Pub Date : 2025-08-14DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101457
I.A. Dickie , J.V. Ramana , K.H. Orwin
Terrestrial oomycetes are an important, often-overlooked component of biodiversity, but their potential response to climate change remains largely unknown. We quantified oomycete communities across elevation (27–650 m) and precipitation (735–1905 mm yr−1) at both a plant community and focal tree scale in above- and below-ground substrates using DNA metabarcoding. Aplanopsis, Globisporangium, Pythium, Phytophthora, and Peronospora dominated communities, with strong differentiation between above- and below-ground substrates. Oomycete presence and species richness declined with elevation in community samples, but not in focal tree samples, while community composition was strongly affected by substrate, elevation and precipitation in all sample types. Under current climate trends, our findings suggest oomycete communities at higher elevations may undergo large shifts in composition, including a 3.5 × increase in the number of oomycete species by around 2100, which could have significant consequences for plant community structure and health.
陆生卵菌是生物多样性中一个重要的、经常被忽视的组成部分，但它们对气候变化的潜在反应在很大程度上仍然未知。我们利用DNA元条形码技术，在地上和地下的植物群落和焦点树尺度上，对不同海拔（27-650 m）和降水（735-1905 mm yr - 1）的卵菌群落进行了量化。Aplanopsis、Globisporangium、Pythium、Phytophthora和Peronospora占主导地位，地上和地下基质分化强烈。群落样品中卵菌数量和物种丰富度随海拔升高而下降，但焦点乔木样品中卵菌数量和物种丰富度随海拔升高而下降，而群落组成受基质、海拔和降水的强烈影响。在当前的气候趋势下，我们的研究结果表明，高海拔地区的卵菌群落可能会发生很大的组成变化，包括到2100年左右卵菌物种数量增加3.5倍，这可能对植物群落结构和健康产生重大影响。
{"title":"Climatic drivers of oomycete communities at plant and community scales","authors":"I.A. Dickie , J.V. Ramana , K.H. Orwin","doi":"10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101457","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101457","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Terrestrial oomycetes are an important, often-overlooked component of biodiversity, but their potential response to climate change remains largely unknown. We quantified oomycete communities across elevation (27–650 m) and precipitation (735–1905 mm yr<sup>−1</sup>) at both a plant community and focal tree scale in above- and below-ground substrates using DNA metabarcoding. <em>Aplanopsis, Globisporangium, Pythium, Phytophthora</em>, and <em>Peronospora</em> dominated communities, with strong differentiation between above- and below-ground substrates. Oomycete presence and species richness declined with elevation in community samples, but not in focal tree samples, while community composition was strongly affected by substrate, elevation and precipitation in all sample types. Under current climate trends, our findings suggest oomycete communities at higher elevations may undergo large shifts in composition, including a 3.5 × increase in the number of oomycete species by around 2100, which could have significant consequences for plant community structure and health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55136,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Ecology","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 101457"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144841157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-24DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101451
Nicholas Zemp , Peter R. Nelson , Emily A. Holt
Studies abound describing community structure of lichens across various landscapes. However, much of this work only uses lichen identity and abundance, with fewer studies using functional traits to describe these patterns. We believe that lichen chemistry represents a promising possible functional trait with which to investigate lichen ecosystem function, but current literature has yet to define species targets for investigation. We developed a bibliographic database of secondary metabolites documented to occur in Arctic lichen species. Using these chemical data, in conjunction with existing field datasets across the Arctic National Parklands, USA, yielded species abundance-weighted mean chemical frequency. Ordination analysis revealed three primary gradients in lichen chemistry. We found that lichen chemistry community patterns were not random. We recommend nine secondary chemicals, which are strongly associated with these environmental gradients as targets for future chemistry-based functional trait research. This novel approach has utility well beyond simply characterizing the community through the lens of lichen chemistry.
