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Obtaining refined Euro-Mediterranean rainfall projections through regional assessment of CMIP6 General Circulation Models
IF 4 1区 地球科学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2025-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2025.104725
Giovanni-Breogán Ferreiro-Lera , Ángel Penas , Sara del Río
Despite the European Mediterranean Region (Euro-Med) being highly vulnerable to climate change the evaluation of General Circulation Models (GCMs) is limited in this region. This research aims to enhance Euro-Med rainfall projections by employing an optimized spatial assessment of 34 CMIP6 GCMs. Firstly, GCMs were interpolated to a common 0.1° grid, matching ERA Land, the reference dataset. Empirical Bayesian Kriging was identified as the most suitable technique, exhibiting the lowest error between raw and interpolated data. After that, annual rainfall interpolated data were compared against ERA5 Land. The performance of GCMs was assessed using five different goodness-of-fit metrics: Normalized Root Mean Squared Error, Nash–Sutcliffe Efficiency, Kling–Gupta Efficiency, Coefficient of Correlation and modified index of agreement. CanESM5, CAS-ESM2-0, UKES-M1-1-LL, HadGEM-GC31-LL, MPI-ESM1-2-HR, and GISS-E2-2-G were identified as the top performers. The Multi-Model Ensemble was created assembling these six GCMs through Random Forest (RFE), since it was found that it discriminates local under or overestimations in GCMs. RFE was used for short-term (2026-2050), medium-term (2051-2075), and long-term (2076-2100) projections under three emission scenarios: SSP1-2.6, SSP2-4.5, and SSP5-8.5. Results indicate a projected decrease in annual rainfall in southern areas, accompanied by more notable declines in summer and autumn. On the contrary, the Alps, particularly the Austrian Alps, show resilience to summer stress, with some regions even showing increases in rainfall. Additionally, there is a noticeable north-south pattern in spring and winter. Finally, anomalies were compared against those reported by IPCC, detecting a potentially drier summer, spring and annual yield, and a wetter winter and autumn. The study provides valuable insights into GCM performance in the Euro-Med, offering a robust foundation for improved future rainfall projections and a reduction in associated uncertainties, crucial for climate change adaptation strategies in the European Mediterranean Region.
{"title":"Obtaining refined Euro-Mediterranean rainfall projections through regional assessment of CMIP6 General Circulation Models","authors":"Giovanni-Breogán Ferreiro-Lera ,&nbsp;Ángel Penas ,&nbsp;Sara del Río","doi":"10.1016/j.gloplacha.2025.104725","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gloplacha.2025.104725","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite the European Mediterranean Region (Euro-Med) being highly vulnerable to climate change the evaluation of General Circulation Models (GCMs) is limited in this region. This research aims to enhance Euro-Med rainfall projections by employing an optimized spatial assessment of 34 CMIP6 GCMs. Firstly, GCMs were interpolated to a common 0.1° grid, matching ERA Land, the reference dataset. Empirical Bayesian Kriging was identified as the most suitable technique, exhibiting the lowest error between raw and interpolated data. After that, annual rainfall interpolated data were compared against ERA5 Land. The performance of GCMs was assessed using five different goodness-of-fit metrics: Normalized Root Mean Squared Error, Nash–Sutcliffe Efficiency, Kling–Gupta Efficiency, Coefficient of Correlation and modified index of agreement. CanESM5, CAS-ESM2-0, UKES-M1-1-LL, HadGEM-GC31-LL, MPI-ESM1-2-HR, and GISS-E2-2-G were identified as the top performers. The Multi-Model Ensemble was created assembling these six GCMs through Random Forest (RFE), since it was found that it discriminates local under or overestimations in GCMs. RFE was used for short-term (2026-2050), medium-term (2051-2075), and long-term (2076-2100) projections under three emission scenarios: SSP1-2.6, SSP2-4.5, and SSP5-8.5. Results indicate a projected decrease in annual rainfall in southern areas, accompanied by more notable declines in summer and autumn. On the contrary, the Alps, particularly the Austrian Alps, show resilience to summer stress, with some regions even showing increases in rainfall. Additionally, there is a noticeable north-south pattern in spring and winter. Finally, anomalies were compared against those reported by IPCC, detecting a potentially drier summer, spring and annual yield, and a wetter winter and autumn. The study provides valuable insights into GCM performance in the Euro-Med, offering a robust foundation for improved future rainfall projections and a reduction in associated uncertainties, crucial for climate change adaptation strategies in the European Mediterranean Region.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55089,"journal":{"name":"Global and Planetary Change","volume":"246 ","pages":"Article 104725"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143055262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Spatiotemporal variation of dissolved rare earth elements in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre: Influence of biogeochemical cycling and application in tracing deep water
