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Associations of individual beverage types and substitution with dementia risk 个体饮料类型和替代与痴呆风险的关系
IF 4 3区 医学 Q1 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-01-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2026.100795
Huimin Wang
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引用次数: 0
Response to the Letter to the Editor concerning “Associations of Individual Beverage Types and Substitution with Dementia Risk” 就“个别饮料种类及替代品与痴呆风险的关系”致编者信的回应
IF 4 3区 医学 Q1 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-01-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2026.100796
Jung-Hwan Kim , Seok-Jae Heo , Yu-Jin Kwon , Ji-Won Lee
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引用次数: 0
Consensus document on frailty: conceptualization, detection, multidisciplinary management and future roadmap 关于脆弱性的共识文件:概念化、检测、多学科管理和未来路线图
IF 4 3区 医学 Q1 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-01-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2026.100793
Alejandro Álvarez-Bustos , Cristina Andres-Lacueva , Ignacio Ara , María Angeles Arévalo , Juan P. Bolaños , Ana Coto-Montes , José Antonio Enriquez , Germaine Escames , Francisco José García-García , María Carmen Gómez-Cabrera , Oriol Grau-Rivera , Mikel Izquierdo , Nicolás Martínez Velilla , Ander Matheu , Rocío Menéndez Colino , Manuel Muñoz Torres , Xavier Nogués , Juan Oliva , María Isabel Orts-Cortés , Ignacio Párraga Martínez , Pedro Abizanda

Background

The lack of a universally accepted definition, a gold-standard assessment tool, and sufficient evidence-based interventions has hindered the integration of frailty into routine clinical practice, particularly outside geriatric medicine. For clinicians, health professionals, policymakers, and aging researchers, a unified framework based on robust evidence has become essential.

Objectives

To provide a consensus on relevant aspects of frailty, including definition, attributes, misunderstandings, pathophysiology, phenotypes, assessment, biomarkers, management, stigmas and future challenges, useful for epidemiological, clinical and research application across Europe.

Design

Consensus document.

Setting

25 research centers on frailty and healthy aging.

Measurements

Relevant aspects on frailty.

Results

In this document we present a consensus regarding what frailty is, what frailty is not, what is aging, which are the most common misunderstandings related to frailty, which is the pathophysiology and which are the biomarkers of frailty, how should frailty be assessed and who should assess frailty, how should frailty be managed, the presence or absence of frailty subphenotypes or subtypes, how is the stigma of been considered frail, which are the gender considerations, and which are the current challenges and future directions. We support that frailty is the expression of an age-associated clinical phenotypic syndrome driven by the biology of aging, life-course environmental exposures, and disease burden. Its physiological basis lies in a heterogeneous decline of functional reserve across organ systems, accompanied by impaired homeostasis and reduced capacity to respond to stressors, ultimately predisposing to adverse health outcomes, mainly disability.

Conclusions

We present a consensus document on frailty, useful for epidemiological, clinical and research application across Europe.
缺乏普遍接受的定义、黄金标准评估工具和充分的循证干预措施阻碍了将虚弱纳入常规临床实践,特别是在老年医学之外。对于临床医生、卫生专业人员、政策制定者和老龄化研究人员来说,基于有力证据的统一框架已变得至关重要。目的提供关于虚弱相关方面的共识,包括定义、属性、误解、病理生理学、表型、评估、生物标志物、管理、耻感和未来挑战,对整个欧洲的流行病学、临床和研究应用有用。DesignConsensus文档。设立25个脆弱与健康老龄化研究中心。测量:脆弱性的相关方面。ResultsIn本文提出达成共识关于弱点是什么,什么弱点不是衰老,这是最常见的误解与脆弱、病理生理学和脆弱的生物标志物,虚弱应如何评估和谁应该评估脆弱,脆弱应如何管理,脆弱subphenotypes或亚型的存在与否,是如何被认为是脆弱的污名,性别因素,哪些是当前的挑战和未来的方向。我们支持虚弱是由衰老生物学、生命过程中的环境暴露和疾病负担驱动的年龄相关临床表型综合征的表达。其生理基础在于各器官系统功能储备的异质性下降,伴随着体内平衡受损和对压力源的反应能力下降,最终导致不利的健康结果,主要是残疾。我们提出了一份关于虚弱的共识文件,对整个欧洲的流行病学、临床和研究应用有用。
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引用次数: 0
Associations of taste sensitivity with frailty and health-related quality of life in older adults 味觉敏感性与老年人虚弱和健康相关生活质量的关系
IF 4 3区 医学 Q1 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-01-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2026.100794
Sarasa Kato , Megu Y. Baden , Eri Yamabayashi , Saki Kawamoto , Takuya Kagisaki , Kento Mitsushio , Akiko N. Beppu , Naoko Nagai , Tomomi Horii , Chisaki Ishibashi , Yoshiya Hosokawa , Mitsuyoshi Takahara , Junji Kozawa , Hitoshi Nishizawa , Toshihiro Takeda , Shunsuke Yamaga , Mashu Kudoh , Daiki Kurita , Masae Kuboniwa , Iichiro Shimomura

