Pub Date : 2025-11-21DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101473
Johan Asplund , Tone Birkemoe , Håvard Kauserud , Sundy Maurice , Eivind K. Ronold , Jenni Nordén
Dead wood is a vital structural element in boreal forests, supporting diverse fungal and insect communities. Wood-inhabiting fungi, in particular, are influenced by both the volume and characteristics of dead wood. However, forestry practices often reduce dead wood quantity and diversity, impacting these communities. This study investigates how different facets of dead wood functional diversity − richness, evenness, divergence, and dispersion − alongside volume, affect fruiting polyporoid and corticioid fungi in Agaricomycetes. Using a paired design of previously clear-cut and near-natural forests, we assess fungal responses to dead wood traits. Our findings show that near-natural forests host greater fungal species richness due to higher dead wood volume and diversity. A combined measure of volume and functional diversity better predicts fungal richness and composition than either factor alone. Notably, functional divergence and evenness are key indicators of niche variety and distribution. These results emphasize the need to enhance both quantity and structural diversity of dead wood in forest management.
{"title":"Functional diversity of dead wood promotes species-rich communities of fungi","authors":"Johan Asplund , Tone Birkemoe , Håvard Kauserud , Sundy Maurice , Eivind K. Ronold , Jenni Nordén","doi":"10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101473","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101473","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dead wood is a vital structural element in boreal forests, supporting diverse fungal and insect communities. Wood-inhabiting fungi, in particular, are influenced by both the volume and characteristics of dead wood. However, forestry practices often reduce dead wood quantity and diversity, impacting these communities. This study investigates how different facets of dead wood functional diversity − richness, evenness, divergence, and dispersion − alongside volume, affect fruiting polyporoid and corticioid fungi in Agaricomycetes. Using a paired design of previously clear-cut and near-natural forests, we assess fungal responses to dead wood traits. Our findings show that near-natural forests host greater fungal species richness due to higher dead wood volume and diversity. A combined measure of volume and functional diversity better predicts fungal richness and composition than either factor alone. Notably, functional divergence and evenness are key indicators of niche variety and distribution. These results emphasize the need to enhance both quantity and structural diversity of dead wood in forest management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55136,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Ecology","volume":"79 ","pages":"Article 101473"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145571933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-21DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101480
Christopher P. Bivins , A. Carolin Frank
Gall-inducing Cynipid wasps create unique structures on oak leaves, yet their influence on fungal endophyte communities remains unclear. Using eDNA metabarcoding, we characterized fungal communities in ungalled Quercus douglasii leaves, leaves with galls, and the galls themselves. Fungal communities in galled and ungalled leaves were similar, suggesting gall formation does not substantially alter foliar endophytes. However, fungal communities within galls were distinct and species-specific. Urchin galls (Cynips quercusechinus) exhibited reduced fungal diversity and a dominant association with Cephaloascus fragrans, while saucer galls (Feron gigas) maintained greater overlap with leaf communities. These findings suggest that Cynipid galls specific to each wasp species can yield distinct fungal communities. As fungi influence plant health and insect interactions, understanding gall-associated fungal communities provides insight into microbial dynamics in oak ecosystems.