IF 4 1区 地球科学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2025-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2025.104719
Axiang Cao , Qian Liu , Jing Zhang , Zhensong Liu , Jingling Ren , Yihua Cai , Kuanbo Zhou , Xianghui Guo , Xin Liu
The North Pacific Subtropical Gyre (NPSG), the largest continuous marine ecosystem, significantly influences the cycling of trace elements through biological and seawater interface processes. Understanding these processes, particularly their seasonal impacts, is crucial for tracing oceanic dynamics, yet remains underexplored. In this context, rare earth elements (REEs) in seawater serve as valuable tracers for studying these processes. This study presents the spatiotemporal distribution of dissolved REE concentrations based on two GEOTRACES-CHINA process study cruises (GPpr15) conducted in summer and winter, along with published results from a GEOTRACES-CHINA cruise (GP09) during spring. Above the depth of chlorophyll maxima (DCM), REE levels were lowest in winter compared to summer, reflecting enhanced scavenging of REEs by particulate matter, primarily driven by increased chlorophyll-α during winter. In subsurface to intermediate waters (150–1000 m), release efficiencies (∼0.04 pmol Nd/μmol apparent oxygen utilization) exhibited no seasonal variations in the NPSG. These efficiencies were consistent with those in the North Atlantic Gyre at similar latitudes, but differed from those at higher latitudes (∼0.15), which may be attributed to variations in the plankton community structure across regions. Furthermore, inputs of slope sediments to intermediate waters (500–1000 m) off the Philippine Islands were identified using Ce anomalies and Yb/Nd ratios. These inputs peaked during winter, with Nd contribution from slope sediment accounting for 15–43 % of the total Nd concentration. In deep waters (>4500 m) of the Philippine Basin (stations K2/K2b, K3, K13/13a, and K14), elevated REE concentrations indicated extra inputs from the seafloor and lateral transport from the Philippine Islands, contributing 17 ± 6 % of Nd. The contributions of Nd from settled particles and water mass mixing were estimated at 10 ± 5 % and 73 ± 3 %, respectively. Additionally, Yb reliably traced the distribution of lower circumpolar deep water in the Philippine Basin. In summary, these findings highlight the significant influence of biogeochemical processes on seasonal variations of REEs above the DCM and underscore the potential of REE in tracking deep water transport.
{"title":"Spatiotemporal variation of dissolved rare earth elements in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre: Influence of biogeochemical cycling and application in tracing deep water","authors":"Axiang Cao ,&nbsp;Qian Liu ,&nbsp;Jing Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhensong Liu ,&nbsp;Jingling Ren ,&nbsp;Yihua Cai ,&nbsp;Kuanbo Zhou ,&nbsp;Xianghui Guo ,&nbsp;Xin Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.gloplacha.2025.104719","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gloplacha.2025.104719","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The North Pacific Subtropical Gyre (NPSG), the largest continuous marine ecosystem, significantly influences the cycling of trace elements through biological and seawater interface processes. Understanding these processes, particularly their seasonal impacts, is crucial for tracing oceanic dynamics, yet remains underexplored. In this context, rare earth elements (REEs) in seawater serve as valuable tracers for studying these processes. This study presents the spatiotemporal distribution of dissolved REE concentrations based on two GEOTRACES-CHINA process study cruises (GPpr15) conducted in summer and winter, along with published results from a GEOTRACES-CHINA cruise (GP09) during spring. Above the depth of chlorophyll maxima (DCM), REE levels were lowest in winter compared to summer, reflecting enhanced scavenging of REEs by particulate matter, primarily driven by increased chlorophyll-α during winter. In subsurface to intermediate waters (150–1000 m), release efficiencies (∼0.04 pmol Nd/μmol apparent oxygen utilization) exhibited no seasonal variations in the NPSG. These efficiencies were consistent with those in the North Atlantic Gyre at similar latitudes, but differed from those at higher latitudes (∼0.15), which may be attributed to variations in the plankton community structure across regions. Furthermore, inputs of slope sediments to intermediate waters (500–1000 m) off the Philippine Islands were identified using Ce anomalies and Yb/Nd ratios. These inputs peaked during winter, with Nd contribution from slope sediment accounting for 15–43 % of the total Nd concentration. In deep waters (&gt;4500 m) of the Philippine Basin (stations K2/K2b, K3, K13/13a, and K14), elevated REE concentrations indicated extra inputs from the seafloor and lateral transport from the Philippine Islands, contributing 17 ± 6 % of Nd. The contributions of Nd from settled particles and water mass mixing were estimated at 10 ± 5 % and 73 ± 3 %, respectively. Additionally, Yb reliably traced the distribution of lower circumpolar deep water in the Philippine Basin. In summary, these findings highlight the significant influence of biogeochemical processes on seasonal variations of REEs above the DCM and underscore the potential of REE in tracking deep water transport.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55089,"journal":{"name":"Global and Planetary Change","volume":"246 ","pages":"Article 104719"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143124593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Permian thermal pulse event in Southwestern China and its resource and environment effects