Background

Reduced taste sensitivity may contribute to appetite loss and frailty in older adults, yet evidence based on objectively measured taste sensitivity is limited.

Objective

To examine the associations of objectively measured taste sensitivity with frailty, health-related quality of life (HR-QoL), diet quality, and oral function.

Methods

We assessed sweet, salt, and umami taste sensitivities in 70 community-dwelling older adults (mean age 82 years) using the whole-mouth method. Frailty was evaluated using the Basic Checklist, HR-QoL was assessed using the SF-36, diet quality was assessed using the Modified Japanese Diet Score (MJDS), and oral function was assessed by dentists using established criteria. Multiple regression analyses were performed to assess the associations of taste sensitivity with frailty, HR-QoL, diet quality, and oral function.

Results

Lower sweet taste sensitivity was associated with greater frailty (coefficient [95% CI], 0.28 [0.10, 0.46], p = 0.004). Lower sweet and umami taste sensitivities were significantly associated with lower mental HR-QoL (−6.47 [−11.44, −1.50], p = 0.01 and −5.89 [−11.40, −0.38], p = 0.04, respectively). Higher diet quality and better oral function tended to be associated with better sweet taste sensitivity.

Conclusions

Sweet taste sensitivity is inversely associated with frailty and mental HR-QoL. Improving diet quality and oral function may contribute to improved taste sensitivity.
味觉敏感度降低可能导致老年人食欲不振和身体虚弱,但基于客观测量味觉敏感度的证据有限。目的探讨客观测量的味觉敏感性与虚弱、健康相关生活质量(HR-QoL)、饮食质量和口腔功能的关系。方法采用全口法对70名社区老年人(平均年龄82岁)的甜味、咸味和鲜味味觉敏感性进行评估。使用基本检查表评估虚弱,使用SF-36评估HR-QoL,使用改良日本饮食评分(MJDS)评估饮食质量,牙医使用既定标准评估口腔功能。采用多元回归分析来评估味觉敏感性与虚弱、HR-QoL、饮食质量和口腔功能的关系。结果较低的甜味敏感性与较高的脆弱程度相关(系数[95% CI], 0.28 [0.10, 0.46], p = 0.004)。较低的甜味和鲜味敏感度与较低的精神HR-QoL显著相关(分别为- 6.47 [- 11.44,- 1.50],p = 0.01和- 5.89 [- 11.40,- 0.38],p = 0.04)。较高的饮食质量和较好的口腔功能往往与较好的甜味敏感性有关。结论甜味敏感性与脆性和精神HR-QoL呈负相关。改善饮食质量和口腔功能可能有助于改善味觉敏感性。
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引用次数: 0
Allostatic load elevates the risk and adverse prognosis of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases: modulatory effects of lifestyle interventions and genetic susceptibility 适应负荷增加免疫介导的炎症性疾病的风险和不良预后:生活方式干预和遗传易感性的调节作用
IF 4 3区 医学 Q1 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-01-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2026.100792
Ziling Yang , Jinming Zhang , Zhong Qu , Zhuo Zhao , Yajuan Zheng

Background

Allostatic load (AL)—the cumulative biological cost of lifelong stress—can disrupt immune homeostasis via hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal-axis dysregulation and persistent sympathetic activation. Immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) are organ-specific chronic inflammatory disorders imposing a major public-health burden, yet their causal link with AL remains unclear.