{"title":"Fungal endophyte communities in galled oak leaves: Stability in leaves, divergence in galls","authors":"Christopher P. Bivins , A. Carolin Frank","doi":"10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101480","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101480","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Gall-inducing Cynipid wasps create unique structures on oak leaves, yet their influence on fungal endophyte communities remains unclear. Using eDNA metabarcoding, we characterized fungal communities in ungalled <em>Quercus douglasii</em> leaves, leaves with galls, and the galls themselves. Fungal communities in galled and ungalled leaves were similar, suggesting gall formation does not substantially alter foliar endophytes. However, fungal communities within galls were distinct and species-specific. Urchin galls (<em>Cynips quercusechinus</em>) exhibited reduced fungal diversity and a dominant association with <em>Cephaloascus fragrans</em>, while saucer galls (<em>Feron gigas</em>) maintained greater overlap with leaf communities. These findings suggest that Cynipid galls specific to each wasp species can yield distinct fungal communities. As fungi influence plant health and insect interactions, understanding gall-associated fungal communities provides insight into microbial dynamics in oak ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55136,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Ecology","volume":"79 ","pages":"Article 101480"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145571932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-03DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101471
Abdulhamid Yusuf , Yixing Jiang , Aminu Abdullahi , Min Li , Shuo Duan , Yunzeng Zhang
Soil ecosystems are highly dynamic environments where complex interactions between bacteria and fungi significantly influence biogeochemical processes, plant health, and ecosystem stability. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current understanding of bacterial-fungal interactions (BFIs) in the rhizosphere and bulk soil, focusing on their roles in biocontrol, niche differentiation, and nutrient cycling. We discuss the molecular mechanisms driving these interactions, including signaling molecules, extracellular enzymes, and secondary metabolites, which mediate both competitive and cooperative relationships between bacteria and fungi. The review also highlights the cascading effects of BFIs on carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus cycles, emphasizing the distinct functional roles of bacteria and fungi in decomposition, mineralization, and nutrient mobilization processes. Furthermore, we explore the impact of environmental disturbances, such as climate change, agricultural practices, and pollution, on the stability and functionality of BFIs, highlighting the need for sustainable management strategies. The application of "omics" technologies, including metagenomics, metatranscriptomics, and metabolomics, is discussed as a powerful tool for unraveling the genetic, physiological, and metabolic processes underpinning BFIs. We highlight the potential of harnessing beneficial BFIs for sustainable agriculture, ecosystem restoration, and biotechnological applications. Finally, we identify knowledge gaps and propose future research directions, emphasizing the importance of integrating novel methodological approaches and expanding experimental data to develop models for microbial manipulation and sustainable agricultural practices.
{"title":"Bacterial-fungal interactions in soil ecosystems: From biocontrol and niche partitioning to biogeochemical impacts","authors":"Abdulhamid Yusuf , Yixing Jiang , Aminu Abdullahi , Min Li , Shuo Duan , Yunzeng Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101471","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101471","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soil ecosystems are highly dynamic environments where complex interactions between bacteria and fungi significantly influence biogeochemical processes, plant health, and ecosystem stability. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current understanding of bacterial-fungal interactions (BFIs) in the rhizosphere and bulk soil, focusing on their roles in biocontrol, niche differentiation, and nutrient cycling. We discuss the molecular mechanisms driving these interactions, including signaling molecules, extracellular enzymes, and secondary metabolites, which mediate both competitive and cooperative relationships between bacteria and fungi. The review also highlights the cascading effects of BFIs on carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus cycles, emphasizing the distinct functional roles of bacteria and fungi in decomposition, mineralization, and nutrient mobilization processes. Furthermore, we explore the impact of environmental disturbances, such as climate change, agricultural practices, and pollution, on the stability and functionality of BFIs, highlighting the need for sustainable management strategies. The application of \"omics\" technologies, including metagenomics, metatranscriptomics, and metabolomics, is discussed as a powerful tool for unraveling the genetic, physiological, and metabolic processes underpinning BFIs. We highlight the potential of harnessing beneficial BFIs for sustainable agriculture, ecosystem restoration, and biotechnological applications. Finally, we identify knowledge gaps and propose future research directions, emphasizing the importance of integrating novel methodological approaches and expanding experimental data to develop models for microbial manipulation and sustainable agricultural practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55136,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Ecology","volume":"78 ","pages":"Article 101471"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145223187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101461
Ruben E. Roos , Kristel van Zuijlen , Tone Birkemoe , Stef Bokhorst , Johan Asplund
Mat-forming lichens are important components of tundra and alpine vegetation, and affect soil microclimatic conditions, which in turn may influence micro-arthropod communities. Here, we compare the density of Collembola and Oribatida within lichen mats and their abundance in the underlying soil across four different mat-forming lichens at Finse, southern Norway. The lichen mats consisted of Alectoria ochroleuca, Cetraria islandica, Cladonia rangiferina/stygia, or Flavocetraria nivalis. We hypothesized that lichens with high water holding capacity (WHC) create a cool and stable microclimate with few freeze-thaw cycles which sustains a high micro-arthropod density in lichen and abundance in soil. We further test how lichen monocultures affect soil element availability. The abundance of micro-arthropods differed among lichen species. Cladonia rangiferina/stygia supported the highest Collembola density, and lichens with high WHC supported higher densities, and relatively more Collembola in the lichen than the soil underneath. Oribatida were less responsive than Collembola but increased in lichen mats relative to soil with increasing WHC. Lichen mat density, soil temperature and freeze-thaw cycles did not correlate to micro-arthropod abundance. Element availability was higher in bare soil compared to soil covered with lichens driven by differences in temperature and freeze-thaw cycles, which possibly affect microbial activity. Lichen cover in boreal and tundra ecosystems is expected to decrease due to environmental change, which may significantly impact micro-arthropod communities in lichen-dominated vegetation.