IF 4 1区 地球科学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2025-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2025.104722
Qianqian Feng , Nansheng Qiu , Xiaodong Fu , Tenger Borjigin , Qingyong Luo , Chuanqing Zhu
The Emeishan large igneous province (LIP) in Southwestern China and Northern Vietnam is thought to have been a potential driver for the biotic crises and paleoclimatic changes at the Guadalupian-Lopingian boundary (GLB; Permian). Here, we revealed the thermal pulse event induced by the Emeishan LIP and its impact on the fossil energy formation and episodic carbon changes. Southwestern China experienced a pulsating high thermal anomaly lasting 10 Myrs in the mid-Permian, which accelerated the maturation of source rocks, producing mass high-temperature methane emissions. The Emeishan LIP caused large amounts of gases and volcanic ash emissions, which affected the Lopingain organic carbon enrichment. CO2 degassing type changed as the LIP emplacement evolved and the transition from a thermogenic CO2 source to the volcanic carbon source may contribute to two episodes of carbon isotope changes.
位于中国西南部和越南北部的峨眉山大火成岩省(LIP)被认为是瓜达卢佩-罗平边界(GLB;二叠纪)生物危机和古气候变化的潜在驱动因素。在此,我们揭示了峨眉山大裂谷诱发的热脉冲事件及其对化石能量形成和偶发性碳变化的影响。中国西南地区在二叠纪中期经历了持续10 Myrs的脉冲式高热异常,加速了源岩的成熟,产生了大量高温甲烷排放。峨眉山LIP造成大量气体和火山灰排放,影响了罗平有机碳富集。随着LIP置换演化,二氧化碳脱气类型也发生了变化,从热成二氧化碳源到火山碳源的转变可能导致了两次碳同位素变化。
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引用次数: 0
Sudden appearance of katabatic wind in Central-Eastern Europe driven by Scandinavian Ice Sheet dynamics as recorded in Polish loess
IF 4 1区 地球科学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2025-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2025.104709
Jerzy Nawrocki, Przemysław Mroczek, Maria Łanczont, Karol Standzikowski
This study investigates atmospheric circulation changes in Central-Eastern Europe during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), with a particular focus on the anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) of loess deposits from the Jarosław section in Southeastern Poland. The subject of the study was the sequence of L1LL1 loess, which reaches a depth of approximately 7.5 m. This research integrates new AMS data with optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating, granulometric analysis, and spectrophotometric measurements to elucidate the influence of abrupt northern katabatic winds that emerged around 22.7 ka. The appearance of katabatic northern winds in the Scandinavian Ice Sheet's southern foreland correlates well with the time when it covered its maximum area. This change of wind was recorded as a rapid phenomenon without any intercardinal wind directions. Significant shifts in wind patterns corresponded with the major climatic events of the LGM and the end of Heinrich Event 2 (H2). The study documents a pronounced correlation between AMS data and granulometric parameters, indicating dynamic responses of loess deposition to changing wind strengths and directions. The results underscore the sensitivity of the region's paleoclimate to global atmospheric patterns and contribute to the broader understanding of Pleistocene climatic dynamics and their impact on sedimentary processes.
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引用次数: 0
Impact of upstream westerly jet stream on tropospheric dust over the Tibetan Plateau in boreal spring
IF 4 1区 地球科学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2025-01-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2025.104708
Xingya Feng , Rui Mao , Dao-Yi Gong , Cuicui Shi , Guangjian Wu
Upstream westerly jet stream including the Middle East jet stream (MEJS) and the polar front jet stream (PFJS) play important roles in influencing tropospheric dust over the Tibetan Plateau (TP). However, few studies have clarified their combined effects on variation in tropospheric dust over the TP. This study analyzed the relationship between upstream westerly jet stream and dust over the TP from 2000 to 2019 during spring by using a singular value decomposition analysis (SVD). Results show that there were three modes between westerly jet stream and tropospheric dust over the TP, i.e., MEJS dominant type, PFJS dominant type and MEJS-PFJS type. MEJS dominant type represents the northerly position of the MEJS when the intensity of the jet stream increases, and vice versa. PFJS dominant type represents the distribution feature of the PFJS intensity increase and the northerly position of the PFJS. These two types of jet stream are more likely to lead to the transport of dust from the Taklimakan Desert in the northern dust source area of TP, and affect the dust content over TP. MEJS-PFJS type represents the southerly distribution of PFJS when MEJS intensifies, where the dust content over TP is more closely related to the local dust emission of TP.
