Global and Planetary Change最新文献

{"title":"Obtaining refined Euro-Mediterranean rainfall projections through regional assessment of CMIP6 General Circulation Models","authors":"Giovanni-Breogán Ferreiro-Lera ,&nbsp;Ángel Penas ,&nbsp;Sara del Río","doi":"10.1016/j.gloplacha.2025.104725","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gloplacha.2025.104725","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite the European Mediterranean Region (Euro-Med) being highly vulnerable to climate change the evaluation of General Circulation Models (GCMs) is limited in this region. This research aims to enhance Euro-Med rainfall projections by employing an optimized spatial assessment of 34 CMIP6 GCMs. Firstly, GCMs were interpolated to a common 0.1° grid, matching ERA Land, the reference dataset. Empirical Bayesian Kriging was identified as the most suitable technique, exhibiting the lowest error between raw and interpolated data. After that, annual rainfall interpolated data were compared against ERA5 Land. The performance of GCMs was assessed using five different goodness-of-fit metrics: Normalized Root Mean Squared Error, Nash–Sutcliffe Efficiency, Kling–Gupta Efficiency, Coefficient of Correlation and modified index of agreement. CanESM5, CAS-ESM2-0, UKES-M1-1-LL, HadGEM-GC31-LL, MPI-ESM1-2-HR, and GISS-E2-2-G were identified as the top performers. The Multi-Model Ensemble was created assembling these six GCMs through Random Forest (RFE), since it was found that it discriminates local under or overestimations in GCMs. RFE was used for short-term (2026-2050), medium-term (2051-2075), and long-term (2076-2100) projections under three emission scenarios: SSP1-2.6, SSP2-4.5, and SSP5-8.5. Results indicate a projected decrease in annual rainfall in southern areas, accompanied by more notable declines in summer and autumn. On the contrary, the Alps, particularly the Austrian Alps, show resilience to summer stress, with some regions even showing increases in rainfall. Additionally, there is a noticeable north-south pattern in spring and winter. Finally, anomalies were compared against those reported by IPCC, detecting a potentially drier summer, spring and annual yield, and a wetter winter and autumn. The study provides valuable insights into GCM performance in the Euro-Med, offering a robust foundation for improved future rainfall projections and a reduction in associated uncertainties, crucial for climate change adaptation strategies in the European Mediterranean Region.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55089,"journal":{"name":"Global and Planetary Change","volume":"246 ","pages":"Article 104725"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143055262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatiotemporal variation of dissolved rare earth elements in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre: Influence of biogeochemical cycling and application in tracing deep water","authors":"Axiang Cao ,&nbsp;Qian Liu ,&nbsp;Jing Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhensong Liu ,&nbsp;Jingling Ren ,&nbsp;Yihua Cai ,&nbsp;Kuanbo Zhou ,&nbsp;Xianghui Guo ,&nbsp;Xin Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.gloplacha.2025.104719","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gloplacha.2025.104719","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The North Pacific Subtropical Gyre (NPSG), the largest continuous marine ecosystem, significantly influences the cycling of trace elements through biological and seawater interface processes. Understanding these processes, particularly their seasonal impacts, is crucial for tracing oceanic dynamics, yet remains underexplored. In this context, rare earth elements (REEs) in seawater serve as valuable tracers for studying these processes. This study presents the spatiotemporal distribution of dissolved REE concentrations based on two GEOTRACES-CHINA process study cruises (GPpr15) conducted in summer and winter, along with published results from a GEOTRACES-CHINA cruise (GP09) during spring. Above the depth of chlorophyll maxima (DCM), REE levels were lowest in winter compared to summer, reflecting enhanced scavenging of REEs by particulate matter, primarily driven by increased chlorophyll-α during winter. In subsurface to intermediate waters (150–1000 m), release efficiencies (∼0.04 pmol Nd/μmol apparent oxygen utilization) exhibited no seasonal variations in the NPSG. These efficiencies were consistent with those in the North Atlantic Gyre at similar latitudes, but differed from those at higher latitudes (∼0.15), which may be attributed to variations in the plankton community structure across regions. Furthermore, inputs of slope sediments to intermediate waters (500–1000 m) off the Philippine Islands were identified using Ce anomalies and Yb/Nd ratios. These inputs peaked during winter, with Nd contribution from slope sediment accounting for 15–43 % of the total Nd concentration. In deep waters (&gt;4500 m) of the Philippine Basin (stations K2/K2b, K3, K13/13a, and K14), elevated REE concentrations indicated extra inputs from the seafloor and lateral transport from the Philippine Islands, contributing 17 ± 6 % of Nd. The contributions of Nd from settled particles and water mass mixing were estimated at 10 ± 5 % and 73 ± 3 %, respectively. Additionally, Yb reliably traced the distribution of lower circumpolar deep water in the Philippine Basin. In summary, these findings highlight the significant influence of biogeochemical processes on seasonal variations of REEs above the DCM and underscore the potential of REE in tracking deep water transport.