Fungal Ecology最新文献

英文中文

Strong climatic effects on ectomycorrhizal fungal communities at seedling establishment stage in ice-age relict forests 冰川期残林幼苗建立期外菌根真菌群落的强烈气候效应

IF 1.9 3区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ECOLOGY

Fungal Ecology

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2024.101410

Takahiko Koizumi , Kazuhide Nara

Ectomycorrhizal (ECM) associations are fundamental for seedling establishment in many forest ecosystems. However, it is unclear how spatial and environmental factors affect the structure of ECM fungal communities at the seedling establishment stage. Here, we investigated how spatial and environmental factors affect the composition of ECM fungal communities on naturally established seedlings of Pinus pumila in nine ice-age relict forests and compared the results with those of mature shrubs that we previously characterized. ECM fungi on field-collected seedling roots were identified using sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS). Redundancy analysis revealed that climatic factors accounted for the largest variation in ECM fungal community composition in naturally established seedlings (40%). The difference in host stages (seedlings/mature trees) in ECM fungal communities was larger than those of spatial, soil, and climate factors at the regional scale. Our results indicate that the ECM fungi that facilitate seedling establishment are significantly different from those on mature trees and are independently affected by climatic factors at the regional scale.

在许多森林生态系统中，外生菌根（ECM）关联是建立幼苗的基础。然而，空间和环境因素对苗期ECM真菌群落结构的影响尚不清楚。在此，我们研究了空间和环境因素如何影响9个冰期残林中自然建立的矮松幼苗的ECM真菌群落组成，并将结果与我们之前描述的成熟灌木进行了比较。利用内部转录间隔序列（ITS）对田间采集的ECM真菌进行了鉴定。冗余分析显示，在自然建立的幼苗中，气候因素对ECM真菌群落组成的影响最大（40%）。在区域尺度上，ECM真菌群落寄主期（幼苗/成熟乔木）的差异大于空间、土壤和气候因子的差异。结果表明，在区域尺度上，有利于成苗的ECM真菌与成熟树木上的ECM真菌存在显著差异，且受气候因素的独立影响。

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引用次数: 0

Not always optimal: Fungal fruiting triggers indicate climate sensitivity in cooler regions 并非总是最佳：真菌结出果实的诱因表明在较冷的地区气候敏感

IF 1.9 3区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ECOLOGY

Fungal Ecology

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101416

Carrie Andrew

Many fungi have environmentally-based fruiting triggers, which requires their quantification within the context of climate change. Species' optima were modelled for 127 commonly recorded European taxa for climate and weather conditions that were associated with their fruiting occurrences. Trends were reported based on their land-use biome associations, and attributes of species’ nutritional modes and the substrates they fruit from. The optimal fruiting conditions for over one third of the species demonstrated likely sensitivity to climate warming, whose optima predominantly clustered in the boreal forest and tundra, i.e., in regions most in peril for further warming. Niche breadths were narrower for terrestrially fruiting species, which suggested that daily weather perturbations will cause greater knock-on effects to terrestrial than wood-inhabiting taxa. All species were sensitive to extremes in daily recorded temperatures. These results add to the mounting evidence that biodiversity in high-latitude regions is increasingly threatened from warming temperatures.

许多真菌都有基于环境的结果触发器，这需要在气候变化的背景下对它们进行量化。以127个欧洲常见的分类群为对象，模拟了与它们的结果相关的气候和天气条件。根据其土地利用生物群系的关联、物种营养模式的属性和它们所生长的基质，报告了趋势。超过三分之一的树种的最佳结果条件显示出对气候变暖的敏感性，其最佳结果条件主要集中在北方森林和苔原，即在最容易进一步变暖的地区。陆生物种的生态位宽度较窄，这表明每天的天气扰动对陆生物种的连锁效应要大于栖息在森林中的物种。所有物种对每日记录的极端温度都很敏感。这些结果进一步证明，高纬度地区的生物多样性正日益受到气候变暖的威胁。

