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Temporal properties of preparation phase for arm-pointing movements in various directions and distances 不同方向和距离的手臂指向运动准备阶段的时间特性
IF 1.6 3区 心理学 Q4 NEUROSCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2024.103256
Soma Okuuchi , Hirokazu Yamamoto , Keisuke Tani , Keisuke Kushiro

In this study, we investigated how the temporal properties of the preparation phase for upper limb movements are affected by the reaching direction and distance. Twelve right-handed participants performed three motor tasks: two types of reaching movements and one finger-lifting movement. The reaching movements were performed from the home position to 15 target locations (five directions and three distances) as quickly and precisely as possible under two conditions: pre-cueing the target to allocate the sufficient time for the motor-planning process before movement initiation, and no-cuing. The finger lifting movement was performed by lifting the index finger (from the home position) upward in the air as quickly as possible. The reaction time (RT), movement time (MT), and kinematics of the index finger were obtained for each condition. In addition, differential RTs (DRT) were calculated by subtracting the RT for no-cue lifting from that for no-cue reaching, thereby implicitly representing the time required for the motor-planning process for reaching movements. The results indicated the anisotropy of the DRTs being larger in the forward and left-forward directions than that in the right-forward direction, and larger in the forward direction than that in the right direction for the middle distance. It is suggested that the temporal costs of the motor-planning process depend on the movement direction and distance. In the kinematic analysis, the MTs showed the anisotropy being the largest in the left-forward among all directions. Meanwhile, the time from peak velocity to terminate the movement (TFPV) was significantly longer in the left-forward direction when no-cueing the target than when pre-cueing. These results suggest that reaching movement is refined during the online-control process to accomplish the intended performance if a reaching movement under the no-cue condition is initiated before building sufficient motor planning, especially in the direction requiring large temporal costs. It is likely that humans achieve their intended movements by allocating the temporal costs required before and after movement initiation according to the difficulty of motor control which varies with the direction and distance.

在这项研究中,我们探讨了上肢运动准备阶段的时间特性如何受到伸手方向和距离的影响。12 名右撇子参与者完成了三项运动任务:两种伸手动作和一种抬指动作。伸手动作是在两种条件下尽可能快速、准确地从原位到达 15 个目标位置(五个方向和三个距离):预先提示目标,以便在动作开始前为运动规划过程分配足够的时间;不提示目标。抬指动作是将食指(从原点)以最快速度向上抬起。在每种情况下,均可获得食指的反应时间(RT)、运动时间(MT)和运动学数据。此外,通过从无提示抬起的反应时间中减去无提示伸手的反应时间,计算出了差异反应时间(DRT),从而隐含地表示了伸手动作的运动规划过程所需的时间。结果表明,DRTs 的各向异性在前向和左向比右向大,在中距离时,前向比右向大。这表明运动规划过程的时间成本取决于运动方向和距离。在运动学分析中,MT 的各向异性在所有方向中以左前方最大。同时,在没有目标提示的情况下,左前方从峰值速度到终止运动的时间(TFPV)明显长于预提示时。这些结果表明,如果在无提示条件下的伸手动作是在建立充分的运动规划之前开始的,那么伸手动作会在联机控制过程中得到改进,以达到预期的效果,尤其是在需要大量时间成本的方向上。人类很可能是根据运动控制的难度(随方向和距离的变化而变化)来分配运动开始前后所需的时间成本,从而完成预期动作的。
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引用次数: 0
Instantaneous phase of rhythmic behaviour under volitional control 在意志控制下的节奏行为瞬时相位。
IF 1.6 3区 心理学 Q4 NEUROSCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2024.103249
Leonardo Lancia

The phase of signals representing cyclic behavioural patterns provides valuable information for understanding the mechanisms driving the observed behaviours. Methods usually adopted to estimate the phase, which are based on projecting the signal onto the complex plane, have strict requirements on its frequency content, which limits their application. To overcome these limitations, input signals can be processed using band-pass filters or decomposition techniques. In this paper, we briefly review these approaches and propose a new one. Our approach is based on the principles of Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD), but unlike EMD, it does not aim to decompose the input signal. This avoids the many problems that can occur when extracting a signal's components one by one. The proposed approach estimates the phase of experimental signals that have one main oscillatory component modulated by slower activity and perturbed by weak, sparse, or random activity at faster time scales. We illustrate how our approach works by estimating the phase dynamics of synthetic signals and real-world signals representing knee angles during flexion/extension activity, heel height during gait, and the activity of different organs involved in speech production.