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55089,"journal":{"name":"Global and Planetary Change","volume":"246 ","pages":"Article 104719"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143124593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Permian thermal pulse event in Southwestern China and its resource and environment effects","authors":"Qianqian Feng ,&nbsp;Nansheng Qiu ,&nbsp;Xiaodong Fu ,&nbsp;Tenger Borjigin ,&nbsp;Qingyong Luo ,&nbsp;Chuanqing Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.gloplacha.2025.104722","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gloplacha.2025.104722","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Emeishan large igneous province (LIP) in Southwestern China and Northern Vietnam is thought to have been a potential driver for the biotic crises and paleoclimatic changes at the Guadalupian-Lopingian boundary (GLB; Permian). Here, we revealed the thermal pulse event induced by the Emeishan LIP and its impact on the fossil energy formation and episodic carbon changes. Southwestern China experienced a pulsating high thermal anomaly lasting 10 Myrs in the mid-Permian, which accelerated the maturation of source rocks, producing mass high-temperature methane emissions. The Emeishan LIP caused large amounts of gases and volcanic ash emissions, which affected the Lopingain organic carbon enrichment. CO₂ degassing type changed as the LIP emplacement evolved and the transition from a thermogenic CO₂ source to the volcanic carbon source may contribute to two episodes of carbon isotope changes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55089,"journal":{"name":"Global and Planetary Change","volume":"246 ","pages":"Article 104722"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143055167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sudden appearance of katabatic wind in Central-Eastern Europe driven by Scandinavian Ice Sheet dynamics as recorded in Polish loess","authors":"Jerzy Nawrocki,&nbsp;Przemysław Mroczek,&nbsp;Maria Łanczont,&nbsp;Karol Standzikowski","doi":"10.1016/j.gloplacha.2025.104709","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gloplacha.2025.104709","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates atmospheric circulation changes in Central-Eastern Europe during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), with a particular focus on the anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) of loess deposits from the Jarosław section in Southeastern Poland. The subject of the study was the sequence of L1LL1 loess, which reaches a depth of approximately 7.5 m. This research integrates new AMS data with optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating, granulometric analysis, and spectrophotometric measurements to elucidate the influence of abrupt northern katabatic winds that emerged around 22.7 ka. The appearance of katabatic northern winds in the Scandinavian Ice Sheet's southern foreland correlates well with the time when it covered its maximum area. This change of wind was recorded as a rapid phenomenon without any intercardinal wind directions. Significant shifts in wind patterns corresponded with the major climatic events of the LGM and the end of Heinrich Event 2 (H2). The study documents a pronounced correlation between AMS data and granulometric parameters, indicating dynamic responses of loess deposition to changing wind strengths and directions. The results underscore the sensitivity of the region's paleoclimate to global atmospheric patterns and contribute to the broader understanding of Pleistocene climatic dynamics and their impact on sedimentary processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55089,"journal":{"name":"Global and Planetary Change","volume":"246 ","pages":"Article 104709"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143055389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of upstream westerly jet stream on tropospheric dust over the Tibetan Plateau in boreal spring","authors":"Xingya Feng ,&nbsp;Rui Mao ,&nbsp;Dao-Yi Gong ,&nbsp;Cuicui Shi ,&nbsp;Guangjian Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.gloplacha.2025.104708","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gloplacha.2025.104708","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Upstream westerly jet stream including the Middle East jet stream (MEJS) and the polar front jet stream (PFJS) play important roles in influencing tropospheric dust over the Tibetan Plateau (TP). However, few studies have clarified their combined effects on variation in tropospheric dust over the TP. This study analyzed the relationship between upstream westerly jet stream and dust over the TP from 2000 to 2019 during spring by using a singular value decomposition analysis (SVD). Results show that there were three modes between westerly jet stream and tropospheric dust over the TP, i.e., MEJS dominant type, PFJS dominant type and MEJS-PFJS type. MEJS dominant type represents the northerly position of the MEJS when the intensity of the jet stream increases, and vice versa. PFJS dominant type represents the distribution feature of the PFJS intensity increase and the northerly position of the PFJS. These two types of jet stream are more likely to lead to the transport of dust from the Taklimakan Desert in the northern dust source area of TP, and affect the dust content over TP. MEJS-PFJS type represents the southerly distribution of PFJS when MEJS intensifies, where the dust content over TP is more closely related to the local dust emission of TP.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55089,"journal":{"name":"Global and Planetary Change","volume":"246 ","pages":"Article 104708"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143055168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coral-derived seasonal seawater δ18O records from the Northern South China Sea: Hydroclimatic insights into the Medieval Climate Anomaly and Little Ice Age","authors":"Huimin Guo ,&nbsp;Xuefei Chen ,&nbsp;Yangrui Guo ,&nbsp;Jian-xin Zhao ,&nbsp;Gangjian Wei ,&nbsp;Wenfeng Deng","doi":"10.1016/j.gloplacha.2025.104718","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gloplacha.2025.104718","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Seawater oxygen isotopes (δ¹⁸O_sw) are critical for reconstructing past climate and hydrological conditions, yet high-resolution δ¹⁸O_sw reconstructions during the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA) and the Little Ice Age (LIA) remain scarce. Using paired monthly coral Sr/Ca-δ¹⁸O records from Hainan Island in the northern South China Sea (NSCS), we reconstructed wet and dry season δ¹⁸O_sw for these periods. During the MCA, δ¹⁸O_sw values were relatively positive, indicating drier conditions, while the LIA exhibited relatively negative δ¹⁸O_sw values, reflecting wetter conditions. Compared to 1984–2014 CE, the frequency of seasonal extreme δ¹⁸O_sw events increased by 25 %–74 %, likely driven by global warming caused by human activities. Long term trends reveal that dry season δ¹⁸O_sw closely mirrored wet season values, emphasizing the key role of the wet season δ¹⁸O_sw baseline in shaping seasonal hydrological conditions. When examined in the broader late Holocene context, East Asia exhibited a persistent meridional dry-wet contrast, with cold periods characterized by wet oceanic and dry inland conditions, and warm periods showing the opposite. These contrasting patterns were primarily driven by the combined influence of the East Asian Summer Monsoon and El Niño, with additional influences from the meridional shifts of the Intertropical Convergence Zone and zonal movements of the Pacific Walker Circulation. These findings underscore the dynamic interplay of regional climate drivers in shaping hydrological variability and highlight the NSCS's critical role in East Asia's climate. They provide valuable baselines for understanding natural climate variability and predicting future climate changes in this densely populated and economically significant region.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55089,"journal":{"name":"Global and Planetary Change","volume":"246 ","pages":"Article 104718"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143055169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gallium behavior and isotopic compositions in marine siliceous sediments from the southern Mariana Trench","authors":"Guohong Qin ,&nbsp;Zixiao Guo ,&nbsp;Qingying Du ,&nbsp;Yadong Liu ,&nbsp;Lanping Feng ,&nbsp;Xi Chen ,&nbsp;Shahab Varkouhi ,&nbsp;Daiyong Cao ,&nbsp;Xiaotong Peng","doi":"10.1016/j.gloplacha.2025.104704","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gloplacha.2025.104704","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To further constrain the contribution of marine siliceous sediments in the subduction zones to the oceanic gallium (Ga) cycle, we investigated Ga geochemical behavior by examining the mineral, elemental and Ga isotopic compositions of siliceous sediments from the southern Mariana Trench (SMT). The