Evolution and Human Behavior最新文献

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The quest for scientific objectivity: comment on Luke Glowacki's (2024) “The controversial origins of war and peace: Apes, foragers, and human evolution”

IF 3 1区心理学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Evolution and Human Behavior

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2024.106650

Douglas P. Fry

引用次数: 0

Pumping the Brakes on Psychosocial Acceleration Theory: Revisiting its Underlying Assumptions

IF 3 1区心理学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Evolution and Human Behavior

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2025.106657

Anthony A. Volk

Psychosocial Acceleration Theory (PAT) is a popular evolutionary psychology theory that applies the biological concept of life history theory to understanding individual differences in human behavior and development. PAT argues that during a critical period in early childhood, exposure to harsh and/or unpredictable conditions leads individuals to accelerate their pubertal maturation and engage in more mating effort alongside less parental (and potentially somatic) investment (and vice versa in response to benign or predictable cues.) A large body of literature has found small, but significant, empirical effects in support of these patterns. However, a separate body of research has increasingly revealed a number of significant challenges to the underlying assumptions of PAT. The goal of my paper was to therefore review PAT’s assumptions and any challenges to those assumptions. My review shows that all of PAT’s underlying assumptions have at least modest challenges to their validity, with the majority of those assumptions facing more severe challenges to their validity. I therefore suggest that future research on PAT should focus on addressing these potential challenges to the theory so as to offer a stronger theoretical framework with which to explain current empirical data about human life histories.

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引用次数: 0

Corrigendum to “Genetic markers of cousin marriage and honour cultures” [Evolution & Human Behaviour (2024) Volume 45, Issue 6, 106,636].

IF 3 1区心理学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Evolution and Human Behavior

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2024.106637

Olympia L.K. Campbell , Cecilia Padilla-Iglesias , Grégory Fiorio , Ruth Mace

引用次数: 0

Is mate-choice copying a female phenomenon?

IF 3 1区心理学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Evolution and Human Behavior

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2025.106653

Robert Ian Bowers, Verda Pınar, Selime Selay Sarıyıldız, Duru Parlak

Mate-choice copying is where the probability of being chosen as a mate increases when there is evidence that others have already chosen that mate. Previous studies have shown that humans of both sexes are subject to such effects. This study asks whether the sexes differ in the extent that they are so affected, raising several considerations that push expectations in either direction. University students (N = 243) rated profile cards about real daters obtained from a prior speed dating event. Profiles included positive, negative or mixed mate choice information about the daters. Both males and females changed their ratings in the direction of others' choices, and to comparable extents. These ratings changes correlated with neither rejection sensitivity nor attachment style scale scores. The present results challenge theories that lead to the expectation that human females will rely more heavily than males on social mate-choice heuristics, and loan credence to several factors that motivate expectation of no sex difference in mate-choice copying.

引用次数: 0

Men's but not women's risk proneness in early adulthood is associated with lifetime reproductive success: evidence for sexual selection in modern environments

IF 3 1区心理学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Evolution and Human Behavior

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2025.106654

Ryotaro Sakamoto, Yohsuke Ohtsubo

Two studies were conducted in Japan (Study 1) and the US (Study 2) to test whether sexual selection acts on risk proneness in modern environments. Participants aged 45 to 55 years (total N = 2887) reported their risk proneness in early adulthood (20s to 30s) and the number of children they had. In both studies, the number of children was significantly correlated with risk proneness in early adulthood only among men. Although men's correlation was weak (smaller than 0.15), women's correlation was virtually zero in both countries. More importantly, the correlation was significantly stronger for men than for women. These results suggest that sexual selection still acts on men's risk proneness in modern environments (in this case, contemporary Japan and the US), whereas women's risk proneness is not under selection in either country.

引用次数: 0

Trustworthiness: an adaptationist account

IF 3 1区心理学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Evolution and Human Behavior

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2024.106648

Laureon A. Merrie , Jaimie Arona Krems , Daniel Sznycer , Nina N. Rodriguez

The concept of trustworthiness plays a role in the formation, maintenance, and dissolution of friendships, marriages, and cooperative relationships from small to large scales. Here, we analyze trustworthiness under the assumption that such concepts evolved to guide action adaptively. Intuition and research suggest that actors trust targets who have not engaged in betrayals. However, this perspective fails to capture certain real-world behaviors (e.g., when two people cheating on their spouses enter a relationship with each other and expect mutual fidelity). Evolutionary task analysis suggests that trustworthiness is structured to help actors address challenges of extending trust, where actors may gain or lose from doing so. In six experiments with American adults (N = 1718), we test the hypothesis that trustworthiness tracks not only (i) whether targets refrain from betraying trust when given opportunities, but also (ii) the impact of betrayal on the actor. Data generally support this hypothesis across relationships (friendships, romantic, professional): Actors deem non-betrayers more trustworthy than betrayers, but also deem betrayers more trustworthy when betrayals benefit actors. Trustworthiness may incline actors to trust to those who refrain from betraying others—a potent signal of reluctance to betray oneself—while also favoring those who betray others if it serves oneself.

