Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging最新文献

{"title":"Sex-specific associations between physical activity and cardiovascular disease under air pollution among the middle-aged and elderly population: A nationwide cross-sectional study in China","authors":"Huilong Xie ,&nbsp;Xuebing Sun ,&nbsp;Liyu Huang ,&nbsp;Tao Wang ,&nbsp;Qi Yu ,&nbsp;Min Hu ,&nbsp;Jingwen Liao","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100731","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100731","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) is known to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), but its role in mitigating or exacerbating this risk under exposure to air pollution remains unclear. This study investigates the associations between MVPA and CVD in the context of air pollution among both sexes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This nationwide, cross-sectional study included 17,138 middle-aged and elderly people from the 2018 wave of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. Physical activity was assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Data on air pollutants, including particulate matter, sulfur dioxide, ozone, nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide, and air quality index, were obtained from the China High Air Pollutants dataset and the Science Data Bank. CVD was identified based on self-reported physician diagnoses of heart disease or stroke.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>More physically active participants were associated with lower CVD prevalence, while all air pollutants were linked to higher prevalence in the top exposure quartile. Physically inactive individuals exhibited the highest CVD prevalence across different levels of air pollution. Under high levels of air pollution, MVPA generally exhibited an inverse association with CVD prevalence in males (P for overall &lt; 0.05), but not in females (P for overall &gt; 0.05). In addition, MVPA duration positively mediated the associations between air pollutant exposure and CVD prevalence, with mediation proportions ranging from 10.10 to 33.30% in females and 5.14 to 7.53% in males.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study highlights that, under high levels of air pollution, the inverse association between MVPA and CVD prevalence was generally observed among males. Moreover, MVPA mediates the relationships between all air pollutants and CVD prevalence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":"30 1","pages":"Article 100731"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145571658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Omega-3 Supplement Use and Cognitive Function in Korean Older Adults: An 8-Year Longitudinal Cohort Study","authors":"Won Man Lee ,&nbsp;So Im Ryu ,&nbsp;Myoung-Nam Lim ,&nbsp;Ji Won Han ,&nbsp;Jong Bin Bae ,&nbsp;Tae Hui Kim ,&nbsp;Kyung Phil Kwak ,&nbsp;Bong Jo Kim ,&nbsp;Shin Gyeom Kim ,&nbsp;Jeong Lan Kim ,&nbsp;Seok Woo Moon ,&nbsp;Joon Hyuk Park ,&nbsp;Seung-Ho Ryu ,&nbsp;Dong Woo Lee ,&nbsp;Seok Bum Lee ,&nbsp;Jung Jae Lee ,&nbsp;Dong Young Lee ,&nbsp;Ki Woong Kim ,&nbsp;Jin Hyeong Jhoo","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100739","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100739","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>South Korea has a relatively high baseline omega-3 fatty acids (O3FA) status due to dietary patterns. However, evidence on additional benefits of O3FA supplementation remains limited. This study examined the 8-year longitudinal effects of O3FA supplement use on cognitive performance among community-dwelling older adults in South Korea.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>Prospective longitudinal cohort study.</div><div>Setting and participants: Data were from the Korean Longitudinal Study on Cognitive Aging and Dementia (KLOSCAD). A total of 4,949 adults aged ≥60 years (mean age = 69.55 ± 6.56; 44.2% men) were included, and 2,053 completed the 8-year follow-up (2010–2012 to 2018–2020).</div></div><div><h3>Measurements</h3><div>O3FA supplement use was assessed through structured questionnaires on regular intake of omega-3 or fish oil supplements. Cognitive performance was assessed using the Korean version of Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Packet Neuropsychological Assessment Battery (CERAD-K[N]), and total and memory domain scores were analyzed. Longitudinal changes were examined using repeated measures analysis of covariance and linear mixed-effects models (LMMs; unweighted and weighted), adjusting for potential covariates.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Over the 8 years, CERAD-K[N] (t = −2.686, p = .007) and memory domain (t = −4.026, p &lt; .001) scores significantly improved among O3FA users. In the weighted LMM, significant time × supplement duration interactions were observed (CERAD-K[N]: β = 2.398, 95% CI 1.207–3.589, p &lt; .001; memory: β = 1.050, 95% CI 0.643–1.456, p &lt; .001), indicating greater improvement in long-term users.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>O3FA supplement use was associated with better maintenance of cognitive function over eight years. These findings suggest a potential role of O3FA supplementation in supporting cognitive health during aging.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":"30 1","pages":"Article 100739"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145617726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the editor concerning ‘Association between cMIND diet adherence and frailty among Chinese older adults: A 10-year longitudinal study’","authors":"Yu Qiu ,&nbsp;Longqing Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100743","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100743","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":"30 1","pages":"Article 100743"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145618289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Handgrip strength as a predictor of adverse events in hospitalized older adults: A prospective cohort study","authors":"Giancarlo Sante Farfan ,&nbsp;Roberto Zenteno Zeballos ,&nbsp;Leandro Huayanay Falconi","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100746","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100746","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To evaluate whether dynapenia at hospital admission predicts adverse events in older adults hospitalized for medical conditions.