International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping最新文献

{"title":"HTHA-induced degradation in boilers: A life assessment approach using advanced NDT, metallography, and strategic maintenance","authors":"Nugroho Karya Yudha ,&nbsp;Nosal Nugroho Pratama ,&nbsp;Dwipa Fattamonas ,&nbsp;Wahyuda Prakasa ,&nbsp;Eka Wijayanto ,&nbsp;Saiful Bahri ,&nbsp;Akmal Irfan Majid ,&nbsp;Deendarlianto ,&nbsp;Muhammad Akhsin Muflikhun","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105666","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105666","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a comprehensive life assessment of a Process Water Boiler affected by High-Temperature Hydrogen Attack (HTHA) after over 27 years of continuous operation. Constructed primarily from C-0.5Mo steel and subjected to elevated hydrogen partial pressures and temperatures up to 346.5 °C, the boiler was evaluated using a combination of advanced Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) techniques—Phased Array Ultrasonic Testing with Total Focusing Method (PAUT-TFM) and Magnetic Particle Inspection (MPI)—alongside hardness measurements and metallographic analysis. The PAUT-TFM revealed progressive HTHA damage in critical regions, with estimated damage progression rates ranging from 0.1 to 7.6 mm/year over a 10-month monitoring period. MPI confirmed the presence of a surface-breaking crack in the longitudinal weld near the inlet, accompanied by subsurface blistering and microcracking. Hardness testing identified significant softening, particularly at the inlet, with values falling below the typical hardness threshold for C-0.5Mo steel (157 HV), indicative of decarburization. Metallographic analysis corroborated these findings, revealing increased ferrite content and carbide depletion in HTHA-prone zones. The integration of destructive and non-destructive assessments confirms that the material has entered an advanced and irreversible degradation phase. Given the high structural risk and limited feasibility of repairs, the study recommends targeted component replacement using hydrogen-resistant alloys such as 1.25Cr-0.5Mo, guided by thermal exposure assessments and Nelson Curves. These findings emphasize the critical importance of early detection, informed material selection, strategic maintenance, and replacement planning to ensure long-term operational safety and reliability in hydrogen-intensive environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping","volume":"219 ","pages":"Article 105666"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145320566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Automation in digital analysis solutions for nuclear design-construction integration using BIM-FEM interoperability","authors":"Harleen Kaur Sandhu ,&nbsp;William Ashe ,&nbsp;Nicholas Crowder ,&nbsp;Abhinav Gupta ,&nbsp;Kevin Han ,&nbsp;Saran Srikanth Bodda","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105661","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105661","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Design changes during the construction phase of nuclear power plants can lead to significant financial expenses and delays in the project schedule, largely due to the complex regulatory and safety requirements specific to nuclear facilities. Effective communication and management of these changes with all involved parties to assess the associated risks effectively can potentially prevent cost overruns and delays. Enhancing the interoperability between building information modeling (BIM) and finite element (FE) analysis software can mitigate the impacts of redesign through efficient communication between design and construction teams. This improvement involves creating an FE model for structural elements or mechanical piping systems based on BIM’s building data. Accurate identification of the geometric location and section properties of BIM elements is essential for precise FE model development. Hence, this study provides an overview of an interoperability interface program between BIM and FEM, facilitating the seamless integration of efforts by design and construction engineers to ensure alignment across different project components. The extracted structural properties are utilized to generate accurate geometric and structural FE models in ANSYS Mechanical APDL. Prior to approving design changes due to construction constraints, a thorough structural analysis must be conducted. This research explores automated structural analysis of nuclear systems using an updated FEM model, emphasizing standardized interfaces for software communication. Improved interoperability and automated FE analysis not only enhance the flow of critical information between design and construction engineers but also provide a basis for risk-informed construction management, enhancing both safety and efficiency in nuclear power plant construction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping","volume":"219 ","pages":"Article 105661"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145158429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"False sensor-data detection strategy for post-hazard condition monitoring of nuclear systems using statistical approaches and long short-term memory","authors":"Harleen Kaur Sandhu ,&nbsp;Joomyung Lee ,&nbsp;Saran Srikanth Bodda ,&nbsp;Abhinav Gupta ,&nbsp;Nam Dinh","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105662","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105662","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Next-generation nuclear power plants are advancing toward autonomous Online Monitoring (OLM) systems to ensure operational safety and efficiency. A critical factor in the reliability of OLM systems is the integrity of sensor data collected from the facility. Erroneous sensor data