引用次数: 0

An exploratory study of species richness and dynamics in the cultivable mycobiota of Palmaria palmata 棕榈可培养菌群物种丰富度及动态的探索性研究

IF 1.9 3区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ECOLOGY

Fungal Ecology

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101417

Yoran Le Strat , Nicolas Ruiz , Paul Déléris , Thibaut Robiou du Pont , Samuel Bertrand , Stella Debaets , Gaëtan Burgaud , Justine Dumay

This study presents the first exploratory analysis of the cultivable fungal communities associated with the red alga Palmaria palmata and their temporal dynamics over one year. The fungal isolation strategy employed two culture media - a non-specific Wickerham medium and a specific “P. palmata” medium - coupled with two incubation temperatures (12 °C and 27 °C), and a differentiation between epiphytic and endophytic fungi. This experimental design yielded 298 fungal isolates. Through morphological observations and molecular techniques, 142 fungal taxa were identified. The cultivable fungal diversity associated with P. palmata was dominated by members of the phylum Ascomycota, with the classes Dothideomycetes, Eurotiomycetes and Sordariomycetes, and the genera Cladosporium, Penicillium and Aspergillus emerging as the dominant groups. This fungal diversity exhibited significant seasonal variation, with culture conditions - including incubation temperature and culture medium composition - influencing the diversity and composition of the cultivated fungi obtained.

本研究首次对红藻Palmaria palmata的可培养真菌群落及其在一年内的时间动态进行了探索性分析。真菌分离策略采用两种培养基-非特异性Wickerham培养基和特异性P。“掌”培养基-结合两种培养温度（12°C和27°C），并区分附生真菌和内生真菌。实验设计共分离出298株真菌。通过形态学观察和分子技术鉴定出142个真菌类群。与棕榈假单胞菌相关的可培养真菌多样性以子囊菌门的成员为主，其中多菌纲、Eurotiomycetes和Sordariomycetes，枝孢菌属、青霉菌属和曲霉属是优势类群。真菌多样性表现出明显的季节变化，培养条件（包括孵育温度和培养基成分）影响培养真菌的多样性和组成。

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引用次数: 0

The cumulative effects of precipitation determine the occurrence of Tricholoma matsutake fruiting bodies 降水的累积效应决定了松茸口蘑子实体的发生

IF 1.9 3区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ECOLOGY

Fungal Ecology

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101415

Yuuki Tsunoda , Ayu Narita , Kei Kitamura , Seiki Gisusi

Understanding the factors influencing mushroom occurrence is essential for advancing mushroom ecology and informing forest management practices. In this study, we hypothesized and demonstrated that the daily number of Tricholoma matsutake fruiting bodies is determined by the cumulative effect size of the antecedent precipitation index (API) up to the occurrence date. We employed a Bayesian approach with a state-space model for the analysis. Our results demonstrated a significant relationship between the number of fruiting bodies and API, with the cumulative effect size of API accurately predicting the number of fruiting bodies (R² = 0.89). Furthermore, the effect size on fruiting body number fluctuated daily, peaking 12 days before occurrence, and was 4.14 times that on the occurrence day and 19.98 times that 30 days prior at an API of 20 mm. These findings highlight the crucial role of precipitation in T. matsutake fruiting.

了解影响蘑菇发生的因素对促进蘑菇生态学和指导森林管理措施至关重要。在本研究中，我们假设并证明了松茸的日子实体数量是由发生日期前降水指数（API）的累积效应大小决定的。我们采用贝叶斯方法和状态空间模型进行分析。结果表明，子实体数量与API之间存在显著的相关关系，API的累积效应大小能够准确预测子实体数量（R2 = 0.89）。在API为20 mm的情况下，对子实体数的影响大小呈逐日波动，在发生前12 d达到峰值，是发生当天的4.14倍，是发生前30 d的19.98倍。这些发现强调了降水在松茸结果中的关键作用。

