Pub Date : 2025-01-08DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100467
Héctor Vázquez-Lorente , Jiaqi Ni , Nancy Babio , Ana García-Arellano , Dora Romaguera , J. Alfredo Martínez , Ramon Estruch , Vicente Martín Sánchez , Josep Vidal , Montserrat Fitó , Maira Bes-Rastrollo , Jadwiga Konieczna , Diego Martinez-Urbistondo , Rosa Casas , Marcos García-Fernández , Romina Paula Olbeyra , Alice Chaplin , M. Angeles Zulet , Jordi Salas-Salvadó
Background
Adequate intake of vitamin D through diet may offer benefits in terms of body composition.
Objectives
We aimed to evaluate the longitudinal relationship between dietary vitamin D intake and changes in body composition in older adults over one and three years under the context of a weight loss and lifestyle behavioral intervention.
Design
Longitudinal study.
Setting
Multicenter.
Participants
This longitudinal study included 715 aged participants (mean age 65.3 ± 5.0 years, 38% women) with overweight/obesity and metabolic syndrome.
Measurements
Multivariable-adjusted mixed-effects linear regression models were fitted to investigate the longitudinal associations between dietary vitamin D intake (exposure) and body composition (outcome) with available data at baseline, one, and three years of follow-up. Data on dietary vitamin D intake was assessed using a validated 143-item food frequency questionnaire. Body composition variables (total body weight (kg), total fat mass (%), total lean mass (%), muscle-to-fat mass ratio, visceral adipose tissue (kg), and android-to-gynoid fat ratio) were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.
Results
Higher dietary vitamin D intake (for each μg/day) was associated with higher total lean mass (β: 0.10 %; 95% CI: 0.02 to 0.18; P: 0.017) and muscle-to-fat mass ratio (β: 1.00 × 10−2; 95% CI: 0.22 × 10−2 to 1.78 × 10−2; P: 0.011), and lower total body weight (β: −0.20 kg; 95% CI: −0.34 to −0.05; P: 0.007), total fat mass (β: −0.11 %; 95% CI: −0.19 to −0.02; P: 0.015), and visceral adipose tissue (β: −1.74 × 10−2 kg; 95% CI: −3.47 × 10−2 to −0.01 × 10−2; P: 0.048) at one year of follow-up in the group following the intervention in the multivariable-adjusted model.
Conclusion
Dietary vitamin D intake was associated with better body composition changes in the context of a weight loss and lifestyle intervention which led to notable changes in body composition at short term.
{"title":"Dietary vitamin D intake and changes in body composition over three years in older adults with metabolic syndrome","authors":"Héctor Vázquez-Lorente , Jiaqi Ni , Nancy Babio , Ana García-Arellano , Dora Romaguera , J. Alfredo Martínez , Ramon Estruch , Vicente Martín Sánchez , Josep Vidal , Montserrat Fitó , Maira Bes-Rastrollo , Jadwiga Konieczna , Diego Martinez-Urbistondo , Rosa Casas , Marcos García-Fernández , Romina Paula Olbeyra , Alice Chaplin , M. Angeles Zulet , Jordi Salas-Salvadó","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100467","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100467","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Adequate intake of vitamin D through diet may offer benefits in terms of body composition.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>We aimed to evaluate the longitudinal relationship between dietary vitamin D intake and changes in body composition in older adults over one and three years under the context of a weight loss and lifestyle behavioral intervention.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>Longitudinal study.</div></div><div><h3>Setting</h3><div>Multicenter.</div></div><div><h3>Participants</h3><div>This longitudinal study included 715 aged participants (mean age 65.3 ± 5.0 years, 38% women) with overweight/obesity and metabolic syndrome.