{"title":"Lichen secondary chemistry variation across environmental gradients in Arctic Alaska: Possible targets for functional trait exploration","authors":"Nicholas Zemp , Peter R. Nelson , Emily A. Holt","doi":"10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101451","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101451","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Studies abound describing community structure of lichens across various landscapes. However, much of this work only uses lichen identity and abundance, with fewer studies using functional traits to describe these patterns. We believe that lichen chemistry represents a promising possible functional trait with which to investigate lichen ecosystem function, but current literature has yet to define species targets for investigation. We developed a bibliographic database of secondary metabolites documented to occur in Arctic lichen species. Using these chemical data, in conjunction with existing field datasets across the Arctic National Parklands, USA, yielded species abundance-weighted mean chemical frequency. Ordination analysis revealed three primary gradients in lichen chemistry. We found that lichen chemistry community patterns were not random. We recommend nine secondary chemicals, which are strongly associated with these environmental gradients as targets for future chemistry-based functional trait research. This novel approach has utility well beyond simply characterizing the community through the lens of lichen chemistry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55136,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Ecology","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 101451"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144696825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-19DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101454
Eivind Kverme Ronold , Unni Vik , Vigdis Vandvik , Håvard Kauserud , Ella Thoen
The elevational limit for trees is increasing worldwide due to global warming. The elevational range expansion of obligate ectomycorrhizal trees, such as Betula pubescens, may however be limited by lack of fungal symbionts above the treeline since the vegetation here is often dominated by plants forming other mycorrhizal types. We set up a cross-factorial experiment cultivating Betula pubescens seedlings in alpine and lowland soils, at simulated alpine and lowland temperatures, to test whether the fungal community may limit seedling establishment. We found that alpine soils contained fewer ectomycorrhizal fungi in general and that seedlings cultivated in alpine soil were smaller and recruited fewer ectomycorrhizal fungi compared to seedlings cultivated in lowland soil. Our results indicate a link between seedling success, soil fungal community and mycorrhizal colonization. We suggest that unsuccessful mycorrhization of seedlings above the treeline may be limiting for treeline expansion under increased alpine temperatures.
{"title":"Elevational range expansion of Betula pubescens may be slowed by lack of suitable mycorrhizal symbionts in alpine soils","authors":"Eivind Kverme Ronold , Unni Vik , Vigdis Vandvik , Håvard Kauserud , Ella Thoen","doi":"10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101454","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101454","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The elevational limit for trees is increasing worldwide due to global warming. The elevational range expansion of obligate ectomycorrhizal trees, such as <em>Betula pubescens,</em> may however be limited by lack of fungal symbionts above the treeline since the vegetation here is often dominated by plants forming other mycorrhizal types. We set up a cross-factorial experiment cultivating <em>Betula pubescens</em> seedlings in alpine and lowland soils, at simulated alpine and lowland temperatures, to test whether the fungal community may limit seedling establishment. We found that alpine soils contained fewer ectomycorrhizal fungi in general and that seedlings cultivated in alpine soil were smaller and recruited fewer ectomycorrhizal fungi compared to seedlings cultivated in lowland soil. Our results indicate a link between seedling success, soil fungal community and mycorrhizal colonization. We suggest that unsuccessful mycorrhization of seedlings above the treeline may be limiting for treeline expansion under increased alpine temperatures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55136,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Ecology","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 101454"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144665417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-12DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101452
Irena A. Koelemeijer , Carles Castaño , Karina E. Clemmensen , Johan Ehrlén , Pieter De Frenne , Mari Jönsson , Kristoffer Hylander
Due to climate change, droughts are increasingly frequent and intense. Yet, their impact on boreal forest fungal communities remains unclear, especially across different fungal functional and taxonomic groups. We induced an experimental rainfall exclusion for 45 summer days, using a paired design of 1 × 1 m treatment and control plots replicated in 25 sites in a boreal forest landscape in Sweden. Immediately after the experiment, we assessed the effects on soil fungal biomass, community composition and, after 2 months, sporocarp production. We did not detect significant effects of the rainfall exclusion on soil fungal biomass, but the fungal community composition was affected. In the rainfall exclusion plots, richness of ectomycorrhizal species with extensive extramatrical mycelia and saprotrophic basidiomycetes was reduced, while richness of ascomycetes was not affected. Sporocarp production of both saprotrophic and ectomycorrhizal fungi was reduced. The clear effects of a small-scale rainfall exclusion demonstrated in our study suggest that belowground fungal communities in boreal forests may be vulnerable to drought.