Methods

In this prospective study of 186 310 UK Biobank participants, Cox proportional-hazards models quantified dose-response associations between AL and the incidence of ten IMIDs plus all-cause mortality. Interaction models evaluated the modifying effects of physical activity, ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFAs) and other lifestyle variables, and assessed gene–environment interplay using polygenic risk scores (PRS).

Results

Compared with the lowest AL quartile, the highest quartile showed significantly greater incidence of rheumatoid arthritis (hazard ratios (HR) = 1.52), spondyloarthritis (HR = 2.50), asthma (HR = 1.38), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) (HR = 1.19), type 1 diabetes (T1DM) (HR = 5.16), psoriasis (HR = 1.87), autoimmune retinopathy (HR = 1.77) and composite IMIDs (HR = 1.55) (all p < 0.05). Elevated AL also predicted dose-dependent increases in all-cause mortality among patients with rheumatoid arthritis (HR = 6.59), asthma (HR = 1.87), IBD (HR = 2.00), T1DM (HR = 2.72) and composite IMIDs (HR = 2.01). Sufficient physical activity and higher ω-3 PUFA intake partially attenuated AL-related risks, whereas high PRS synergistically amplified AL effects for spondyloarthritis (attributable proportion (AP) = 7.6%), T1DM (AP = 4.7%) and psoriasis (AP = 4.9%).

Conclusions

AL is causally linked to both the development and prognosis of IMIDs, with its impact jointly modifiable by lifestyle factors and genetic susceptibility. Building AL-centred psychoneuroimmunological biomarker networks may enable refined risk stratification and precision interventions for IMIDs.
适应负荷(AL) -终生压力的累积生物成本-可通过下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴失调和持续的交感神经激活破坏免疫稳态。免疫介导的炎症性疾病(IMIDs)是器官特异性慢性炎症性疾病,造成了重大的公共卫生负担,但其与AL的因果关系尚不清楚。方法在这项对186310名英国生物银行参与者的前瞻性研究中,Cox比例风险模型量化了AL与10种IMIDs发生率和全因死亡率之间的剂量反应关系。相互作用模型评估了体力活动、ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸(ω-3 PUFAs)和其他生活方式变量的调节作用,并使用多基因风险评分(PRS)评估基因与环境的相互作用。结果与AL最低四分位数相比,AL最高四分位数的类风湿关节炎(HR = 1.52)、脊椎关节炎(HR = 2.50)、哮喘(HR = 1.38)、炎症性肠病(IBD) (HR = 1.19)、1型糖尿病(T1DM) (HR = 5.16)、牛皮癣(HR = 1.87)、自身免疫性视网膜病变(HR = 1.77)和复合IMIDs (HR = 1.55)的发病率均显著高于AL最低四分位数(p < 0.05)。AL升高还预测了类风湿关节炎(HR = 6.59)、哮喘(HR = 1.87)、IBD (HR = 2.00)、T1DM (HR = 2.72)和复合IMIDs (HR = 2.01)患者全因死亡率的剂量依赖性增加。充足的体力活动和较高的ω-3 PUFA摄入量部分减弱了AL相关风险,而高PRS协同放大了AL对脊柱炎(归因于比例(AP) = 7.6%)、T1DM (AP = 4.7%)和牛皮癣(AP = 4.9%)的影响。结论sal与IMIDs的发展和预后均有因果关系,其影响可由生活方式因素和遗传易感性共同改变。建立以人工智能为中心的心理神经免疫学生物标志物网络,可以对IMIDs进行精细的风险分层和精确的干预。
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引用次数: 0
Muscle performance and bone density following a multi-intervention program with milk or soy milk supplementation in older adults: quasi-experimental study 老年人补充牛奶或豆浆后的肌肉性能和骨密度:准实验研究
IF 4 3区 医学 Q1 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2026.100784
Ting Liao , Ting-Ying Wang , Meng-Chun Lu , Huey-Liang Kuo , Yu-Lung Chen , Kuo-Cheng Lin , Yi-Ling Chen , Ying Hsiao , Yi-Chen Huang

Objectives

This study assessed musculoskeletal outcomes of a combined intervention comprising food-based protein supplementation, nutrition education (NE), and resistance exercise in older adults; comparing milk and soy milk as protein sources.