</div></div><div><h3>Measurements</h3><div>Multivariable-adjusted mixed-effects linear regression models were fitted to investigate the longitudinal associations between dietary vitamin D intake (exposure) and body composition (outcome) with available data at baseline, one, and three years of follow-up. Data on dietary vitamin D intake was assessed using a validated 143-item food frequency questionnaire. Body composition variables (total body weight (kg), total fat mass (%), total lean mass (%), muscle-to-fat mass ratio, visceral adipose tissue (kg), and android-to-gynoid fat ratio) were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Higher dietary vitamin D intake (for each μg/day) was associated with higher total lean mass (β: 0.10 %; 95% CI: 0.02 to 0.18; P: 0.017) and muscle-to-fat mass ratio (β: 1.00 × 10<sup>−2</sup>; 95% CI: 0.22 × 10<sup>−2</sup> to 1.78 × 10<sup>−2</sup>; P: 0.011), and lower total body weight (β: −0.20 kg; 95% CI: −0.34 to −0.05; P: 0.007), total fat mass (β: −0.11 %; 95% CI: −0.19 to −0.02; P: 0.015), and visceral adipose tissue (β: −1.74 × 10<sup>−2</sup> kg; 95% CI: −3.47 × 10<sup>−2</sup> to −0.01 × 10<sup>−2</sup>; P: 0.048) at one year of follow-up in the group following the intervention in the multivariable-adjusted model.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Dietary vitamin D intake was associated with better body composition changes in the context of a weight loss and lifestyle intervention which led to notable changes in body composition at short term.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":"29 3","pages":"Article 100467"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142959087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100421
Adrian Bauman
{"title":"Commentary on Izquierdo (2024): Where next for exercise recommendations for healthy longevity in older adults?","authors":"Adrian Bauman","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100421","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100421","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":" ","pages":"100421"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142916154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01Epub Date: 2024-12-05DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100425
Anni Karjala, Jatta Salmela, Elina Mauramo, Aino Salonsalmi, Ossi Rahkonen, Tea Lallukka
Objectives: Socioeconomic differences in fruit and vegetable (F&V) consumption are recognized, but little is known about how these differences develop when moving from mid-life to older adulthood. We investigated the longitudinal changes in socioeconomic differences in F&V consumption in an ageing Finnish cohort, using occupational class as a measure of socioeconomic position. Additionally, we examined whether socioeconomic differences in F&V consumption changed over retirement transition.
Design: An observational longitudinal cohort study with a 15-17-year follow-up.
Setting and participants: The survey data used in this study were collected in four phases: 2000-02, 2007, 2012 and 2017. We included 2719 women who were 40-60-year-old in Phase 1. All participants transitioned to statutory retirement during the follow-up.
Measurements: F&V consumption was measured in each phase as a part of a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and determined by the number of F&V consumption times per 4 weeks. We used linear mixed modeling for the analyses, and used age, marital status, education, income and BMI as covariates.
Results: We found marked differences between occupational classes in F&V consumption. Semi-professionals used F&V most often and manual workers least often. In Phase 1, semi-professionals had 14.5 consumption times more per 4 weeks than manual workers, which is equivalent to ca. 0.5 daily consumption times. Differences between occupational classes showed a transient decrease in the beginning of the follow-up, followed by an increasing trend towards the last study phase. However, these changes were modest and overall differences between occupational classes changed only little over the follow-up period. Retirement did not markedly contribute to occupational class differences in F&V consumption.
Conclusions: Our findings suggest that the socioeconomic differences in F&V consumption seen in mid-life persist in older adulthood and over retirement transition. The results imply that means to reduce socioeconomic differences in F&V use should be actively sought to support healthy ageing and reduce socioeconomic health differences in ageing populations. Workplace could be a fruitful ground for targeting these interventions.
