Brain and Cognition最新文献_第3页

Decoding tactile working memory content reveals performance relevance of parietal fMRI activity patterns 解码触觉工作记忆内容揭示了顶叶fMRI活动模式的表现相关性

IF 1.4 3区心理学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Brain and Cognition

Pub Date : 2025-10-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106375

Miro Grundei , Timo Torsten Schmidt , Paolo Barbieri , Felix Blankenburg

Working memory (WM) supports a range of higher order cognitive functions by enabling the short-term maintenance and manipulation of information through dynamic, distributed neural processes. In parallel to findings from the visual modality, tactile WM engages both sensory and higher-order cortical regions, but the temporal dynamics and functional significance of these areas remain incompletely understood. In this fMRI study, we used multivoxel pattern analysis to investigate how spatial features of tactile stimuli are represented and maintained across a short WM delay period. Our results reveal a dynamic engagement of contralateral primary somatosensory cortex (S1) and anterior superior parietal lobe (SPL) during initial encoding, with a shift toward bilateral posterior SPL involvement during later maintenance. Critically, decoding accuracy in the ipsilateral SPL correlated with individual task performance, suggesting that distinctiveness of WM-related representations in this region supports successful memory retention. These findings shed light on the hierarchical organization and temporal evolution of tactile spatial WM, indicating a transformation from concrete sensory to more abstract, distributed representations across parietal regions, modulated by behavioral demands.

工作记忆（WM）通过动态的、分布式的神经过程对信息进行短期维护和操作，从而支持一系列高阶认知功能。与视觉模态的发现相似，触觉WM涉及感觉和高阶皮层区域，但这些区域的时间动态和功能意义仍未完全了解。在这项fMRI研究中，我们使用多体素模式分析来研究触觉刺激的空间特征是如何在短的WM延迟期内被表征和维持的。我们的研究结果显示，在初始编码过程中，对侧初级体感觉皮层（S1）和前上顶叶（SPL）发生动态参与，并在后期维持过程中向双侧后顶叶受累转移。重要的是，同侧SPL的解码准确性与个体任务表现相关，这表明该区域与wm相关表征的独特性支持成功的记忆保留。这些发现揭示了触觉空间WM的层次组织和时间演化，表明在行为需求的调节下，触觉空间WM从具体的感觉向更抽象、分布在顶叶区域的表征转变。

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引用次数: 0

Episodic memory neural mechanisms: patterns, connectivity, and developmental dynamics 情景记忆的神经机制：模式、连通性和发展动态。

IF 1.4 3区心理学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Brain and Cognition

Pub Date : 2025-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106374

Jing Qu , Junjun Fu , Xiaoyu Liu , Ming Chen , Tingting Yang , Zhimin Shen

Episodic memory enables individuals to encode, store, and retrieve personally experienced events in their spatiotemporal contexts. This review synthesizes current cognitive neuroscience findings and proposes an integrative framework highlighting three key dimensions. First, distinct subregions of the medial temporal lobe (e.g., hippocampus, perirhinal cortex) and large-scale neocortical networks (e.g., ventral and dorsal frontoparietal networks, default mode network) play specialized roles in episodic memory processing. Second, episodic memory representations vary in both content and format, exhibiting stage-specific (e.g., encoding vs. retrieval) and region-specific (e.g., hippocampus vs. neocortex) neural patterns, as well as transformations during memory formation. Third, successful episodic memory relies on dynamic functional connectivity between the hippocampus and neocortex, supported by corresponding structural pathways. Furthermore, age and sex exert significant modulatory effects on hippocampus-neocortex connectivity and associated morphological structure. Future research should further clarify the specific roles of medial temporal and neocortical regions in episodic memory formation and examine developmental changes in inter-regional information flow, with particular attention to how age and sex shape hippocampal connectivity and subregional contributions.

