Brain and Cognition最新文献_第10页

Cortical brain potentials in response to lower limb proprioceptive stimuli in young adults with probable developmental coordination disorder 可能患有发育协调障碍的青少年对下肢本体感觉刺激的皮层脑电位反应。

IF 2.2 3区心理学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Brain and Cognition

Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2024.106224

Yu-Ting Tseng , Yi-Wen Chen , Yi-Hsuan Lin , Chia-Liang Tsai , Chun-Hsiang Chuang

<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Proprioceptive deficits have been shown to underlie motor problems in individuals with a probable developmental coordination disorder (pDCD). Behavioral studies have employed response times to passive limb movement to evaluate proprioceptive function in individuals with pDCD. However, the underlying neural mechanisms involved in the cortical processing of proprioceptive input and its corresponding motor response are unclear. To address this issue, this study aims to investigate neuropsychological and neurophysiological performances using event-related potentials (ERP) on proprioceptive-motor tasks in young adults with pDCD.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>From a total of 149 young adults screened using the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency 2nd Edition Complete Form (BOT-2), 12 individuals with pDCD were identified (mean age ± SD: 20.50 ± 1.08 years) along with 12 age- and sex-matched controls (mean age ± SD: 20.75 ± 1.05 years). Participants placed their dominant foot on a passive ankle motion apparatus that plantarflexed the ankle at a constant velocity of 22°/s for a total of 75 trials in each proprioceptive condition. With vision occluded, participants had to press the trigger button held by the dominant hand when they sensed the passive motion of the ankle (voluntary response, VR), or purely receive the movement without a voluntary response (non-voluntary response, NVR). Behavioral performances [i.e., mean movement detection time (MDT<sub>mean</sub>), the standard deviation of the movement detection time (MDT<sub>SD</sub>)] and ERP indices (i.e., N1, P3 amplitude, and latency) related to ankle kinesthetic stimuli were obtained to determine the proprioceptive-motor function.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The results showed that young adults with pDCD exhibited longer MDT<sub>mean</sub> (<em>p</em> < 0.001) and MDT<sub>SD</sub> (<em>p</em> = 0.002) compared to their controls. Electrophysiological indices measured at frontal and central electrode sites, showed that young adults with pDCD exhibited significantly smaller N1 (<em>p</em> = 0.019) and P3 amplitudes (<em>p</em> = 0.032) during VR and NVR conditions. Notably, correlation analysis revealed a significant negative relationship between MDT<sub>mean</sub> and N1 (<em>r</em> = 0.62, <em>p</em> < 0.001) and P3 amplitudes (<em>r</em> = − 0.55, <em>p</em> = 0.005) in the VR condition in young adults with and without pDCD.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study sheds light on the central brain mechanisms underlying proprioceptive-motor deficits in young adults with pDCD. The combined analysis of behavioral and ERP data suggests that longer MDT<sub>mean</sub> and larger MDT<sub>SD</sub> in young adults with pDCD are associated with weaker proprioceptive afferent inflow shown by decreased N1 amplitude to the frontal and parietal cortices. Such degraded proprioceptive signals are followed by reduced P3 amplitude, suggesting tha

背景：研究表明，本体感觉障碍是可能患有发育协调障碍（pDCD）的患者出现运动问题的原因。行为研究采用被动肢体运动的反应时间来评估 pDCD 患者的本体感觉功能。然而，大脑皮层处理本体感觉输入及其相应运动反应的潜在神经机制尚不清楚。为解决这一问题，本研究旨在利用事件相关电位（ERP）对本体感觉运动任务中的神经心理学和神经生理学表现进行调查：从使用布鲁斯-奥塞瑞斯基运动能力测验第二版完整表格（BOT-2）筛选出的 149 名年轻成人中，确定了 12 名 pDCD 患者（平均年龄± SD：20.50±1.08 岁）和 12 名年龄与性别匹配的对照组患者（平均年龄± SD：20.75±1.05 岁）。参与者将其优势足放在被动踝关节运动器械上，该器械以 22°/s 的恒定速度使踝关节跖屈，在每种本体感觉条件下共进行 75 次试验。在视线被遮挡的情况下，参与者必须在感觉到踝关节被动运动（自主反应，VR）时按下主导手所持的触发按钮，或者在没有自主反应的情况下纯粹接受运动（非自主反应，NVR）。研究人员获得了与踝关节动觉刺激相关的行为表现[即平均运动检测时间（MDTmean）、运动检测时间标准差（MDTSD）]和ERP指数（即N1、P3振幅和潜伏期），以确定本体感觉运动功能：结果表明，与对照组相比，患有 pDCD 的年轻人表现出更长的 MDTmean (p SD (p = 0.002)。在前额和中央电极部位测量的电生理指标显示，患有 pDCD 的年轻人在 VR 和 NVR 条件下表现出明显较小的 N1（p = 0.019）和 P3 振幅（p = 0.032）。值得注意的是，相关分析显示 MDTmean 与 N1 之间存在明显的负相关（r = 0.62，p 结论）：本研究揭示了患有本体感觉-运动障碍的年轻成人的大脑中枢机制。对行为和 ERP 数据的综合分析表明，青壮年本体感觉缺失症患者较长的 MDTmean 和较大的 MDTSD 与较弱的本体感觉传入有关，表现为传入额叶和顶叶皮层的 N1 振幅减小。这种本体感觉信号的退化随之而来的是 P3 振幅的降低，这表明患有本体感觉障碍的青壮年在本体感觉刺激方面分配给调节运动过程的神经资源较少。这些发现有助于更好地理解本体感觉运动障碍的神经生理学基础，并为开发有针对性的感觉运动干预措施提供信息。