{"title":"Mat-forming lichens support contrasting micro-arthropod density","authors":"Ruben E. Roos , Kristel van Zuijlen , Tone Birkemoe , Stef Bokhorst , Johan Asplund","doi":"10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101461","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101461","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mat-forming lichens are important components of tundra and alpine vegetation, and affect soil microclimatic conditions, which in turn may influence micro-arthropod communities. Here, we compare the density of Collembola and Oribatida within lichen mats and their abundance in the underlying soil across four different mat-forming lichens at Finse, southern Norway. The lichen mats consisted of <em>Alectoria ochroleuca</em>, <em>Cetraria islandica</em>, <em>Cladonia rangiferina</em>/<em>stygia</em>, or <em>Flavocetraria nivalis</em>. We hypothesized that lichens with high water holding capacity (WHC) create a cool and stable microclimate with few freeze-thaw cycles which sustains a high micro-arthropod density in lichen and abundance in soil. We further test how lichen monocultures affect soil element availability. The abundance of micro-arthropods differed among lichen species. <em>Cladonia rangiferina</em>/<em>stygia</em> supported the highest Collembola density, and lichens with high WHC supported higher densities, and relatively more Collembola in the lichen than the soil underneath. Oribatida were less responsive than Collembola but increased in lichen mats relative to soil with increasing WHC. Lichen mat density, soil temperature and freeze-thaw cycles did not correlate to micro-arthropod abundance. Element availability was higher in bare soil compared to soil covered with lichens driven by differences in temperature and freeze-thaw cycles, which possibly affect microbial activity. Lichen cover in boreal and tundra ecosystems is expected to decrease due to environmental change, which may significantly impact micro-arthropod communities in lichen-dominated vegetation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55136,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Ecology","volume":"78 ","pages":"Article 101461"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145222453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-30DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101460
Joanna Gauthier , Frances R. Pick , Rebecca E. Garner , Hans-Peter Grossart , David A. Walsh
Aquatic fungi play key roles in organic matter decomposition and nutrient cycling, but the effects of lake conditions and food web interactions on fungal diversity are still largely unknown. Our study is the first to assess mycoplankton along a broad lake trophic gradient based on total phosphorus (TP) (2-2500 μg/L) using DNA metabarcoding data from 369 Canadian lakes. Zoosporic fungi, Chytridiomycota in particular, dominated mycoplankton assemblages. Mycoplankton diversity declined ∼15 % along the trophic gradient. Community composition varied the most between oligotrophic and hypereutrophic lakes, with pH, TP and water temperature as main drivers. Notably, mycoplankton communities showed stronger correlations with eukaryotic phytoplankton than with physicochemical variables, underlining the importance of phytoplankton hosts and substrates. Chytrid taxa associated with Chrysophyta in acidic lakes differed from those associated with Chlorophyta and Cryptophyta in lakes within agricultural lands. Overall, our study highlights the essential role of phytoplankton in shaping mycoplankton diversity and communities.
