Computers and Geotechnics最新文献_第9页

Coupled vibratory roller and layered unsaturated subgrade model for intelligent compaction 用于智能压实的振动压路机和分层非饱和路基耦合模型

IF 5.3 1区工程技术 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS

Computers and Geotechnics

Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.compgeo.2024.106827

Chuxuan Tang , Zheng Lu , Lang Qin , Tingzhou Yan , Jian Li , Yang Zhao , Yu Qiu

To provide theoretical guidance for intelligent compaction, this study proposes an efficient analytical model that considers the coupled dynamic interaction between a vibratory roller and a layered subgrade. The vibratory roller is simulated using a lumped parameter model, while the subgrade is characterized as a layered unsaturated poroelastic medium. The governing equations are solved using the double Fourier transform to derive the steady-state solution of this fully coupled model. The correctness of the proposed model is verified by comparing it with published analytical results and field test results. Results indicate that the vertical acceleration response of the roller drum is sensitive to variations in subgrade modulus. However, when evaluating the modulus of the current filling layer, it is crucial to consider the effects of the underlying layer on the acceleration response of the roller drum, especially when the existing subgrade thickness is less than 2 m. The influence of excitation frequency on the sensitivity of vertical acceleration response is found to be significant. For subgrade quality assessment with existing subgrade thickness less than 2 m, a low-frequency excitation load is recommended to maximize sensitivity, while both low and high excitation frequencies can be employed for thicker existing subgrades.

为了给智能压实提供理论指导，本研究提出了一种高效的分析模型，该模型考虑了振动压路机与分层基层之间的耦合动态相互作用。振动压路机采用集合参数模型进行模拟，而基层则被描述为分层非饱和孔弹性介质。利用双傅立叶变换求解了控制方程，从而得出了这一完全耦合模型的稳态解。通过与已公布的分析结果和现场测试结果进行比较，验证了所提模型的正确性。结果表明，压路机滚筒的垂直加速度响应对基层模量的变化非常敏感。然而，在评估当前填充层的模量时，必须考虑下层对压路机滚筒加速度响应的影响，尤其是当现有基层厚度小于 2 米时。对于现有基层厚度小于 2 米的基层质量评估，建议采用低频激振载荷，以最大限度地提高灵敏度；而对于较厚的现有基层，可同时采用低频和高频激振载荷。

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引用次数: 0

A unified soil reaction model for laterally loaded monopiles in soft and stiff clays 软粘土和硬粘土中横向加载单桩的统一土壤反力模型

IF 5.3 1区工程技术 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS

Computers and Geotechnics

Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.compgeo.2024.106819

Xiuyang Zhang , Degao Zou , Jingmao Liu , Kai Chen , Fanwei Ning , Tianju Wang

To develop a unified soil reaction model suitable for laterally loaded monopiles in soft and stiff clays, this paper employs an experimentally validated numerical method to analyze the influence of diameter, embedded length (L), and clay types (soft or stiff) on the soil reaction model, proposing a unified model based on hyperbolic soil reaction curve. This model fully considers the contributions of distributed lateral load, base moment, base shear force, and distributed moment to the lateral resistance. The results of the analysis indicate that the ultimate normalized lateral soil resistance (

{\bar{p}}_{u}

) of soft and stiff clays in the wedge flow zone increases with depth, reaching a peak in the full flow zone with the peak points located around 0.5 L. The maximum of

{\bar{p}}_{u}

between soft and stiff clays is positively correlated with the ratio of effective vertical stress to undrained shear strength (

σ_{v}^{'} / s_{u}

) at the current depth. The ultimate base shear force and base moment for monopiles in soft and stiff clays can also be represented by

σ_{v}^{'} / s_{u}

at the base. Through rigorous validation with centrifuge and field tests, the unified soil reaction model proposed in this paper can accurately predict the response of monopiles in soft and stiff clays.