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引用次数: 0

Attention allocation in foreign language reading anxiety during lexical processing − An ERP study with cue-target paradigm 词汇加工过程中外语阅读焦虑的注意力分配--采用线索-目标范式的ERP研究

IF 2.2 3区心理学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Brain and Cognition

Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2024.106225

Lina Li , Qianqian Yu , Qing Guan , Hehui Li , Yue-jia Luo

Extensive behavioral and pedagogical studies emphasize the negative impact of foreign language reading anxiety on foreign language reading. This study investigated whether foreign language reading anxiety is correlated with dysregulation of attentional allocation while foreign language reading. We used event-related potential (ERP) indices as biomarkers to examine attention allocation between groups with high foreign language reading anxiety (HFLRA) and low foreign language reading anxiety (LFLRA) using a cue-target paradigm under conditions that posed high (valid condition) or low (invalid condition) expectations on target location. Behavioral results indicated that HFLRA individuals exhibited significantly lower accuracy compared to LFLRA individuals in both valid and invalid conditions. ERP analyses demonstrated that HFLRA individuals showed significant differences in attentional allocation compared to LFLRA individuals, as reflected by later N2 latency and stronger LPC amplitude, particularly in the invalid condition. Additionally, LFLRA individuals demonstrated a significant difference in N2 latency between valid and invalid conditions, which was not observed in HFLRA individuals. These findings suggest that HFLRA individuals experience inefficient attentional allocation during foreign language reading.

大量行为学和教学研究都强调了外语阅读焦虑对外语阅读的负面影响。本研究探讨了外语阅读焦虑是否与外语阅读时注意力分配失调相关。我们使用事件相关电位（ERP）指数作为生物标志物，在对目标位置提出高期望（有效条件）或低期望（无效条件）的条件下，使用线索-目标范式来研究高度外语阅读焦虑（HFLRA）和低度外语阅读焦虑（LFLRA）群体之间的注意分配。行为结果表明，在有效和无效条件下，HFLRA 患者的准确率都明显低于 LFLRA 患者。ERP分析表明，与LFLRA个体相比，HFLRA个体在注意力分配方面表现出显著差异，这体现在N2潜伏期较晚，LPC振幅较强，尤其是在无效条件下。此外，LFLRA 患者在有效和无效条件下的 N2 潜伏期存在显著差异，而 HFLRA 患者则没有这种差异。这些研究结果表明，HFLRA 患者在外语阅读过程中注意力分配效率低下。

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引用次数: 0

Cognition, emotion, and the default mode network 认知、情感和默认模式网络

IF 2.2 3区心理学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Brain and Cognition

Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2024.106229

Nicola Sambuco

The Default Mode Network (DMN) is increasingly recognized as a key hub where cognitive and emotional processes converge, particularly through its role in integrating episodic memory and emotional experiences. The current mini-review highlights three distinct patterns of brain activity within the DMN associated with emotional processing. The first pattern indicates that, while the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) encodes the pleasantness of memories, other DMN regions support episodic content construction. The second pattern suggests the interaction between the DMN and regions outside of it, such as the amygdala and anterior insula, which contribute to the emotional significance of memories. The third pattern shows widespread activation across the DMN for both pleasant and unpleasant events, challenging the notion of a modular organization of cognition and emotion. The first two patterns appear to result from methodological choices in some studies, while a non-modular view of cognition and emotion in the DMN has recently emerged as the most plausible. These findings support the integration of cognitive and emotional processes within the DMN, suggesting that it plays a fundamental role in constructing coherent and emotionally charged narratives.