{"title":"Changes in socioeconomic differences in fruit and vegetable consumption among statutorily retiring women: A longitudinal cohort study.","authors":"Anni Karjala, Jatta Salmela, Elina Mauramo, Aino Salonsalmi, Ossi Rahkonen, Tea Lallukka","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100425","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100425","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Socioeconomic differences in fruit and vegetable (F&V) consumption are recognized, but little is known about how these differences develop when moving from mid-life to older adulthood. We investigated the longitudinal changes in socioeconomic differences in F&V consumption in an ageing Finnish cohort, using occupational class as a measure of socioeconomic position. Additionally, we examined whether socioeconomic differences in F&V consumption changed over retirement transition.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>An observational longitudinal cohort study with a 15-17-year follow-up.</p><p><strong>Setting and participants: </strong>The survey data used in this study were collected in four phases: 2000-02, 2007, 2012 and 2017. We included 2719 women who were 40-60-year-old in Phase 1. All participants transitioned to statutory retirement during the follow-up.</p><p><strong>Measurements: </strong>F&V consumption was measured in each phase as a part of a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and determined by the number of F&V consumption times per 4 weeks. We used linear mixed modeling for the analyses, and used age, marital status, education, income and BMI as covariates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found marked differences between occupational classes in F&V consumption. Semi-professionals used F&V most often and manual workers least often. In Phase 1, semi-professionals had 14.5 consumption times more per 4 weeks than manual workers, which is equivalent to ca. 0.5 daily consumption times. Differences between occupational classes showed a transient decrease in the beginning of the follow-up, followed by an increasing trend towards the last study phase. However, these changes were modest and overall differences between occupational classes changed only little over the follow-up period. Retirement did not markedly contribute to occupational class differences in F&V consumption.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings suggest that the socioeconomic differences in F&V consumption seen in mid-life persist in older adulthood and over retirement transition. The results imply that means to reduce socioeconomic differences in F&V use should be actively sought to support healthy ageing and reduce socioeconomic health differences in ageing populations. Workplace could be a fruitful ground for targeting these interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":"29 1","pages":"100425"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142792697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100413
Abby C King
{"title":"Enabling the promise of healthy longevity through regular physical activity: Navigating the challenges and unlocking the opportunities.","authors":"Abby C King","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100413","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100413","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":" ","pages":"100413"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142916159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100401
Mikel Izquierdo, Philipe de Souto Barreto, Hidenori Arai, Heike A Bischoff-Ferrari, Eduardo L Cadore, Matteo Cesari, Liang-Kung Chen, Paul M Coen, Kerry S Courneya, Gustavo Duque, Luigi Ferrucci, Roger A Fielding, Antonio García-Hermoso, Luis Miguel Gutiérrez-Robledo, Stephen D R Harridge, Ben Kirk, Stephen Kritchevsky, Francesco Landi, Norman Lazarus, Teresa Liu-Ambrose, Emanuele Marzetti, Reshma A Merchant, John E Morley, Kaisu H Pitkälä, Robinson Ramírez-Vélez, Leocadio Rodriguez-Mañas, Yves Rolland, Jorge G Ruiz, Mikel L Sáez de Asteasu, Dennis T Villareal, Debra L Waters, Chang Won Won, Bruno Vellas, Maria A Fiatarone Singh
<p><p>Aging, a universal and inevitable process, is characterized by a progressive accumulation of physiological alterations and functional decline over time, leading to increased vulnerability to diseases and ultimately mortality as age advances. Lifestyle factors, notably physical activity (PA) and exercise, significantly modulate aging phenotypes. Physical activity and exercise can prevent or ameliorate lifestyle-related diseases, extend health span, enhance physical function, and reduce the burden of non-communicable chronic diseases including cardiometabolic disease, cancer, musculoskeletal and neurological conditions, and chronic respiratory diseases as well as premature mortality. Physical activity influences the cellular and molecular drivers of biological aging, slowing aging rates-a foundational aspect of geroscience. Thus, PA serves both as preventive medicine and therapeutic agent in pathological states. Sub-optimal PA levels correlate with increased disease prevalence in aging populations. Structured exercise prescriptions should therefore be customized and monitored like any other medical treatment, considering the dose-response relationships and specific adaptations necessary for intended outcomes. Current guidelines recommend a multifaceted exercise regimen that includes aerobic, resistance, balance, and flexibility training through structured and incidental (integrated lifestyle) activities. Tailored exercise programs have proven effective in helping older adults maintain their functional capacities, extending their health