Pub Date : 2025-05-12DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101440
Michael Köhler , Georg Hähn , Maarten Kanitz , Olga Ferlian , Nico Eisenhauer , Tesfaye Wubet , Helge Bruelheide
Phyllosphere fungi, encompassing both epiphytic and endophytic fungi, have rarely been studied along gradients of host diversity. In this study, we used a tree biodiversity experiment to investigate how tree species richness, host and neighboring species identities, and host-mycorrhizal association affect the richness and composition of the whole phyllosphere community as well as that considering epiphytes and endophytes separately. To distinguish epiphytes from endophytes, we employed a leaf-surface sterilization treatment. Richness and composition of the mycobiome were quantified using next-generation amplicon sequencing. Our findings revealed that tree species richness affected only the overall phyllosphere fungal community, not endophytes alone, suggesting that neighborhood effects predominantly influence fungi on the leaf cuticle. Neighborhood effects were only detectable in the phyllosphere as a whole and not within endophyte and epiphyte communities. Fungal community composition was shaped by host species identity, tree richness, host mycorrhizal type and the combination of mycorrhizal types at the plot level. This study underlines the importance of analyzing epiphytes and endophytes separately and highlights the necessity of using leaf-surface sterilization when examining phyllosphere fungal communities.
{"title":"The effects of tree diversity and neighborhood on phyllosphere fungal communities","authors":"Michael Köhler , Georg Hähn , Maarten Kanitz , Olga Ferlian , Nico Eisenhauer , Tesfaye Wubet , Helge Bruelheide","doi":"10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101440","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101440","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Phyllosphere fungi, encompassing both epiphytic and endophytic fungi, have rarely been studied along gradients of host diversity. In this study, we used a tree biodiversity experiment to investigate how tree species richness, host and neighboring species identities, and host-mycorrhizal association affect the richness and composition of the whole phyllosphere community as well as that considering epiphytes and endophytes separately. To distinguish epiphytes from endophytes, we employed a leaf-surface sterilization treatment. Richness and composition of the mycobiome were quantified using next-generation amplicon sequencing. Our findings revealed that tree species richness affected only the overall phyllosphere fungal community, not endophytes alone, suggesting that neighborhood effects predominantly influence fungi on the leaf cuticle. Neighborhood effects were only detectable in the phyllosphere as a whole and not within endophyte and epiphyte communities. Fungal community composition was shaped by host species identity, tree richness, host mycorrhizal type and the combination of mycorrhizal types at the plot level. This study underlines the importance of analyzing epiphytes and endophytes separately and highlights the necessity of using leaf-surface sterilization when examining phyllosphere fungal communities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55136,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Ecology","volume":"76 ","pages":"Article 101440"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143936087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-26DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101436
Peter G. Avis , Lucia Liet Goldman , Joseph E. Carrara , Ivan Fernandez
We examined how ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungal communities of a North American mixed species temperate forest recovered from 26 years of experimental nitrogen and sulfur addition. We used Illumina-based metabarcoding of the ribosomal DNA ITS region to compare the ECM fungal communities in soil samples collected at the end (in 2016) and six years after (in 2022) the conclusion of the Bear Brook Watershed Experiment, Maine, USA, a 26 year ammonium-sulfate addition study conducted in adjacent ∼10 ha treated and reference watersheds. Six years after the experiment ended, ECM fungal species richness in the treated watershed returned to reference watershed levels with a significant increase by Cortinarius, a nitrophobic genus. In addition, the ECM fungal community composition of the treated watershed was significantly different six years after the experiment ended. Because this forest is in a region of historically low nitrogen deposition, this study establishes a baseline for the study of recovery in other regions where nitrogen deposition is higher and more widespread.