{"title":"Impact of upstream westerly jet stream on tropospheric dust over the Tibetan Plateau in boreal spring","authors":"Xingya Feng ,&nbsp;Rui Mao ,&nbsp;Dao-Yi Gong ,&nbsp;Cuicui Shi ,&nbsp;Guangjian Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.gloplacha.2025.104708","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gloplacha.2025.104708","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Upstream westerly jet stream including the Middle East jet stream (MEJS) and the polar front jet stream (PFJS) play important roles in influencing tropospheric dust over the Tibetan Plateau (TP). However, few studies have clarified their combined effects on variation in tropospheric dust over the TP. This study analyzed the relationship between upstream westerly jet stream and dust over the TP from 2000 to 2019 during spring by using a singular value decomposition analysis (SVD). Results show that there were three modes between westerly jet stream and tropospheric dust over the TP, i.e., MEJS dominant type, PFJS dominant type and MEJS-PFJS type. MEJS dominant type represents the northerly position of the MEJS when the intensity of the jet stream increases, and vice versa. PFJS dominant type represents the distribution feature of the PFJS intensity increase and the northerly position of the PFJS. These two types of jet stream are more likely to lead to the transport of dust from the Taklimakan Desert in the northern dust source area of TP, and affect the dust content over TP. MEJS-PFJS type represents the southerly distribution of PFJS when MEJS intensifies, where the dust content over TP is more closely related to the local dust emission of TP.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55089,"journal":{"name":"Global and Planetary Change","volume":"246 ","pages":"Article 104708"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143055168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Coral-derived seasonal seawater δ18O records from the Northern South China Sea: Hydroclimatic insights into the Medieval Climate Anomaly and Little Ice Age
IF 4 1区 地球科学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2025-01-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2025.104718
Huimin Guo , Xuefei Chen , Yangrui Guo , Jian-xin Zhao , Gangjian Wei , Wenfeng Deng
Seawater oxygen isotopes (δ18Osw) are critical for reconstructing past climate and hydrological conditions, yet high-resolution δ18Osw reconstructions during the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA) and the Little Ice Age (LIA) remain scarce. Using paired monthly coral Sr/Ca-δ18O records from Hainan Island in the northern South China Sea (NSCS), we reconstructed wet and dry season δ18Osw for these periods. During the MCA, δ18Osw values were relatively positive, indicating drier conditions, while the LIA exhibited relatively negative δ18Osw values, reflecting wetter conditions. Compared to 1984–2014 CE, the frequency of seasonal extreme δ18Osw events increased by 25 %–74 %, likely driven by global warming caused by human activities. Long term trends reveal that dry season δ18Osw closely mirrored wet season values, emphasizing the key role of the wet season δ18Osw baseline in shaping seasonal hydrological conditions. When examined in the broader late Holocene context, East Asia exhibited a persistent meridional dry-wet contrast, with cold periods characterized by wet oceanic and dry inland conditions, and warm periods showing the opposite. These contrasting patterns were primarily driven by the combined influence of the East Asian Summer Monsoon and El Niño, with additional influences from the meridional shifts of the Intertropical Convergence Zone and zonal movements of the Pacific Walker Circulation. These findings underscore the dynamic interplay of regional climate drivers in shaping hydrological variability and highlight the NSCS's critical role in East Asia's climate. They provide valuable baselines for understanding natural climate variability and predicting future climate changes in this densely populated and economically significant region.