引用次数: 0

Fungi in treeline ecotones – Halting or causing abrupt ecosystem change? 树木交错带中的真菌-阻止或引起突然的生态系统变化？

IF 1.9 3区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ECOLOGY

Fungal Ecology

Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2024.101409

Henni Ylänne , Carles Castaño , Karina E. Clemmensen

Climate warming is currently expanding the low-temperature-limit for tree survival – the treeline – further into arctic and alpine areas. This may enable the encroachment of trees into previously treeless areas if no other limitations of tree growth prevail. As trees benefit from the activities of both symbiotic and saprotrophic soil fungi, and vice versa, concurrent range expansion of trees and fungi may facilitate forest development, alter ecosystem nutrient and carbon balances and potentially lead to an ecosystem tipping-point with altered climate feedbacks. The roles of fungi in vegetation shifts and subsequent climate feedbacks are poorly characterized. In this minireview, we outline potential roles of soil fungi in tree colonization and carbon balance and discuss the fungal-driven soil processes that may halt, precede or ultimately cause abrupt changes in treeline ecotones.

气候变暖目前正在扩大树木生存的低温极限——树线——进一步扩展到北极和高山地区。如果没有其他限制树木生长的因素，这可能会使树木侵入以前没有树木的地区。由于树木从共生和腐坏土壤真菌的活动中受益，反之亦然，树木和真菌的同时范围扩大可能促进森林发展，改变生态系统营养和碳平衡，并可能导致气候反馈改变的生态系统临界点。真菌在植被转移和随后的气候反馈中的作用尚不清楚。在这篇综述中，我们概述了土壤真菌在树木定植和碳平衡中的潜在作用，并讨论了真菌驱动的土壤过程，这些过程可能会阻止、先于或最终导致树线过渡带的突变。

引用次数: 0

Does ectomycorrhizal fungal biodiversity affect tree growth? 外生菌根真菌生物多样性影响树木生长吗？

IF 1.9 3区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ECOLOGY

Fungal Ecology

Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101413

Mark A. Anthony

Ectomycorrhizal fungi (EMF) are ubiquitous tree-associated symbionts aiding plant nutrition and growth in forests from the tropics to the boreal zone. They colonize tree roots and provide >70% of growth limiting nutrients, but with >10,000 EMF species, tree growth rates may vary depending on the composition and diversity of associated EMF communities as a consequence of the diversity of fungal functions and niches. While ample research demonstrates that EMF species differentially influence host plant growth in experimental inoculation studies, disparate insights from experimental and observational studies in the field must be integrated to evaluate the ecological relevance of EMF species, compositional, and biodiversity differences. In this short review, I evaluate whether EMF species identity, composition, and richness affect tree growth during early plant life stages. I first show that EMF species often, but not always, differentially effect seedling and sapling growth, both in the greenhouse and under field condition where other factors determine plant growth, such as variation in soil fertility and climate. Effects of EMF species richness on plant growth are context dependent, and stimulated tree growth in 37% of the cases identified (11/30 cases). Evidence to date suggests that differences in EMF composition more than richness affect tree growth. Limitations of current experimental studies and challenges interpreting observational patterns make it difficult to tease apart causality and directionality, but I provide a list of possible solutions for future research to address outstanding questions. Understanding how mycorrhizal biodiversity affects plant growth is not only an important frontier in ecological research, it also has implications for embedding fungi into forest management, conservation, and ecosystem restoration agendas.