人们越来越认识到，默认模式网络（DMN）是认知过程和情绪过程交汇的关键枢纽，尤其是它在整合偶发记忆和情绪体验方面的作用。本期微型综述重点介绍了默认模式网络（DMN）中与情绪处理相关的三种截然不同的大脑活动模式。第一种模式表明，当腹内侧前额叶皮层（vmPFC）编码记忆的愉悦性时，其他DMN区域支持情节性内容的构建。第二种模式表明，DMN 与其外部区域（如杏仁核和前脑岛）之间存在相互作用，这些区域有助于记忆的情感意义。第三种模式显示，愉快和不愉快事件在整个DMN中都有广泛的激活，这对认知和情绪的模块化组织概念提出了挑战。前两种模式似乎是某些研究中方法学选择的结果，而最近出现的关于DMN中认知和情感的非模块化观点则是最合理的。这些研究结果支持认知和情感过程在DMN中的整合，表明它在构建连贯的情感叙事中发挥着根本性的作用。

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引用次数: 0

Distinguishing expectation and attention effects in processing temporal patterns of visual input 在处理视觉输入的时间模式时区分期望效应和注意效应

IF 2.2 3区心理学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Brain and Cognition

Pub Date : 2024-10-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2024.106228

Joann Huizhen Tang , Selina S. Solomon , Adam Kohn , Elyse S. Sussman

The current study investigated how the brain sets up expectations from stimulus regularities by evaluating the neural responses to expectations driven implicitly (by the stimuli themselves) and explicitly (by task demands). How the brain uses prior information to create expectations and what role attention plays in forming or holding predictions to efficiently respond to incoming sensory information is still debated. We presented temporal patterns of visual input while recording EEG under two different task conditions. When the patterns were task-relevant and pattern recognition was required to perform the button press task, three different event-related brain potentials (ERPs) were elicited, each reflecting a different aspect of pattern expectation. In contrast, when the patterns were task-irrelevant, none of the neural indicators of pattern recognition or pattern violation detection were observed to the same temporally structured sequences. Thus, results revealed a clear distinction between expectation and attention that was prompted by task requirements. These results provide complementary pieces of evidence that implicit exposure to a stimulus pattern may not be sufficient to drive neural effects of expectations that lead to predictive error responses. Task-driven attentional control can dissociate from stimulus-driven expectations, to effectively minimize distracting information and maximize attentional regulation.

目前的研究通过评估神经对隐性（由刺激本身）和显性（由任务需求）驱动的预期的反应，研究了大脑如何从刺激的规律性中建立预期。大脑如何利用先前的信息来建立预期，以及注意力在形成或保持预测以有效响应传入的感官信息中扮演什么角色，这些问题仍存在争议。在两种不同的任务条件下，我们一边记录脑电图，一边呈现视觉输入的时间模式。当图案与任务相关且需要识别图案才能完成按键任务时，会引发三种不同的事件相关脑电位（ERP），每种电位都反映了图案预期的不同方面。相反，当模式与任务无关时，在相同的时间结构序列中，没有观察到模式识别或模式违规检测的神经指标。因此，研究结果表明，在任务要求的推动下，预期和注意之间存在明显的区别。这些结果提供了互补的证据，表明内隐暴露于刺激模式可能不足以驱动预期的神经效应，从而导致预测性错误反应。任务驱动的注意控制可以从刺激驱动的预期中分离出来，从而有效地减少干扰信息，最大限度地提高注意调节能力。

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引用次数: 0

Exploring temporal congruence in motor imagery and movement execution in non-specific chronic low back pain 探索非特异性慢性腰痛患者运动想象和运动执行的时间一致性。

IF 2.2 3区心理学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Brain and Cognition

Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2024.106227

Manuel Estradera-Bel , Roy La Touche , Diego Pro-Marín , Ferran Cuenca-Martínez , Alba Paris-Alemany , Mónica Grande-Alonso