为了建立适用于软粘土和硬粘土中横向加载单桩的统一土体反力模型，本文采用了一种经过实验验证的数值方法，分析了直径、嵌入长度（L）和粘土类型（软或硬）对土体反力模型的影响，提出了一种基于双曲土体反力曲线的统一模型。该模型充分考虑了分布侧向荷载、基底弯矩、基底剪力和分布弯矩对侧向阻力的贡献。分析结果表明，楔流区软粘土和硬粘土的极限归一化侧向阻力（p¯u）随深度增加而增加，在全流区达到峰值，峰值点位于 0.5 L 左右。软粘土和硬粘土中单桩的极限基底剪力和基底弯矩也可以用基底的 σv′/su 表示。通过离心机和现场试验的严格验证，本文提出的统一土体反应模型可以准确预测单桩在软粘土和硬粘土中的反应。

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引用次数: 0

Compaction quality assessment of road subgrades using explainable deep graph learning framework 利用可解释深度图学习框架评估路基压实质量

IF 5.3 1区工程技术 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS

Computers and Geotechnics

Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.compgeo.2024.106795

Feng Jia, Jie Zhang, Jianjun Shen, Liangfan Wu, Sinuo Ma

Compaction-quality assessment based on machine learning is an attractive topic in road construction research. However, existing methods do not consider the structural information of data when predicting the compaction degree. Thus, an explainable deep graph learning framework is proposed for the intelligent compaction quality assessment of road subgrades. In this method, a multi-domain analysis is first used to extract different indicators from the vibration signals of a vibratory roller. Second, the indicators for the different sampling points are constructed as graph structure data. Finally, an alternating graph-regularized regression network (AGRN) is developed to learn features from the graph data and aggregate the features using a regressor to predict the compaction degree. Through experimental verification, the proposed method displays an improved generalization ability and a high prediction accuracy when compared with other methods. Moreover, Shapley additive explanations (SHAP) are introduced to measure the marginal contributions of indicators for predicting the compaction degree in compaction quality assessments.

基于机器学习的压实质量评估是道路建设研究中一个极具吸引力的课题。然而，现有方法在预测压实度时并未考虑数据的结构信息。因此，本文提出了一种可解释的深度图学习框架，用于智能评估路基压实质量。在该方法中，首先使用多域分析法从振动压路机的振动信号中提取不同的指标。其次，将不同采样点的指标构建为图结构数据。最后，开发交替图正则化回归网络（AGRN），从图数据中学习特征，并使用回归器汇总特征，预测压实度。通过实验验证，与其他方法相比，所提出的方法显示出更强的泛化能力和更高的预测精度。此外，在压实质量评估中，引入了夏普利加法解释（SHAP）来衡量预测压实度指标的边际贡献。

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引用次数: 0

Spatially mixed implicit–explicit schemes in hydro-mechanically coupled soil dynamics 水力机械耦合土壤动力学中的空间混合隐式-显式方案

IF 5.3 1区工程技术 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS

Computers and Geotechnics

Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.compgeo.2024.106811

Patrick Staubach , Jan Machaček

Mixed implicit–explicit (IMEX) schemes combine elements of both implicit and explicit time integration methods. This allows to efficiently handle boundary value problems with severe differences in stiffness, such as often encountered in soil dynamics. A spatially mixed IMEX scheme, in which different parts of the computational domain may be treated implicitly or explicitly depending on their behaviour, is discussed in this work. Domain decomposition by means of a mortar contact discretisation is used for this purpose and multiple systems of equations are solved. The merits of the scheme in solving problems of soil dynamics are demonstrated, for which the governing equations are extended to hydro-mechanical coupling.