{"title":"Six years later: Ectomycorrhizal fungal communities recovering after the end of long-term nitrogen and sulfur addition in a mixed-species temperate North American forest","authors":"Peter G. Avis , Lucia Liet Goldman , Joseph E. Carrara , Ivan Fernandez","doi":"10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101436","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101436","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We examined how ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungal communities of a North American mixed species temperate forest recovered from 26 years of experimental nitrogen and sulfur addition. We used Illumina-based metabarcoding of the ribosomal DNA ITS region to compare the ECM fungal communities in soil samples collected at the end (in 2016) and six years after (in 2022) the conclusion of the Bear Brook Watershed Experiment, Maine, USA, a 26 year ammonium-sulfate addition study conducted in adjacent ∼10 ha treated and reference watersheds. Six years after the experiment ended, ECM fungal species richness in the treated watershed returned to reference watershed levels with a significant increase by <em>Cortinarius</em>, a nitrophobic genus. In addition, the ECM fungal community composition of the treated watershed was significantly different six years after the experiment ended. Because this forest is in a region of historically low nitrogen deposition, this study establishes a baseline for the study of recovery in other regions where nitrogen deposition is higher and more widespread.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55136,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Ecology","volume":"76 ","pages":"Article 101436"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143874195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-24DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101437
Yu Fukasawa , Kristin Aleklett Kadish
{"title":"The emergence of fungal ethology as a distinctive discipline in mycology","authors":"Yu Fukasawa , Kristin Aleklett Kadish","doi":"10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101437","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101437","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55136,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Ecology","volume":"76 ","pages":"Article 101437"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144230977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-24DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101435
Yu Fukasawa, Satsuki Kimura
Wood-decaying basidiomycetes play crucial roles in global carbon cycling. The relative dominance of brown rot and white rot fungi, which vary with temperature, is key to understanding carbon sequestration in a changing environment. In this study, we measured changes in carbon allocation between brown and white rot fungi under heat stress to assess the outcome of their competition. After 25 days of incubation in liquid media, heat stress reduced hyphal biomass and increased CO2 emissions in both Neolentinus (brown rot) and Trichaptum (white rot) strains. However, carbon allocation to metabolite production and unknown fractions shifted markedly in Trichaptum strains under heat stress, whereas changes in Neolentinus strains were less pronounced. Competition between Neolentinus and Trichaptum shifted from a deadlock at optimal temperature to Neolentinus's dominance under heat stress. These findings suggest that Neolentinus is more heat-tolerant compared to Trichaptum, maintaining more stable metabolic activity under heat stress.
{"title":"Carbon allocation shifts during fungal mycelial competition under the heat stress","authors":"Yu Fukasawa, Satsuki Kimura","doi":"10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101435","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101435","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Wood-decaying basidiomycetes play crucial roles in global carbon cycling. The relative dominance of brown rot and white rot fungi, which vary with temperature, is key to understanding carbon sequestration in a changing environment. In this study, we measured changes in carbon allocation between brown and white rot fungi under heat stress to assess the outcome of their competition. After 25 days of incubation in liquid media, heat stress reduced hyphal biomass and increased CO<sub>2</sub> emissions in both <em>Neolentinus</em> (brown rot) and <em>Trichaptum</em> (white rot) strains. However, carbon allocation to metabolite production and unknown fractions shifted markedly in <em>Trichaptum</em> strains under heat stress, whereas changes in <em>Neolentinus</em> strains were less pronounced. Competition between <em>Neolentinus</em> and <em>Trichaptum</em> shifted from a deadlock at optimal temperature to <em>Neolentinus</em>'s dominance under heat stress. These findings suggest that <em>Neolentinus</em> is more heat-tolerant compared to <em>Trichaptum</em>, maintaining more stable metabolic activity under heat stress.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55136,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Ecology","volume":"76 ","pages":"Article 101435"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143865119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-10DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101425
Godar Sene , Chinedu C. Obieze , Obinna T. Ezeokoli , Brian Boyle , Ali M. Quoreshi , Damase P. Khasa
Primer selection and PCR methods can potentially lead to biased descriptions of microbial communities. Here, we investigated soil total fungi and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) community composition and diversity from diverse sites using several primers and amplification methods. The results showed that regardless of site, the ITS3tagmix1-5/ITS4ngs primer set generated a higher proportion of high-quality reads, targeted more fungal ASVs and revealed a higher total fungal alpha diversity compared to ITS3tagmix4/ITS4ngs. Among specific primers targeting the 18S rRNA gene, AMV4.5NF/AMDGR had differential specificity for Glomeraceae, whereas SSU515Fngs/Euk742R had differential specificity for Paraglomeraceae. Regardless of site, PCR approaches (nested vs non-nested) had higher influence on the AMF community structure than primer selection, though primer selection significantly influenced arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi richness. Overall, the findings suggest that the specificity of amplification in relation to primer selection and PCR stringency should guide the best interpretation of fungal community diversity data from high-throughput sequencing of environmental samples.