Design

Quasi-experimental study.

Setting and participants

Eighty-two community-dwelling adults aged ≥60 years completed the intervention.

Intervention

This 8-week cluster-based intervention assigned participants to 1 of 4 groups: exercise alone (Group 1), exercise plus NE (Group 2), exercise plus NE with milk supplementation (Group 3), and exercise plus NE with soy milk supplementation (Group 4). All groups engaged in resistance training 3 times per week, and all groups received weekly NE, except for Group 1.

Measurements

Body composition, and physical performance were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and standardized tests at baseline and after the intervention.

Results

Within-group analyses showed that all groups experienced significant improvements in walking speed. Additionally, Group 3 exhibited improvements in handgrip strength (mean change: +4.41 kg), 5-time sit-to-stand performance (−1.94 s). Compared with other groups, Group 3 achieved greater gains in handgrip strength than Group 2 (−0.84 kg) and Group 4 (+0.52 kg), and showed a borderline significant improvement in total bone mineral density (BMD; +0.01 vs. −0.06 g/cm2) compared with Group 1. Furthermore, Groups 2 − 4 exhibited greater increases in upper-limb BMD (+0.04, +0.02, +0.01 g/cm2, respectively) compared with Group 1 (−0.02 g/cm2).

Conclusions

Exercise combined with NE and protein supplementation, particularly milk, may be associated with favorable bone health in older adults.
(Clincaltrials.gov as NCT06173271)
本研究评估了老年人以食物为基础的蛋白质补充、营养教育(NE)和抗阻运动的联合干预的肌肉骨骼结果;比较牛奶和豆奶作为蛋白质来源。DesignQuasi-experimental研究。环境和参与者:82名≥60岁的社区居民完成了干预。干预这项为期8周的基于集群的干预将参与者分为4组:单独运动(第1组),运动加NE(第2组),运动加NE加牛奶(第3组),运动加NE加豆浆(第4组)。各组每周进行3次抗阻训练,除第1组外,其余各组每周进行NE训练。在基线和干预后,使用双能x线吸收仪和标准化测试测量身体成分和身体表现。结果组内分析显示,各组患者步行速度均有显著提高。此外,第3组手部握力(平均变化:+4.41 kg)和5次坐立表现(- 1.94 s)均有改善。与其他组相比,3组的握力比2组(- 0.84 kg)和4组(+0.52 kg)有更大的提高,总骨密度(BMD; +0.01对- 0.06 g/cm2)比1组有显著的改善。此外,与第1组(- 0.02 g/cm2)相比,第2 ~ 4组上肢骨密度(分别为+0.04、+0.02、+0.01 g/cm2)增加更大。结论:运动结合NE和蛋白质补充,特别是牛奶,可能与老年人良好的骨骼健康有关。
{"title":"Muscle performance and bone density following a multi-intervention program with milk or soy milk supplementation in older adults: quasi-experimental study","authors":"Ting Liao ,&nbsp;Ting-Ying Wang ,&nbsp;Meng-Chun Lu ,&nbsp;Huey-Liang Kuo ,&nbsp;Yu-Lung Chen ,&nbsp;Kuo-Cheng Lin ,&nbsp;Yi-Ling Chen ,&nbsp;Ying Hsiao ,&nbsp;Yi-Chen Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2026.100784","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnha.2026.100784","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study assessed musculoskeletal outcomes of a combined intervention comprising food-based protein supplementation, nutrition education (NE), and resistance exercise in older adults; comparing milk and soy milk as protein sources.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>Quasi-experimental study.</div></div><div><h3>Setting and participants</h3><div>Eighty-two community-dwelling adults aged ≥60 years completed the intervention.</div></div><div><h3>Intervention</h3><div>This 8-week cluster-based intervention assigned participants to 1 of 4 groups: exercise alone (Group 1), exercise plus NE (Group 2), exercise plus NE with milk supplementation (Group 3), and exercise plus NE with soy milk supplementation (Group 4). All groups engaged in resistance training 3 times per week, and all groups received weekly NE, except for Group 1.</div></div><div><h3>Measurements</h3><div>Body composition, and physical performance were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and standardized tests at baseline and after the intervention.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Within-group analyses showed that all groups experienced significant improvements in walking speed. Additionally, Group 3 exhibited improvements in handgrip strength (mean change: +4.41 kg), 5-time sit-to-stand performance (−1.94 s). Compared with other groups, Group 3 achieved greater gains in handgrip strength than Group 2 (−0.84 kg) and Group 4 (+0.52 kg), and showed a borderline significant improvement in total bone mineral density (BMD; +0.01 vs. −0.06 g/cm<sup>2</sup>) compared with Group 1. Furthermore, Groups 2 − 4 exhibited greater increases in upper-limb BMD (+0.04, +0.02, +0.01 g/cm<sup>2</sup>, respectively) compared with Group 1 (−0.02 g/cm<sup>2</sup>).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Exercise combined with NE and protein supplementation, particularly milk, may be associated with favorable bone health in older adults.</div><div>(Clincaltrials.gov as NCT06173271)</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":"30 3","pages":"Article 100784"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146039536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
An atlas of associations between dietary nutrients and the risk of 36 major chronic diseases 膳食营养素与36种主要慢性疾病风险之间关联的地图集
IF 4 3区 医学 Q1 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2026.100785
Zongjie Luo , Hangyu Chen , Shuqian Huang , Qihua Lai , Xiaoying Hu , Yuan Wang , Yuanqin Wang , Jing Wang , Yanni Li , Fengqiong Liu