{"title":"Coral-derived seasonal seawater δ18O records from the Northern South China Sea: Hydroclimatic insights into the Medieval Climate Anomaly and Little Ice Age","authors":"Huimin Guo ,&nbsp;Xuefei Chen ,&nbsp;Yangrui Guo ,&nbsp;Jian-xin Zhao ,&nbsp;Gangjian Wei ,&nbsp;Wenfeng Deng","doi":"10.1016/j.gloplacha.2025.104718","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gloplacha.2025.104718","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Seawater oxygen isotopes (δ<sup>18</sup>O<sub>sw</sub>) are critical for reconstructing past climate and hydrological conditions, yet high-resolution δ<sup>18</sup>O<sub>sw</sub> reconstructions during the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA) and the Little Ice Age (LIA) remain scarce. Using paired monthly coral Sr/Ca-δ<sup>18</sup>O records from Hainan Island in the northern South China Sea (NSCS), we reconstructed wet and dry season δ<sup>18</sup>O<sub>sw</sub> for these periods. During the MCA, δ<sup>18</sup>O<sub>sw</sub> values were relatively positive, indicating drier conditions, while the LIA exhibited relatively negative δ<sup>18</sup>O<sub>sw</sub> values, reflecting wetter conditions. Compared to 1984–2014 CE, the frequency of seasonal extreme δ<sup>18</sup>O<sub>sw</sub> events increased by 25 %–74 %, likely driven by global warming caused by human activities. Long term trends reveal that dry season δ<sup>18</sup>O<sub>sw</sub> closely mirrored wet season values, emphasizing the key role of the wet season δ<sup>18</sup>O<sub>sw</sub> baseline in shaping seasonal hydrological conditions. When examined in the broader late Holocene context, East Asia exhibited a persistent meridional dry-wet contrast, with cold periods characterized by wet oceanic and dry inland conditions, and warm periods showing the opposite. These contrasting patterns were primarily driven by the combined influence of the East Asian Summer Monsoon and El Niño, with additional influences from the meridional shifts of the Intertropical Convergence Zone and zonal movements of the Pacific Walker Circulation. These findings underscore the dynamic interplay of regional climate drivers in shaping hydrological variability and highlight the NSCS's critical role in East Asia's climate. They provide valuable baselines for understanding natural climate variability and predicting future climate changes in this densely populated and economically significant region.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55089,"journal":{"name":"Global and Planetary Change","volume":"246 ","pages":"Article 104718"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143055169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Gallium behavior and isotopic compositions in marine siliceous sediments from the southern Mariana Trench 南马里亚纳海沟海相硅质沉积物中镓的行为和同位素组成
IF 4 1区 地球科学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2025-01-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2025.104704
Guohong Qin , Zixiao Guo , Qingying Du , Yadong Liu , Lanping Feng , Xi Chen , Shahab Varkouhi , Daiyong Cao , Xiaotong Peng
To further constrain the contribution of marine siliceous sediments in the subduction zones to the oceanic gallium (Ga) cycle, we investigated Ga geochemical behavior by examining the mineral, elemental and Ga isotopic compositions of siliceous sediments from the southern Mariana Trench (SMT). The results show that Ga contents vary from 15.6 to 17.6 μg/g (average = 16.7 μg/g) in the lower part of the sediment core but the lower Ga contents (2.7 to 10.9 μg/g, average = 5.9 μg/g) in the upper part. The systematic variation in geochemistry and mineralogical compositions indicates that abundant Ga in the lower part originates from volcanogenic/basaltic rocks, while the addition of biogenic SiO2 to the upper part dilutes the concentration of these source-rock components, resulting in the concomitant decreases in contents of Ga and other elements. Particularly, reverse weathering leads to an increase of Ga in the top section of the upper part by favoring an uptake of Ga in the seawater into aluminosilicates, as evidenced by the range of pH, Al/Nb, Ga/Nb, and Ga/Al variations. In contrast, δ71Ga values (relative to the Ga-IPGP standard) show a monotonous range from −0.06 to 0.05 ‰ (average = −0.01 ‰, n = 17), which is consistent with those for basalts (0.00 ± 0.05 ‰). We find that the addition of biogenic SiO2 and reverse weathering do not significantly change the Ga isotopic compositions in the SMT marine siliceous sediments. Collectively, our study highlights that marine siliceous sediments in the SMT may act as an isotopically light sink of Ga in the modern ocean via reverse weathering, and could shed new light for understanding the oceanic Ga cycles.