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>Prospective observational cohort study. Setting: Hospital Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru. Participants: 120 patients aged ≥60 years admitted for medical reasons between July and December 2024. Measurements: Handgrip strength was assessed within 48 h of admission using a JAMAR® dynamometer. Dynapenia was defined as &lt;12 kg in men and &lt;8 kg in women (sex-specific 25th percentile). Participants were followed for 30 days to identify adverse events, including mortality, delirium, readmission, healthcare-associated infections, pressure ulcers, and falls. Cox regression models estimated hazard ratios (HR).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Median age was 74 years; 49.2% were women. Dynapenia was present in 30% of participants. During follow-up, 45 adverse events were documented: mortality (12.5%), delirium (9.2%), readmission (5.8%), and others (7.4%). Patients with dynapenia had a higher incidence of adverse outcomes (41.7% vs. 16.7%, p &lt; 0.05). Dynapenia was independently associated with adverse events (adjusted HR 2.32; 95% CI: 1.08–4.99). Sensitivity analyses using intrapopulation tertiles and EWGSOP2 thresholds yielded consistent associations.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Dynapenia at admission is an independent predictor of adverse events in hospitalized older adults. Handgrip strength is a simple bedside tool that may improve early risk stratification and support targeted preventive interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":"30 1","pages":"Article 100746"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145736164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Seven Sarcopenia Screening Tools in Older Type 2 Diabetes Patients Using Four Diagnostic Criteria","authors":"Qiao Liu ,&nbsp;Miaomiao Wang ,&nbsp;Qiaoling Yang ,&nbsp;Hui Liu ,&nbsp;Lu Han ,&nbsp;Ni Sang ,&nbsp;Li Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100732","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100732","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To compare the diagnostic accuracy of seven sarcopenia screening tools against four international guidelines.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional study recruited 330 Chinese older patients from a tertiary hospital. Sarcopenia was diagnosed based on muscle mass, strength, and physical performance using four guidelines: the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) 2019 consensus, The updated version of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP2), Foundation for the National Institutes of Health Sarcopenia Project (FNIH), and the International Working Group on Sarcopenia (IWGS). Seven screening tools included: SARC-F, MSRA-7, MSRA-5, Calf Circumference (CC), Finger-ring Test, SARC-CalF, and Ishii Score. Diagnostic accuracy was assessed using sensitivity, specificity, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, including area under the curve (AUC).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>This study enrolled 330 older adults with type 2 diabetes, including 172 women and 158 men, with a mean age of 68.35 ± 6.32 years. Sarcopenia prevalence ranged from 7.58% to 27.27%. The Ishii Score showed the highest accuracy for screening sarcopenia in older patients with T2DM. Under the 2019 consensus of the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia criteria, sensitivity ranged from 13.33% (SARC-F) to 80.00% (Ishii Score), and specificity ranged from 27.92% (MSRA-7) to 91.67% (SARC-F). AUCs ranged from 0.51 (MSRA-5) to 0.79 (Ishii Score). In subgroup analyses, the Ishii Score also demonstrated the highest AUC values in men (0.79) and in women (0.83). The performance of tools varied against other three golden standards, with sensitivity (8.00%–98.04%), specificity (27.21%–91.67%), and AUC (0.51–0.88).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The Ishii score demonstrated the highest overall diagnostic accuracy for sarcopenia screening. CC may be ideal for rapid screening, while SARC-F suits confirmatory testing. Further validation of these tools in diverse settings is needed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":"30 1","pages":"Article 100732"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145617727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Generalizability concerns in the vitamin D and sarcopenia link","authors":"Yi Zou,&nbsp;Qi Yang,&nbsp;Xiping Wang,&nbsp;Xiaokun Tang,&nbsp;Mei Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100741","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100741","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":"30 1","pages":"Article 100741"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145618288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Osteosarcopenic obesity and the progression of physical frailty, cognition function, and mental health: First longitudinal evidence from ELSA","authors":"Qihang Yang ,&nbsp;Yibo Qiao ,&nbsp;Pengfei Shi ,&nbsp;Zongqiang Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100744","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100744","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Osteosarcopenic obesity (OSO), the coexistence of osteoporosis, sarcopenia, and obesity, has been linked to poor health outcomes, but its longitudinal impact on aging-related trajectories remains unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We used data from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA), including adults aged ≥50 years with up to 14 years of follow-up. Physical frailty, cognitive function, and mental health were assessed every 2 years. OSO components were defined at baseline, and participants were categorized by the number of conditions (OSO/0–3). Linear mixed-effects models estimated the associations of OSO and its components with outcome trajectories, adjusting for covariates. Sensitivity analyses were conducted.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Participants with osteoporosis, sarcopenia, or obesity showed worse progression of frailty and cognition than those without. Mental health exhibited minimal and inconsistent change over time. Increasing OSO burden (from 0 to 3 conditions) was associated with progressively greater frailty and cognitive decline. Sarcopenia was consistently linked to all three outcomes, whereas osteoporosis was primarily associated with frailty progression and obesity with subtle changes in cognition. Sensitivity analyses were largely consistent with the primary analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>OSO and its components are important predictors of adverse aging-related trajectories.