Background

Diet and nutrition affect chronic diseases, but large-scale evidence on nutrient patterns and disease risk is limited. This study aims to explore nutrient-based dietary patterns and their links to major chronic diseases and multimorbidity risk.

Methods

Dietary intake was assessed via dietary questionnaires in 208,312 UK Biobank participants. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to derive principal components (PCs) of 63 nutrients. Cox regression was used to analyze hazard ratios (HRs) for 36 chronic conditions, and negative binomial regression was applied to examine associations of multimorbidity with nutrients.

Results

A total of 15 distinct nutrient patterns were identified, covering a broad range of nutritional characteristics, including macronutrients, vitamins, minerals, and pure energy food items. A total of 540 associations (15 PCs × 36 disease outcomes) were tested, with 66 associations met the FDR-adjusted (false discovery rate) significance threshold (P < 0.01). Nutrient patterns, especially those characterized by macronutrients, are closely associated with the risk of chronic conditions, including cardiometabolic disorders, neurodegenerative and mental health disorders, chronic liver diseases, as well as respiratory, genitourinary and musculoskeletal system diseases. The conditions most closely associated with dietary nutrients include cardiometabolic diseases (hypertension, diabetes, myocardial infarction), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), chronic kidney disease (CKD), mental/behavioural disorders, hepatitis/cirrhosis, prostate problems, osteoporosis, and anemia. No nutrient patterns showed significant effects on cancer, autoimmune diseases, or nervous system disorders. Additionally, specific and distinct roles of proteins, fats, free sugars, alcohol, and salt in multimorbidity were identified in the population.