{"title":"Evaluation of soil fungal communities using the ITS2 sublocus and 18S gene primers under different amplification methods","authors":"Godar Sene , Chinedu C. Obieze , Obinna T. Ezeokoli , Brian Boyle , Ali M. Quoreshi , Damase P. Khasa","doi":"10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101425","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101425","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Primer selection and PCR methods can potentially lead to biased descriptions of microbial communities. Here, we investigated soil total fungi and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) community composition and diversity from diverse sites using several primers and amplification methods. The results showed that regardless of site, the ITS3tagmix1-5/ITS4ngs primer set generated a higher proportion of high-quality reads, targeted more fungal ASVs and revealed a higher total fungal alpha diversity compared to ITS3tagmix4/ITS4ngs. Among specific primers targeting the 18S rRNA gene, AMV4.5NF/AMDGR had differential specificity for Glomeraceae, whereas SSU515Fngs/Euk742R had differential specificity for Paraglomeraceae. Regardless of site, PCR approaches (nested vs non-nested) had higher influence on the AMF community structure than primer selection, though primer selection significantly influenced arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi richness. Overall, the findings suggest that the specificity of amplification in relation to primer selection and PCR stringency should guide the best interpretation of fungal community diversity data from high-throughput sequencing of environmental samples.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55136,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Ecology","volume":"76 ","pages":"Article 101425"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143817012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-08DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101426
Massimo Cogliati , Sevim Akçağlar , Okan Tore , Tadeja Matos , Rok Tomazin , Irena Zdovc , Donjeta Pllana-Hajdari , Patricia Escandon , Sara Epis , Giulia Maria Cattaneo , Francesca Serio
Despite the growing number of environmental surveys aimed to understand the ecology of the fungal pathogens Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii, little is known about their relationships with arthropods. In the present study we collected a large number of samples from trees and arthropods living on them to determine the occurrence of Cryptococcus in arthropods, to understand if they could represent a vehicle for dispersion in the environment, and finally to investigate how they might interact with the fungus. Samples were collected from seven different geographical areas of the world: northwestern Italy, southeastern Italy, Slovenia, Kosovo, Greece, Turkey, and Colombia. A total of 1396 trees were examined and 11,805 samples were collected, including 7492 arthropod samples. Arthropod positive samples, mostly from ants, were found only in northwestern and southeastern Italy, Greece, and Slovenia with an average rate of 0.2%. Thirty-three of positive trees hosted positive arthropods whereas in six of them arthropods resulted negative. In addition, for six trees, positive samples from arthropods were not associated with positive arboreal samples. In vitro experiments showed that ants can transfer cryptococcal yeasts from a contaminated substrate (soil or bark) to a sterile one and that the fungus can survive inside the digestive apparatus of ants. The present study showed that ants are potential vehicles for C. neoformans although the frequency of which they enter in contact with the fungus is low. Cryptococcal yeasts can survive within the bodies of ants, but it remains unclear whether the relationship they establish with their host is parasitic, commensal, or symbiotic.