can compromise the OLM’s ability to accurately assess the plant’s condition, potentially leading to severe safety risks. For instance, in post-hazard scenarios like earthquakes, undetected faulty data may obscure degraded conditions in piping and equipment systems. Such degradation, if unchecked, can escalate into catastrophic events, including loss of coolant accidents (LOCAs). This study introduces an innovative False Signal Detection and Correction Model (FSDCM) designed to safeguard OLM data integrity. The FSDCM operates through a two-step mechanism: first, it employs statistical correlation analysis to detect false sensor data; second, it uses deep learning algorithms to correct these inaccuracies. By analyzing historical data and learning patterns, the deep learning component can overwrite erroneous sensor readings with validated data, enhancing reliability. A case study on a nuclear piping system demonstrates FSDCM’s effectiveness. Using finite element simulations, acceleration-time series signals are generated as sensor data, and random noise is introduced to simulate false signals. The FSDCM accurately identifies and corrects these anomalies across various test scenarios, showing robust detection and correction capabilities. This novel framework not only enhances operational accuracy but also plays a vital role in risk mitigation for nuclear facilities, paving the way for safer, more autonomous power plant management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping","volume":"219 ","pages":"Article 105662"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145158432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low-cycle fatigue behaviour of Hastelloy C-276: Cyclic hardening, life prediction, and fracture mechanisms","authors":"Banoth Shivakumar,&nbsp;Ajoy Kumar Pandey","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105663","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105663","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hastelloy C-276, a high-performance nickel-molybdenum-chromium superalloy, is widely employed in pressure vessels, heat exchangers, and piping systems operating under aggressive thermal and chemical environments. Components made from this alloy frequently experience intense thermal cycles and mechanical loading during service, making a robust understanding of low-cycle fatigue (LCF) essential for safe and optimised design. In this study, the LCF behaviour of Hastelloy C-276 was systematically investigated at 550 °C, 650 °C, and 700 °C, under total strain amplitudes of ±0.25 %, ±0.4 %, and ±0.6 %. Findings reveal a substantial decline in fatigue life with both rising temperature and strain amplitude; the number of cycles to failure (N_f) decreased from 324,660 cycles at 550 °C (±0.25 %) to 282 cycles at 700 °C (±0.6 %). Dynamic strain ageing (DSA) phenomena, most prominent at 550 °C, manifested as stress–strain curve serrations and cyclic hardening, impacting fatigue performance. Fatigue life predictions using Coffin–Manson–Basquin and Ostergren energy models closely matched experimental results, with all predictions falling within a factor of 1.5 of the measured data. Fractographic analysis unveiled transgranular fracture modes with secondary cracks as temperature increased and quantified striation spacing with respect to loading conditions. These insights clarify the interplay between operational parameters and fatigue mechanisms in C-276, providing actionable guidance for the life assessment and reliable, high-temperature design of critical pressure-retaining components.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping","volume":"219 ","pages":"Article 105663"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145221031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of postweld heat treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of simulated coarse grain heat-affected zone in P92 heat-resistant steel","authors":"Lei Hu ,&nbsp;Kaizhe Zhang ,&nbsp;Lin Yuan","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105656","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105656","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Owing to its outstanding creep strength and corrosion durability, P92 steel has become an indispensable material for high temperature components of ultra-supercritical power units. Postweld heat treatment (PWHT) is required to stabilize the microstructure and improve the toughness of weld joints. The coarse-grained heat-affected zone (CGHAZ) is the most brittle fracture-prone region in welded joints due to its low fracture toughness. In this study, the welding thermal simulation method was used to prepare the microstructure of CGHAZ in P92 steel welded joints, and the effect of tempering parameters on the microstructure and mechanical properties were systematically investigated. The results indicated that PWHT promoted the precipitation of secondary phases, and the precipitates progressively coarsen with increasing tempering parameters. Meanwhile, the hardness was significantly decreased and the impact toughness was concurrently improved. The prediction model based on the <em>P</em>-parameter and <em>λ</em>-parameter methods were employed to quantify the relationship among tempering temperature, time, and mechanical properties. Based on prediction model and comprehensive assessment of the synergistic variations in impact toughness, hardness, and tensile strength, the optimal tempering <em>P</em>-parameter of P92 steel is determined to be 20.97–21.47 and the corresponding tempering parameters are 760 °C × (2–6) h. The corresponding hardness was 199–211 HV, the impact absorption energy was 103–113 J, and the tensile strength was 576–610 MPa.