Chronic non-specific low back pain (NSCLBP) is linked to sensorimotor dysfunctions and altered motor planning, likely due to neuroplastic changes. Motor imagery (MI) and movement execution share neural pathways, but the relationship between imagined and executed movements in NSCLBP patients remains underexplored. This study aimed to assess the temporal congruence between imagined and executed movements in NSCLBP sufferers, with secondary goals of investigating group differences in movement chronometry, psychological well-being, and disability, as well as possible correlations among these factors. Fifty-six participants, including 28 NSCLBP patients and 28 asymptomatic subjects (AS), performed lumbar flexion and Timed Up and Go (TUG) tasks. NSCLBP patients showed significant temporal incongruence in both tasks, executing movements more slowly than imagined, whereas AS displayed incongruence only in the TUG task. NSCLBP patients also took longer to imagine and execute lumbar flexion movements compared to AS, with correlations observed between execution delays, higher disability, and greater fear of movement. The findings highlight a lack of temporal congruence in NSCLBP patients, especially in lumbar flexion, emphasizing the complex relationship between chronic pain, motor ability, and psychological factors. These results suggest that integrated treatment approaches addressing cognitive and emotional aspects are crucial for managing NSCLBP.

慢性非特异性腰背痛（NSCLBP）与感觉运动功能障碍和运动规划改变有关，这可能是神经可塑性变化所致。运动想象（MI）和动作执行共享神经通路，但对 NSCLBP 患者想象和执行动作之间的关系仍未进行深入探讨。本研究旨在评估 NSCLBP 患者的想象动作和执行动作之间的时间一致性，其次是调查运动时序、心理健康和残疾方面的群体差异，以及这些因素之间可能存在的相关性。56 名参与者（包括 28 名 NSCLBP 患者和 28 名无症状受试者 (AS)）完成了腰部屈曲和定时起床（TUG）任务。NSCLBP 患者在这两项任务中都表现出明显的时间不协调，执行动作的速度比想象的慢，而 AS 仅在 TUG 任务中表现出不协调。与强直性脊柱炎患者相比，NSCLBP 患者想象和执行腰部屈曲动作所需的时间也更长，同时还观察到执行延迟、更高的残疾程度和对运动的更大恐惧之间存在相关性。研究结果表明，NSCLBP 患者缺乏时间一致性，尤其是在腰部屈曲方面，这强调了慢性疼痛、运动能力和心理因素之间的复杂关系。这些结果表明，针对认知和情绪方面的综合治疗方法对于控制 NSCLBP 至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Separating the FN400 and N400 event-related potential components in masked word priming 分离掩蔽词引物中的 FN400 和 N400 事件相关电位成分

IF 2.2 3区心理学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Brain and Cognition

Pub Date : 2024-10-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2024.106226

P. Andrew Leynes, Yashvi Verma, Alexandra Santos

Masked word repetition (priming) increases “old” responses on an episodic recognition test, which has been attributed to more fluent target processing. Such results hinge on comparisons to a control prime that is “fluency-neutral”. A common practice is to use unrelated word primes for this purpose when some evidence suggests that they actually decrease target word processing fluency (disfluency). ERP and behavioral measures were collected in three experiments that used non-letter symbols as a fluency-neutral control and match primes to increase processing fluency. Experiment 1 compared unrelated word primes and orthographically dissimilar nonword primes to determine whether these primes cause disfluency. Experiment 2 contrasted orthographically dissimilar and similar nonword primes. Experiment 3 examined semantically related primes to test theoretical predictions derived from Experiments 1 and 2. All three experiments provide evidence that the FN400 and N400 are distinct ERP components because many primes altered only one of the components. Relative to the control condition, match (Exps 1 & 2) and semantic primes selectively affected N400 amplitudes, whereas unrelated word primes and orthographically dissimilar nonword primes selectively affected FN400 amplitudes. The Unexpected Fluency Attribution model (Mecklinger & Bader, 2020) provides a framework for understanding the cognitive processes associated with each ERP component.

遮蔽的单词重复（引物）会增加外显识别测试中的 "旧 "反应，这被归因于更流畅的目标处理。这种结果取决于与 "流畅性中性 "的对照质点的比较。通常的做法是为此目的使用不相关的词素，但有证据表明这些词素实际上会降低目标词处理的流畅性（不流畅性）。我们在三项实验中收集了 ERP 和行为测量结果，这些实验使用非字母符号作为流畅性中性对照，并使用匹配预设来提高处理流畅性。实验 1 比较了不相关的单词预设和正字法不同的非单词预设，以确定这些预设是否会导致语言不流畅。实验 2 对比了正字法上不同的非词引物和相似的非词引物。实验 3 检验了语义相关的词素，以验证实验 1 和 2 的理论预测。所有三个实验都证明了 FN400 和 N400 是不同的 ERP 成分，因为许多预示只改变其中一个成分。相对于对照条件，匹配（实验 1 和 2）和语义引物选择性地影响 N400 波幅，而不相关的单词引物和正字法不同的非单词引物选择性地影响 FN400 波幅。意外流畅性归因模型（Mecklinger 和 Bader，2020 年）为理解与每个 ERP 成分相关的认知过程提供了一个框架。