{"title":"Interactions between the pathogenic fungus Cryptococcus neoformans and ants","authors":"Massimo Cogliati , Sevim Akçağlar , Okan Tore , Tadeja Matos , Rok Tomazin , Irena Zdovc , Donjeta Pllana-Hajdari , Patricia Escandon , Sara Epis , Giulia Maria Cattaneo , Francesca Serio","doi":"10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101426","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101426","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite the growing number of environmental surveys aimed to understand the ecology of the fungal pathogens <em>Cryptococcus neoformans</em> and <em>Cryptococcus gattii</em>, little is known about their relationships with arthropods. In the present study we collected a large number of samples from trees and arthropods living on them to determine the occurrence of <em>Cryptococcus</em> in arthropods, to understand if they could represent a vehicle for dispersion in the environment, and finally to investigate how they might interact with the fungus. Samples were collected from seven different geographical areas of the world: northwestern Italy, southeastern Italy, Slovenia, Kosovo, Greece, Turkey, and Colombia. A total of 1396 trees were examined and 11,805 samples were collected, including 7492 arthropod samples. Arthropod positive samples, mostly from ants, were found only in northwestern and southeastern Italy, Greece, and Slovenia with an average rate of 0.2%. Thirty-three of positive trees hosted positive arthropods whereas in six of them arthropods resulted negative. In addition, for six trees, positive samples from arthropods were not associated with positive arboreal samples. In vitro experiments showed that ants can transfer cryptococcal yeasts from a contaminated substrate (soil or bark) to a sterile one and that the fungus can survive inside the digestive apparatus of ants. The present study showed that ants are potential vehicles for <em>C. neoformans</em> although the frequency of which they enter in contact with the fungus is low. Cryptococcal yeasts can survive within the bodies of ants, but it remains unclear whether the relationship they establish with their host is parasitic, commensal, or symbiotic.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55136,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Ecology","volume":"76 ","pages":"Article 101426"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143790850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-02DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101427
Dineo M. Mailula , Brenda D. Wingfield , Magrieta A. van der Nest , Almuth Hammerbacher
The family Ceratocystidaceae includes economically important plant pathogens that vary in host preference and lifestyle. These fungi are believed to attract insect vectors, for their dispersal through their floral and fruity scents. This study aimed to identify the volatiles produced by a subset of fungi within the Ceratocystidaceae using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. The primary volatiles produced by most genera in the family were fusel alcohols and fusel acetates, but their emission rates differed significantly between genera and isolates from a single species. Ceratocystis albifundus collected from Protea cynaroides produced higher levels of fusel acetates compared to isolates from Terminalia sericea. In addition, significant differences in volatile biosynthesis were observed between isolates grown under different temperatures. Results of this study demonstrate that Ceratocystidaceae exhibit varied volatile profiles, but further research is needed to understand the ecological and physiological mechanisms underlying this plasticity.