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":"30 1","pages":"Article 100744"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145618286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An integrative approach to detecting potential blood-based biomarkers of cognitive frailty.","authors":"Motoki Furutani, Mutsumi Suganuma, Tohru Hosoyama, Risa Mitsumori, Marie Takemura, Yasumoto Matsui, Yukiko Nakano, Shumpei Niida, Kouichi Ozaki, Shosuke Satake, Daichi Shigemizu","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100726","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100726","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Cognitive frailty, defined by the coexistence of cognitive decline and physical frailty, has been clinically defined, but its biological clues are still vague. This underscores the need for promising blood-based molecular biomarkers.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Cross-sectional observational study.</p><p><strong>Settings and participants: </strong>Frailty was diagnosed using the Japanese version of the Cardiovascular Health Study (J-CHS), and mild cognitive impairment was assessed with the Japanese version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-J) and Mini-Mental State Examination-Japanese (MMSE-J). Participants with MMSE-J ≥24, MoCA-J score ≤25, and J-CHS score ≥1 were classified as having cognitive frailty. This study included 87 older adults aged ≥65 years, comprising 44 robust and 43 with cognitive frailty.</p><p><strong>Measurements: </strong>Blood samples and associated clinical data were obtained from the National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology Biobank in Japan. A multi-omics analysis integrating clinical data, RNA-seq, aging-related factors, and metabolomics were conducted to identify potential biomarkers through logistic regression, adjusting for age, sex, and body mass index (BMI). An optimal set of biomarkers was determined by constructing prediction models using the random forest algorithm.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three candidate biomarkers were identified from aging-related factors-growth differentiation factor (GDF15), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and Adiponectin-and three from metabolomics-myristic acid, nicotinamide, and γ-butyrobetaine. Using combinations of these candidates with clinical variables, we constructed risk prediction models. The best model incorporated one aging-related factors (GDF15) and two metabolites (myristic acid, and nicotinamide), achieving a high area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.96 in an independent validation cohort. This was significantly higher than models based solely on clinical information (age, sex, and BMI) (Welch's t-test, p <0.001). Among these biomarkers, myristic acid showed the highest influence, with a median Gini importance of 0.38 (95% confidence interval: 0.29-0.47).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We identified three promising biomarkers-GDF15, myristic acid, and nicotinamide-for cognitive frailty. Notably, low plasma myristic acid levels emerged as the most significant contributor to the prediction model. Further refinement and large-scale validation will be essential to support its future clinical application.</p>","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":"30 1","pages":"100726"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12681723/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145582793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of appetite using health-care-professional-reported SNAQ","authors":"Jérémy Raffin ,&nbsp;Stéphane Gerard ,&nbsp;Morgane Naudy ,&nbsp;Marion Meras ,&nbsp;Yves Rolland","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100693","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100693","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Appetite loss is a major concern in various clinical contexts but the self-assessment of appetite might be compromised in some populations such as in individuals with dementia. The use of surrogate responders might be useful but no study so far has investigated whether hetero-administrated questionnaires might be valid tools to assess appetite.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Forty men and women aged 66–97 years, without dementia, were recruited from the Medical care and Rehabilitation Unit of the Toulouse University Hospital, France. Within the same day, patients’ appetite was assessed using the SNAQ, a 4-answers questionnaire that was administrated separately to the patients as well as to two certified nursing assistant (CNA) surrogate responders answering on behalf of the patients. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) as well as Kappa’s and Gwet’s AC1 coefficients were computed to test the agreement between the patients and each surrogate assessor and between the two surrogate assessors.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>When comparing patients versus surrogate responders’ SNAQ scores, ICC (95% Confidence Interval (CI)) showed weak to moderate correlations, ranging from 0.087 (−0.224, 0.384) to 0.519 (0.254, 0.713). The rate of correct categorization was 65.0–67.5 % and Kappa’s and Gwet’s coefficients ranged from 0.300 (0.006, 0.594) to 0.360 (0.082, 0.638), indicating poor agreements between patient and surrogates. When comparing the surrogate responders with each other, the percentage of similar diagnosis was 82.5% with corresponding Kappa’s and Gwet’s coefficients of 0.650 (0.417, 0.883) and 0.652 (0.406, 0.898), indicating good agreements among surrogate raters.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>We found weak-to-moderate coefficients for the SNAQ used as a hetero-administrated questionnaire. Further investigation across diverse clinical settings and using larger samples are needed to provide further insights to our preliminary observations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":"29 12","pages":"Article 100693"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145229864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between serum leptin and accelerated biological aging in US adults: Findings from NHANES III","authors":"Kai Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100695","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100695","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54778,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition Health & Aging","volume":"29 12","pages":"Article 100695"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145253775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}