代表周期性行为模式的信号的相位为了解观察到的行为的驱动机制提供了宝贵的信息。通常采用的相位估算方法是将信号投影到复平面上,对信号的频率内容有严格的要求,因此限制了其应用范围。为了克服这些限制,可以使用带通滤波器或分解技术来处理输入信号。在本文中,我们简要回顾了这些方法,并提出了一种新的方法。我们的方法基于经验模式分解(EMD)原理,但与 EMD 不同的是,它不以分解输入信号为目标。这就避免了逐一提取信号成分时可能出现的诸多问题。我们提出的方法可以估算出实验信号的相位,这些信号有一个主要振荡成分,由较慢的活动调制,并在较快的时间尺度上受到微弱、稀疏或随机活动的扰动。我们通过估算合成信号和真实世界信号的相位动态来说明我们的方法是如何工作的,这些信号分别代表屈伸活动中的膝关节角度、步态中的脚跟高度以及语言产生过程中不同器官的活动。
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引用次数: 0
Characterization of bilateral reaching development using augmented reality games 利用增强现实游戏描述双臂伸展能力的发展。
IF 1.6 3区 心理学 Q4 NEUROSCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2024.103254
Shelby Ziccardi , Samantha Timanus , Ghazaleh Ashrafzadehkian , Stephen J. Guy , Rachel L. Hawe

Bilateral coordination is commonly impaired in neurodevelopmental conditions including cerebral palsy, developmental coordination disorder, and autism spectrum disorder. However, we lack objective clinical assessments that can quantify bilateral coordination in a clinically feasible manner and determine age-based norms to identify impairments. The objective of this study was to use augmented reality and computer vision to characterize bilateral reaching abilities in typically developing children. Typically developing children (n = 133) ages 6–17 years completed symmetric and asymmetric bilateral reaching tasks in an augmented reality game environment. We analyzed the number of target pairs they could reach in 50 s as well as the time lag between their hands reaching the targets. We found that performance on both tasks developed in parallel, with development slowing but not plateauing after age 12. Children performed better on the symmetric task than asymmetric, both in targets reached and with shorter hand lags. Variability between children in hand lag decreased with age. We also found gender differences with females outperforming males, which were most pronounced in the 10–11 year olds. Overall, this study demonstrates parallel development through childhood and adolescence of symmetric and asymmetric reaching abilities. Furthermore, it demonstrates the ability to quantify bilateral coordination using computer vision and augmented reality, which can be applied to assess clinical populations.

在神经发育疾病(包括脑瘫、发育协调障碍和自闭症谱系障碍)中,双侧协调能力普遍受损。然而,我们缺乏客观的临床评估,无法以临床可行的方式量化双侧协调能力,也无法确定基于年龄的标准来识别障碍。本研究的目的是利用增强现实技术和计算机视觉来描述发育正常儿童的双侧伸手能力。6-17 岁的典型发育期儿童(n = 133)在增强现实游戏环境中完成了对称和不对称的双侧伸手任务。我们分析了他们在 50 秒内能够到的目标对数量以及双手够到目标之间的时间差。我们发现,儿童在这两项任务上的表现是同步发展的,12 岁以后发展速度放缓,但并没有趋于平稳。儿童在对称任务中的表现要好于不对称任务,无论是在到达目标方面还是在手的滞后时间较短方面。随着年龄的增长,儿童之间在手滞后方面的差异也在减小。我们还发现了性别差异,女性的表现优于男性,这在 10-11 岁的儿童中最为明显。总之,这项研究表明,对称和非对称伸手能力在儿童期和青少年期是平行发展的。此外,它还展示了利用计算机视觉和增强现实技术量化双侧协调能力的能力,可用于评估临床人群。
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引用次数: 0
Differential performance on a motor task according to the preference for task-irrelevant elements that are chosen or assigned: A randomized controlled study 根据对任务无关元素的选择或分配,在运动任务中的表现会有所不同:随机对照研究
IF 1.6 3区 心理学 Q4 NEUROSCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2024.103253
Félix Arbinaga , Eduardo José Fernández-Ozcorta , Irene Checa , Ana García-Robles , Débora Godoy-Izquierdo