情景记忆使个体能够在其时空背景下对个人经历的事件进行编码、存储和检索。这篇综述综合了当前认知神经科学的发现，并提出了一个强调三个关键维度的综合框架。首先，内侧颞叶的不同亚区（如海马、周围皮层）和大规模的新皮层网络（如腹侧和背侧额顶叶网络、默认模式网络）在情景记忆加工中起着特殊的作用。其次，情景记忆表征在内容和形式上都有所不同，表现出特定阶段（例如，编码与检索）和特定区域（例如，海马体与新皮层）的神经模式，以及记忆形成过程中的转换。第三，成功的情景记忆依赖于海马体和新皮层之间的动态功能连接，并有相应的结构通路支持。此外，年龄和性别对海马-新皮层连通性和相关形态结构具有显著的调节作用。未来的研究应进一步阐明内侧颞叶区和新皮层区在情景记忆形成中的具体作用，并研究区域间信息流的发育变化，特别关注年龄和性别如何影响海马连通性和分区域的贡献。

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引用次数: 0

IF 1.4 3区心理学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Brain and Cognition

Pub Date : 2025-10-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106372

Atakan M. Akil , Greti Gaspar , Daniela C. Gonçalves-Bradley , Andras N. Zsido

This systematic review aimed to synthesize event-related potential (ERP) findings relating to the processing of threat-related visual stimuli across different stimulus categories. We included peer-reviewed, empirical studies published between 2000 and 2024 which reported ERP data in response to visual, threat-related stimuli in adult human participants. We excluded studies using non-visual modalities or non-ERP outcomes. The systematic search of PubMed and Web of Science was conducted on 1 August 2024. Study selection was performed independently by two reviewers. We narratively synthesized ERP results by stimulus type and component. Twenty-four studies met the inclusion criteria, comprising samples of healthy participants. Most of the studies used facial expressions as stimuli, while others employed images of animals (e.g. snakes and spiders), modern threats (e.g. guns, knives), or environmental scenes. Early ERP components (e.g. P1, N1, and EPN) were modulated by biologically salient stimuli, which suggests rapid attentional capture. Later components (e.g. LPP) reflected sustained engagement and cognitive evaluation, with modulation patterns varying according to stimulus type, cognitive load and participant characteristics. The type of stimulus may affect ERP markers of threat processing. The findings emphasize the value of ERPs as precise indicators of emotional attention and suggest their potential as biomarkers in clinical research.

本研究旨在综合不同类型视觉刺激对威胁相关刺激加工的事件相关电位（ERP）研究结果。我们收录了2000年至2024年间发表的同行评审的实证研究，这些研究报告了成人参与者对视觉、威胁相关刺激的ERP数据。我们排除了使用非视觉方式或非erp结果的研究。系统检索PubMed和Web of Science于2024年8月1日进行。研究选择由两位评论者独立完成。我们叙述地综合了刺激类型和成分的ERP结果。24项研究符合纳入标准，包括健康参与者的样本。大多数研究使用面部表情作为刺激，而其他研究则使用动物（如蛇和蜘蛛）、现代威胁（如枪、刀）或环境场景的图像。早期的ERP成分（如P1、N1和EPN）受到生物显著性刺激的调节，这表明了快速的注意捕获。后期成分（如LPP）反映了持续参与和认知评价，其调节模式根据刺激类型、认知负荷和参与者特征而变化。刺激类型可能影响威胁加工的ERP标记。研究结果强调了erp作为情绪注意力精确指标的价值，并表明它们在临床研究中作为生物标志物的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Tourette’s Syndrome as a vehicle in the search for the neural correlates of consciousness 妥瑞氏综合症作为寻找意识的神经关联的载体

IF 1.4 3区心理学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Brain and Cognition

Pub Date : 2025-10-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106373

Peter J. Chabot, Nicholas B. Dadario, Michael E. Sughrue

The neurological underpinnings of Tourette’s Syndrome offer an avenue to identify the neural correlates of consciousness. Neuroimaging of Tourette’s Syndrome patients during the volitional control of premonitory urges highlight the involvement of the non-language dominant prefrontal portion of the frontal operculum of the inferior frontal gyrus and the anterior insular cortex in tic inhibition and decision-making processes. Further studies reveal these regions are crucial for intention, volitional control, self-awareness, perception of tangible reality, and attentional selectivity, suggesting their potential role in the neural correlates of consciousness.