{"title":"Trophic state and phytoplankton composition shape lake mycoplankton diversity","authors":"Joanna Gauthier , Frances R. Pick , Rebecca E. Garner , Hans-Peter Grossart , David A. Walsh","doi":"10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101460","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101460","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aquatic fungi play key roles in organic matter decomposition and nutrient cycling, but the effects of lake conditions and food web interactions on fungal diversity are still largely unknown. Our study is the first to assess mycoplankton along a broad lake trophic gradient based on total phosphorus (TP) (2-2500 μg/L) using DNA metabarcoding data from 369 Canadian lakes. Zoosporic fungi, Chytridiomycota in particular, dominated mycoplankton assemblages. Mycoplankton diversity declined ∼15 % along the trophic gradient. Community composition varied the most between oligotrophic and hypereutrophic lakes, with pH, TP and water temperature as main drivers. Notably, mycoplankton communities showed stronger correlations with eukaryotic phytoplankton than with physicochemical variables, underlining the importance of phytoplankton hosts and substrates. Chytrid taxa associated with Chrysophyta in acidic lakes differed from those associated with Chlorophyta and Cryptophyta in lakes within agricultural lands. Overall, our study highlights the essential role of phytoplankton in shaping mycoplankton diversity and communities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55136,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Ecology","volume":"78 ","pages":"Article 101460"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145222452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-29DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101462
Meike Piepenbring , Anna-Katharina Krauss , Hannah Rathke , Markus Scholler , José G. Macia Vicente
Rust fungi develop up to five spore generations that often infect host plants of two different families in one life cycle. We investigated the phenology of spore generations over winter by monitoring rust infections over ten years in urban, wild vegetation in Western Germany. We obtained 1177 records of plants infected by 33 species of rust fungi. We observed basidia (mostly inferred from empty teliospores), spermogonia, and aecia mostly during spring, maximum development of urediniospores during summer and of telia in autumn and winter. Surprisingly, during winter months with mild temperatures, newly developed urediniospores on perennial hosts were frequently found, sometimes showing massive growth. Other spore generations also sporadically occurred at unusual times of the year. By their high number and diversity of spore generations as well as great phenological flexibility, rust fungi probably easily adapt to changing weather conditions.
{"title":"Phenology of rust fungi (Pucciniales) during mild winters – high temporal flexibility of spore generations","authors":"Meike Piepenbring , Anna-Katharina Krauss , Hannah Rathke , Markus Scholler , José G. Macia Vicente","doi":"10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101462","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101462","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rust fungi develop up to five spore generations that often infect host plants of two different families in one life cycle. We investigated the phenology of spore generations over winter by monitoring rust infections over ten years in urban, wild vegetation in Western Germany. We obtained 1177 records of plants infected by 33 species of rust fungi. We observed basidia (mostly inferred from empty teliospores), spermogonia, and aecia mostly during spring, maximum development of urediniospores during summer and of telia in autumn and winter. Surprisingly, during winter months with mild temperatures, newly developed urediniospores on perennial hosts were frequently found, sometimes showing massive growth. Other spore generations also sporadically occurred at unusual times of the year. By their high number and diversity of spore generations as well as great phenological flexibility, rust fungi probably easily adapt to changing weather conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55136,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Ecology","volume":"78 ","pages":"Article 101462"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145223188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-24DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101458
Anders Dahlberg , Silvia Pioli , Mari Jönsson , Florian Barbi , Göran Thor , Veera Tuovinen Nogerius
Fungal ecologists have long been intrigued by the mechanisms behind the high fungal species richness in dead wood at small and large spatial scales. We identified processes resulting in fine-scale fungal community patterns with a network analysis based on a detailed metabarcode mapping of fungi in and on the surfaces of eight naturally fallen Norway spruce logs in northern Sweden. Our results show that (1) dominant species and communities of fungi vary significantly among the logs, (2) wood inside and on log surfaces has distinct and diverse fungal compositions and (3) consistent co-occurrences of fungi in wood are rare. These patterns suggest priority effects favouring primary colonizing species are important for determining which becomes the dominant species, and that colonization of the rest of the community and fungal co-occurrences are largely shaped by stochastic processes. Furthermore, lichen-forming fungi were detected without their photobionts in wood, indicating possible free-living stages.