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引用次数: 0

An evolutionary perspective on homosexuality: Testing the sexually antagonistic genes hypothesis through familial fertility analysis

IF 3 1区心理学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Evolution and Human Behavior

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2024.106649

Jakub Fořt , Jaroslava Varella Valentova , Kateřina Hudáčová , Benjamin Kunc , Jan Havlíček

There is robust evidence to the effect that homosexual individuals have systematically less offspring. The sexually antagonistic genes hypothesis claims that this fitness-related disadvantage of homosexual individuals is compensated by their other-sex relatives exhibiting greater fertility than the relatives of straight individuals. It would allow explain how genetic variants associated with homosexuality persist in the human population. Nevertheless, previous studies yielded conflicting results and, moreover, they focused almost solely on the fertility of gay men's relatives. We present the results of a large preregistered study based on data on fertility of both gay men's and lesbian women's relatives. We have analyzed the fertility and biological kin fertility of 693 gay men, 843 straight men, 265 lesbian women, and 331 straight women from Czechia and Slovakia. As expected, gay men and lesbian women sired significantly less offspring than straight individuals. However, we also found no evidence supporting the sexually antagonistic genes hypothesis, i.e., no difference between the fertility of other-sex relatives of homosexual and heterosexual individuals. Interestingly, though, paternal grandparents of gay men had more offspring than the paternal grandparents of straight men did. The mothers of lesbian women had a higher fertility than the mothers of straight women, but that could be attributed to intervening effects, such as the excess of older brothers in homosexual individuals. Our results suggest that mechanisms other than those predicted by the sexually antagonistic genes hypothesis are involved in the evolution of human homosexual orientation.

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引用次数: 0

Strength, mating success, and immune and nutritional costs in a population sample of US women and men: A registered report

IF 3 1区心理学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Evolution and Human Behavior

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2024.106647

Caroline B. Smith, Edward H. Hagen

Theory and evidence suggest that the mating benefits of muscle mass in human males trade off with costs of increased energy intake and decreased measures of innate immunity, likely due to an evolutionary history of sexual selection. Lassek and Gaulin (2009) demonstrated a positive association between male fat-free mass and limb muscle volume and mating success but did not investigate women. It is therefore unknown if females experience a similar tradeoff. Using data from the 2013–2014 phase of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), a large nationally representative sample of US adults (N = 4316), we tested the prediction from the sexual selection hypothesis that the association of upper-body strength, proxied by grip strength, with mating success is significantly positive for males and significantly less so for females. We found a main effect of strength on mating success proxied by lifetime number of sexual partners and current partnered status, but not past-year number of sexual partners or age at first intercourse. We found consistent evidence for a grip strength X sex interaction on partnered status, such that strength was significantly more important for male partnered status than female (but no significant interaction for lifetime sexual partners). We also tested for tradeoffs of upper-body strength with immune and dietary intake and found a positive relationship between grip strength and protein and energy intake, but no significant relationship between grip strength and innate immune function. Our results suggest that sexually dimorphic upper-body strength might have evolved, in part, by increasing male long-term mating success.

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引用次数: 0

I will hold a weapon if you hold one: Experiments of preemptive strike game with possession option 如果你持有武器，我也会持有武器：带有占有选项的先发制人游戏实验

IF 3 1区心理学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Evolution and Human Behavior

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2024.106635

Hiroki Ozono , Daisuke Nakama

Force possession in an inter-personal or inter-group context has been a familiar issue in human evolution and continues to be important today. The puzzle around force possession is that it may result in escalation of force and increase the risk of being attacked even if the force possession is originally intended for self-defense. However, there are few relevant empirical studies. This study examined the determinants of force possession by developing the preemptive strike game to include a possession option. In this game, each player (who is matched with one opponent) decides whether to possess an attack button and, if they possess, they can decide whether to push the button (attack the opponent). If neither the player nor the opponent attack, nothing happens, but if a player attacks first, the player loses a small amount of resources, but the one who is attacked loses significant resources. In this situation, possessing the button raise the potential risk of being attacked due to fear. In Study 1, 182 participants (online crowd workers) played the game, and the results showed the tendency to seek a balance of forces, that is, the higher the opponent's expected probability of possession, the more likely participants were to decide to possess. However, the opponent's probability of possession was the measured expectations by the participants. To clarify the causality, in Study 2 with 131 participants (online crowd workers), we experimentally manipulated the probability of the opponent's possession, and confirmed the same tendency. We discuss the implications and the limitations.

