 2018 and March 2020. Participants received either 4 g/day krill oil or a control oil for 6 months. Ninety-four participants were included (Control n = 45; 27 women, 18 men; Krill n = 49; 26 women, 23 men) with muscle size, strength and neuromuscular function measured before and after the intervention period. Responses to intervention were compared between subgroups by sex (male/female), age (≤70 years/>70 years) and BMI (≤24.9 kg/m<sup>2</sup>/>25 kg/m<sup>2</sup>). Increases in muscle strength, size, and physical function in response to krill oil supplementation were comparable across age, sex and BMI subgroups (all P > 0.05). This was similar for neuromuscular measures although increases in the Mwave the response to krill oil supplementation differed by sex, with no change over time in females in either krill or control groups, but an increase in Mwave in males in the krill group (+3.80 [1.72–5.88] mV, p = 0.016) with a tendency for a decrease in the control group (−3.71 [1.58–6.05] mV, p = 0.059). In conclusion, krill oil supplementation improved muscle strength and size in older adults regardless of age, sex and BMI status, although neuromuscular effects of krill oil on membrane excitability, via the Mwave, may be more pronounced in men.</div><div>ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04048096</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":"30 1","pages":"Article 100747"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145679442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of nutritional guidance on frailty in older adults: A systematic review 营养指导对老年人虚弱的影响：一项系统综述

IF 4 3区医学 Q1 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY

Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100756

Tatsuya Koyama , Junko Nohara , Mieko Nakamura

Background

Frailty is a prevalent geriatric syndrome associated with risk of disability, hospitalization, and mortality. Despite nutrition and exercise playing central roles in maintaining muscle mass and function, the specific effects of nutritional guidance, distinct from supplementation, remain unclear.

Objective

This systematic review aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of nutritional guidance interventions on frailty in community-dwelling older adults.

Methods

A systematic search in MEDLINE (PubMed) identified relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published up to April 2025. Eligible studies included those with participants aged ≥65 years who received nutritional guidance, defined as dietary counseling or education without supplementation, with frailty status as the primary outcome measure. The risk of bias was assessed using Cochrane RoB 2.0.

Results

From 211 initial records, 11 relevant RCTs were included in the analyses. The interventions varied in duration (12 weeks to 8 years), delivery (individual or group sessions), and implementers (dietitians, health professionals, or non-professionals). Short-term interventions produced mixed results, whereas long-term programs, particularly those combined with exercise, showed more consistent improvements in frailty measures. Individually tailored and professionally delivered interventions were generally more effective. However, substantial heterogeneity in intervention design, frailty definitions, and outcome measures limited comparability across studies. Few trials quantitatively assessed dietary intake, restricting mechanistic understanding.

Conclusion

Nutritional guidance can help prevent or improve frailty in older adults, especially when implemented as a long-term, individualized, and professionally delivered program, ideally combined with physical activity. Future research should adopt standardized frailty criteria, reliable dietary assessment methods, and multidisciplinary approaches to strengthen the evidence and inform sustainable strategies for healthy aging.

背景：虚弱是一种普遍的老年综合征，与残疾、住院和死亡风险相关。尽管营养和运动在维持肌肉质量和功能方面发挥着核心作用，但与补充不同，营养指导的具体效果尚不清楚。目的本系统综述旨在评价营养指导干预对社区老年人虚弱的有效性。方法在MEDLINE （PubMed）系统检索截至2025年4月发表的相关随机对照试验（RCTs）。符合条件的研究包括受试者年龄≥65岁，接受营养指导，定义为饮食咨询或无补充教育，以虚弱状态为主要结局指标的研究。偏倚风险采用Cochrane RoB 2.0进行评估。结果从211份初始记录中纳入11项相关rct。干预措施在持续时间（12周至8年）、实施（个人或小组会议）和实施人员（营养师、卫生专业人员或非专业人员）方面各不相同。短期干预产生了好坏参半的结果，而长期计划，特别是那些与运动相结合的计划，在虚弱指标上显示出更持续的改善。个别定制和专业提供的干预措施通常更有效。然而，干预设计、脆弱定义和结果测量的实质性异质性限制了研究之间的可比性。很少有试验定量评估膳食摄入量，限制了对机理的理解。结论营养指导有助于预防或改善老年人的虚弱，特别是当作为一个长期的、个性化的、专业的项目实施时，最好与体育活动相结合。未来的研究应采用标准化的衰弱标准、可靠的饮食评估方法和多学科方法，以加强证据，并为健康老龄化的可持续战略提供信息。

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引用次数: 0

Potential causes of malnutrition in older adults in primary healthcare—A cross-sectional study 初级卫生保健中老年人营养不良的潜在原因——横断面研究

IF 4 3区医学 Q1 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY

Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100745

Stefan Pfannkuch , Rainer Wirth , Ulrike Trampisch , Dorothee Volkert , Maryam Pourhassan

Objectives

To evaluate the prevalence of the Determinants of Malnutrition in Aged Persons (DoMAP) and identify determinants of malnutrition among older adults attending primary healthcare.