为了进一步确定俯冲带海相硅质沉积物对海洋镓(Ga)旋回的贡献,我们通过检测南马里亚纳海沟(SMT)硅质沉积物的矿物、元素和Ga同位素组成来研究镓的地球化学行为。结果表明:下部Ga含量变化范围为15.6 ~ 17.6 μg/g(平均为16.7 μg/g),上部Ga含量变化范围为2.7 ~ 10.9 μg/g(平均为5.9 μg/g);地球化学和矿物组成的系统变化表明,下部丰富的Ga来源于火山/玄武岩,而上部生物源SiO2的加入稀释了这些源岩组分的浓度,导致Ga等元素含量降低。特别是,逆风化作用有利于将海水中的Ga吸收到铝硅酸盐中,从而导致上部顶部Ga含量的增加,这可以从pH、Al/Nb、Ga/Nb和Ga/Al的变化范围中得到证明。δ71Ga值(相对于Ga-IPGP标准)呈现单调的- 0.06 ~ 0.05‰(平均= - 0.01‰,n = 17),与玄武岩的δ71Ga值(0.00±0.05‰)一致。研究发现,生物成因SiO2的添加和逆风化作用对SMT海相硅质沉积物的Ga同位素组成没有显著影响。总的来说,我们的研究强调SMT海相硅质沉积物可能通过反风化作用在现代海洋中充当同位素轻的Ga汇,并为理解海洋Ga旋回提供了新的思路。
{"title":"Gallium behavior and isotopic compositions in marine siliceous sediments from the southern Mariana Trench","authors":"Guohong Qin ,&nbsp;Zixiao Guo ,&nbsp;Qingying Du ,&nbsp;Yadong Liu ,&nbsp;Lanping Feng ,&nbsp;Xi Chen ,&nbsp;Shahab Varkouhi ,&nbsp;Daiyong Cao ,&nbsp;Xiaotong Peng","doi":"10.1016/j.gloplacha.2025.104704","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gloplacha.2025.104704","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To further constrain the contribution of marine siliceous sediments in the subduction zones to the oceanic gallium (Ga) cycle, we investigated Ga geochemical behavior by examining the mineral, elemental and Ga isotopic compositions of siliceous sediments from the southern Mariana Trench (SMT). The results show that Ga contents vary from 15.6 to 17.6 μg/g (average = 16.7 μg/g) in the lower part of the sediment core but the lower Ga contents (2.7 to 10.9 μg/g, average = 5.9 μg/g) in the upper part. The systematic variation in geochemistry and mineralogical compositions indicates that abundant Ga in the lower part originates from volcanogenic/basaltic rocks, while the addition of biogenic SiO<sub>2</sub> to the upper part dilutes the concentration of these source-rock components, resulting in the concomitant decreases in contents of Ga and other elements. Particularly, reverse weathering leads to an increase of Ga in the top section of the upper part by favoring an uptake of Ga in the seawater into aluminosilicates, as evidenced by the range of pH, Al/Nb, Ga/Nb, and Ga/Al variations. In contrast, δ<sup>71</sup>Ga values (relative to the Ga-IPGP standard) show a monotonous range from −0.06 to 0.05 ‰ (average = −0.01 ‰, <em>n</em> = 17), which is consistent with those for basalts (0.00 ± 0.05 ‰). We find that the addition of biogenic SiO<sub>2</sub> and reverse weathering do not significantly change the Ga isotopic compositions in the SMT marine siliceous sediments. Collectively, our study highlights that marine siliceous sediments in the SMT may act as an isotopically light sink of Ga in the modern ocean via reverse weathering, and could shed new light for understanding the oceanic Ga cycles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55089,"journal":{"name":"Global and Planetary Change","volume":"246 ","pages":"Article 104704"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143020017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Sea surface water isotope changes recorded by alkenone δ2H from the northern South China Sea over the last 260 kyrs
IF 4 1区 地球科学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2025-01-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2025.104703
Juan He , Alex L. Sessions , Li Li , Guodong Jia
The stable hydrogen isotope compositions of long-chain unsaturated C37 alkenones (δ2HC37) in sediments were measured to estimate palaeohydrological changes over the last 260 kyrs in the northern South China Sea (SCS). Values of δ2HC37 ranged from −212‰ to −166‰, with a value of −212‰ in the surface sediment. The residual δ2H value was estimated by subtracting the global ice volume effect from the hydrogen isotope composition of seawater (δ2Hsw), which was calculated with empirical relationships based on the δ2HC37. δ2Hresidual showed clear glacial-interglacial cycles with lower values during glacials than interglacials, a pattern that is not apparent in the analogous δ18Oresidual record from the same core. The latter was estimated from δ18O of the planktonic foraminifer Globigerinoides ruber by correcting for temperature and ice volume effects. We argue that δ2Hresidual may be better than δ18Oresidual as a record of surface seawater isotope changes in the SCS. The lower δ2Hresidual values during the glacials in the northern SCS were likely due to the La Niña-like conditions in the Western Tropical Pacific and the SCS, which resulted in increased precipitation and suppressed Kuroshio intrusion. Conversely, the higher δ2Hresidual values during the interglacials were likely due to El Niño-like conditions. Alternatively, the “extra” isotopic depletion of precipitation resulting from the reorganization of the regional atmospheric circulation under glacial conditions could also contribute to the lower δ2Hresidual values during the glacials.
