Pub Date : 1999-01-01DOI: 10.1080/14620316.1999.11511091
Ramón Madrid, F. Navarro, I. Collados, C. Egea, A. Alarcón
SummaryThis study investigated the development of colour and the final quality and minimum maturity for the satisfactory ripening of red pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) fruits (`Americano' and `Fibola' cultivars) on sand and perlite substrates. The extractable colour was evaluated by determining chlorophyll and carotenoid content. The use of the chromatic attributes L*, a* and b* of the tristimulus colour (CIELAB) made it possible to follow the development of reflected colour which takes place during fruit ripening. The mature fruit of `Fibola' turn from green to red more quickly and contain higher levels of carotenoids than those of `Americano'. The a* coordinate, chroma (C*) and the metric saturation (S*) values for `Americano' were higher with sand than perlite substrates, and the contrary was true with `Fibola'. Measurements of surface colour for red paprika pepper fruits were judged to be satisfactory for determining threshold maturity; i.e. minimum maturity for satisfactory ripening when considered 65 d...
{"title":"Development of colour in red pepper fruits in soilless culture","authors":"Ramón Madrid, F. Navarro, I. Collados, C. Egea, A. Alarcón","doi":"10.1080/14620316.1999.11511091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14620316.1999.11511091","url":null,"abstract":"SummaryThis study investigated the development of colour and the final quality and minimum maturity for the satisfactory ripening of red pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) fruits (`Americano' and `Fibola' cultivars) on sand and perlite substrates. The extractable colour was evaluated by determining chlorophyll and carotenoid content. The use of the chromatic attributes L*, a* and b* of the tristimulus colour (CIELAB) made it possible to follow the development of reflected colour which takes place during fruit ripening. The mature fruit of `Fibola' turn from green to red more quickly and contain higher levels of carotenoids than those of `Americano'. The a* coordinate, chroma (C*) and the metric saturation (S*) values for `Americano' were higher with sand than perlite substrates, and the contrary was true with `Fibola'. Measurements of surface colour for red paprika pepper fruits were judged to be satisfactory for determining threshold maturity; i.e. minimum maturity for satisfactory ripening when considered 65 d...","PeriodicalId":54808,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticultural Science & Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"1999-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14620316.1999.11511091","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60221220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-01-01DOI: 10.1080/14620316.1999.11511092
A. Ramin
SummaryThe effects of constant high temperatures of 25 and 307C in comparison with a low temperature storage regime at 2&C were investigated on storability of two bulb onion (Allium cepa L.) cvs. Texas Early Grano and Dorcheh (an Iranian cultivar) under 65–75% relative humidity for a period of 270 days. In both cultivars, sprouting of onion bulb is inhibited at high storage temperatures as a result of significant reduction in the relative growth rate of sprout leaves within the bulbs, compared with low-temperature storage at 2&C treatments in both cultivars, and onions became nearly dormant. Onion cv. Texas Early Grano maintained marketability at temperatures of 25 and 30&C for periods of three and two months, respectively. During the first 3–4 months of storage at these high temperatures there was no significant change in pH, total soluble solid (TSS) and titratable acidity of the bulbs contents, compared with a low temperature of 2&C for both cultivars. However, over longer periods, rotting and desiccat...
{"title":"Storage potential of bulb onions (Allium cepa L.) under high temperatures","authors":"A. Ramin","doi":"10.1080/14620316.1999.11511092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14620316.1999.11511092","url":null,"abstract":"SummaryThe effects of constant high temperatures of 25 and 307C in comparison with a low temperature storage regime at 2&C were investigated on storability of two bulb onion (Allium cepa L.) cvs. Texas Early Grano and Dorcheh (an Iranian cultivar) under 65–75% relative humidity for a period of 270 days. In both cultivars, sprouting of onion bulb is inhibited at high storage temperatures as a result of significant reduction in the relative growth rate of sprout leaves within the bulbs, compared with low-temperature storage at 2&C treatments in both cultivars, and onions became nearly dormant. Onion cv. Texas Early Grano maintained marketability at temperatures of 25 and 30&C for periods of three and two months, respectively. During the first 3–4 months of storage at these high temperatures there was no significant change in pH, total soluble solid (TSS) and titratable acidity of the bulbs contents, compared with a low temperature of 2&C for both cultivars. However, over longer periods, rotting and desiccat...","PeriodicalId":54808,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticultural Science & Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"1999-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14620316.1999.11511092","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60221445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-01-01DOI: 10.1080/14620316.1999.11511097
T. Jacyna, K. Dodds
SummaryFour year old `Bing' sweet cherry trees planted at a density of ca. 1500 trees per ha were treated once with paclobutrazol (Cultar) applied as soil drench (SD) where 1 l of paclobutrazol aqueous solution was poured into a furrow around the tree trunk, or applied as a row-side drench (RSD) where 1 l of paclobutrazol solution was divided into two doses of 0.5 l and poured into two furrows located on both edges of the herbicide strip, or a bark painting application (BP) where a 20 cm wide tree bark band was brush-painted with paclobutrazol dissolved in 100% `Surfactant WK'. A standard rate 15 mg paclobutrazol per cm2 of tree trunk cross-sectional area was applied in all three cases. The SD and RSD trees showed signs of shoot growth inhibition 69 d after application, about 12 d before some inhibition was seen on the BP trees. Fruit set was reduced by both the SD and RSD but not by the BP. Yields were not influenced by paclobutrazol in the application year. The highest two-year cumulative yields were ob...