混合隐式-显式（IMEX）方案结合了隐式和显式时间积分法的元素。这样就能有效地处理刚度差异很大的边界值问题，如土壤动力学中经常遇到的问题。本研究讨论了一种空间混合 IMEX 方案，在该方案中，计算域的不同部分可根据其行为进行隐式或显式处理。为此，采用了砂浆接触离散法进行域分解，并求解了多个方程系统。该方案在解决土壤动力学问题方面的优点已得到证明，其控制方程已扩展到水力机械耦合。

引用次数: 0

CFD-DEM modeling of seepage in foam-conditioned soil 泡沫调节土壤中的 CFD-DEM 渗流模型

IF 5.3 1区工程技术 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS

Computers and Geotechnics

Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.compgeo.2024.106818

Rongkai Zeng , Shuying Wang , Yang Zhang , Tongming Qu

Soil conditioning with foam agents can reduce the permeability of virgin soils and mitigate the risk of uncontrollable mud gushing during the excavation of Earth Pressure Balanced (EPB) shield machines. This study employs a combined Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) − Discrete Element Method model (DEM) method to simulate the seepage process in foam-conditioned excavated soil. Through discovering migration patterns of foam particles and their effects on macroscopic permeability under various hydraulic gradients, this study unveils the micro-mechanisms governing the permeability of foam-modified soil. Results indicate the feasibility of using hydraulic gradient amplification to examine foam particle migration channels and permeability changes. Furthermore, the findings show that the initial stabilization period in the seepage experiment arises from a dynamic equilibrium between the inflow and outflow of foam in the lower layers. In the upper and middle soil layers, foam migration paths show resilience to water pressure during the initial stage of seepage, but become increasingly responsive to the pressure when migration is hindered. The migration paths of the foam particles in the lower layers remain consistent across different water pressures. The migration speed of individual foam particles is determined by both water pressure and pore structure, while the overall migration speed of the foam increases as water pressure rises.

使用泡沫剂调节土壤可降低原始土壤的渗透性，并降低土压平衡（EPB）盾构机挖掘过程中不可控制的泥浆喷涌风险。本研究采用计算流体动力学（CFD）和离散元法模型（DEM）相结合的方法，模拟泡沫调节挖掘土壤的渗流过程。通过发现泡沫颗粒的迁移模式及其在各种水力梯度下对宏观渗透性的影响，本研究揭示了支配泡沫改良土壤渗透性的微观机制。研究结果表明，利用水力梯度放大法研究泡沫颗粒迁移通道和渗透性变化是可行的。此外，研究结果表明，渗流实验中的初始稳定期源于下层泡沫流入和流出之间的动态平衡。在中上层土层中，泡沫迁移路径在渗流初始阶段对水压表现出弹性，但当迁移受阻时，对水压的反应越来越强烈。下层泡沫颗粒的迁移路径在不同水压下保持一致。单个泡沫颗粒的迁移速度由水压和孔隙结构共同决定，而泡沫的整体迁移速度则随着水压的升高而增加。

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引用次数: 0

One-dimensional non-isothermal diffusion model for organic pollutant in an unsaturated composite liner considering the degradation effect 考虑降解效应的有机污染物在非饱和复合衬垫中的一维非等温扩散模型

IF 5.3 1区工程技术 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS

Computers and Geotechnics

Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.compgeo.2024.106807

Wenhao Jiang , Shangqi Ge , Jiangshan Li

In this article, a one-dimensional non-isothermal diffusion model for organic pollutant in an unsaturated composite liner (comprising a geomembrane and an unsaturated compacted clay liner (CCL)) considering the degradation effect is established, which also includes the impacts of temperature on diffusion-related parameters, and employs a water content and pore-water pressure head relationship equation that better matches the experimental results. Subsequently, this model is addressed through a finite-difference technique, and its reasonableness is proved by comparing with the experiment measurements and two other calculation approaches. Following this, the analyses suggest that the diffusion coefficients’ change induced by a rising temperature accelerates the diffusion rate, whereas such an alteration on partitioning coefficients has an opposite effect. Furthermore, the evaluation reveals that the non-isothermal state caused by an increasing upper temperature overall lowers the anti-fouling performance. The unsaturated composite liner’s barrier function is weakened by an increment in residual water content of CCL, but enhanced by unsaturated layer thickness. It is also detected that the degradation effect should be considered if the degradation half-life ≤ 100 years. Lastly, a simplified approach for assessing the unsaturated composite liner’s barrier performance is presented, which can provide guidance for its engineering design in a non-isothermal scenario.