span, and enhancing their quality of life. Particularly important are anabolic exercises, such as Progressive resistance training (PRT), which are indispensable for maintaining or improving functional capacity in older adults, particularly those with frailty, sarcopenia or osteoporosis, or those hospitalized or in residential aged care. Multicomponent exercise interventions that include cognitive tasks significantly enhance the hallmarks of frailty (low body mass, strength, mobility, PA level, and energy) and cognitive function, thus preventing falls and optimizing functional capacity during aging. Importantly, PA/exercise displays dose-response characteristics and varies between individuals, necessitating personalized modalities tailored to specific medical conditions. Precision in exercise prescriptions remains a significant area of further research, given the global impact of aging and broad effects of PA. Economic analyses underscore the cost benefits of exercise programs, justifying broader integration into health care for older adults. However, despite these benefits, exercise is far from fully integrated into medical practice for older people. Many healthcare professionals, including geriatricians, need more training to incorporate exercise directly into patient care, whether in settings including hospitals, outpatient clinics, or residential care. Education about the use of exercise as isolated or adjun
{"title":"Global consensus on optimal exercise recommendations for enhancing healthy longevity in older adults (ICFSR).","authors":"Mikel Izquierdo, Philipe de Souto Barreto, Hidenori Arai, Heike A Bischoff-Ferrari, Eduardo L Cadore, Matteo Cesari, Liang-Kung Chen, Paul M Coen, Kerry S Courneya, Gustavo Duque, Luigi Ferrucci, Roger A Fielding, Antonio García-Hermoso, Luis Miguel Gutiérrez-Robledo, Stephen D R Harridge, Ben Kirk, Stephen Kritchevsky, Francesco Landi, Norman Lazarus, Teresa Liu-Ambrose, Emanuele Marzetti, Reshma A Merchant, John E Morley, Kaisu H Pitkälä, Robinson Ramírez-Vélez, Leocadio Rodriguez-Mañas, Yves Rolland, Jorge G Ruiz, Mikel L Sáez de Asteasu, Dennis T Villareal, Debra L Waters, Chang Won Won, Bruno Vellas, Maria A Fiatarone Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100401","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100401","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aging, a universal and inevitable process, is characterized by a progressive accumulation of physiological alterations and functional decline over time, leading to increased vulnerability to diseases and ultimately mortality as age advances. Lifestyle factors, notably physical activity (PA) and exercise, significantly modulate aging phenotypes. Physical activity and exercise can prevent or ameliorate lifestyle-related diseases, extend health span, enhance physical function, and reduce the burden of non-communicable chronic diseases including cardiometabolic disease, cancer, musculoskeletal and neurological conditions, and chronic respiratory diseases as well as premature mortality. Physical activity influences the cellular and molecular drivers of biological aging, slowing aging rates-a foundational aspect of geroscience. Thus, PA serves both as preventive medicine and therapeutic agent in pathological states. Sub-optimal PA levels correlate with increased disease prevalence in aging populations. Structured exercise prescriptions should therefore be customized and monitored like any other medical treatment, considering the dose-response relationships and specific adaptations necessary for intended outcomes. Current guidelines recommend a multifaceted exercise regimen that includes aerobic, resistance, balance, and flexibility training through structured and incidental (integrated lifestyle) activities. Tailored exercise programs have proven effective in helping older adults maintain their functional capacities, extending their health span, and enhancing their quality of life. Particularly important are anabolic exercises, such as Progressive resistance training (PRT), which are indispensable for maintaining or improving functional capacity in older adults, particularly those with frailty, sarcopenia or osteoporosis, or those hospitalized or in residential aged care. Multicomponent exercise interventions that include cognitive tasks significantly enhance the hallmarks of frailty (low body mass, strength, mobility, PA level, and energy) and cognitive function, thus preventing falls and optimizing functional capacity during aging. Importantly, PA/exercise displays dose-response characteristics and varies between individuals, necessitating personalized modalities tailored to specific medical conditions. Precision in exercise prescriptions remains a significant area of further research, given the global impact of aging and broad effects of PA. Economic analyses underscore the cost benefits of exercise programs, justifying broader integration into health care for older adults. However, despite these benefits, exercise is far from fully integrated into medical practice for older people. Many healthcare professionals, including geriatricians, need more training to incorporate exercise directly into patient care, whether in settings including hospitals, outpatient clinics, or residential care. Education about the use of exercise as isolated or adjun","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":" ","pages":"100401"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142916161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objectives: The utility of the updated Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) criteria in diagnosing sarcopenia in older patients with heart failure (HF) remains unclear.