{"title":"EFFECT OF METHOD OF APPLICATION OF PACLOBUTRAZOL IN HIGH-DENSITY SWEET CHERRY ORCHARDS ON TREE PERFORMANCE AND APPARENT SOIL RESIDUE","authors":"T. Jacyna, K. Dodds","doi":"10.1080/14620316.1999.11511097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14620316.1999.11511097","url":null,"abstract":"SummaryFour year old `Bing' sweet cherry trees planted at a density of ca. 1500 trees per ha were treated once with paclobutrazol (Cultar) applied as soil drench (SD) where 1 l of paclobutrazol aqueous solution was poured into a furrow around the tree trunk, or applied as a row-side drench (RSD) where 1 l of paclobutrazol solution was divided into two doses of 0.5 l and poured into two furrows located on both edges of the herbicide strip, or a bark painting application (BP) where a 20 cm wide tree bark band was brush-painted with paclobutrazol dissolved in 100% `Surfactant WK'. A standard rate 15 mg paclobutrazol per cm2 of tree trunk cross-sectional area was applied in all three cases. The SD and RSD trees showed signs of shoot growth inhibition 69 d after application, about 12 d before some inhibition was seen on the BP trees. Fruit set was reduced by both the SD and RSD but not by the BP. Yields were not influenced by paclobutrazol in the application year. The highest two-year cumulative yields were ob...","PeriodicalId":54808,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticultural Science & Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"1999-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14620316.1999.11511097","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60221476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-01-01DOI: 10.1080/14620316.1999.11511096
A. M. Khattak, S. Pearson, C. Johnson
SummaryThis study has searched for interactions between the effects of nitrogen dose, applied at one of four levels, 0.316, 1.0, 3.16 and 10 mM, and four different spectral filters on the growth and development of chrysanthemums. The filters used included two controls with different overall transmissions to photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and two further materials, which selectively filtered either red or far-red light, but with PAR transmission similar to one of the controls. Increasing the nitrogen dose to a maximum of 10 mM from the lowest level led to a four-fold increase in plant dry mass, and a near two-fold increase in plant height. The FR absorbing spectral filters produced significantly shorter plants than both controls (by ca. 10% at final flowering) and for this variable there were no interactions with nitrogen dose. At 10 mM N, the FR-absorbing material also led to an increase in leaf area compared with the R-absorbing material (by 55% after 40.d). However, a significant interaction ...