results show that Ga contents vary from 15.6 to 17.6 μg/g (average = 16.7 μg/g) in the lower part of the sediment core but the lower Ga contents (2.7 to 10.9 μg/g, average = 5.9 μg/g) in the upper part. The systematic variation in geochemistry and mineralogical compositions indicates that abundant Ga in the lower part originates from volcanogenic/basaltic rocks, while the addition of biogenic SiO₂ to the upper part dilutes the concentration of these source-rock components, resulting in the concomitant decreases in contents of Ga and other elements. Particularly, reverse weathering leads to an increase of Ga in the top section of the upper part by favoring an uptake of Ga in the seawater into aluminosilicates, as evidenced by the range of pH, Al/Nb, Ga/Nb, and Ga/Al variations. In contrast, δ⁷¹Ga values (relative to the Ga-IPGP standard) show a monotonous range from −0.06 to 0.05 ‰ (average = −0.01 ‰, <em>n</em> = 17), which is consistent with those for basalts (0.00 ± 0.05 ‰). We find that the addition of biogenic SiO₂ and reverse weathering do not significantly change the Ga isotopic compositions in the SMT marine siliceous sediments. Collectively, our study highlights that marine siliceous sediments in the SMT may act as an isotopically light sink of Ga in the modern ocean via reverse weathering, and could shed new light for understanding the oceanic Ga cycles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55089,"journal":{"name":"Global and Planetary Change","volume":"246 ","pages":"Article 104704"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143020017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sea surface water isotope changes recorded by alkenone δ2H from the northern South China Sea over the last 260 kyrs","authors":"Juan He ,&nbsp;Alex L. Sessions ,&nbsp;Li Li ,&nbsp;Guodong Jia","doi":"10.1016/j.gloplacha.2025.104703","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gloplacha.2025.104703","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The stable hydrogen isotope compositions of long-chain unsaturated C₃₇ alkenones (δ²H_C37) in sediments were measured to estimate palaeohydrological changes over the last 260 kyrs in the northern South China Sea (SCS). Values of δ²H_C37 ranged from −212‰ to −166‰, with a value of −212‰ in the surface sediment. The residual δ²H value was estimated by subtracting the global ice volume effect from the hydrogen isotope composition of seawater (δ²H_sw), which was calculated with empirical relationships based on the δ²H_C37. δ²H_residual showed clear glacial-interglacial cycles with lower values during glacials than interglacials, a pattern that is not apparent in the analogous δ¹⁸O_residual record from the same core. The latter was estimated from δ¹⁸O of the planktonic foraminifer <em>Globigerinoides ruber</em> by correcting for temperature and ice volume effects. We argue that δ²H_residual may be better than δ¹⁸O_residual as a record of surface seawater isotope changes in the SCS. The lower δ²H_residual values during the glacials in the northern SCS were likely due to the La Niña-like conditions in the Western Tropical Pacific and the SCS, which resulted in increased precipitation and suppressed Kuroshio intrusion. Conversely, the higher δ²H_residual values during the interglacials were likely due to El Niño-like conditions. Alternatively, the “extra” isotopic depletion of precipitation resulting from the reorganization of the regional atmospheric circulation under glacial conditions could also contribute to the lower δ²H_residual values during the glacials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55089,"journal":{"name":"Global and Planetary Change","volume":"246 ","pages":"Article 104703"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143055171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paleo-data is policy relevant: How do we better incorporate it in policy and decision making?","authors":"K.J. Allen ,&nbsp;C. Gouramanis ,&nbsp;D. Sauchyn","doi":"10.1016/j.gloplacha.2025.104707","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gloplacha.2025.104707","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The relatively recent acceleration of human activities that adversely impact Earth's systems has led to an increasingly urgent impetus to understand, mitigate, and adapt to these impacts. However, comprehension of natural systems, and fluctuations in their state, requires long-term data to capture the magnitude and direction of changes in these systems over very long time frames (decades to millennia). The current reliance on short instrumental or monitoring time series, that span only the last century or less, is simply inadequate to sustainably manage natural systems. Despite this growing need for long-term information and the abundance of paleo-data available, there has been little effort or success in incorporating paleo-science into