Objective: To analyze the prevalence and prognostic impact of sarcopenia diagnosed by the updated AWGS criteria in older patients with HF.
Design: Ambispective cohort study.
Setting & subjects: 534 older patients with HF from a university hospital in Japan.
Measurements: Sarcopenia was assessed using different versions of the AWGS criteria: AWGS 2014, AWGS 2019H (muscle mass relative to height squared), and AWGS 2019B (muscle mass relative to BMI). The primary endpoint was all-cause mortality at three years post-discharge.
Results: Of 534 patients, 42%, 57%, and 44% were diagnosed with sarcopenia according to AWGS 2014, AWGS 2019H, AWGS 2019B, respectively. Among patients without AWGS 2014-defined sarcopenia, 23% were reclassified as having sarcopenia by AWGS 2019H criteria. Forty-four percent of sarcopenic patients diagnosed by AWGS 2019H were re-classified as non-sarcopenic by AWGS 2019B, with lower fat mass and poorer nutritional status. After the multivariate Cox proportional hazard analyses, an association between all-cause death and sarcopenia remained significant for AWGS 2014 (hazard ratio [HR], 1.55; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01-2.37) and AWGS 2019H (HR, 1.65; 95% CI, 1.05-2.59), but not for AWGS 2019B (HR, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.64-1.51).
Conclusion: The updated AWGS 2019H criteria detected more sarcopenic patients with HF while maintaining favorable predictive ability. The use of BMI-adjusted muscle mass reclassified underweight and malnourished patients as non-sarcopenic, limiting its impact on the mortality prediction in older patients with HF.
{"title":"Prognostic implication of sarcopenia diagnosed by updated Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia criteria in older patients with heart failure: Utility and limitation.","authors":"Satoshi Katano, Kotaro Yamano, Toshiyuki Yano, Ryo Numazawa, Ryohei Nagaoka, Suguru Honma, Yusuke Fujisawa, Yasuhiro Miki, Yuhei Takamura, Hayato Kunihara, Hiroya Fujisaki, Hidemichi Kouzu, Katsuhiko Ohori, Masaki Katayose, Akiyoshi Hashimoto, Masato Furuhashi","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100434","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100434","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The utility of the updated Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) criteria in diagnosing sarcopenia in older patients with heart failure (HF) remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To analyze the prevalence and prognostic impact of sarcopenia diagnosed by the updated AWGS criteria in older patients with HF.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Ambispective cohort study.</p><p><strong>Setting & subjects: </strong>534 older patients with HF from a university hospital in Japan.</p><p><strong>Measurements: </strong>Sarcopenia was assessed using different versions of the AWGS criteria: AWGS 2014, AWGS 2019H (muscle mass relative to height squared), and AWGS 2019B (muscle mass relative to BMI). The primary endpoint was all-cause mortality at three years post-discharge.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 534 patients, 42%, 57%, and 44% were diagnosed with sarcopenia according to AWGS 2014, AWGS 2019H, AWGS 2019B, respectively. Among patients without AWGS 2014-defined sarcopenia, 23% were reclassified as having sarcopenia by AWGS 2019H criteria. Forty-four percent of sarcopenic patients diagnosed by AWGS 2019H were re-classified as non-sarcopenic by AWGS 2019B, with lower fat mass and poorer nutritional status. After the multivariate Cox proportional hazard analyses, an association between all-cause death and sarcopenia remained significant for AWGS 2014 (hazard ratio [HR], 1.55; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01-2.37) and AWGS 2019H (HR, 1.65; 95% CI, 1.05-2.59), but not for AWGS 2019B (HR, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.64-1.51).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The updated AWGS 2019H criteria detected more sarcopenic patients with HF while maintaining favorable predictive ability. The use of BMI-adjusted muscle mass reclassified underweight and malnourished patients as non-sarcopenic, limiting its impact on the mortality prediction in older patients with HF.</p>","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":"29 1","pages":"100434"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142792705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01Epub Date: 2024-12-31DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100411