摘要本研究探讨了0.316、1.0、3.16和10 mM 4个水平氮剂量与4种不同光谱滤光剂对菊花生长发育影响的相互作用。使用的滤光片包括两种对照，它们对光合有效辐射(PAR)的总体透射率不同，另外两种材料选择性地过滤红光或远红光，但PAR透射率与其中一种对照相似。当施氮量从最低水平增加到最大10 mM时，植株干质量增加4倍，株高增加近2倍。FR吸收光谱过滤器产生的植株明显短于两种对照(在最终开花时约缩短10%)，并且该变量与氮剂量没有相互作用。在10 mM N下，吸r材料比吸r材料的叶面积也增加了(40 d后增加了55%)。然而，一个重要的互动……
{"title":"The effect of spectral filters and nitrogen dose on the growth of chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat., cv. Snowdon)","authors":"A. M. Khattak, S. Pearson, C. Johnson","doi":"10.1080/14620316.1999.11511096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14620316.1999.11511096","url":null,"abstract":"SummaryThis study has searched for interactions between the effects of nitrogen dose, applied at one of four levels, 0.316, 1.0, 3.16 and 10 mM, and four different spectral filters on the growth and development of chrysanthemums. The filters used included two controls with different overall transmissions to photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and two further materials, which selectively filtered either red or far-red light, but with PAR transmission similar to one of the controls. Increasing the nitrogen dose to a maximum of 10 mM from the lowest level led to a four-fold increase in plant dry mass, and a near two-fold increase in plant height. The FR absorbing spectral filters produced significantly shorter plants than both controls (by ca. 10% at final flowering) and for this variable there were no interactions with nitrogen dose. At 10 mM N, the FR-absorbing material also led to an increase in leaf area compared with the R-absorbing material (by 55% after 40.d). However, a significant interaction ...","PeriodicalId":54808,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticultural Science & Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"1999-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14620316.1999.11511096","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60221831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-01-01DOI: 10.1080/14620316.1999.11511107
R. Boogaard, K. Kristensen
SummaryDecision support models used to reduce inputs of pesticides require a precise modelling of the changes in assimilate production and distribution, but also of possible changes in developmental rates due to sub-optimal conditions. Changes in developmental rates, which shorten or prolong the growing time may aggravate or reduce the effects of sub-optimal conditions on yield. Therefore, the effect of defoliation on development of cauliflower was investigated in a number of field experiments. Reduction in curd growth due to defoliation during the curd growth phase was compensated by an increased duration of curd growth. It was estimated that defoliation during curd induction corresponded to an increase in temperature sum requirement for curd induction of 15 to 25 degree days, while defoliation during curd growth increased the temperature sum requirement with 12 to 60 degree days. Measurement of maturity by means of curd specific weight showed that defoliation delayed maturity. This implies that yield lo...
{"title":"The effect of defoliation on phenological development and yield in cauliflower","authors":"R. Boogaard, K. Kristensen","doi":"10.1080/14620316.1999.11511107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14620316.1999.11511107","url":null,"abstract":"SummaryDecision support models used to reduce inputs of pesticides require a precise modelling of the changes in assimilate production and distribution, but also of possible changes in developmental rates due to sub-optimal conditions. Changes in developmental rates, which shorten or prolong the growing time may aggravate or reduce the effects of sub-optimal conditions on yield. Therefore, the effect of defoliation on development of cauliflower was investigated in a number of field experiments. Reduction in curd growth due to defoliation during the curd growth phase was compensated by an increased duration of curd growth. It was estimated that defoliation during curd induction corresponded to an increase in temperature sum requirement for curd induction of 15 to 25 degree days, while defoliation during curd growth increased the temperature sum requirement with 12 to 60 degree days. Measurement of maturity by means of curd specific weight showed that defoliation delayed maturity. This implies that yield lo...","PeriodicalId":54808,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticultural Science & Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"1999-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14620316.1999.11511107","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60222677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-01-01DOI: 10.1080/14620316.1999.11511117
J. R. Fellows, D. Wurr, K. Phelps, R. Reader
SummaryTwo experiments were conducted with the early summer cauliflower cvs Perfection and Gypsy. The first was in controlled environment cabinets with nine temperatures ranging from 6.3 to 22.88C. The second was in the field with three planting dates and plants grown with and without fleece cover. The experiment in controlled environments enabled a model to be developed which predicted changes in apex development through both the juvenile and curd induction phases. Both the end of juvenility and curd initiation were defined in terms of apex diameter. For cv. Perfection these were respectively 0.25 and 0.55.mm while with cv. Gypsy they were respectively 0.27 and 0.51.mm. The number of leaves produced at the end of juvenility was very different in the two experiments. When applied to the field temperatures from planting, the model predicted the end of juvenility early and therefore estimates of curd initiation were inaccurate. However, when the model was started, with the recorded apex diameter exceeding t...