{"title":"Detailed analysis of fungal communities in Norway spruce logs reveals stochastic fine-scale patterns of species and detects lichen forming fungi without their photobionts","authors":"Anders Dahlberg , Silvia Pioli , Mari Jönsson , Florian Barbi , Göran Thor , Veera Tuovinen Nogerius","doi":"10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101458","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101458","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fungal ecologists have long been intrigued by the mechanisms behind the high fungal species richness in dead wood at small and large spatial scales. We identified processes resulting in fine-scale fungal community patterns with a network analysis based on a detailed metabarcode mapping of fungi in and on the surfaces of eight naturally fallen Norway spruce logs in northern Sweden. Our results show that (1) dominant species and communities of fungi vary significantly among the logs, (2) wood inside and on log surfaces has distinct and diverse fungal compositions and (3) consistent co-occurrences of fungi in wood are rare. These patterns suggest priority effects favouring primary colonizing species are important for determining which becomes the dominant species, and that colonization of the rest of the community and fungal co-occurrences are largely shaped by stochastic processes. Furthermore, lichen-forming fungi were detected without their photobionts in wood, indicating possible free-living stages.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55136,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Ecology","volume":"78 ","pages":"Article 101458"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145160173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chytridiomycota (chytrids) include a wide range of taxa with diverse trophic strategies, ranging from obligate parasites to saprotrophs. However, their taxonomic and functional diversity, particularly among those attached to phytoplankton, is often overlooked in field surveys given their morphological similarity. In this study, we examined the relationships between two large desmids (Micrasterias hardyi and Staurastrum dorsidentiferum) and associated chytrids in Lake Biwa. The analysis of spatiotemporal distribution revealed contrasting effects: S. dorsidentiferum's population dynamics were significantly influenced by chytrids, whereas M. hardyi remained unaffected. Single-spore DNA analysis identified both parasitic and saprotrophic chytrids on S. dorsidentiferum, but only saprotrophic chytrids on M. hardyi. Our findings indicate that chytrids attached to phytoplankton show taxonomic and functional diversity and do not always control host population dynamics. However, considering the feeding mode and substrate specificity of chytrids is important for elucidating their impact on phytoplankton dynamics and material flows in lakes.
{"title":"Contrasting effects of chytrids on two large desmids in Lake Biwa","authors":"Maiko Kagami , Tatsuro Hashizume , Kensuke Seto , Takeshi Miki , Duangmany Phongsa , Taisuke Ohtsuka , Shuhei Ban","doi":"10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101459","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101459","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chytridiomycota (chytrids) include a wide range of taxa with diverse trophic strategies, ranging from obligate parasites to saprotrophs. However, their taxonomic and functional diversity, particularly among those attached to phytoplankton, is often overlooked in field surveys given their morphological similarity. In this study, we examined the relationships between two large desmids (<em>Micrasterias hardyi</em> and <em>Staurastrum dorsidentiferum</em>) and associated chytrids in Lake Biwa. The analysis of spatiotemporal distribution revealed contrasting effects: <em>S. dorsidentiferum</em>'s population dynamics were significantly influenced by chytrids, whereas <em>M. hardyi</em> remained unaffected. Single-spore DNA analysis identified both parasitic and saprotrophic chytrids on <em>S. dorsidentiferum</em>, but only saprotrophic chytrids on <em>M. hardyi</em>. Our findings indicate that chytrids attached to phytoplankton show taxonomic and functional diversity and do not always control host population dynamics. However, considering the feeding mode and substrate specificity of chytrids is important for elucidating their impact on phytoplankton dynamics and material flows in lakes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55136,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Ecology","volume":"78 ","pages":"Article 101459"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145108651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-15DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101455
Simone Lupini , Lúrima Uane Soares Faria , Claudio Augusto Oller do Nascimento , Debora F. Rodrigues
Fungi and bacteria form complex associations in soil environments, which can impact their symbiotic relationships. While previous studies have examined either endohyphal bacteria or hyphosphere-associated bacterial community interactions with fungi independently, a critical knowledge gap remains related to how hyphosphere-associated bacteria modulate the endohyphal bacterial communities and fungal responses. This study investigated the impact of hyphosphere-associated bacteria co-culture with three Fusarium isolates containing natural endohyphal bacteria (composed primarily of Cutibacterium, Acinetobacter, Pelomonas, Achromobacter, Citrobacter, and other less abundant species) and their antibiotic-treated counterparts with reduced endohyphal bacterial communities. The study determined the changes in fungal growth and microbiome composition when co-cultured with individual or a bacterial mix of four rhizosphere bacterial isolates (Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Stenotrophomonas, and Rhizobium). Results showed that endohyphal bacteria modulated fungal responses to hyphosphere-associated bacteria co-culture, with wild-type fungi typically exhibiting lower growth inhibition than their counterparts with reduced diversity and quantity of endohyphal bacteria. However, when the fungi were exposed to a synthetic hyphosphere-associated bacterial mix, all fungal isolates stimulated the endohyphal bacterial community leading to higher endohyphal bacterial diversity compared to single-species hyphosphere-associated bacterial treatments. These findings highlight the importance of considering complex interactions within the fungal microbiome, demonstrating that endohyphal bacteria respond dynamically to the composition of hyphosphere-associated bacterial communities. Our results also provide new insights into how the interplay between endohyphal and hyphosphere-associated bacterial communities shape fungal biology in soil environments.