Mikel Izquierdo, Maria A Fiatarone Singh
{"title":"Evidence-based exercise enhances healthy aging.","authors":"Mikel Izquierdo, Maria A Fiatarone Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100411","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100411","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":"29 1","pages":"100411"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142924075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01Epub Date: 2024-12-06DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100431
Qian Zhu, Xiaoxin Liu, Yuan Qu, Yan Jiang, Xinyi Liu, Yu Xiao, Kangjia Lv, Yupeng Xu, Kun Liu
<p><strong>Background: </strong>Retinal sublayer thickness is associated with both ophthalmic and neurodegenerative diseases, serving as a valuable biomarker. Despite the established role of diet in chronic disease prevention, the relationship between healthy dietary patterns and retinal sublayer thickness remains underexplored.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to investigate the associations between four commonly used diet assessment scores and retinal sublayer thickness in a large-scale population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study utilized data from the UK Biobank, including 13,993 participants with complete optical coherence tomography (OCT) measurements and dietary assessments. The dietary patterns analyzed were the Alternate Mediterranean Diet (AMED), Anti-Empirical Dietary Inflammatory Index (AEDII), Alternate Healthy Eating Index-2010 (AHEI-2010), and Healthful Plant-Based Diet Index (HPDI). Retinal sublayers measured included macular retinal nerve fiber layer (mRNFL), macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (mGCIPL), macular ganglion cell complex (mGCC), retinal pigment epithelium (mRPE), the outer nuclear layer of the central subfield (ONL), photoreceptor inner segment of the central subfield (IS) and total macular thickness. Multivariable linear regression models adjusted for demographics, ophthalmic measurements, and lifestyle factors were employed to examine associations. Mediation analysis was applied to explore the potential mediation effect of several blood biochemical indicators in simple mediation models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Higher HPDI scores were significantly associated with increased central retinal macular thickness (β = 0.106, p = 0.001), mGCIPL thickness (β = 0.017, p = 0.033), mRPE (β = -0.012, p = 0.161), ONL (β = 0.044, p = 0.003), IS (β = 0.003, p = 0.005) and mGCC thickness (β = 0.027, p = 0.025). In contrast, the AMED, AEDII, and AHEI-2010 scores did not show consistent associations with retinal sublayer thickness except ONL and IS. The mediation analysis revealed that cholesterol acted as a suppressor variable, partially mediating the relationship between HPDI and retinal sublayer thickness. Sensitivity analyses indicated that the associations between HPDI and retinal sublayer thickness were more pronounced in younger individuals and females. Additionally, the variability in associations across different age and sex subgroups highlighted the potential influence of demographic factors on dietary impacts.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study findings suggest that adherence to a healthful plant-based diet may confer neuroprotective benefits, particularly for retinal ganglion cell health. This large-scale population-based study underscores the potential role of diet in mitigating early neurodegenerative changes detectable through non-invasive retinal imaging. Further longitudinal research is needed to establish causal relationships and elucidate the underlying mechanism
背景：视网膜下层厚度与眼部和神经退行性疾病相关，是一种有价值的生物标志物。尽管饮食在慢性疾病预防中的作用已经确立，但健康饮食模式与视网膜亚层厚度之间的关系仍未得到充分探讨。目的：本研究旨在探讨四种常用饮食评估评分与大规模人群视网膜亚层厚度之间的关系。方法：本研究利用英国生物银行的数据，包括13993名参与者，他们进行了完整的光学相干断层扫描（OCT）测量和饮食评估。分析的饮食模式为替代地中海饮食（AMED）、抗经验饮食炎症指数（AEDII）、替代健康饮食指数-2010 （AHEI-2010）和健康植物性饮食指数（HPDI）。测量的视网膜亚层包括黄斑视网膜神经纤维层（mRNFL）、黄斑神经节细胞-内丛状层（mGCIPL）、黄斑神经节细胞复合体（mGCC）、视网膜色素上皮（mRPE）、中央亚野外核层（ONL）、中央亚野光感受器内段（IS）和黄斑总厚度。采用调整了人口统计学、眼科测量和生活方式因素的多变量线性回归模型来检验相关性。采用中介分析方法，探讨几种血液生化指标在简单中介模型中的潜在中介作用。结果：较高的HPDI评分与视网膜中央黄斑厚度（β = 0.106, p = 0.001）、mGCIPL厚度（β = 0.017, p = 0.033）、mRPE （β = -0.012, p = 0.161）、ONL （β = 0.044, p = 0.003）、IS （β = 0.003, p = 0.005）、mGCC厚度（β = 0.027, p = 0.025）增加相关。相比之下，除了ONL和IS外，AMED、AEDII和AHEI-2010评分与视网膜亚层厚度没有一致的关联。中介分析显示，胆固醇作为抑制变量，部分中介HPDI与视网膜亚层厚度之间的关系。敏感性分析表明，在年轻个体和女性中，HPDI和视网膜亚层厚度之间的关联更为明显。此外，不同年龄和性别亚组之间的关联变异性强调了人口因素对饮食影响的潜在影响。结论：研究结果表明，坚持健康的植物性饮食可能具有神经保护作用，特别是对视网膜神经节细胞的健康。这项大规模的基于人群的研究强调了饮食在减轻通过非侵入性视网膜成像检测到的早期神经退行性变化中的潜在作用。需要进一步的纵向研究来建立因果关系并阐明饮食与视网膜健康之间的潜在机制。