{"title":"Initiation of early summer cauliflowers in response to temperature","authors":"J. R. Fellows, D. Wurr, K. Phelps, R. Reader","doi":"10.1080/14620316.1999.11511117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14620316.1999.11511117","url":null,"abstract":"SummaryTwo experiments were conducted with the early summer cauliflower cvs Perfection and Gypsy. The first was in controlled environment cabinets with nine temperatures ranging from 6.3 to 22.88C. The second was in the field with three planting dates and plants grown with and without fleece cover. The experiment in controlled environments enabled a model to be developed which predicted changes in apex development through both the juvenile and curd induction phases. Both the end of juvenility and curd initiation were defined in terms of apex diameter. For cv. Perfection these were respectively 0.25 and 0.55.mm while with cv. Gypsy they were respectively 0.27 and 0.51.mm. The number of leaves produced at the end of juvenility was very different in the two experiments. When applied to the field temperatures from planting, the model predicted the end of juvenility early and therefore estimates of curd initiation were inaccurate. However, when the model was started, with the recorded apex diameter exceeding t...","PeriodicalId":54808,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticultural Science & Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"1999-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14620316.1999.11511117","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60223282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-01-01DOI: 10.1080/14620316.1999.11511120
Xuming Huang, Huicong Wang, F. Gao, Huibai Huang
SummaryTime-course changes of fruit cracking percentage, mechanical properties of pericarp and contents of cell wall components in litchi pericarp were studied by comparing two litchi cultivars differing in cracking susceptibility. Mechanical strength of the pericarp of crack-resistant cv. Huaizhi was greater than that of cracking-susceptible cv. Nuomici. The resistance of `Huaizhi' was also reflected in higher threshold cracking turgor as well as in higher pericarp tensile strength and extensibility. Correspondingly higher contents of calcium and structural components viz. cellulose, hemicellulose and insoluble pectin were found in the pericarp cell walls of `Huaizhi', which might have materially contributed to its higher pericarp strength and thus cracking resistance as compared with `Nuomici'.
{"title":"A comparative study of the pericarp of litchi cultivars susceptible and resistant to fruit cracking","authors":"Xuming Huang, Huicong Wang, F. Gao, Huibai Huang","doi":"10.1080/14620316.1999.11511120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14620316.1999.11511120","url":null,"abstract":"SummaryTime-course changes of fruit cracking percentage, mechanical properties of pericarp and contents of cell wall components in litchi pericarp were studied by comparing two litchi cultivars differing in cracking susceptibility. Mechanical strength of the pericarp of crack-resistant cv. Huaizhi was greater than that of cracking-susceptible cv. Nuomici. The resistance of `Huaizhi' was also reflected in higher threshold cracking turgor as well as in higher pericarp tensile strength and extensibility. Correspondingly higher contents of calcium and structural components viz. cellulose, hemicellulose and insoluble pectin were found in the pericarp cell walls of `Huaizhi', which might have materially contributed to its higher pericarp strength and thus cracking resistance as compared with `Nuomici'.","PeriodicalId":54808,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticultural Science & Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"1999-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14620316.1999.11511120","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60223631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-01-01DOI: 10.1080/14620316.1999.11511130
H. Okuda
SummaryChange in IAA concentrations in the peduncle, branch and intervening abscission zone were measured to clarify the involvement of IAA in citrus fruit drop in response to ABA application. Results indicating the importance of an IAA increase in the abscission zone were obtained. One day after application of ABA, the concentration of IAA in the abscission zone showed a temporary increase and then a decrease. The concentration of IAA in the abscission zone was dependent on the concentration of ABA applied. Changes in the production of ethylene, which is involved in the process of abscission and which is induced by IAA, in explants from treated leafy inflorescences, were examined. The fruit-abscission ratios were also investigated in relation to the time required for preparation. Explants sampled 0±1.d after application showed little abscission or ethylene production during the first 24 h incubation. During the next 24 h, almost all the ABA-applied explants abscinded, as did the control, but the former p...