图雷特综合症的神经学基础为识别意识的神经关联提供了一条途径。图雷特综合征患者在前驱冲动的意志控制过程中的神经影像学显示，额下回额盖的非语言优势前额叶部分和前岛皮质参与抽动抑制和决策过程。进一步的研究表明，这些区域对意图、意志控制、自我意识、对有形现实的感知和注意选择性至关重要，这表明它们在意识的神经关联中具有潜在的作用。

引用次数: 0

Reconfiguring Emotion-Regulation patterns in Multi-Frequency EEG networks during healthy aging 健康衰老过程中多频脑电图网络情绪调节模式的重构。

IF 1.4 3区心理学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Brain and Cognition

Pub Date : 2025-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106363

Shiyi Peng, Ledan Han, Chengfang Wang, Huarong He, Wei Liang, Chengwen Liu, Pan Lin

Previous research on aging-related emotional regulation from a whole-brain network perspective is limited, especially using EEG and graph-theoretical multi-frequency analyses. This study addresses this gap by examining 52 older adults (67.31 ± 5.00 years) and 108 younger adults (25.09 ± 3.00 years) from the Leipzig Study for MindBody-Emotion Interactions (LEMON) dataset. Functional brain networks were constructed across five frequency bands (delta, theta, alpha, beta, gamma) using amplitude envelope correlation (AEC), and global and local graph metrics were analyzed in relation to emotional regulation. Older adults showed greater use of suppression and less support coping. Network analyses revealed increased global efficiency in alpha and gamma bands in older adults, negatively correlating with evasive coping and adaptive cognitive emotional regulation. Hub nodes exhibited over-integration while peripheral connections degraded, suggesting compensatory reorganization that maintains basic function but reduces flexibility in emotional regulation, particularly in theta band and alpha band Default Mode Network and Salience/Ventral Attention networks. These findings highlight that high-frequency network compensation in aging may stabilize brain function but affect adaptive emotional regulation, and demonstrate the utility of EEG in capturing multi-frequency neural dynamics underlying emotional regulation.

以往从全脑网络角度对衰老相关情绪调节的研究比较有限，尤其是脑电图和图论多频分析。本研究通过调查来自莱比锡身心情绪相互作用研究（LEMON）数据集的52名老年人（67.31±5.00岁）和108名年轻人（25.09±3.00岁）来解决这一差距。利用振幅包络相关性（AEC）在五个频带（delta, theta, alpha, beta, gamma）上构建了功能脑网络，并分析了与情绪调节相关的全局和局部图形指标。老年人表现出更多的压抑和更少的支持应对。网络分析显示，老年人α和γ波段的整体效率增加，与回避应对和适应性认知情绪调节负相关。中枢节点表现出过度整合，而外围连接退化，表明代偿性重组维持了基本功能，但降低了情绪调节的灵活性，特别是在θ波段和α波段默认模式网络和显著性/腹侧注意网络中。这些研究结果表明，高频网络补偿在稳定大脑功能的同时影响适应性情绪调节，并证明了脑电图在捕捉情绪调节背后的多频神经动力学方面的实用性。

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引用次数: 0

Aerobic walking exercise training boosts thalamic connectivity in MS patients with cognitive processing speed impairment. 有氧步行运动训练增强认知处理速度障碍的MS患者的丘脑连通性。

IF 1.4 3区心理学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Brain and Cognition

Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106349

Brian M Sandroff, Robert W Motl, Glenn R Wylie, Grace E Wells, Carly L A Wender, Mary Ann Picone, Krupa Pandey, John DeLuca, Gary R Cutter

Purpose: The current study involved a single-blind, randomized controlled trial on the effects of aerobic treadmill walking exercise training compared with an active control condition as an approach to modify thalamocortical resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) as a neurobiological correlate of cognitive processing speed (CPS) impairment in 28 fully-ambulatory persons with multiple sclerosis (MS) who were pre-screened for impaired CPS.