外生菌根真菌（EMF）是普遍存在的与树木相关的共生体，有助于从热带到北方地区森林中的植物营养和生长。它们定植在树根上，并提供70%的生长限制养分，但由于真菌功能和生态位的多样性，在10,000种EMF物种中，树木的生长速度可能会根据相关EMF群落的组成和多样性而变化。虽然大量研究表明，在实验接种研究中，EMF物种对寄主植物生长的影响是不同的，但必须将来自该领域实验和观察研究的不同见解整合起来，以评估EMF物种、组成和生物多样性差异的生态相关性。在这篇简短的综述中，我评估了EMF物种的特征、组成和丰富度是否会影响植物早期的生长。我首先表明，电磁场物种经常（但并非总是）对温室和田间条件下的幼苗和树苗生长产生不同的影响，在其他因素决定植物生长的条件下，如土壤肥力和气候的变化。EMF物种丰富度对植物生长的影响依赖于环境，在已确定的案例中，有37%（11/30）的案例刺激了树木生长。迄今为止的证据表明，EMF组成的差异比丰富程度的差异更能影响树木的生长。当前实验研究的局限性和解释观察模式的挑战使得很难梳理出因果关系和方向性，但我为未来的研究提供了一个可能的解决方案清单，以解决悬而未决的问题。了解菌根生物多样性如何影响植物生长不仅是生态学研究的重要前沿，而且对将真菌纳入森林管理、保护和生态系统恢复议程具有重要意义。

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引用次数: 0

Global richness of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi 丛枝菌根真菌的全球丰富度

IF 1.9 3区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ECOLOGY

Fungal Ecology

Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2024.101407

Stefanie Lutz , Vladimir Mikryukov , Maëva Labouyrie , Mohammad Bahram , Arwyn Jones , Panos Panagos , Manuel Delgado-Baquerizo , Fernando T. Maestre , Alberto Orgiazzi , Leho Tedersoo , Marcel G.A. van der Heijden

Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi form mutualistic associations with most land plants and are of pivotal importance for plant growth and nutrition. AM fungi include both the well-known phylum Glomeromycota (G-AMF) and the recently established clade of Endogonomycete fine root endophytes within the phylum Mucoromycota, often viewed as putative AMF (E-AMF). Yet, the global richness of these fungal groups, in particular of E-AMF, is poorly understood. To provide comprehensive global species of G-AMF and E-AMF, we analysed long-read sequencing data of the full-length ITS marker from 4,733 sampling sites across all continents and biomes. Our study provides the first combined estimate of global G-AMF and putative E-AMF richness, far exceeding the numbers and taxa reported so far. Specifically, we detected 8,517 OTUs of G-AMF, surpassing previous AMF richness estimates by a factor of five to fifteen. In addition, we identified 600 OTUs for putative E-AMF, providing the first global estimate for this group.

丛枝菌根真菌（AM）与大多数陆地植物形成共生关系，对植物生长和营养至关重要。AM真菌包括众所周知的肾小球菌门（G-AMF）和最近在毛霉门中建立的内源性菌门细根内生真菌，通常被视为假定的AMF （E-AMF）。然而，这些真菌群体的全球丰富性，特别是E-AMF，知之甚少。为了提供全面的全球G-AMF和E-AMF物种，我们分析了来自所有大陆和生物群系的4,733个采样点的全长ITS标记的长读测序数据。我们的研究首次提供了全球G-AMF和假定的E-AMF丰富度的综合估计，远远超过迄今为止报道的数量和分类群。具体来说，我们检测到8517个G-AMF的otu，超过了以前AMF丰富度的估计5到15倍。此外，我们为假定的E-AMF确定了600个otu，为该群体提供了第一个全球估计。

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引用次数: 0

Pine seedlings select a consistent ectomycorrhizal community regardless of water availability and inoculum origin 松树幼苗选择一个一致的外生菌根群落，而不考虑水分供应和接种来源

IF 1.9 3区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ECOLOGY

Fungal Ecology

Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2024.101406

Lior Herol , Tamir Klein , Stav Livne-Luzon , Hagai Shemesh

The effect of water stress on mutualistic interactions can play a key role in forest response to drought. We tested the effects of water availability on the mutualism between Aleppo pine seedlings and ectomycorrhizal fungi (EMF) originating from soil spore banks of pine forests along a steep climatic gradient. The composition of the EMF communities in the soil varied along the climatic gradient, whereas the communities on pine seedlings' roots which were inoculated with these soil spore banks remained largely consistent. Water stress reduced seedling growth, which was influenced by EMF presence and not by inoculum origin. These results suggest that even under water shortage, pine seedlings maintain similar partnerships despite variable EMF availability. This raises important questions regarding the role of EMF richness at different stages of tree growth and at different ecological scales and improves our understanding of forest regeneration dynamics under extreme climatic conditions.