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping","volume":"219 ","pages":"Article 105656"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145120865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel framework for simulating fatigue crack propagation in X70 pipelines with girth welds: Full-scale testing and phase field method","authors":"Jianxing Yu ,&nbsp;Yefan Su ,&nbsp;Yang Yu ,&nbsp;Zihang Jin ,&nbsp;Zhongzhen Sun ,&nbsp;Ruoke Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105658","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105658","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fatigue damage caused by crack propagation poses a significant threat to pipeline integrity. In this study, a novel computational framework was proposed to simulate fatigue crack propagation in X70 pipelines with girth welds. The proposed framework is based on the phase field method and incorporates the interface phase field, sequentially coupled thermal-stress analysis, and acceleration strategies. The framework introduces the interface phase field to tackle the material discontinuity between the weld and the base metal. A full-scale pipeline fatigue test was conducted using the resonance bending fatigue method to validate the accuracy of the proposed framework. The comparison between the simulation and experimental results confirmed the accuracy of the proposed framework. The results show that the proposed framework can accurately predict the fatigue crack propagation in pipelines with girth welds under high-cycle fatigue conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping","volume":"219 ","pages":"Article 105658"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145120866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on the fracture failure mechanism of full-scale pipeline girth welds with central/interfacial crack","authors":"Yinhui Zhang ,&nbsp;Fuxiang Wang ,&nbsp;Zhiyang Lv ,&nbsp;Tieyao Zhang ,&nbsp;Jian Shuai","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105655","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105655","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The fracture failure of oil and gas pipelines is an important form, especially the fracture problem of girth welds has become the current research focus. This paper employs a material damage model and finite element analysis to study the fracture failure mechanism of the full-scale pipeline welded joints with central/interfacial crack. According to the findings, the fracture mechanism of the interfacial crack is more complicated than previously thought. Under conditions of a large weld matching coefficient, the interfacial crack in the full-scale overmatched girth welds deflects into the heat-affected zone (HAZ) after reaching a specific length. Significant plastic strain zones develop from the crack front to the right-side pipeline's inner side after the crack has grown, but high stress triaxiality zones primarily disperse in the HAZ before the crack tip. In the case of undermatched full-scale pipeline girth welds, the growth of the interfacial crack does not deflect. A large plastic strain region is formed from the crack front to the inner side of the left-side HAZ, and high stress triaxiality zones distribute along the interface within the weld metal (WM). Under varying weld strength matching conditions, elevating the matching coefficient consistently enhances crack growth resistance while correspondingly diminishing the driving force. Decreasing the weld matching coefficient, enhancing the base metal (BM) strain hardening exponent, intensifying HAZ softening, or applying internal pressure all collectively reduce the strain-bearing capacity of pipeline girth welds. Under identical conditions, the deformation resistance of pipelines with the interfacial crack is significantly lower than that of pipelines containing the central crack in girth welds. The interfacial crack shall be analyzed separately from the non-interfacial weld crack to avoid pipeline failure caused by insufficient understanding of its danger level.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping","volume":"219 ","pages":"Article 105655"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145106640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Stresses in the Junctions of Shell Structures with Bolted Flange Rings","authors":"Abdel-Hakim Bouzid,&nbsp;Mohammad Choulaei","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105660","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105660","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bolted flange joints are favored across a spectrum of pressure vessel applications within diverse industries, owing to their simplicity in installation and operation. However, ensuring their structural integrity and leak-proof performance necessitates careful consideration of both operational conditions and the nature of the connected shell. Yet, the existing ASME BPV Code for flange design lacks inclusion of a leakage criterion or flexibility analysis, hindering accurate assessment of these critical characteristics.