{"title":"Neuroprotective effects of healthful plant-based diets on retinal structure: insights from a large cohort.","authors":"Qian Zhu, Xiaoxin Liu, Yuan Qu, Yan Jiang, Xinyi Liu, Yu Xiao, Kangjia Lv, Yupeng Xu, Kun Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100431","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100431","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Retinal sublayer thickness is associated with both ophthalmic and neurodegenerative diseases, serving as a valuable biomarker. Despite the established role of diet in chronic disease prevention, the relationship between healthy dietary patterns and retinal sublayer thickness remains underexplored.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to investigate the associations between four commonly used diet assessment scores and retinal sublayer thickness in a large-scale population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study utilized data from the UK Biobank, including 13,993 participants with complete optical coherence tomography (OCT) measurements and dietary assessments. The dietary patterns analyzed were the Alternate Mediterranean Diet (AMED), Anti-Empirical Dietary Inflammatory Index (AEDII), Alternate Healthy Eating Index-2010 (AHEI-2010), and Healthful Plant-Based Diet Index (HPDI). Retinal sublayers measured included macular retinal nerve fiber layer (mRNFL), macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (mGCIPL), macular ganglion cell complex (mGCC), retinal pigment epithelium (mRPE), the outer nuclear layer of the central subfield (ONL), photoreceptor inner segment of the central subfield (IS) and total macular thickness. Multivariable linear regression models adjusted for demographics, ophthalmic measurements, and lifestyle factors were employed to examine associations. Mediation analysis was applied to explore the potential mediation effect of several blood biochemical indicators in simple mediation models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Higher HPDI scores were significantly associated with increased central retinal macular thickness (β = 0.106, p = 0.001), mGCIPL thickness (β = 0.017, p = 0.033), mRPE (β = -0.012, p = 0.161), ONL (β = 0.044, p = 0.003), IS (β = 0.003, p = 0.005) and mGCC thickness (β = 0.027, p = 0.025). In contrast, the AMED, AEDII, and AHEI-2010 scores did not show consistent associations with retinal sublayer thickness except ONL and IS. The mediation analysis revealed that cholesterol acted as a suppressor variable, partially mediating the relationship between HPDI and retinal sublayer thickness. Sensitivity analyses indicated that the associations between HPDI and retinal sublayer thickness were more pronounced in younger individuals and females. Additionally, the variability in associations across different age and sex subgroups highlighted the potential influence of demographic factors on dietary impacts.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study findings suggest that adherence to a healthful plant-based diet may confer neuroprotective benefits, particularly for retinal ganglion cell health. This large-scale population-based study underscores the potential role of diet in mitigating early neurodegenerative changes detectable through non-invasive retinal imaging. Further longitudinal research is needed to establish causal relationships and elucidate the underlying mechanism","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":"29 1","pages":"100431"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142792702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01Epub Date: 2024-12-05DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100433
Michaela Rippl, Marie-Theres Huemer, Lars Schwettmann, Eva Grill, Annette Peters, Michael Drey, Barbara Thorand
Background: Frailty, resilience and intrinsic capacity (IC) are concepts to evaluate older person`s health status, but no comparison of their associations with adverse health outcomes exists. We therefore aimed to assess which concept is most useful for determining long-term health of older adults.