水分胁迫对相互作用的影响在森林对干旱的响应中起关键作用。我们测试了水分供应对阿勒颇松树幼苗和源自陡峭气候梯度松林土壤孢子库的外生菌根真菌（EMF）之间相互作用的影响。土壤中电磁场群落的组成随气候梯度的变化而变化，而接种了这些土壤孢子库的松树幼苗根系上的群落基本保持一致。水分胁迫降低了幼苗的生长，这是受电磁场的影响，而不是受接种源的影响。这些结果表明，即使在缺水的情况下，尽管EMF可用性变化，松树幼苗仍保持类似的伙伴关系。这提出了关于EMF丰富度在树木生长的不同阶段和不同生态尺度上的作用的重要问题，并提高了我们对极端气候条件下森林更新动态的理解。

引用次数: 0

Secondary metabolites and their impact on symbiotic interactions in the ambrosia fungus Geosmithia eupagioceri 龙心菌次生代谢物及其对共生相互作用的影响

IF 1.9 3区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ECOLOGY

Fungal Ecology

Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101414

Miroslav Kolařík , Eva Stodůlková , Soňa Kajzrová , Jaroslav Semerád , Jan Hubert , Marek Kuzma , Miroslav Šulc , Ivana Císařová , Andrej Jašica , Jan-Peer Wennrich , Jiří Hulcr , Miroslav Flieger

Ambrosia fungi colonize dead trees, providing nutrition for ambrosia beetles. A key aspect of this symbiosis is the ability of fungi to colonize and dominate the wood around the beetle tunnels. Hypotheses for these dynamics include active beetle management, fungal inoculation priority, and the chemical ecology of the fungus. The ecological role of allelochemicals produced by ambrosia fungi is unknown. This study presents an analysis of secondary metabolites from Geosmithia eupagioceri (Ascomycota: Hypocreales). Eight extracellular compounds were identified: 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furancarboxylic acid, several hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives, 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid (4-HPA), 4-HPA methyl ester, tyrosol, and thymine. Most compounds show cross-taxon activity, suppressing the growth of bacteria, fungi, a nematode, and a mite. We also point out that these compounds also have potential to modulate the physiology of their producer, the beetle host and associated microbes through synergism.

凤仙花真菌寄生在死树上，为凤仙花甲虫提供营养。这种共生关系的一个关键方面是真菌在甲虫隧道周围的木材中定居和支配的能力。这些动态的假设包括主动甲虫管理，真菌接种优先权和真菌的化学生态学。ambrosia真菌产生的化感物质的生态作用尚不清楚。本研究报道了一种分析eupagioceri（子囊菌门：下creales）次生代谢物的方法。鉴定出8种细胞外化合物：5-羟基甲基-2-呋喃羧酸、几种羟基苯甲酸衍生物、4-羟基苯基乙酸（4-HPA）、4-HPA甲酯、酪醇和胸腺嘧啶。大多数化合物表现出跨分类群的活性，抑制细菌、真菌、线虫和螨的生长。我们还指出，这些化合物也有可能通过协同作用调节其生产者甲虫宿主和相关微生物的生理。

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引用次数: 0

Fungal ecology at treelines 树线真菌生态学

IF 1.9 3区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ECOLOGY

Fungal Ecology

Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101412

Carles Castaño , Henni Ylänne , Karina Engelbrecht Clemmensen

引用次数: 0

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