{"title":"Endohyphal bacterial communities modulate fungal responses to hyphosphere-associated bacteria in Fusarium","authors":"Simone Lupini , Lúrima Uane Soares Faria , Claudio Augusto Oller do Nascimento , Debora F. Rodrigues","doi":"10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101455","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101455","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fungi and bacteria form complex associations in soil environments, which can impact their symbiotic relationships. While previous studies have examined either endohyphal bacteria or hyphosphere-associated bacterial community interactions with fungi independently, a critical knowledge gap remains related to how hyphosphere-associated bacteria modulate the endohyphal bacterial communities and fungal responses. This study investigated the impact of hyphosphere-associated bacteria co-culture with three <em>Fusarium</em> isolates containing natural endohyphal bacteria (composed primarily of <em>Cutibacterium</em>, <em>Acinetobacter</em>, <em>Pelomonas</em>, <em>Achromobacter</em>, <em>Citrobacter,</em> and other less abundant species) and their antibiotic-treated counterparts with reduced endohyphal bacterial communities. The study determined the changes in fungal growth and microbiome composition when co-cultured with individual or a bacterial mix of four rhizosphere bacterial isolates (<em>Pseudomonas</em>, <em>Bacillus</em>, <em>Stenotrophomonas</em>, and <em>Rhizobium</em>). Results showed that endohyphal bacteria modulated fungal responses to hyphosphere-associated bacteria co-culture, with wild-type fungi typically exhibiting lower growth inhibition than their counterparts with reduced diversity and quantity of endohyphal bacteria. However, when the fungi were exposed to a synthetic hyphosphere-associated bacterial mix, all fungal isolates stimulated the endohyphal bacterial community leading to higher endohyphal bacterial diversity compared to single-species hyphosphere-associated bacterial treatments. These findings highlight the importance of considering complex interactions within the fungal microbiome, demonstrating that endohyphal bacteria respond dynamically to the composition of hyphosphere-associated bacterial communities. Our results also provide new insights into how the interplay between endohyphal and hyphosphere-associated bacterial communities shape fungal biology in soil environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55136,"journal":{"name":"Fungal Ecology","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 101455"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144841158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-15DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2025.101456
Barrett B. Houchen , Gregory R. Houseman , Olivia S. Schouten
Understanding the link between spatial patterns of soil-borne fungal plant pathogens (SFPP) and environmental conditions is an important first step to understanding how these organisms impact both agricultural and untilled systems. However, the vast majority of SFPP spatial patterns studies have occurred in agricultural systems and relied on basic statistical measures of variance. Recent statistical advancements in spatial analysis combined with resampling strategies allow increased insight into spatial patterns but require robust sampling designs. Here, we begin to address this knowledge gap for Macrophomina phaseolina by quantifying its spatial pattern at multiple spatial scales in an untilled grassland system in Riley County, Kansas, U.S.A, and relate these patterns to soil and plant variables. Using microsclerotia density as a measure of M. phaseolina abundance, we found considerable spatial variability in untilled soil, even at a scale much finer than historically sampled for M. phaseolina scales (7 cm). We utilized point pattern analysis to examine how densities are arranged in space, and we found no evidence of spatial aggregation. Rather, M. phaseolina density was randomly distributed and did not strongly associate with any measured soil or plant variables. Our findings contrast with previous work detecting aggregation of M. phaseolina likely due to our use of more robust, spatially explicit statistics that examine multiple scales as well as the ecological dichotomy between untilled grassland systems and row-crop agricultural systems. Additionally, the fact that high spatial variation of M. phaseolina over small scales was poorly explained by plant or soil variables suggests that a better understanding of temporal variation can aid in identifying factors that most influence M. phaseolina abundance.
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