{"title":"Effects of rainfall exclusion on soil fungi in a boreal forest landscape","authors":"Irena A. Koelemeijer , Carles Castaño , Karina E. Clemmensen , Johan Ehrlén , Pieter De Frenne , Mari Jönsson , Kristoffer Hylander","doi":"10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101452","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101452","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Due to climate change, droughts are increasingly frequent and intense. Yet, their impact on boreal forest fungal communities remains unclear, especially across different fungal functional and taxonomic groups. We induced an experimental rainfall exclusion for 45 summer days, using a paired design of 1 × 1 m treatment and control plots replicated in 25 sites in a boreal forest landscape in Sweden. Immediately after the experiment, we assessed the effects on soil fungal biomass, community composition and, after 2 months, sporocarp production. We did not detect significant effects of the rainfall exclusion on soil fungal biomass, but the fungal community composition was affected. In the rainfall exclusion plots, richness of ectomycorrhizal species with extensive extramatrical mycelia and saprotrophic basidiomycetes was reduced, while richness of ascomycetes was not affected. Sporocarp production of both saprotrophic and ectomycorrhizal fungi was reduced. The clear effects of a small-scale rainfall exclusion demonstrated in our study suggest that belowground fungal communities in boreal forests may be vulnerable to drought.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55136,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Ecology","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 101452"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144611786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-05DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101453
Felipe Geremia , Matheus da Silva Camargo , Nicolau Sbaraini , Esther Maria Rocha, Luiza Stein, Rafaela Davis Da Silva Trisch, Victoria Pommer, Marilene Henning Vainstein , Augusto Schrank
The Saint Peter and Saint Paul Archipelago (SPSPA), located in the equatorial Atlantic Ocean, is a remote and extreme environment with high salinity, intense UV radiation, scarce vegetation, and limited nutrients. This study presents the first in-depth survey of its fungal communities using culturomics and metabarcoding. Thirty samples of soil, water, and organic matter were collected from ten sites. Culturomics yielded 313 isolates, with 204 fungi identified by DNA barcoding (internal transcribed spacer region sequencing). Most belonged to Ascomycota (90.7 %), with Aspergillus (14.7 %), Candida (13.7 %), and Hortaea (13.2 %) as dominant genera. Notably, 45 isolates (22 %) showed potential to represent new species, highlighting microbial adaptation to extreme conditions. Metabarcoding of three soil samples revealed 422 amplicon sequence variants, mainly from Ascomycota. This is the first intensive report of fungal communities from SPSPA, providing a foundation for future studies on biodiversity changes, as well as to explore potential biotechnological applications.
{"title":"The untapped fungal diversity of the Saint Peter and Saint Paul Archipelago, Mid-Atlantic Ridge, Brazil","authors":"Felipe Geremia , Matheus da Silva Camargo , Nicolau Sbaraini , Esther Maria Rocha, Luiza Stein, Rafaela Davis Da Silva Trisch, Victoria Pommer, Marilene Henning Vainstein , Augusto Schrank","doi":"10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101453","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101453","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Saint Peter and Saint Paul Archipelago (SPSPA), located in the equatorial Atlantic Ocean, is a remote and extreme environment with high salinity, intense UV radiation, scarce vegetation, and limited nutrients. This study presents the first in-depth survey of its fungal communities using culturomics and metabarcoding. Thirty samples of soil, water, and organic matter were collected from ten sites. Culturomics yielded 313 isolates, with 204 fungi identified by DNA barcoding (internal transcribed spacer region sequencing). Most belonged to Ascomycota (90.7 %), with <em>Aspergillus</em> (14.7 %), <em>Candida</em> (13.7 %), and <em>Hortaea</em> (13.2 %) as dominant genera. Notably, 45 isolates (22 %) showed potential to represent new species, highlighting microbial adaptation to extreme conditions. Metabarcoding of three soil samples revealed 422 amplicon sequence variants, mainly from Ascomycota. This is the first intensive report of fungal communities from SPSPA, providing a foundation for future studies on biodiversity changes, as well as to explore potential biotechnological applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55136,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Ecology","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 101453"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144556788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-04DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101450
Nattapol Kraisitudomsook , Elena Karlsen-Ayala , Matthew E. Smith
While much of the literature focuses on plant and prokaryote tolerance towards abiotic stresses, environmental resistance by fungi remains understudied. Many fungi have traits that help them to tolerate extreme environmental perturbations. Bird's nest fungi produce ‘peridioles’ which consist of basidiospores, basidia, hyphae, and melanized walls, but their tolerance towards environmental stresses is currently unknown. We exposed the peridioles of three distantly related bird's nest fungi species (Cyathus poepigii, Crucibulum parvulum, and Nidularia pulvinata) to extremely high temperatures, extremely low temperatures, and prolonged ultraviolet (UV-C) radiation. The viability of bird's nest fungi peridioles declined after high heat treatments although all three species showed tolerance up to about 40 °C. In contrast, peridioles were unaffected by freezing or direct ultraviolet radiation. Although bird's nest fungi are not typically found under extreme conditions, three distantly related species germinated well following exposure to extreme environments for either 6 or 24 h. More research is needed to clarify whether other peridiole-producing fungi share this wide tolerance of harsh environmental conditions.