测量了沉积物中长链不饱和 C37 烯酮(δ2HC37)的稳定氢同位素组成,以估算南海北部过去 260 千年的古水文变化。δ2HC37值在-212‰至-166‰之间,表层沉积物中的δ2HC37值为-212‰。残余δ2H值是通过从海水氢同位素组成(δ2Hsw)中减去全球冰量效应估算得出的,而海水氢同位素组成是根据δ2HC37的经验关系计算得出的。δ2Hresidual显示了明显的冰期-间冰期周期,冰期的值低于间冰期的值,这种模式在同一岩芯的δ18Oresidual记录中并不明显。后者是根据浮游有孔虫 Globigerinoides ruber 的 δ18O 值估算的,修正了温度和冰体积的影响。我们认为,作为 SCS 表层海水同位素变化的记录,δ2Hresidual 可能比δ18Oresidual 更好。南中国海北部冰川期较低的δ2Hresidual值可能是由于西太平洋和南中国海的拉尼娜现象导致降水增加和黑潮入侵受到抑制。相反,间冰期较高的δ2Hresidual 值可能是由于厄尔尼诺现象造成的。另外,冰期条件下区域大气环流重组导致的降水 "额外 "同位素损耗也可能是冰期δ2Hresidual 值较低的原因。
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引用次数: 0
Paleo-data is policy relevant: How do we better incorporate it in policy and decision making?
IF 4 1区 地球科学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2025-01-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2025.104707
K.J. Allen , C. Gouramanis , D. Sauchyn
The relatively recent acceleration of human activities that adversely impact Earth's systems has led to an increasingly urgent impetus to understand, mitigate, and adapt to these impacts. However, comprehension of natural systems, and fluctuations in their state, requires long-term data to capture the magnitude and direction of changes in these systems over very long time frames (decades to millennia). The current reliance on short instrumental or monitoring time series, that span only the last century or less, is simply inadequate to sustainably manage natural systems. Despite this growing need for long-term information and the abundance of paleo-data available, there has been little effort or success in incorporating paleo-science into policy and decision making. We use examples to demonstrate how paleo-data provides important insights into problems from three different domains: forest management and restoration, water resource management and wetland ecosystem management. We discuss a process through which opportunities to better utilise paleo-data by policy decision makers to achieve better policy outcomes can be identified. This involves first acknowledging the very different characteristics of paleo-scientists and policy makers, followed by recognition of the constraints, or barriers to the uptake of paleo-science information. These barriers exist as much for scientists as for policy makers. Identification of barriers enables opportunities for enhanced collaboration to improve the use of paleo-data for policy and decision making to be identified. Fundamentally, much greater interaction between paleo-scientists and policy makers is required to promote better science translation, data availability as well as to promote scientific literacy in government and industry, and policy literacy in the paleo-science community. Processes such as co-design are one way to achieve these aims, but require adequate resourcing, time and the collective will to collaborate.
{"title":"Paleo-data is policy relevant: How do we better incorporate it in policy and decision making?","authors":"K.J. Allen ,&nbsp;C. Gouramanis ,&nbsp;D. Sauchyn","doi":"10.1016/j.gloplacha.2025.104707","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gloplacha.2025.104707","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The relatively recent acceleration of human activities that adversely impact Earth's systems has led to an increasingly urgent impetus to understand, mitigate, and adapt to these impacts. However, comprehension of natural systems, and fluctuations in their state, requires long-term data to capture the magnitude and direction of changes in these systems over very long time frames (decades to millennia). The current reliance on short instrumental or monitoring time series, that span only the last century or less, is simply inadequate to sustainably manage natural systems. Despite this growing need for long-term information and the abundance of paleo-data available, there has been little effort or success in incorporating paleo-science into policy and decision making. We use examples to demonstrate how paleo-data provides important insights into problems from three different domains: forest management and restoration, water resource management and wetland ecosystem management. We discuss a process through which opportunities to better utilise paleo-data by policy decision makers to achieve better policy outcomes can be identified. This involves first acknowledging the very different characteristics of paleo-scientists and policy makers, followed by recognition of the constraints, or barriers to the uptake of paleo-science information. These barriers exist as much for scientists as for policy makers. Identification of barriers enables opportunities for enhanced collaboration to improve the use of paleo-data for policy and decision making to be identified. Fundamentally, much greater interaction between paleo-scientists and policy makers is required to promote better science translation, data availability as well as to promote scientific literacy in government and industry, and policy literacy in the paleo-science community. Processes such as co-design are one way to achieve these aims, but require adequate resourcing, time and the collective will to collaborate.