Methods: Participants completed baseline assessments of CPS and underwent resting-state fMRI to measure thalamocortical RSFC. Following baseline, participants were randomly assigned into either 12-weeks of supervised, aerobic treadmill walking exercise training or 12-weeks of stretching and range-of-motion activities (active control condition). After the 12-week study period, participants underwent follow-up assessments of CPS and thalamocortical RSFC using a treatment-blinded assessor.

Results: Aerobic treadmill walking exercise training was associated with significantly increased RSFC between the thalamus and frontal/parietal regions relative to the active control condition. By comparison, the active control condition was associated with significantly increased RSFC between the thalamus and occipital regions relative to the treadmill condition.

Conclusions: The current RCT provides critical information on underlying neurophysiological mechanisms of aerobic treadmill walking exercise training and stretching and range-of-motion activities among fully-ambulatory, but CPS impaired persons with MS. This is important for informing the design of aerobic exercise programs that selectively target thalamocortical RSFC as an approach to improve CPS in persons with MS. Such programs may be ripe for inclusion in a future mechanistic trial focusing on thalamocortical RSFC as a mediator of exercise effects on CPS in MS.

目的：目前的研究涉及一项单盲，随机对照试验，比较有氧跑步机步行运动训练与主动对照条件的影响，作为一种改变丘脑皮质静息状态功能连接（RSFC）作为认知加工速度（CPS）障碍的神经生物学相关的方法，在28名完全活动的多发性硬化症（MS）患者中进行认知加工速度（CPS）障碍的预筛选。方法：参与者完成CPS的基线评估，并进行静息状态功能磁共振成像（fMRI）测量丘脑皮质RSFC。在基线之后，参与者被随机分配到12周的有氧跑步机步行训练或12周的伸展和活动范围活动（主动控制条件）。在12周的研究期后，参与者使用治疗盲评估器对CPS和丘脑皮质RSFC进行随访评估。结果：与主动控制条件相比，有氧跑步机步行运动训练与丘脑和额/顶叶区域之间的RSFC显著增加相关。相比之下，相对于跑步机条件，主动控制条件与丘脑和枕部区域之间的RSFC显著增加有关。结论:目前的RCT提供了关于有氧跑步机步行运动训练和伸展运动范围活动的潜在神经生理机制的关键信息。这对于设计选择性靶向丘脑皮质RSFC的有氧运动计划作为改善MS患者CPS的方法是很重要的。这些计划可能已经成熟，可以纳入未来的机制试验，重点关注丘脑皮质RSFC作为运动对MS患者CPS影响的媒介。

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引用次数: 0

Motor beta oscillations contribute to the temporal binding effect 运动振荡有助于时间约束效应。

IF 1.4 3区心理学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Brain and Cognition

Pub Date : 2025-09-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106362

José Luis Ulloa , Roberta Vastano , Ole Jensen , Marcel Brass

Agency, the feeling of controlling one’s actions and their consequences, is closely linked to temporal binding, a phenomenon where the interval between a voluntary action and its outcome is subjectively compressed. While prior research has linked temporal binding to sensorimotor processes, the role of neural oscillations remains unclear. In this study, we combined electroencephalography with an automatic imitation task to examine how trial-by-trial variations in motor-related brain rhythms predict temporal binding. Twenty-eight participants performed lifting finger movements in response to visual imperative stimuli. Following each response, they estimated the interval between their action and a subsequent tone. Time-frequency analysis and linear mixed-effects modeling revealed that reduced beta desynchronization predicted stronger temporal binding, independent of action congruency. These results suggest that motor beta oscillations reflects the temporal experience of action-effect coupling, likely reflecting predictive motor processes involved in the construction of voluntary actions.