</div><div>This research aims to comprehensively evaluate the integrity and leakage resilience of various shell configurations attached to flange rings. The investigation will scrutinize pivotal factors such as flange rotation and stress distribution at the flange-shell interface, leveraging diverse shell theories across three distinct flange sizes: NPS 26, 48, and 60. Additionally, four prevalent types of shell connections—cylindrical, spherical, dish, and conical—will be juxtaposed. Notably, all shell connections are directly affixed to the raised-face flange ring. To facilitate comparison and validation, these shell connections will be simulated using a versatile finite element program, augmenting the analytical approach. Noteworthy is the incorporation of the gasket's nonlinear behavior in the finite element analysis, a crucial aspect overlooked in the analytical modeling process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping","volume":"219 ","pages":"Article 105660"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145158431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine learning-based prediction models of single weld bead attributes in wire arc additive manufacturing of Inconel 625 superalloy and process map generation","authors":"Van Thao Le ,&nbsp;Duc Manh Dinh ,&nbsp;Van-Chau Tran ,&nbsp;Quang Huy Mai ,&nbsp;Quoc Hoang Pham","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105659","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105659","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Currently, wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) is widely investigated to manufacture large-scale parts in various industry sectors - e.g., shipbuilding, aeronautics, and tooling. In WAAM processes, single weld beads (SWBs) are considered as basic elements in deposition path planning, and their attributes remarkably impact on the stability and quality of as-deposited parts. The SWB size, including bead width (<em>W</em>) and height (<em>H</em>), directly involves the deposition path planning. Meanwhile, the aspect ratio <em>H/W</em> and the penetration depth (<em>D</em>) relate to the process stability and adhesive strengths between layers, respectively. As a result, predicting SWB attributes in function of process parameters - e.g., wire feeding speed (<em>WFS</em>) and traveling speed (<em>TS</em>) is essential. In this research, models for predicting SWB attributes in WAAM of Inconel 625 superalloy are developed, using popular machine learning (ML) models - linear regression (LR), neural network regression (NNR), support vector regression (SVR), and gaussian process regression (GPR). The performance of ML models is assessed and compared to selecting the best one for each attribute (<em>H</em>, <em>W</em>, <em>H/W</em>, and <em>PD</em>). The relations between the SWB attributes and process variables are also discussed. The results indicate that the effects of process variables on the SWBs’ attributes are complex and nonlinear. <em>WFS</em> shows the most contribution to the bead width <em>W</em> and the aspect ratio <em>H/W</em> with a contribution of 74.61 % and 60.55 %, respectively, while the travel speed <em>TS</em> reveals the greatest effect contribution to the bead height <em>H</em> and the penetration depth <em>PD</em> with a contribution of 90.46 % and 58.20 %, respectively. All the SVR, NNR and GPR models reveal greater performance than the LR model in predicting <em>H</em>, <em>W</em>, <em>H/W</em>, and <em>PD</em>. Compared to other ones, the GPR models feature the highest accuracy when predicting <em>H</em>, <em>W</em>, <em>H/W</em>, and <em>PD</em>. Their evaluation metrics {MAE, MSE, R²} in prediction of <em>H</em>, <em>W</em>, <em>H/W</em>, and <em>PD</em> are {0.097, 0.013, 0.95}, {0.125, 0.025, 0.98}, {0.018, 0.00051, 0.90}, and {0.075, 0.007, 0.93}, respectively. Based on the developed GPR models, process maps describing relationships between the process variables and responses are built for operators to select proper process parameters that enable producing the desirable SWBs coherent to specific applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping","volume":"219 ","pages":"Article 105659"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145106639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erosive wear behavior of FRP composite pipes under varying impingement angles, impact velocities and flow directions","authors":"Seyit Mehmet Demet ,&nbsp;Yusuf Kepir ,&nbsp;Alper Gunoz ,&nbsp;Harun Sepetcioglu ,&nbsp;Mehmet Bagci ,&nbsp;Memduh Kara","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105657","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105657","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composite pipes are emerging as superior alternatives in sectors such as oil and gas, chemical processing, and aerospace, owing to their high strength-to-weight ratio, corrosion resistance, and design flexibility; however, their long-term durability is susceptible to erosion wear when exposed to abrasive particles. This study experimentally investigates the solid particle erosion (SPE) behavior of filament-wound carbon (CFR/EP), glass (GFR/EP), and basalt (BFR/EP) fiber-reinforced epoxy pipes by ASTM G76-18. Tests were conducted under varied impingement angles (30°, 45°, 60°, 90°), flow directions (axial and radial), and particle velocities (28 and 34 m/s), using both erosion rate (<em>ER</em>) and volumetric material loss to assess performance. All composites demonstrated a semi-ductile erosion response, with degradation consistently peaking at a 45° impingement angle across all test conditions. An increase in particle velocity from 28 to 34 m/s induced a near two-fold escalation in <em>ER</em>. Among the materials, BFR/EP exhibited the highest erosion rates, whereas CFR/EP was the most resistant. Notably, <em>ER</em> values were consistently higher in the axial flow direction, exceeding radial values by 20–40 % under the most severe condition (45° at 34 m/s). Paradoxically, despite its lower <em>ER</em>, CFR/EP suffered greater volumetric material loss than GFR/EP, a discrepancy attributed to its significantly lower fiber volume fraction (42.4 %) compared to GFR/EP (68.9 %) and BFR/EP (59.7 %). These findings emphasize that both <em>ER</em> and volumetric loss are critical metrics for designing thin-walled pipes, thereby providing a crucial scientific basis for material selection in environments characterized by erosive, multi-directional flow.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping","volume":"219 ","pages":"Article 105657"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145158430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}