在人类进化过程中，人与人之间或群体与群体之间的武力拥有一直是一个耳熟能详的问题，时至今日仍然十分重要。围绕武力占有的难题是，即使武力占有的初衷是为了自卫，它也可能导致武力升级，增加被攻击的风险。然而，相关的实证研究却很少。本研究通过开发先发制人游戏，加入武力拥有选项，对武力拥有的决定因素进行了研究。在这个游戏中，每个玩家（与一个对手配对）决定是否拥有一个攻击按钮，如果拥有，则可以决定是否按下按钮（攻击对手）。如果玩家和对手都不攻击，则不会发生任何事情，但如果玩家先攻击，则玩家会损失少量资源，而被攻击的一方则会损失大量资源。在这种情况下，由于恐惧，拥有按钮会提高被攻击的潜在风险。在研究 1 中，182 名参与者（在线人群工作者）进行了游戏，结果显示了寻求力量平衡的倾向，即对手占有的预期概率越高，参与者越有可能决定占有。然而，对手的控球概率是参与者测量的期望值。为了澄清因果关系，在研究 2 中，我们以 131 名参与者（在线人群工作者）为对象，通过实验操纵了对手的占有概率，结果证实了同样的趋势。我们讨论了研究的意义和局限性。

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引用次数: 0

Genetic markers of cousin marriage and honour cultures 表亲婚姻和荣誉文化的遗传标记

IF 3 1区心理学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Evolution and Human Behavior

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2024.106636

Olympia L.K. Campbell , Cecilia Padilla-Iglesias , Grégory Fiorio , Ruth Mace

Honour cultures, characterized by violent responses to perceived threats to personal or family honour, are widespread. Honour killings, one of the manifestations of honour cultures, claims the lives of thousands of women each year, often at the hands of close relatives, representing not only a social problem but also an evolutionary puzzle. They typically follow accusations of sexual impropriety and are the most extreme manifestation of a range of punishments that control the sexual and marital choices of women. The origins of such practises remain unclear, though honour cultures frequently occur where cousin marriage is common. We propose that cousin marriage offers kin benefits through wealth consolidation yet may also generate parent-offspring conflict over marriage choices. In response, norms and punitive measures, including aspects of honour codes, may have evolved to enforce cousin marriage. To test this, we use the average genomic inbreeding coefficient of an ethnic group, as a measure of the historical practice of cousin marriage, to show that this is associated with the likelihood of endorsing honour killings across 52 ethnic groups. We interpret our findings within the context of parent-offspring conflict over consanguineous marriage and we contribute to the growing body of research exploring the relationship between intensive kinship and cultural traits.

名誉文化的特点是对个人或家庭名誉受到的威胁做出暴力反应，这种文化非常普遍。名誉杀人是名誉文化的表现形式之一，每年有成千上万的妇女因此丧生，而且往往是死于近亲之手，这不仅是一个社会问题，也是一个进化难题。这种做法通常是在被指控性行为不端之后发生的，是控制妇女性选择和婚姻选择的一系列惩罚措施中最极端的表现形式。尽管在表兄妹婚姻盛行的地方经常出现荣誉文化，但这种习俗的起源仍不清楚。我们认为，表亲婚姻通过巩固财富为亲属带来利益，但也可能因婚姻选择而引发父母与后代之间的冲突。作为回应，规范和惩罚措施（包括荣誉法典的某些方面）可能已经演变为强制表亲婚姻。为了验证这一点，我们使用一个族群的平均基因组近亲繁殖系数来衡量历史上的表亲婚姻习俗，结果表明，在 52 个族群中，近亲繁殖系数与认可名誉杀人的可能性相关。我们在近亲结婚引发的父母与后代冲突的背景下解释了我们的研究结果，并为探索密集亲缘关系与文化特征之间关系的越来越多的研究做出了贡献。

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Evolution and Human Behavior

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