This study explored the impact of choice and preference for what is chosen or assigned on performance on a motor task. Using an experimental design with a dart-throwing task, 90 novice participants were randomized into four groups: Choice-Like condition, Choice-Dislike condition, Assigned-Like condition, and Assigned-Dislike condition, resulting of the manipulation of choice (vs. assignation) of a task-irrelevant element and preference (irrelevant element: darts color and design). The study found that participants who were given the opportunity to choose their own dart for a throwing task performed better than those who were not given the choice. Participants who threw a dart they preferred also had better scores than those who threw a dart they did not like. However, the interactive effects of choice and preference on performance were inconclusive, and whereas being assigned with a disliked element was the worst condition for performance, and being allowed to choose preferred elements the most facilitatory one, nothing else can be concluded on the impact of both conditions alone or in combination. These results suggest that both choice and preference can positively impact performance in closed motor learning tasks and have practical applications for training and execution in athletic performance. Further investigations are warranted to delve into the interplay of choice and preference in diverse contexts and populations.

本研究探讨了选择和偏好对运动任务表现的影响。通过投掷飞镖任务的实验设计,90 名新手被随机分为四组:选择-喜欢条件组、选择-不喜欢条件组、分配-喜欢条件组和分配-不喜欢条件组,对任务无关元素的选择(与分配)和偏好(无关元素:飞镖的颜色和设计)进行操纵。研究发现,在投掷任务中,有机会自己选择飞镖的参与者比没有机会选择的参与者表现得更好。投掷自己喜欢的飞镖的参与者也比投掷自己不喜欢的飞镖的参与者得分更高。然而,选择和偏好对成绩的交互影响并没有定论,虽然被分配到不喜欢的元素对成绩的影响最差,而允许选择偏好的元素对成绩的影响最大,但对这两种条件单独或组合的影响却没有其他结论。这些结果表明,在封闭式运动学习任务中,选择和偏好都能对成绩产生积极影响,并可实际应用于运动成绩的训练和执行。我们有必要进一步研究选择和偏好在不同环境和人群中的相互作用。
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引用次数: 0
A coactivation strategy in anticipatory postural adjustments during voluntary unilateral arm movement while standing in individuals with bilateral spastic cerebral palsy 在双侧痉挛性脑瘫患者站立时进行单侧手臂自主运动的过程中,对预期姿势调整采取共同激活策略
IF 1.6 3区 心理学 Q4 NEUROSCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2024.103255
Daisuke Kawaguchi , Hidehito Tomita , Yoshiki Fukaya , Akira Kanai

Individuals with bilateral spastic cerebral palsy (BSCP) reportedly has problems with anticipatory postural adjustments (APAs) while standing. However, the use of coactivation strategy in APAs in individuals with BSCP has conflicting evidence. Hence, this study aimed to investigate postural muscle activities in BSCP during unilateral arm flexion task in which postural perturbations occur in the sagittal, frontal, and horizontal planes. We included 10 individuals with BSCP with level II on the Gross Motor Function Classification System (BSCP group) and 10 individuals without disability (control group). The participants stood on a force platform and rapidly flexed a shoulder from 0° to 90° at their own timing. Surface electromyograms were recorded from the rectus femoris, medial hamstring, tibialis anterior, and medial gastrocnemius. The control group showed a mixture of anticipatory activation and inhibition of postural muscles, whereas the BSCP group predominantly exhibited anticipatory activation with slight anticipatory inhibition. Compared with the control group, the BSCP group tended to activate the ipsilateral and contralateral postural muscles and the agonist–antagonist muscle pairs. The BSCP group had a larger disturbance in postural equilibrium, quantified by the peak displacement of center of pressure during the unilateral arm flexion, than those without disability. Individuals with BSCP may use coactivation strategy, mainly the anticipatory activation of postural muscle activity, during a task that requires a selective postural muscle activity to maintain stable posture.