本文建立了考虑降解效应的有机污染物在非饱和复合衬垫（由土工膜和非饱和压实粘土衬垫组成）中的一维非等温扩散模型，其中还包括温度对扩散相关参数的影响，并采用了与实验结果更匹配的含水率和孔隙水压头关系式。随后，通过有限差分技术对该模型进行了处理，并通过与实验测量结果和其他两种计算方法的比较，证明了该模型的合理性。随后的分析表明，温度升高引起的扩散系数变化会加快扩散速度，而这种变化对分配系数的影响恰恰相反。此外，评估结果还显示，上限温度升高导致的非等温状态总体上降低了防污性能。不饱和复合衬垫的阻隔功能会因 CCL 剩余含水量的增加而减弱，但会因不饱和层厚度的增加而增强。研究还发现，如果降解半衰期≤ 100 年，则应考虑降解效应。最后，提出了评估非饱和复合衬垫阻隔性能的简化方法，可为非等温情况下的工程设计提供指导。

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引用次数: 0

APD: An automated parameter determination system based on in-situ tests APD：基于现场测试的自动参数确定系统

IF 5.3 1区工程技术 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS

Computers and Geotechnics

Pub Date : 2024-10-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.compgeo.2024.106799

Islam Marzouk , Ronald Brinkgreve , Arny Lengkeek , Franz Tschuchnigg

In-situ testing has numerous applications in geotechnical engineering. The interpretation of in-situ test results includes soil stratification and determination of soil parameters. This paper presents an automated parameter determination framework that aims to determine constitutive model parameters based on in-situ tests. The ongoing research project relies on a graph-based approach for determining the parameters. The framework has two main attributes: transparency and adaptability. Transparency is achieved by illustrating how a certain parameter was computed. Adaptability is ensured by allowing users to incorporate their expertise into the framework. The system currently determines parameters based on three main workflows that utilize the results of cone penetration tests, dilatometer tests, and shear wave velocity measurements. This study employs the three main workflows to determine soil parameters for one of the Norwegian GeoTest Sites. Additionally, the connection between the parameter determination system and finite element analysis is discussed, where the parameters for the Modified Cam Clay model are evaluated. The framework is valuable in the early stages of projects, providing detailed soil information when soil data is limited. Ongoing research aims to assess the accuracy of the derived soil and constitutive model parameters and to expand the system’s capabilities by including additional in-situ tests.

原位测试在岩土工程中应用广泛。对原位测试结果的解释包括土壤分层和土壤参数的确定。本文介绍了一个自动参数确定框架，旨在根据原位测试确定构成模型参数。正在进行的研究项目采用基于图形的方法确定参数。该框架有两个主要属性：透明度和适应性。透明度是通过说明如何计算某个参数来实现的。适应性则是通过允许用户将其专业知识纳入框架来确保的。目前，该系统根据三个主要工作流程确定参数，这三个流程利用了锥入度测试、扩张仪测试和剪切波速度测量的结果。本研究利用这三个主要工作流程来确定挪威一个地质测试点的土壤参数。此外，还讨论了参数确定系统与有限元分析之间的联系，并对修正卡姆粘土模型的参数进行了评估。该框架在项目早期阶段非常有价值，可在土壤数据有限的情况下提供详细的土壤信息。正在进行的研究旨在评估得出的土壤和构成模型参数的准确性，并通过增加原位测试来扩展该系统的功能。

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引用次数: 0

Physics-guided neural network-based framework for 3D modeling of slope stability 基于物理引导神经网络的斜坡稳定性三维建模框架