{"title":"Unbreakable: Bird's nest fungi tolerate extreme abiotic stresses","authors":"Nattapol Kraisitudomsook , Elena Karlsen-Ayala , Matthew E. Smith","doi":"10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101450","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101450","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>While much of the literature focuses on plant and prokaryote tolerance towards abiotic stresses, environmental resistance by fungi remains understudied. Many fungi have traits that help them to tolerate extreme environmental perturbations. Bird's nest fungi produce ‘peridioles’ which consist of basidiospores, basidia, hyphae, and melanized walls, but their tolerance towards environmental stresses is currently unknown. We exposed the peridioles of three distantly related bird's nest fungi species (<em>Cyathus poepigii</em>, <em>Crucibulum parvulum</em>, and <em>Nidularia pulvinata</em>) to extremely high temperatures, extremely low temperatures, and prolonged ultraviolet (UV-C) radiation. The viability of bird's nest fungi peridioles declined after high heat treatments although all three species showed tolerance up to about 40 °C. In contrast, peridioles were unaffected by freezing or direct ultraviolet radiation. Although bird's nest fungi are not typically found under extreme conditions, three distantly related species germinated well following exposure to extreme environments for either 6 or 24 h. More research is needed to clarify whether other peridiole-producing fungi share this wide tolerance of harsh environmental conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55136,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Ecology","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 101450"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144562838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-21DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101439
Álvaro López-García , Hans Henrik Bruun , Jing Tang , Rasmus Kjøller , Søren Rosendahl
On new land, succession of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal communities depends on dispersal of propagules from a regional metacommunity and on supply of plant partners locally. We followed the succession of AM fungal communities from 2010 to 2016 on the artificial island Peberholm, which was constructed in 1998. We surveyed AM fungal communities using metabarcoding. Early in succession, AM fungal communities were characterized by a high proportion of sporulating taxa and strong dominance, consistent with a dispersal-driven mass effect imprinting the initial community composition. Over time, the prevalence of sporulating taxa declined, additional taxa were gained and β-diversity at the whole-island level increased. This pattern suggest a gradual shift towards a more deterministic assembly, where biotic interactions and environmental filtering play a greater role, leading to higher spatial differentiation of AM communities in response to abiotic conditions and plant communities.
{"title":"Assembly of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities changes from stochastic to deterministic during primary succession","authors":"Álvaro López-García , Hans Henrik Bruun , Jing Tang , Rasmus Kjøller , Søren Rosendahl","doi":"10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101439","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101439","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>On new land, succession of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal communities depends on dispersal of propagules from a regional metacommunity and on supply of plant partners locally. We followed the succession of AM fungal communities from 2010 to 2016 on the artificial island Peberholm, which was constructed in 1998. We surveyed AM fungal communities using metabarcoding. Early in succession, AM fungal communities were characterized by a high proportion of sporulating taxa and strong dominance, consistent with a dispersal-driven mass effect imprinting the initial community composition. Over time, the prevalence of sporulating taxa declined, additional taxa were gained and β-diversity at the whole-island level increased. This pattern suggest a gradual shift towards a more deterministic assembly, where biotic interactions and environmental filtering play a greater role, leading to higher spatial differentiation of AM communities in response to abiotic conditions and plant communities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55136,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Ecology","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 101439"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144330758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-20DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101441
Shannon L. Sharpe, Dale Casamatta, Anthony Rossi
Asphondylia borrichiae gall midges deposit endophytic fungi (EF) during oviposition. However, their fungal associations, EF diversity across host plants, and potential interactions between them all remain poorly understood. Galls and tissues from two hosts (Borrichia frutescens and Iva frutescens) were surveyed to catalog and compare EF diversity. Molecular sequencing (ITS 1–4) and culturing identified 21 fungal genera: 95.6 % Ascomycota and 4.4 % Basidiomycota. Fusarium spp. were isolated from all sample sets (36–63 % relative abundance), while Botryosphaeria dothidea (9–11 %), Cladosporium sp. (11–13 %), Alternaria sp. (4 %), and Clonostachys sp. (2–6 %) were most abundant in gall samples. Botryosphaeria dothidea was found in both gall-lining and non-gall tissues of B. frutescens. Gall EF diversity was significantly higher in B. frutescens (p < 0.000573). Future research should explore how host-switching or post-associational barriers might influence EF transmission or communities. Further understanding these associations will inform broader studies on EF distributions and myco-phytophagous insect life cycles.