据报道,双侧痉挛性脑瘫(BSCP)患者在站立时存在预期姿势调整(APA)问题。然而,在双侧痉挛性脑瘫患者的站立姿势调整中使用协同激活策略的证据并不一致。因此,本研究旨在调查 BSCP 在单侧手臂屈曲任务中的姿势肌肉活动,该任务中的姿势扰动发生在矢状面、额状面和水平面上。研究对象包括 10 名粗大运动功能分级系统二级的 BSCP 患者(BSCP 组)和 10 名无残疾者(对照组)。参与者站在受力平台上,按照自己的时间将肩膀从 0° 快速弯曲至 90°。对股直肌、内侧腘绳肌、胫骨前肌和内侧腓肠肌的表面肌电图进行了记录。对照组显示出姿势肌的预期激活和抑制,而 BSCP 组则主要显示出预期激活和轻微的预期抑制。与对照组相比,BSCP 组倾向于激活同侧和对侧姿势肌以及激动-拮抗肌对。与无残疾者相比,BSCP 组的姿势平衡紊乱程度更大,其量化标准是单侧手臂屈曲时压力中心的峰值位移。BSCP患者在完成一项需要选择性姿势肌肉活动以保持稳定姿势的任务时,可能会使用协同激活策略,主要是预期性激活姿势肌肉活动。
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引用次数: 0
Coordination and coordination variability during single-leg drop jump landing in children 儿童单脚跳落地时的协调性和协调变异性
IF 1.6 3区 心理学 Q4 NEUROSCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-07-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2024.103251
Gonzalo Monfort-Torres , Xavier García-Massó , Jiří Skýpala , Denisa Blaschová , Isaac Estevan

Coordinative patterns require experience and learning to be acquired, producing movements that offer efficient solutions to various situations and involving certain degree of variability. This coordination variability implies functionality in movement, but it can be impacted by the type of sport practice from early years. The purpose of this work is to analyze the coordination variability and coordination patterns in a specific action such as single-leg landing in children practicing gymnastics, volleyball and non-sporting children.

Thirty children (15 girls) performed 10 successful trials of single-leg landing from a height of 25 cm. A motion capture system (9 cameras) was used to capture 3D thigh and shank kinematics. To identify the significant effect of children's groups on coordination and coordination variability during single-leg landing, one-dimensional Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM) was used.

Regarding the coordination patterns, in the frontal plane, during the attenuation phase of single-leg landing, the control group exhibited a higher frequency of Anti-Phase with proximal dominancy compared to the sport groups (i.e., gymnastics, and volleyball). In addition, in the sagittal plane during the second peak phase, volleyball players exhibited a higher coordination variability than the gymnastics.

The children in the control group showed a greater frequency of antiphasic movements, which indicates the influence of training at an early age, being a determining factor in the increase or not of variability.