IF 5.3 1区工程技术 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS

Computers and Geotechnics

Pub Date : 2024-10-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.compgeo.2024.106801

Zilong Zhang , Bowen Wang , Zhengwei Li , Xinyu Ye , Zhibin Sun , Daniel Dias

Physics-informed neural networks (PINN) have gradually attracted attention in the field of geotechnical engineering. This paper proposes a novel PINN-based framework for the three-dimensional (3D) stability analysis of soil slopes. Based on the fundamental theorem of plasticity and limit analysis, the partial differential equations (PDE) with regard to slope collapse are derived and integrated into the physics-guided loss function. A kinematically admissible failure mechanism that rigorously satisfies the Mohr-Coulomb associated flow rule is obtained by minimizing the loss function, thereby circumventing complex mathematical calculations. The discrete points generated by PINN are selected and refined through a series of procedures to represent the failure block of slopes using a two-dimensional matrix. The entire training process of the PINN-based framework is conducted without the need for any labeled data. The resulting discretized failure mechanism is meshfree and capable of accommodating spatially discrete data. A validation exercise is performed to verify the proposed framework by comparing it with the classical 3D rotational failure mechanism. To further consider the impact of external excitation on slope stability, a hybrid PINN framework is developed to assess the stability of slopes subjected to complex external environments. In addition to the PINN to generate a failure mechanism, a parallel PINN is employed to acquire the corresponding spatially discrete data of specified external excitations. The hybrid PINN framework for seismic stability assessment of slopes is demonstrated by way of example, indicating favorable feasibility and applicability of the developed approach. The proposed PINN-based framework provides innovative and promising avenues for 3D slope stability analysis.

物理信息神经网络（PINN）在岩土工程领域逐渐受到关注。本文提出了一种基于 PINN 的新型土质边坡三维（3D）稳定性分析框架。基于塑性基本定理和极限分析，推导出了有关边坡坍塌的偏微分方程 (PDE)，并将其集成到物理引导的损失函数中。通过最小化损失函数，可获得严格满足莫尔-库仑相关流动规则的运动学容许破坏机制，从而避免了复杂的数学计算。PINN 生成的离散点经过一系列程序的选择和细化，用一个二维矩阵来表示斜坡的破坏块。基于 PINN 框架的整个训练过程无需任何标记数据。由此产生的离散失效机制是无网格的，能够容纳空间离散数据。通过与经典的三维旋转失效机制进行比较，验证了所提出的框架。为了进一步考虑外部激励对斜坡稳定性的影响，我们开发了一个混合 PINN 框架，用于评估受到复杂外部环境影响的斜坡的稳定性。除了生成破坏机制的 PINN 之外，还采用了并行 PINN 来获取指定外部激励的相应空间离散数据。通过实例演示了用于斜坡地震稳定性评估的混合 PINN 框架，表明了所开发方法的良好可行性和适用性。所提出的基于 PINN 的框架为三维斜坡稳定性分析提供了创新和前景广阔的途径。

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引用次数: 0

A hybrid approach combining UD and GA-CV-SVM to evaluate shear performance in high asphalt concrete core 结合 UD 和 GA-CV-SVM 的混合方法评估高沥青混凝土芯材的剪切性能

IF 5.3 1区工程技术 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS

Computers and Geotechnics

Pub Date : 2024-10-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.compgeo.2024.106812