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55089,"journal":{"name":"Global and Planetary Change","volume":"246 ","pages":"Article 104707"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143055170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Population migration with improved productivity caused a heterogeneity pattern of Holocene vegetation succession in typical areas of the lower Yangtze region 人口迁移和生产力的提高导致长江下游典型地区全新世植被演替呈现异质性格局
IF 4 1区 地球科学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2025-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2025.104705
Li Xiao , Xiaoyu Zhang , Jinqi Dai , Xueming Li , Ning Zhao , Shihao Liu , Jing Chen , Maotian Li , Yuanhao Sun , Haoyan Wang , Kai Li , Yan Liu , Qianli Sun
Climate fluctuations and human activities shaped vegetation dynamics during the Holocene, yet the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Our investigation utilizes the MAT-REVEALS approach to analyze 17 fossil pollen records spanning the past 8500 years collected at three typical areas of the lower Yangtze: South Zhejiang Mountains (SZJM), Taihu Basin (THB), and Yaojiang Valley (YJV). The reconstructed vegetation in SZJM revealed a high proportion of arboreal content during 8500–2000 cal yr BP, and the vegetation succession generally followed the variation of mean annual temperature and precipitation, indicating the Asian monsoon climate dominated the vegetation change. Of note, the minor decline of the broadleaved forest at 6000–5000 cal yr BP coincided with the drop in winter temperature, indicating its role as a limiting factor for the broadleaved arboreal. A marked increase of herbs (15.6 % to 36.5 %) occurred in the coastal region of YJV at 7500–5000 cal yr BP, which was not registered in SZJM, was coeval with a surging population and the start of extensive and intensive rice farming on the newly formed alluvial plain, indicating this noticeable landscape openness was induced by anthropogenic factors. Conversely, significant anthropogenic modifications of vegetation only emerged after 5000 cal yr BP in the THB, likely linked to large immigrations of population and the establishment of the Liangzhu hierarchical state that consumed abundant arboreal resources for large-scale constructions. Since 3000–2000 cal yr BP, a widespread decline of arboreal proportion took place in all three areas, which was coeval with a sharp decline of winter temperature as well as the introduction of bronze and later iron to this region during the Spring and Autumn to Three Kingdoms period. Notably, the decline in forest cover in the SZJM region was relatively late. However, it accelerated in the recent millennium, matching the timing of new immigrants from northern China during the Tang-Song dynasties. Overall, natural vegetation changes mainly followed the pattern of monsoon rainfall and winter temperature variations. Nevertheless, the heterogeneity pattern of vegetation changes on the coast underscored the pivotal role of the spatial-temporal distribution of population and advancing technology. This study highlights the regional and local impact of climatic and anthropogenic forces on vegetation composition, providing new insights for interpreting the timing and scale of human impact on past land cover and land use changes.
在全新世期间,气候波动和人类活动塑造了植被动态,但潜在的机制仍然难以捉摸。本研究利用mat -揭示方法分析了在浙南、太湖盆地和姚江流域3个长江下游典型地区采集的17份8500年花粉化石记录。8500 ~ 2000 cal yr BP期间,长江三角洲植被的乔木含量占比较高,植被演替总体上服从年平均气温和降水的变化,表明亚洲季风气候主导了植被的变化。值得注意的是,在6000 ~ 5000 cal yr BP,阔叶林的轻微下降与冬季气温的下降相吻合,表明冬季气温对阔叶林的限制作用。7500 ~ 5000 cal yr BP期间,长江流域沿海地区草本植物显著增加(15.6% ~ 36.5%),而长江流域未记录到这一变化,这与人口激增和新形成的冲积平原开始广泛集约种植水稻同时发生,表明这种明显的景观开放是由人为因素引起的。相反,人类对THB地区植被的显著改变仅在5000 cal yr BP之后才出现,这可能与人口的大规模移民和良渚等级国家的建立有关,这些国家消耗了大量的树木资源进行大规模建设。自3000-2000 cal yr BP以来,这三个地区树木比例普遍下降,与冬季气温急剧下降以及春秋三国时期青铜和后来的铁传入该地区同时发生。值得注意的是,SZJM地区森林覆盖下降的时间相对较晚。然而,在最近的千年里,它加速了,与唐宋时期来自中国北方的新移民的时间相匹配。总体而言,自然植被变化主要遵循季风降水和冬季气温变化的格局。然而,沿海植被变化的异质性格局强调了人口时空分布和技术进步的关键作用。该研究强调了气候和人为力量对植被组成的区域和局部影响,为解释人类对过去土地覆盖和土地利用变化的影响时间和规模提供了新的见解。
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Global and Planetary Change
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