协调模式需要经验和学习才能获得,它所产生的动作能为各种情况提供有效的解决办 法,并具有一定程度的可变性。这种协调变异性意味着动作的功能性,但它会受到自幼进行的体育锻炼类型的影响。这项工作的目的是分析练习体操、排球的儿童和非运动儿童在单腿着地等特定动作中的协调变异性和协调模式。使用动作捕捉系统(9 个摄像头)捕捉大腿和小腿的三维运动学数据。在协调模式方面,与运动组(即体操组和排球组)相比,在单腿着地的衰减阶段,对照组在正面表现出更高频率的近端优势反相。此外,在第二高峰阶段的矢状面上,排球运动员比体操运动员表现出更高的协调变异性。对照组儿童表现出更高频率的反相位动作,这表明幼年训练的影响是变异性增加与否的决定性因素。
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引用次数: 0
Interlimb coordination and spatiotemporal variability during walking and running in children with developmental coordination disorder and typically developing children 发育协调障碍儿童和发育正常儿童在行走和奔跑过程中的肢体间协调性和时空变异性
IF 1.6 3区 心理学 Q4 NEUROSCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-07-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2024.103252
Mieke Goetschalckx , Lousin Moumdjian , Peter Feys , Eugene Rameckers
<div><h3>Background</h3><p>A different interlimb coordination and higher variability in movement patterns is evident in children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD). The impact of DCD on interlimb coordination during walking and running is unknown.</p></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><p>To assess interlimb coordination and spatiotemporal variability during overground walking and running in children with and without DCD.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Children with DCD and typically developing children (TDC), from 8 to 12 years participated. Children were equipped with portable sensors. Participants walked and ran for 3 min in an oval-path at their comfortable pace. Interlimb coordination, expressed by the phase coordination index (PCI), and spatiotemporal variability (coefficient of variance (CoV)) were collected.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Twenty-one children with DCD and 23 TDC participated. During walking, PCI showed similar values in both groups, but a higher spatiotemporal variability was observed in children with DCD. During running, PCI was higher (reduced coordination) in children with DCD than TDC and a higher spatiotemporal variability was shown.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions and implications</h3><p>Only during running, interlimb coordination of children with DCD was lower than TDC. During both walking and running tasks, spatiotemporal variability was higher in DCD. Current results implicate that difficulties in children with DCD is more prominent when motor coordination is more challenged.</p></div><div><h3>What this paper adds</h3><p>This paper adds to the literature on coordination and gait pattern in children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) through a cross-sectional analysis of interlimb coordination and variability of spatiotemporal measures of overground walking and running. Overground walking and running were performed in a large oval-path allowing the assessment of coordination and gait patterns in an ecological valid set-up. Our results indicate that during a more demanding task, namely running, children with DCD display a less coordinated running pattern, expressed by a significantly higher phase coordination index, than typically developing peers. During walking, the interlimb coordination was similar between both groups. The current result is in accordance with the hybrid model of DCD that states that motor coordination difficulties in DCD are dpendent on the interaction of the task, individual and environment. This highlights the importance of implementing running assessments in children with DCD and the need for task-oriented running training in clinical practice The study also supports previous findings that children with DCD show a higher variability in their gait pattern of both walking and running, expressed by higher coefficient of variance of spatiotemporal measures, than typically developing peers. Further understanding in the normal development of interlimb coordination during walking and ru
背景发育协调障碍(DCD)儿童的肢体间协调性和运动模式的变异性明显不同。目的 评估发育协调障碍儿童和非发育协调障碍儿童在地面行走和跑步过程中的肢体间协调性和时空变异性。方法 8至12岁的发育协调障碍儿童和发育正常儿童(TDC)参加了此次研究。儿童均配有便携式传感器。参与者以自己舒适的速度在椭圆形路径上行走和跑步 3 分钟。收集了以相位协调指数(PCI)表示的肢体间协调性和时空变异性(方差系数(CoV))。在行走过程中,两组儿童的 PCI 值相似,但 DCD 儿童的时空变异性更高。只有在跑步过程中,DCD 儿童的肢体间协调能力低于 TDC 儿童。在行走和跑步任务中,DCD 儿童的时空变异性更高。本文通过对发育协调障碍(DCD)儿童的肢体间协调性以及地面行走和跑步的时空测量变异性进行横截面分析,为有关发育协调障碍儿童的协调性和步态的文献增添了新的内容。地面行走和跑步是在一个大型椭圆形路径上进行的,因此可以在生态学有效设置下对协调性和步态进行评估。我们的结果表明,在要求较高的任务(即跑步)中,与发育正常的同龄人相比,残疾儿童的跑步模式协调性较差,表现为相位协调指数明显较高。在行走过程中,两组儿童的肢体间协调性相似。目前的结果符合 DCD 的混合模式,即 DCD 儿童的运动协调困难取决于任务、个体和环境的相互作用。这项研究还支持之前的发现,即与发育正常的同龄人相比,DCD 儿童在行走和跑步步态模式上表现出更高的变异性,表现为更高的时空测量方差系数。进一步了解儿童期到成年期步行和跑步过程中的肢体间协调的正常发展,将有助于更好地解释患有和不患有 DCD 儿童的相位协调指数。
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引用次数: 0
Online reach adjustments induced by real-time movement sonification 实时运动声波诱导的在线到达调整。
IF 1.6 3区 心理学 Q4 NEUROSCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-07-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2024.103250
Michael Barkasi , Ambika Bansal , Björn Jörges , Laurence R. Harris