能动性，即控制自己行为及其结果的感觉，与时间约束密切相关，即自愿行为与其结果之间的间隔在主观上被压缩。虽然先前的研究已经将时间绑定与感觉运动过程联系起来，但神经振荡的作用仍不清楚。在这项研究中，我们将脑电图与自动模仿任务相结合，以研究运动相关的脑节律的每次试验变化如何预测时间绑定。28名参与者在视觉指令刺激下进行了举起手指的动作。在每个反应之后，他们估计他们的动作和随后的音调之间的间隔。时频分析和线性混合效应模型显示，减少β去同步预示着更强的时间绑定，独立于动作一致性。这些结果表明，运动β振荡反映了动作-效应耦合的时间经验，可能反映了参与自愿行为构建的预测性运动过程。

引用次数: 0

Neurophysiological correlates of short-term recognition of sounds: Insights from magnetoencephalography 短期声音识别的神经生理学相关性：来自脑磁图的见解

IF 1.4 3区心理学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Brain and Cognition

Pub Date : 2025-09-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106360

E. Serra , M. Lumaca , E. Brattico , P. Vuust , M.L. Kringelbach , L. Bonetti

This study employed a same versus different auditory paradigm to investigate short-term auditory recognition within a predictive coding (PC) framework. Using magnetoencephalography (MEG), we captured the neurophysiological correlates associated with a single-sound, short-term memory task. Twenty-six healthy participants were tasked with recognizing presented sounds as same or different compared to strings of standards. A white noise interlude separated targets from standards. MEG sensor-level results revealed that recognition of same sounds elicited two significantly stronger negative components of the event-related field compared to different sounds. The first, N1m, peaking 100 ms post-sound onset, while the second corresponded to a slower negative component arising between 300 and 600 ms. This effect was observed in several significant clusters of MEG sensors, especially temporal and parietal regions. Conversely, different sounds produced scattered and smaller clusters of stronger activity than same sounds, peaking later than 600 ms after sound onset. Source reconstruction using beamforming algorithms revealed involvement of auditory cortices, hippocampus, and cingulate gyrus in both conditions. Overall, results are coherent with PC principles and previous results on the brain mechanisms underlying auditory recognition, highlighting the relevance of early and later negative brain responses for successful prediction of previously listened sounds in the context of conscious short-term memory.

本研究采用相同与不同的听觉范式来研究预测编码（PC）框架下的短期听觉识别。使用脑磁图（MEG），我们捕捉到与单一声音短期记忆任务相关的神经生理关联。26名健康参与者的任务是识别所呈现的声音与一系列标准声音的相同或不同。一段白噪音将目标与标准分隔开来。脑磁图传感器水平的结果显示，与不同的声音相比，对相同声音的识别引起了两个显著更强的事件相关场的负成分。第一个是N1m，在声音开始后100毫秒达到峰值，而第二个是在300到600毫秒之间出现的较慢的负分量。这种效应在几个重要的MEG传感器簇中观察到，特别是颞和顶叶区域。相反，不同的声音比相同的声音产生了分散的、较小的、更强的活动簇，在声音开始后600毫秒后达到峰值。使用波束形成算法的源重建显示，在两种情况下，听觉皮质、海马和扣带回都受到了影响。总的来说，研究结果与PC原理和先前关于听觉识别的大脑机制的研究结果是一致的，强调了在有意识的短期记忆背景下，早期和后期的消极大脑反应与成功预测先前听过的声音的相关性。

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引用次数: 0

Resting-state functional connectivity insights: dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and superior parietal lobule in self-control and cognitive reappraisal 静息状态功能连通性的见解：背外侧前额叶皮层和顶叶上小叶在自我控制和认知再评价中的作用

IF 1.4 3区心理学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Brain and Cognition

Pub Date : 2025-09-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106361

Zixiao Xiong , Hengyue Zhao , Ting Xu , Jicheng Huang , Chenxu Yang , Tingyong Feng , Pan Feng