Conclusion

Diverse patterns of nutrient intake have been observed in the population. Nutrient patterns are closely linked to chronic diseases, with distinct disease spectra corresponding to different nutrient patterns. Some patterns correlate significantly with the number of multimorbidities. Our findings highlight balanced nutrient intake’s role in managing chronic disease risk and inform evidence-based dietary interventions.
饮食和营养影响慢性疾病,但关于营养模式和疾病风险的大规模证据有限。本研究旨在探讨以营养为基础的饮食模式及其与主要慢性疾病和多病风险的联系。方法通过饮食问卷对208,312名英国生物银行参与者的饮食摄入量进行评估。采用主成分分析法(PCA)对63种营养成分进行主成分分析。采用Cox回归分析36种慢性疾病的风险比(hr),采用负二项回归分析多种疾病与营养物质的关系。结果共鉴定出15种不同的营养模式,涵盖了广泛的营养特征,包括宏量营养素、维生素、矿物质和纯能量食品。共检测了540个关联(15个个体× 36个疾病结局),其中66个关联符合fdr校正(错误发现率)显著阈值(P < 0.01)。营养模式,特别是那些以大量营养素为特征的营养模式,与慢性疾病的风险密切相关,包括心脏代谢紊乱、神经退行性疾病和精神健康障碍、慢性肝病以及呼吸、泌尿生殖系统和肌肉骨骼系统疾病。与膳食营养最密切相关的疾病包括心脏代谢疾病(高血压、糖尿病、心肌梗死)、慢性阻塞性肺病(COPD)、慢性肾病(CKD)、精神/行为障碍、肝炎/肝硬化、前列腺问题、骨质疏松症和贫血。没有营养模式显示出对癌症、自身免疫性疾病或神经系统紊乱有显著影响。此外,在人群中确定了蛋白质、脂肪、游离糖、酒精和盐在多重发病中的特定和独特作用。结论人群中存在多种营养摄入模式。营养模式与慢性疾病密切相关,不同的营养模式对应不同的疾病谱。一些模式与多重疾病的数量显著相关。我们的研究结果强调了均衡的营养摄入在控制慢性疾病风险中的作用,并为基于证据的饮食干预提供了信息。
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引用次数: 0
Association between frailty recovery and dietary variety among community-dwelling older Japanese adults: a longitudinal study from 2023 to 2024 在日本社区居住的老年人中,虚弱恢复与饮食多样性之间的关系:一项从2023年到2024年的纵向研究。
IF 4 3区 医学 Q1 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2026.100783
Tamaki Hirose , Yohei Sawaya , Masahiro Ishizaka , Naori Hashimoto , Akira Kubo , Tomohiko Urano

Background/objectives

Although the associations between frailty and nutrition have been reported, no studies have focused on frailty recovery in relation to dietary diversity. This study aimed to clarify the association between frailty recovery and dietary variety, assessed using the Dietary Variety Score (DVS), over a 1-year period.

Methods

A prospective cohort study conducted in City A, Tochigi prefecture, Japan, included 353 individuals aged 73 and 78 years in 2023 who responded to surveys in both 2023 and 2024. The Kihon Checklist (KCL) and DVS were used for assessments. According to the KCL results, participants who were robust in both years or who improved from frailty or pre-frailty in 2023 to robust in 2024 were classified as the “robust-maintained/-recovered group,” and all other participants were classified as “others.” Statistical analyses included group comparisons and binomial logistic regression analysis to examine factors associated with the robust-maintained/-recovered group using DVS categories (high/low) or ten individual food groups as independent variables.

Results

The robust-maintained/-recovered group had a higher frequency of egg, soybean, soybean product, seaweed, potato, and fruit consumption. Furthermore, High DVS at baseline was significantly associated with the robust-maintained/-recovered group (odds ratio = 2.32, p < 0.001). A similar association was observed for soybean products (odds ratio = 1.83, p = 0.008).

Conclusions

These findings suggest that sustained dietary diversity may be an effective strategy for recovery from frailty in older adults. Specifically, intake of traditional Japanese foods such as soybean products and “small food add-ons” such as seaweeds and fruits may offer a valuable approach to its management.
背景/目的:虽然虚弱和营养之间的关联已被报道,但没有研究集中在虚弱恢复与饮食多样性的关系上。本研究旨在阐明衰弱恢复与饮食多样性之间的关系,使用饮食多样性评分(DVS)进行评估,为期1年。方法:在日本枥木县A市进行了一项前瞻性队列研究,包括353名年龄在73岁和78岁的人,他们分别在2023年和2024年接受了调查。使用Kihon Checklist (KCL)和DVS进行评估。根据KCL的结果,两年内都很健壮的参与者或从2023年的虚弱或预虚弱改善到2024年的健壮的参与者被归类为“健壮维持/恢复组”,所有其他参与者都被归类为“其他”。统计分析包括分组比较和二项逻辑回归分析,以使用DVS类别(高/低)或10个单独食物组作为自变量来检查与稳健维持/恢复组相关的因素。结果:强健维持/恢复组食用鸡蛋、大豆、豆制品、海藻、土豆和水果的频率更高。此外,基线时高DVS与稳健性维持/恢复组显著相关(优势比= 2.32,p < 0.001)。在豆制品中观察到类似的关联(优势比= 1.83,p = 0.008)。结论:这些发现表明,持续的饮食多样性可能是老年人从虚弱中恢复的有效策略。具体来说,摄入传统的日本食品,如豆制品和“小食品添加剂”,如海藻和水果,可能是一种有价值的管理方法。
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引用次数: 0
Age at type 2 diabetes onset and risk of dementia: The modifying role of genetic susceptibility and mitochondrial function 2型糖尿病发病年龄与痴呆风险:遗传易感性和线粒体功能的调节作用
IF 4 3区 医学 Q1 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-01-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2026.100780
Wanqing Dong , Qibin Yuan , Benrui Wu , Shiteng Gao , Yingyu Zhang , Ying Pan , Kaixin Zhou , Hongwei Jiang