Yong Li , Yanlong Li , Lifeng Wen , Weimei Li , Ye Zhang , Peng Bu , Xinjian Sun

The shear effect on high asphalt concrete core is significant. However, studies on the reliability of 100-meter-scale cores against shear damage remain limited. A key challenge in this research field is establishing the control criteria for the core and improving the computational efficiency of implicit limit state function (LSF). Additionally, the impact of material parameter uncertainty on the shear failure reliability of the core during the dam construction and impoundment stages remains unclear. To address this, a safety evaluation method based on time discretization was proposed, combining uniform design (UD), K-fold cross-validation (K-CV), and genetic algorithm (GA) to optimize the support vector machines (SVM). The core parameters of 52 asphalt concrete-core rockfill dams (ACCRDs) were analyzed, with the statistical values of the basic variables considered in determining the reliability index. The theoretical derivation of the critical shear failure safety index established a stability formula to assess the safety state of the dam core. The significance parameters were identified, and the sample points were generated at each stage using UD, and the Support Vector Regression (SVR) was applied to reconstruct the LSF, and reliability was calculated through the checking point method.

剪切对高沥青混凝土岩心的影响很大。然而，关于 100 米级芯材抗剪切破坏可靠性的研究仍然有限。该研究领域的一个主要挑战是建立岩心控制标准和提高隐式极限状态函数（LSF）的计算效率。此外，在大坝建设和蓄水阶段，材料参数的不确定性对岩心剪切破坏可靠性的影响仍不明确。针对这一问题，提出了一种基于时间离散化的安全评价方法，将统一设计（UD）、K 倍交叉验证（K-CV）和遗传算法（GA）结合起来，对支持向量机（SVM）进行优化。分析了 52 个沥青混凝土核心堆石坝（ACCRD）的核心参数，并考虑了确定可靠性指数的基本变量的统计值。临界剪切破坏安全指数的理论推导建立了评估坝心安全状态的稳定公式。确定了重要参数，利用 UD 生成了各阶段的样本点，并应用支持向量回归（SVR）重建了 LSF，通过检核点法计算了可靠性。

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引用次数: 0

An efficient nonlocal integral method based on the octree algorithm 基于八叉树算法的高效非局部积分法

IF 5.3 1区工程技术 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS

Computers and Geotechnics

Pub Date : 2024-10-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.compgeo.2024.106796

Dechun Lu , Yaning Zhang , Xin Zhou , Fanping Meng , Cancan Su , Xiuli Du

The nonlocal integral method typically requires a very high computing cost to search neighborhood integration points for calculating the nonlocal variable, which limits its application in large-scale problems. This paper proposes an efficient nonlocal integral method based on the octree algorithm, in which the integration point information is stored in the tree data structure to accelerate the search task. Firstly, the fundamental principles and implementation details of using the octree algorithm to search neighborhood integration points are described in detail. Subsequently, a Mohr-Coulomb nonlocal damage plastic model is presented as the application object of the proposed method. The model is implemented further in the ABAQUS using the octree-based nonlocal method and the return mapping algorithm enhanced by a line search method. Finally, two typical boundary value problems are simulated to verify the effectiveness and to assess the computational efficiency of the proposed nonlocal method. For the given test environment, the octree algorithm can achieve up to 100 times speedup at the integration point level compared to the traversal algorithm, and the developed efficient nonlocal method can achieve up to 7.9 times speedup at the boundary value problem level compared to the original nonlocal method.

非局部积分法通常需要很高的计算成本来搜索邻域积分点以计算非局部变量，这限制了它在大规模问题中的应用。本文提出了一种基于八叉树算法的高效非局部积分方法，将积分点信息存储在树形数据结构中，以加速搜索任务。首先，详细介绍了使用八叉树算法搜索邻域积分点的基本原理和实现细节。随后，介绍了一个 Mohr-Coulomb 非局部损伤塑性模型作为所提方法的应用对象。利用基于八叉树的非局部方法和通过线搜索方法增强的返回映射算法，在 ABAQUS 中进一步实现了该模型。最后，模拟了两个典型的边界值问题，以验证所提出的非局部方法的有效性并评估其计算效率。在给定的测试环境下，与遍历算法相比，八叉树算法在积分点层面的速度最多可提高 100 倍；与原始非局部方法相比，所开发的高效非局部方法在边界值问题层面的速度最多可提高 7.9 倍。

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引用次数: 0