{"title":"Endophytic fungal diversity within galls induced by Asphondylia borrichiae (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) and their surrounding host tissues (Borrichia frutescens and Iva frutescens)","authors":"Shannon L. Sharpe, Dale Casamatta, Anthony Rossi","doi":"10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101441","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101441","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Asphondylia borrichiae</em> gall midges deposit endophytic fungi (EF) during oviposition. However, their fungal associations, EF diversity across host plants, and potential interactions between them all remain poorly understood. Galls and tissues from two hosts (<em>Borrichia frutescens</em> and <em>Iva frutescens</em>) were surveyed to catalog and compare EF diversity. Molecular sequencing (ITS 1–4) and culturing identified 21 fungal genera: 95.6 % Ascomycota and 4.4 % Basidiomycota. <em>Fusarium</em> spp. were isolated from all sample sets (36–63 % relative abundance), while <em>Botryosphaeria dothidea</em> (9–11 %), <em>Cladosporium</em> sp. (11–13 %), <em>Alternaria</em> sp. (4 %), and <em>Clonostachys</em> sp. (2–6 %) were most abundant in gall samples. <em>Botryosphaeria dothidea</em> was found in both gall-lining and non-gall tissues of <em>B. frutescens</em>. Gall EF diversity was significantly higher in <em>B. frutescens</em> (p < 0.000573). Future research should explore how host-switching or post-associational barriers might influence EF transmission or communities. Further understanding these associations will inform broader studies on EF distributions and myco-phytophagous insect life cycles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55136,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Ecology","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 101441"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144321903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-03DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101442
Ayuka Iwakiri , Tsubasa Nakagawa , Norihisa Matsushita , Roger T. Koide , Yasushi Hashimoto
Plants harbor diverse foliar endophytic fungi (FEF). Host species is a major determinant of FEF community structure. When considering the host effect on FEF communities, however, it is often challenging to minimize the effects from the variability of other biotic and abiotic environmental factors. In this study, we focused on a bog system to study the host–FEF community relationship, where four woody plant species of almost identical size are codistributed on small hummocks. FEF community structure did significantly differ among the four host species. It was also suggested that host phylogenetic relatedness may partially explain FEF community structure. Indicator species analysis indicated that around 10 % OTUs were host-specific, and analyses using FungalTraits showed that most are plant pathogens. Overall, foliar endophytic fungi appear to be filtered by host species, but determining the ecological roles of host-specific FEF will require further study.
{"title":"Sources of variation in foliar endophytic fungal communities in a unique bog system, Hokkaido, Japan","authors":"Ayuka Iwakiri , Tsubasa Nakagawa , Norihisa Matsushita , Roger T. Koide , Yasushi Hashimoto","doi":"10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101442","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101442","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Plants harbor diverse foliar endophytic fungi (FEF). Host species is a major determinant of FEF community structure. When considering the host effect on FEF communities, however, it is often challenging to minimize the effects from the variability of other biotic and abiotic environmental factors. In this study, we focused on a bog system to study the host–FEF community relationship, where four woody plant species of almost identical size are codistributed on small hummocks. FEF community structure did significantly differ among the four host species. It was also suggested that host phylogenetic relatedness may partially explain FEF community structure. Indicator species analysis indicated that around 10 % OTUs were host-specific, and analyses using FungalTraits showed that most are plant pathogens. Overall, foliar endophytic fungi appear to be filtered by host species, but determining the ecological roles of host-specific FEF will require further study.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55136,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Ecology","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 101442"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144195344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-05-15DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101438
Joanne E. Taylor , Karsten Schönrogge , Anna Oliver , Stephen Cavers , Joan Cottrell , Annika Perry , Melanie Gibbs , Richard Ennos
Following fungicide treatment of young Scots pine trees in Scotland targeted at Dothistroma septosporum, foliar fungal endophytic communities were investigated with culture-based methods and metabarcoding of cDNA. Compared to negative controls, application of fungicides resulted in significant reductions in the size and diversity of endophytic communities with alterations to their taxonomic composition. While most taxa showed reductions in frequency and abundance across samples, Anthostomella pinea and a Preussia sp. temporarily increased. Thirteen taxa were identified using culturing, compared to 569 by metabarcoding (with 41 taxa accounting for 89.4 % of the total reads). Dothistroma septosporum and the reportedly unculturable Lophodermella conjuncta both contributed significantly to differences observed using metabarcoding but occurred at low levels or were absent, respectively, in the culture-based study. The persistent effects we observed of fungicides on the endophytic fungal community have possible practical implications for management of tree seedlings in the nursery.
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