Movement sonification can improve motor control in both healthy subjects (e.g., learning or refining a sport skill) and those with sensorimotor deficits (e.g., stroke patients and deafferented individuals). It is not known whether improved motor control and learning from movement sonification are driven by feedback-based real-time (“online”) trajectory adjustments, adjustments to internal models over multiple trials, or both. We searched for evidence of online trajectory adjustments (muscle twitches) in response to movement sonification feedback by comparing the kinematics and error of reaches made with online (i.e., real-time) and terminal sonification feedback. We found that reaches made with online feedback were significantly more jerky than reaches made with terminal feedback, indicating increased muscle twitching (i.e., online trajectory adjustment). Using a between-subject design, we found that online feedback was associated with improved motor learning of a reach path and target over terminal feedback; however, using a within-subjects design, we found that switching participants who had learned with online sonification feedback to terminal feedback was associated with a decrease in error. Thus, our results suggest that, with our task and sonification, movement sonification leads to online trajectory adjustments which improve internal models over multiple trials, but which themselves are not helpful online corrections.

运动声化可以改善健康受试者(如学习或提高运动技能)和感知运动障碍受试者(如中风患者和失聪者)的运动控制能力。目前尚不清楚运动声化所带来的运动控制和学习能力的提高是由基于反馈的实时("在线")轨迹调整、多次试验中对内部模型的调整还是两者共同作用所驱动的。我们通过比较在线(即实时)和终端声化反馈下的运动轨迹和误差,寻找在线轨迹调整(肌肉抽搐)对运动声化反馈做出响应的证据。我们发现,使用在线反馈做出的伸手动作明显比使用终端反馈做出的伸手动作更生涩,这表明肌肉抽搐增加(即在线轨迹调整)。通过主体间设计,我们发现与终端反馈相比,在线反馈有助于提高对触及路径和目标的运动学习能力;然而,通过主体内设计,我们发现将使用在线声波反馈学习的参与者切换到终端反馈时,错误率有所下降。因此,我们的结果表明,通过我们的任务和声化,运动声化会导致在线轨迹调整,从而在多次试验中改进内部模型,但其本身并不是有益的在线修正。
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引用次数: 0
The use of nonlinear analysis in understanding postural control: A scoping review 利用非线性分析了解姿势控制:范围审查
IF 1.6 3区 心理学 Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-06-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2024.103246
Suellen de Oliveira Veronez , Caroline Cunha do Espirito-Santo , André Felipe Oliveira de Azevedo Dantas , Natália Duarte Pereira , Jocemar Ilha

Nonlinear analyses have emerged as an approach to unraveling the intricate dynamics and underlying mechanisms of postural control, offering insights into the complex interplay of physiological and biomechanical factors. However, achieving a comprehensive understanding of the application of nonlinear analysis in postural control studies remains a challenge due to the various nonlinear measurement methods currently available. Thus, this scoping review aimed to identify existing nonlinear analyses used to study postural control in both dynamic and quiet tasks, and to summarize and disseminate the available literature on the use of nonlinear analysis in postural control. For this purpose, a scoping review was conducted and reported following the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) Checklist and Explanation. Searches were conducted up to July 2023 on PubMed/Medline, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases, resulting in the inclusion of 397 unique studies. The main classes employed among the studies were entropy-based, fractal-based, quantification of recurrence plots, and quantification of stability, with a total of 91 different algorithms distributed among these classes. The most common condition used to study postural control was quiet standing, followed by dynamic standing and gait tasks. Although various algorithms were utilized for this purpose, sample entropy was employed in 43% of studies to explore mechanisms related to postural control. Among them, 28% were in quiet standing, 3.27% were in dynamic standing, and 4.78% to study postural control during the gait. The results also provide insights into nonlinear analysis for future studies, concerning the complexity and interactions within the postural control system across various task demands.