Self-control denotes the capacity to regulate impulses, modulate behavior and cognition in the service of long-term goals, especially when facing motivational conflicts. Cognitive reappraisal involves adaptively modifying one’s appraisal of events through reinterpretation to reduce negative affect. Although both behavioral and neuroimaging studies support the association between self-control and cognitive reappraisal, the specific regulatory mechanisms of the prefrontal-parietal network in this relationship still require further investigation. To address this issue, this study systematically investigated the brain-behavior regulatory mechanisms between self-control and cognitive reappraisal by analyzing behavioral-neuroimaging data from 358 participants, combining resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) and mediation analysis. The behavioral results confirmed a positive correlation between the variables. Moreover, neuroimaging results revealed the functional connectivity between the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) and superior parietal lobule (SPL) was associated with self-control and played a mediating role in the association with cognitive reappraisal. Together, these findings suggest that dlPFC-SPL functional connectivity may serve as the neural basis for the association between self-control and cognitive reappraisal, providing novel insights into the association between self-control and cognitive reappraisal and offering a new neurobehavioral perspective on their interaction.

自我控制是指在长期目标服务中调节冲动、调节行为和认知的能力，特别是在面对动机冲突时。认知重评是指通过重新解释来自适应地调整对事件的评价，以减少负面影响。尽管行为学和神经影像学研究都支持自我控制与认知再评价之间的联系，但前额叶-顶叶网络在这种关系中的具体调节机制仍需要进一步研究。为了解决这一问题，本研究通过分析358名被试的行为神经影像学数据，结合静息状态功能连接（RSFC）和中介分析，系统探讨了自我控制与认知再评价之间的脑-行为调节机制。行为结果证实了变量之间的正相关关系。此外，神经影像学结果显示，背外侧前额叶皮层（dlPFC）和顶叶上叶（SPL）之间的功能连接与自我控制有关，并在认知重评价的关联中起中介作用。综上所述，这些发现提示dlPFC-SPL功能连接可能是自我控制与认知重评价之间关联的神经基础，为自我控制与认知重评价之间的关联提供了新的见解，并为它们之间的相互作用提供了新的神经行为学视角。

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引用次数: 0

Distractor-induced deafness: ERP correlates of auditory distractor processing 干扰物诱发耳聋：听觉干扰物加工的ERP相关

IF 1.4 3区心理学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Brain and Cognition

Pub Date : 2025-09-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106359

Sophie Hanke, Michael Niedeggen

Distractor-induced deafness (DID) refers to the impaired detection of an auditory target when preceded by a rapid sequence of auditory distractors sharing the target’s features. We examined whether the neural signatures underlying DID resemble those found in visual distractor-induced blindness (DIB). Participants completed a rapid serial auditory presentation (RSAP) task in which distractor number and cue-target onset asynchrony were systematically manipulated. Behaviorally, target detection declined with increasing distractor number, closely replicating the behavioral DIB effect. Event-related brain potentials (ERPs) evoked by the distractors, however, revealed modality-specific differences: In contrast to earlier DIB findings, the amplitude of a fronto-central negativity decreased with increasing distractor load in the auditory task. Whereas the ERP responses in the visual DIB setup supported the notion of a cumulative inhibitory mechanism triggered by distractors, the current DID findings are rather in line with temporal expectation accounts.

干扰物诱发性耳聋（DID）是指在快速出现一系列与目标具有相同特征的听觉干扰物时，对听觉目标的检测能力受损。我们研究了DID的神经特征是否与视觉干扰诱导失明（DIB）相似。参与者完成了一项快速连续听觉呈现（RSAP）任务，在该任务中，干扰物数量和线索-目标启动的异步性被系统地操纵。在行为上，目标检测随分心物数量的增加而下降，与行为DIB效应密切相关。然而，干扰物诱发的事件相关脑电位（ERPs）显示了模态特异性差异：与早期DIB研究结果相反，在听觉任务中，额-中枢负性的振幅随着干扰物负荷的增加而下降。尽管视觉DIB设置中的ERP反应支持由干扰物触发的累积抑制机制的概念，但目前的DID研究结果与时间预期相符。

引用次数: 0