Methods: Analyses were based on the KORA (Cooperative Health Research in the Region of Augsburg)-Age study (n = 940, 65-93 years). Frailty was evaluated using the physical frailty-phenotype by Fried et al. For comparability to resilience and IC, we chose the protective concept of robustness instead of frailty in the present analysis. Resilience was measured by the 11-item resilience-scale. The IC-score was based on 4 domains (locomotion, cognition, vitality and psychiatric capacities). Associations with falls, disability, and hospitalization at 3-year and 7-year follow-up and with mortality were evaluated by multivariable adjusted logistic and Cox regression. Concept overlaps were illustrated by a Venn-diagram.
Results: In the fully adjusted models, robustness showed significant inverse associations with most outcomes (3-year follow-up: OR (95%CI): disability 0.448 (0.300-0.668), 7-year follow-up: falls 0.477 (0.298-0.764), hospitalization 0.547 (0.349-0.856), and all-cause mortality 0.649 (0.460-0.915)) while resilience and IC showed significant inverse associations with disability only (e.g., 7-year-follow-up: resilience: 0.467 (0.304-0.716), IC: 0.510 (0.329-0.793)). 23% of the participants met the criteria for both robustness and IC while 22% met those for robustness and resilience.
Conclusion: Robustness was the most useful concept, showing the strongest protective associations for most adverse health outcomes. IC and resilience showed their main strengths in capturing protective associations for disabilities. Robustness overlapped with resilience and IC, supporting the concept of mind-body-interaction.
{"title":"Comparison of robustness, resilience and intrinsic capacity including prediction of long-term adverse health outcomes: The KORA-Age study.","authors":"Michaela Rippl, Marie-Theres Huemer, Lars Schwettmann, Eva Grill, Annette Peters, Michael Drey, Barbara Thorand","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100433","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100433","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Frailty, resilience and intrinsic capacity (IC) are concepts to evaluate older person`s health status, but no comparison of their associations with adverse health outcomes exists. We therefore aimed to assess which concept is most useful for determining long-term health of older adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Analyses were based on the KORA (Cooperative Health Research in the Region of Augsburg)-Age study (n = 940, 65-93 years). Frailty was evaluated using the physical frailty-phenotype by Fried et al. For comparability to resilience and IC, we chose the protective concept of robustness instead of frailty in the present analysis. Resilience was measured by the 11-item resilience-scale. The IC-score was based on 4 domains (locomotion, cognition, vitality and psychiatric capacities). Associations with falls, disability, and hospitalization at 3-year and 7-year follow-up and with mortality were evaluated by multivariable adjusted logistic and Cox regression. Concept overlaps were illustrated by a Venn-diagram.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the fully adjusted models, robustness showed significant inverse associations with most outcomes (3-year follow-up: OR (95%CI): disability 0.448 (0.300-0.668), 7-year follow-up: falls 0.477 (0.298-0.764), hospitalization 0.547 (0.349-0.856), and all-cause mortality 0.649 (0.460-0.915)) while resilience and IC showed significant inverse associations with disability only (e.g., 7-year-follow-up: resilience: 0.467 (0.304-0.716), IC: 0.510 (0.329-0.793)). 23% of the participants met the criteria for both robustness and IC while 22% met those for robustness and resilience.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Robustness was the most useful concept, showing the strongest protective associations for most adverse health outcomes. IC and resilience showed their main strengths in capturing protective associations for disabilities. Robustness overlapped with resilience and IC, supporting the concept of mind-body-interaction.</p>","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":"29 1","pages":"100433"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142792700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100414
Michael Pratt
{"title":"A Commentary on the \"Global Consensus on Optimal Exercise Recommendations for Enhancing Healthy Longevity in Older Adults (ICFSR)\": Exercise and older adults-A perfect match.","authors":"Michael Pratt","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100414","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100414","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":" ","pages":"100414"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142916172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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