{"title":"Production of fusel alcohols and fusel acetates by pathogenic fungi in the Ceratocystidaceae","authors":"Dineo M. Mailula , Brenda D. Wingfield , Magrieta A. van der Nest , Almuth Hammerbacher","doi":"10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101427","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101427","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The family Ceratocystidaceae includes economically important plant pathogens that vary in host preference and lifestyle. These fungi are believed to attract insect vectors, for their dispersal through their floral and fruity scents. This study aimed to identify the volatiles produced by a subset of fungi within the Ceratocystidaceae using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. The primary volatiles produced by most genera in the family were fusel alcohols and fusel acetates, but their emission rates differed significantly between genera and isolates from a single species. <em>Ceratocystis albifundus</em> collected from <em>Protea cynaroides</em> produced higher levels of fusel acetates compared to isolates from <em>Terminalia sericea</em>. In addition, significant differences in volatile biosynthesis were observed between isolates grown under different temperatures. Results of this study demonstrate that Ceratocystidaceae exhibit varied volatile profiles, but further research is needed to understand the ecological and physiological mechanisms underlying this plasticity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55136,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Ecology","volume":"76 ","pages":"Article 101427"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143748705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-01DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101428
Josiane Santana Monteiro , Priscila Sanjuan de Medeiros Sarmento , Fernanda Valente Penner , Arianne Flexa de Castro , Larissa Ranielle da Silva Parente , Leandro Araújo Argôlo , Rayara do Socorro Souza da Silva , Cecílio Frois Caldeira , Silvio Junio Ramos , José Tasso Felix Guimarães , Markus Gastauer
Fungi are crucial for ecosystem functioning, but there is a lack of data regarding their role in tropical ferruginous ecosystems. This study aims to characterize fungal communities across a vegetation gradient in the ferricretes of the southeastern Amazon, using metabarcoding of the second subunit of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS2). Soil samples were collected from different vegetation formations from previously identified ferricretes in the Lower Araguaia Watershed, Brazil. In total, 2,237 operational taxonomic units were obtained, with a predominance of Ascomycota and Basidiomycota. The taxonomic and functional groups differed between grasslands, shrublands and adjacent forests. Saprotrophic fungi and plant pathogens are predominant across all ferricrete formations, with notable dominance of melanized fungi such as Chaetothyriales and Pleosporales that are highly tolerant to adverse environmental conditions. The distribution of fungal communities is influenced by factors such as soil pH, nutrients, and texture. These results provide new insight into the dynamics of fungal communities in ferruginous fields and their importance for the maintenance of plant communities established in Amazonian ferricretes.
{"title":"Environmental heterogeneity and soil properties influence fungal communities in Amazonian ferruginous fields","authors":"Josiane Santana Monteiro , Priscila Sanjuan de Medeiros Sarmento , Fernanda Valente Penner , Arianne Flexa de Castro , Larissa Ranielle da Silva Parente , Leandro Araújo Argôlo , Rayara do Socorro Souza da Silva , Cecílio Frois Caldeira , Silvio Junio Ramos , José Tasso Felix Guimarães , Markus Gastauer","doi":"10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101428","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101428","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fungi are crucial for ecosystem functioning, but there is a lack of data regarding their role in tropical ferruginous ecosystems. This study aims to characterize fungal communities across a vegetation gradient in the ferricretes of the southeastern Amazon, using metabarcoding of the second subunit of the internal transcribed spacer (<em>ITS2</em>). Soil samples were collected from different vegetation formations from previously identified ferricretes in the Lower Araguaia Watershed, Brazil. In total, 2,237 operational taxonomic units were obtained, with a predominance of <em>Ascomycota</em> and <em>Basidiomycota</em>. The taxonomic and functional groups differed between grasslands, shrublands and adjacent forests. Saprotrophic fungi and plant pathogens are predominant across all ferricrete formations, with notable dominance of melanized fungi such as <em>Chaetothyriales</em> and <em>Pleosporales</em> that are highly tolerant to adverse environmental conditions. The distribution of fungal communities is influenced by factors such as soil pH, nutrients, and texture. These results provide new insight into the dynamics of fungal communities in ferruginous fields and their importance for the maintenance of plant communities established in Amazonian ferricretes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55136,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Ecology","volume":"76 ","pages":"Article 101428"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143740062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-08DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101417
Yoran Le Strat , Nicolas Ruiz , Paul Déléris , Thibaut Robiou du Pont , Samuel Bertrand , Stella Debaets , Gaëtan Burgaud , Justine Dumay
This study presents the first exploratory analysis of the cultivable fungal communities associated with the red alga Palmaria palmata and their temporal dynamics over one year. The fungal isolation strategy employed two culture media - a non-specific Wickerham medium and a specific “P. palmata” medium - coupled with two incubation temperatures (12 °C and 27 °C), and a differentiation between epiphytic and endophytic fungi. This experimental design yielded 298 fungal isolates. Through morphological observations and molecular techniques, 142 fungal taxa were identified. The cultivable fungal diversity associated with P. palmata was dominated by members of the phylum Ascomycota, with the classes Dothideomycetes, Eurotiomycetes and Sordariomycetes, and the genera Cladosporium, Penicillium and Aspergillus emerging as the dominant groups. This fungal diversity exhibited significant seasonal variation, with culture conditions - including incubation temperature and culture medium composition - influencing the diversity and composition of the cultivated fungi obtained.