policy and decision making. We use examples to demonstrate how paleo-data provides important insights into problems from three different domains: forest management and restoration, water resource management and wetland ecosystem management. We discuss a process through which opportunities to better utilise paleo-data by policy decision makers to achieve better policy outcomes can be identified. This involves first acknowledging the very different characteristics of paleo-scientists and policy makers, followed by recognition of the constraints, or barriers to the uptake of paleo-science information. These barriers exist as much for scientists as for policy makers. Identification of barriers enables opportunities for enhanced collaboration to improve the use of paleo-data for policy and decision making to be identified. Fundamentally, much greater interaction between paleo-scientists and policy makers is required to promote better science translation, data availability as well as to promote scientific literacy in government and industry, and policy literacy in the paleo-science community. Processes such as co-design are one way to achieve these aims, but require adequate resourcing, time and the collective will to collaborate.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55089,"journal":{"name":"Global and Planetary Change","volume":"246 ","pages":"Article 104707"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143055170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Population migration with improved productivity caused a heterogeneity pattern of Holocene vegetation succession in typical areas of the lower Yangtze region","authors":"Li Xiao ,&nbsp;Xiaoyu Zhang ,&nbsp;Jinqi Dai ,&nbsp;Xueming Li ,&nbsp;Ning Zhao ,&nbsp;Shihao Liu ,&nbsp;Jing Chen ,&nbsp;Maotian Li ,&nbsp;Yuanhao Sun ,&nbsp;Haoyan Wang ,&nbsp;Kai Li ,&nbsp;Yan Liu ,&nbsp;Qianli Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.gloplacha.2025.104705","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gloplacha.2025.104705","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Climate fluctuations and human activities shaped vegetation dynamics during the Holocene, yet the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Our investigation utilizes the MAT-REVEALS approach to analyze 17 fossil pollen records spanning the past 8500 years collected at three typical areas of the lower Yangtze: South Zhejiang Mountains (SZJM), Taihu Basin (THB), and Yaojiang Valley (YJV). The reconstructed vegetation in SZJM revealed a high proportion of arboreal content during 8500–2000 cal yr BP, and the vegetation succession generally followed the variation of mean annual temperature and precipitation, indicating the Asian monsoon climate dominated the vegetation change. Of note, the minor decline of the broadleaved forest at 6000–5000 cal yr BP coincided with the drop in winter temperature, indicating its role as a limiting factor for the broadleaved arboreal. A marked increase of herbs (15.6 % to 36.5 %) occurred in the coastal region of YJV at 7500–5000 cal yr BP, which was not registered in SZJM, was coeval with a surging population and the start of extensive and intensive rice farming on the newly formed alluvial plain, indicating this noticeable landscape openness was induced by anthropogenic factors. Conversely, significant anthropogenic modifications of vegetation only emerged after 5000 cal yr BP in the THB, likely linked to large immigrations of population and the establishment of the Liangzhu hierarchical state that consumed abundant arboreal resources for large-scale constructions. Since 3000–2000 cal yr BP, a widespread decline of arboreal proportion took place in all three areas, which was coeval with a sharp decline of winter temperature as well as the introduction of bronze and later iron to this region during the Spring and Autumn to Three Kingdoms period. Notably, the decline in forest cover in the SZJM region was relatively late. However, it accelerated in the recent millennium, matching the timing of new immigrants from northern China during the Tang-Song dynasties. Overall, natural vegetation changes mainly followed the pattern of monsoon rainfall and winter temperature variations. Nevertheless, the heterogeneity pattern of vegetation changes on the coast underscored the pivotal role of the spatial-temporal distribution of population and advancing technology. This study highlights the regional and local impact of climatic and anthropogenic forces on vegetation composition, providing new insights for interpreting the timing and scale of human impact on past land cover and land use changes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55089,"journal":{"name":"Global and Planetary Change","volume":"246 ","pages":"Article 104705"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143020018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}