{"title":"An increase in citrus fruit (Kiyomi tangor) abscission induced by ABA is accompanied by an IAA increase in the abscission zone and ethylene production","authors":"H. Okuda","doi":"10.1080/14620316.1999.11511130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14620316.1999.11511130","url":null,"abstract":"SummaryChange in IAA concentrations in the peduncle, branch and intervening abscission zone were measured to clarify the involvement of IAA in citrus fruit drop in response to ABA application. Results indicating the importance of an IAA increase in the abscission zone were obtained. One day after application of ABA, the concentration of IAA in the abscission zone showed a temporary increase and then a decrease. The concentration of IAA in the abscission zone was dependent on the concentration of ABA applied. Changes in the production of ethylene, which is involved in the process of abscission and which is induced by IAA, in explants from treated leafy inflorescences, were examined. The fruit-abscission ratios were also investigated in relation to the time required for preparation. Explants sampled 0±1.d after application showed little abscission or ethylene production during the first 24 h incubation. During the next 24 h, almost all the ABA-applied explants abscinded, as did the control, but the former p...","PeriodicalId":54808,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticultural Science & Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"1999-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14620316.1999.11511130","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60224156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-01-01DOI: 10.1080/14620316.1999.11511135
K. Marsh, A. Richardson, E. Macrae
SummaryThe growth and composition of satsuma mandarin fruit from trees which had been covered by a tunnel house during either stage one (the first ten weeks after anthesis), stage two (10±20 weeks after anthesis) or throughout fruit growth, were compared with those grown under ambient conditions. During each stage temperature was identified as the key factor influencing fruit development and changes to fruit were generally maintained when trees were returned to ambient conditions. Raising maximum air temperatures in the canopy of trees by 2.4.K during stage one increased both fruit growth rates and accumulation of sugars throughout their development. Titratable acidity levels were also increased and quinate levels decreased when trees were warmed during stage one, but these differences did not persist until harvest. Fruit grown under elevated temperatures during stage one had larger pedicels and dorsal vascular bundles, which suggests that temperatures during early fruit development determine the fruits' ...
{"title":"Early- and mid-season temperature effects on the growth and composition of satsuma mandarins","authors":"K. Marsh, A. Richardson, E. Macrae","doi":"10.1080/14620316.1999.11511135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14620316.1999.11511135","url":null,"abstract":"SummaryThe growth and composition of satsuma mandarin fruit from trees which had been covered by a tunnel house during either stage one (the first ten weeks after anthesis), stage two (10±20 weeks after anthesis) or throughout fruit growth, were compared with those grown under ambient conditions. During each stage temperature was identified as the key factor influencing fruit development and changes to fruit were generally maintained when trees were returned to ambient conditions. Raising maximum air temperatures in the canopy of trees by 2.4.K during stage one increased both fruit growth rates and accumulation of sugars throughout their development. Titratable acidity levels were also increased and quinate levels decreased when trees were warmed during stage one, but these differences did not persist until harvest. Fruit grown under elevated temperatures during stage one had larger pedicels and dorsal vascular bundles, which suggests that temperatures during early fruit development determine the fruits' ...","PeriodicalId":54808,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticultural Science & Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"1999-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14620316.1999.11511135","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60224494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-01-01DOI: 10.1080/14620316.1999.11511145
A. D. Webster, M. Hollands
SummaryTwenty four selections (clones) of M.9 were compared as rootstocks for the apple cv. Cox's Orange Pippin in three orchard trials planted on similar sites at Horticulture Research International (HRI)-East Malling between 1980 and 1987. Rootstock clone effects on maiden tree quality were inconsistent in two of the trials, and appeared to be associated more with nursery conditions at the time of raising the trees than with the clone of rootstock used. Shoot growth following planting in the orchard was related positively to tree size (maiden tree height and feathering) at the time of planting and no differences in initial tree vigour were attributable to rootstock clone. Tree size differences at maturity were variable between trials, were small (10% to 30%), and in most instances not statistically significant. Nevertheless, the scion weights of trees on the Dutch T.337, the French INRA 71/0 and Lancep (Pajam 1) rootstock clones were 10% to 30% smaller than trees on the EMLA clone when the trials were t...
{"title":"Orchard comparisons of `Cox's Orange Pippin' grown on selections of the apple rootstock M.9","authors":"A. D. Webster, M. Hollands","doi":"10.1080/14620316.1999.11511145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14620316.1999.11511145","url":null,"abstract":"SummaryTwenty four selections (clones) of M.9 were compared as rootstocks for the apple cv. Cox's Orange Pippin in three orchard trials planted on similar sites at Horticulture Research International (HRI)-East Malling between 1980 and 1987. Rootstock clone effects on maiden tree quality were inconsistent in two of the trials, and appeared to be associated more with nursery conditions at the time of raising the trees than with the clone of rootstock used. Shoot growth following planting in the orchard was related positively to tree size (maiden tree height and feathering) at the time of planting and no differences in initial tree vigour were attributable to rootstock clone. Tree size differences at maturity were variable between trials, were small (10% to 30%), and in most instances not statistically significant. Nevertheless, the scion weights of trees on the Dutch T.337, the French INRA 71/0 and Lancep (Pajam 1) rootstock clones were 10% to 30% smaller than trees on the EMLA clone when the trials were t...","PeriodicalId":54808,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticultural Science & Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"1999-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/14620316.1999.11511145","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60224870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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