{"title":"An exploratory study of species richness and dynamics in the cultivable mycobiota of Palmaria palmata","authors":"Yoran Le Strat , Nicolas Ruiz , Paul Déléris , Thibaut Robiou du Pont , Samuel Bertrand , Stella Debaets , Gaëtan Burgaud , Justine Dumay","doi":"10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101417","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101417","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents the first exploratory analysis of the cultivable fungal communities associated with the red alga <em>Palmaria palmata</em> and their temporal dynamics over one year. The fungal isolation strategy employed two culture media - a non-specific Wickerham medium and a specific “<em>P. palmata”</em> medium - coupled with two incubation temperatures (12 °C and 27 °C), and a differentiation between epiphytic and endophytic fungi. This experimental design yielded 298 fungal isolates. Through morphological observations and molecular techniques, 142 fungal taxa were identified. The cultivable fungal diversity associated with <em>P. palmata</em> was dominated by members of the phylum Ascomycota, with the classes Dothideomycetes, Eurotiomycetes and Sordariomycetes, and the genera <em>Cladosporium</em>, <em>Penicillium</em> and <em>Aspergillus</em> emerging as the dominant groups. This fungal diversity exhibited significant seasonal variation, with culture conditions - including incubation temperature and culture medium composition - influencing the diversity and composition of the cultivated fungi obtained.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55136,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Ecology","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 101417"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143580242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-06DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101418
Rahul Unni , Onur Erk Kavlak , Eva H. Stukenbrock , Primrose J. Boynton
Endosymbioses have profound impacts on eukaryotic organisms. However, symbiont effects on host fitness in natural conditions are difficult to study, especially for microbial hosts. We used killer viruses (intracellular satellite viruses that cause host cells to produce antifungal toxins) and the wild yeast Saccharomyces paradoxus to study a symbiont's effect on its host's fitness in oak litter. We cured hosts of naturally-occurring killer viruses and compared killer and cured individuals' fitnesses in laboratory medium and oak litter using a unique field chamber design. In the laboratory, the impact of virus loss on host fitness could be positive, negative, or neutral, depending on host identity. Trends in the forest were similar to those in the lab, although only overall strain fitness differences were significant and curing impacts differed between the forest and laboratory. These results demonstrate the importance of incorporating environmental context into studies of host-symbiont interactions.
{"title":"Fitness effects of killer virus infection on wild Saccharomyces paradoxus","authors":"Rahul Unni , Onur Erk Kavlak , Eva H. Stukenbrock , Primrose J. Boynton","doi":"10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101418","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101418","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Endosymbioses have profound impacts on eukaryotic organisms. However, symbiont effects on host fitness in natural conditions are difficult to study, especially for microbial hosts. We used killer viruses (intracellular satellite viruses that cause host cells to produce antifungal toxins) and the wild yeast <em>Saccharomyces paradoxus</em> to study a symbiont's effect on its host's fitness in oak litter. We cured hosts of naturally-occurring killer viruses and compared killer and cured individuals' fitnesses in laboratory medium and oak litter using a unique field chamber design. In the laboratory, the impact of virus loss on host fitness could be positive, negative, or neutral, depending on host identity. Trends in the forest were similar to those in the lab, although only overall strain fitness differences were significant and curing impacts differed between the forest and laboratory. These results demonstrate the importance of incorporating environmental context into studies of host-symbiont interactions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55136,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Ecology","volume":"75 ","pages":"Article 101418"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143563178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号