Objectives

To assess dementia risk after incident type 2 diabetes (T2D) by age at diagnosis and evaluate modification by treatment, genetic susceptibility, and mitochondrial function.

Design

Prospective 1:1 age- and sex-matched cohort study using inverse-probability-weighted Cox models.

Setting

Kunshan Aging Research with E-health (KARE) cohort in China (2018–2024).

Participants

42,514 adults without diabetes or dementia at baseline, including 21,257 incident T2D cases and 21,257 non-diabetic controls.

Measurements

Outcomes were all-cause dementia, Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and vascular dementia (VaD) from linked medical records and annual examinations. T2D onset age was grouped as 45–54 years, 55–64 years, and persons 65 years and older. In genotyped participants (n = 14,455), a T2D polygenic risk score (PRS) and blood mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNA-CN) were examined.

Results

Over a median 3.67 years, incident T2D was associated with higher risks of all-cause dementia (adjusted hazard ratio [AHR] 1.95, 95% CI 1.71–2.21), AD (2.21, 1.88–2.59), and VaD (1.57, 1.20–2.07). Glucose-lowering treatment was associated with lower dementia risk versus no treatment. Among patients aged 55–64 years, the low-PRS/low-mtDNA-CN subgroup had the highest AD risk (AHR 2.41, 95% CI 1.12–5.19).

Conclusion

Age at T2D onset was associated with variation in dementia risk. Earlier diagnosis and treatment were associated with lower observed cognitive risk, while genetic susceptibility and mitochondrial function may inform individualised risk stratification.
目的通过诊断年龄评估2型糖尿病(T2D)发生后痴呆的风险,并评估治疗、遗传易感性和线粒体功能的改变。设计前瞻性1:1年龄和性别匹配队列研究,采用反概率加权Cox模型。基于电子健康(KARE)队列的中国昆山老龄化研究(2018-2024)参与者:42,514名基线时无糖尿病或痴呆的成年人,包括21,257例T2D病例和21,257例非糖尿病对照。测量结果为全因痴呆、阿尔茨海默病(AD)和血管性痴呆(VaD),来自相关医疗记录和年度检查。T2D发病年龄分为45-54岁、55-64岁和65岁及以上。在基因型参与者(n = 14,455)中,检测了T2D多基因风险评分(PRS)和血线粒体DNA拷贝数(mtDNA-CN)。结果在平均3.67年的时间里,T2D的发生与全因痴呆(校正风险比[AHR] 1.95, 95% CI 1.71-2.21)、AD(2.21, 1.88-2.59)和VaD(1.57, 1.20-2.07)的高风险相关。降糖治疗与不治疗相比,痴呆风险更低。在55-64岁的患者中,低prs /低mtdna - cn亚组的AD风险最高(AHR 2.41, 95% CI 1.12-5.19)。结论T2D发病年龄与痴呆风险变化相关。早期诊断和治疗与观察到的较低认知风险相关,而遗传易感性和线粒体功能可能为个体化风险分层提供信息。
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引用次数: 0
Sarcopenia and metabolomics: mind the gap between biomarker discovery and clinical application 肌肉减少症和代谢组学:注意生物标志物发现与临床应用之间的差距。
IF 4 3区 医学 Q1 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-01-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2026.100782
Ruiyang Wang , Jiamin Wang
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging
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