Design and setting

Prospective, observational, monocentric study in primary healthcare.

Participants

500 older adults.

Measurements

Malnutrition was diagnosed using the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria. Potential causes of malnutrition were assessed by the attending physician using the DoMAP model with a 1:1 recruitment of malnourished and non-malnourished older persons.

Results

Malnourished individuals (mean age 81.7 ± 5.0 years; 59% women) exhibited a significantly higher prevalence of almost all DoMAP determinants compared to non-malnourished persons, particularly low intake (88 vs. 11%), high requirements (83 vs. 49%), poor appetite (73 vs. 9%), shopping difficulties (59 vs. 26%), inflammation (81 vs. 49%), gastrointestinal disease (17 vs. 2%), cancer (11 vs. 1%), depression (35 vs. 19%), dementia (21 vs. 6%), polypharmacy (60 vs. 38%), and hospitalization (27 vs. 4%). The mean total determinants count was significantly higher in malnourished participants (14.9 ± 5.0) than in non-malnourished ones (6.8 ± 4.4; p < 0.001). Regression analysis revealed low intake as the strongest determinant at Level1; poor appetite, forgetting to eat, shopping difficulties and inflammation at Level2; gastrointestinal disease, cancer and depression at Level3, and frailty and hospitalization at Level4.

Conclusion

This study highlights the complex multifactorial nature of malnutrition in older adults attending primary healthcare, confirming the superior role of low intake and poor appetite among other determinants. The DoMAP model offers a structured framework for potential causative factors of malnutrition in older subjects.

目的评估老年人营养不良决定因素（DoMAP）的患病率，并确定参加初级保健的老年人营养不良决定因素。设计和背景：初级卫生保健前瞻性、观察性、单中心研究。参与者为500名老年人。测量方法：根据全球营养不良领导倡议（GLIM）标准诊断营养不良。营养不良的潜在原因由主治医生使用DoMAP模型进行评估，营养不良和非营养不良老年人的比例为1:1。结果营养不良者平均年龄81.7±5.0岁；与非营养不良的人相比，59%的女性表现出几乎所有DoMAP决定因素的患病率明显更高，特别是低摄入量（88比11%）、高需要量（83比49%）、食欲不振（73比9%）、购物困难（59比26%）、炎症（81比49%）、胃肠道疾病（17比2%）、癌症（11比1%）、抑郁症（35比19%）、痴呆（21比6%）、多种药物（60比38%）和住院（27比4%）。营养不良参与者的平均总决定因子计数（14.9±5.0）显著高于非营养不良参与者（6.8±4.4;p < 0.001）。回归分析显示低摄入量在Level1水平上是最强的决定因素；食欲不振、忘食、购物困难、2级炎症；胃肠疾病、癌症和抑郁为3级，虚弱和住院为4级。结论：本研究强调了接受初级保健的老年人营养不良的复杂多因素性质，证实了低摄入量和食欲不良在其他决定因素中的优越作用。DoMAP模型为老年人营养不良的潜在致病因素提供了一个结构化的框架。

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引用次数: 0

Response to the Letter to the Editor concerning “Association between cMIND diet adherence and frailty among Chinese older adults: A 10-year longitudinal study” 关于“中国老年人坚持cMIND饮食与身体虚弱的关系：一项为期10年的纵向研究”致编者的回复

IF 4 3区医学 Q1 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY

Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100742

Lin Yang, Jing Shu

引用次数: 0

Anthropometrically estimated calf muscle circumference is a marker for early detection of muscle mass decline in older adults: Second report 人体测量法估计小腿肌肉周长是早期检测老年人肌肉质量下降的标志：第二份报告

IF 4 3区医学 Q1 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY

Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100729

Ryo Sato , Yohei Sawaya , Tamaki Hirose , Takahiro Shiba , Lu Yin , Shuntaro Tsuji , Tomohiko Urano

引用次数: 0