非线性分析已成为揭示姿势控制的复杂动态和内在机制的一种方法,为了解生理和生物力学因素的复杂相互作用提供了思路。然而,由于目前可用的非线性测量方法多种多样,要全面了解非线性分析在姿势控制研究中的应用仍然是一项挑战。因此,本范围综述旨在确定用于研究动态和静态任务中姿势控制的现有非线性分析方法,并总结和传播关于在姿势控制中使用非线性分析方法的现有文献。为此,我们进行了一次范围界定综述,并按照范围界定综述的 PRISMA 扩展(PRISMA-ScR)核对表和解释进行了报告。截至 2023 年 7 月,我们在 PubMed/Medline、Embase、CINAHL、Web of Science 和 Google Scholar 数据库中进行了检索,最终纳入了 397 项独特的研究。这些研究采用的主要类别是基于熵的算法、基于分形的算法、复发图量化算法和稳定性量化算法,这些类别中共有 91 种不同的算法。研究姿势控制最常用的条件是安静站立,其次是动态站立和步态任务。虽然研究中使用了多种算法,但有 43% 的研究使用了样本熵来探索姿势控制的相关机制。其中,28%用于安静站立,3.27%用于动态站立,4.78%用于研究步态过程中的姿势控制。研究结果还为今后的研究提供了非线性分析的见解,涉及不同任务需求下姿势控制系统的复杂性和相互作用。
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引用次数: 0
The effect of virtual reality treadmill training on obstacle crossing parameters in older adults 虚拟现实跑步机训练对老年人跨越障碍参数的影响
IF 2.1 3区 心理学 Q2 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-06-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2024.103247
Alexander Gioia , Theresa Libera , Garret Burks , Sara Arena , Renee N. Hamel , Lisa A. Zukowski

With increased age, walking without tripping requires greater cognitive demand. Therefore, it may be beneficial for training interventions to address and incorporate aspects of cognitive load. The purpose of this study was to compare a semi-immersive virtual reality treadmill training (VRTT) and conventional treadmill training (CTT) on obstacle clearance and trip hazard in older adults. Obstacle clearance parameters were measured with foot-mounted inertial measurement units (IMUs) and a Zeno pressure walkway. All data were processed and analyzed through custom Matlab scripts. Obstacle step height mean decreased (p = .003) in the lead limb following both training interventions. Additional significant changes were found in pre- and post-obstacle distance mean following both training interventions. Furthermore, significant correlations were found between demographic, cognitive, and functional mobility assessments and changes in dependent measures. The findings suggest that both the VRTT and CTT interventions may provide a reduction in trip risk in older adults, although through different methods.

随着年龄的增长,在不绊倒的情况下行走需要更高的认知要求。因此,训练干预措施如果能解决并纳入认知负荷方面的问题,可能会有所裨益。本研究旨在比较半沉浸式虚拟现实跑步机训练(VRTT)和传统跑步机训练(CTT)对老年人障碍清除和绊倒危险的影响。障碍物间隙参数是通过脚部安装的惯性测量单元(IMU)和芝诺压力步道测量的。所有数据均通过定制的 Matlab 脚本进行处理和分析。在两种训练干预后,领先肢体的障碍步高平均值均有所下降(p = .003)。在两种训练干预后,障碍前和障碍后的平均距离也发生了明显变化。此外,在人口统计学、认知和功能移动能力评估与依赖性测量的变化之间也发现了明显的相关性。研究结果表明,VRTT 和 CTT 两种干预方法虽然方法不同,但都能降低老年人的绊倒风险。
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Human Movement Science
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