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引用次数: 0

Exploring spontaneous brain activity changes in high-altitude smokers: Insights from ALFF/fALFF analysis 探索高海拔吸烟者的自发大脑活动变化：从 ALFF/fALFF 分析中获得启示。

IF 2.2 3区心理学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Brain and Cognition

Pub Date : 2024-10-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2024.106223

Qingqing Lv , Chunxiao Bu , Hui Xu , Xijuan Liang , Longyao Ma , Weijian Wang , Zhen Ma , Meiying Cheng , Shifang Tan , Ning Zheng , Xin Zhao , Lin Lu , Yong Zhang

Introduction

This study aims to explore the impact of smoking on intrinsic brain activity among high-altitude (HA) populations. Smoking is associated with various neural alterations, but it remains unclear whether smokers in HA environments exhibit specific neural characteristics.

Methods

We employed ALFF and fALFF methods across different frequency bands to investigate differences in brain functional activity between high-altitude smokers and non-smokers. 31 smokers and 31 non-smokers from HA regions participated, undergoing resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) scans. ALFF/fALFF values were compared between the two groups. Correlation analyses explored relationships between brain activity and clinical data.

Results

Smokers showed increased ALFF values in the right superior frontal gyrus (R-SFG), right middle frontal gyrus (R-MFG), right anterior cingulate cortex (R-ACC), right inferior frontal gyrus (R-IFG), right superior/medial frontal gyrus (R-MSFG), and left SFG compared to non-smokers in HA. In sub-frequency bands (0.01–0.027 Hz and 0.027–0.073 Hz), smokers showed increased ALFF values in R-SFG, R-MFG, right middle cingulate cortex (R-MCC), R-MSFG, Right precentral gyrus and L-SFG while decreased fALFF values were noted in the right postcentral and precentral gyrus in the 0.01–0.027 Hz band. Negative correlations were found between ALFF values in the R-SFG and smoking years.

Conclusion

Our study reveals the neural characteristics of smokers in high-altitude environments, highlighting the potential impact of smoking on brain function. These results provide new insights into the neural mechanisms of high-altitude smoking addiction and may inform the development of relevant intervention measures.

简介本研究旨在探讨吸烟对高海拔（HA）人群大脑内在活动的影响。吸烟与各种神经改变有关，但目前仍不清楚高海拔环境中的吸烟者是否表现出特定的神经特征：方法：我们采用了不同频段的 ALFF 和 fALFF 方法来研究高海拔吸烟者和非吸烟者大脑功能活动的差异。来自高海拔地区的 31 名吸烟者和 31 名非吸烟者接受了静息态功能磁共振成像（rs-fMRI）扫描。对两组的 ALFF/fALFF 值进行了比较。相关分析探讨了大脑活动与临床数据之间的关系：结果：与HA中的非吸烟者相比，吸烟者右额叶上回（R-SFG）、右额叶中回（R-MFG）、右扣带回前皮层（R-ACC）、右额叶下回（R-IFG）、右额叶上/中回（R-MSFG）和左SFG的ALFF值均有所增加。在亚频段（0.01-0.027 Hz 和 0.027-0.073 Hz），吸烟者在 R-SFG、R-MFG、右扣带回中层（R-MCC）、R-MSFG、右侧中央前回和 L-SFG 中的 ALFF 值增加，而在 0.01-0.027 Hz 频段，右侧中央后回和中央前回的 fALFF 值减少。R-SFG的ALFF值与吸烟年限呈负相关：我们的研究揭示了高海拔环境中吸烟者的神经特征，突出了吸烟对大脑功能的潜在影响。这些结果为研究高海拔地区吸烟成瘾的神经机制提供了新的视角，可为制定相关干预措施提供参考。

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引用次数: 0

Relationship between punishment sensitivity and risk-taking propensity 惩罚敏感性与冒险倾向之间的关系

IF 2.2 3区心理学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Brain and Cognition

Pub Date : 2024-09-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2024.106222

Jie Zhao , Rong Zhang , Tingyong Feng

Previous research has shown that, in both laboratory and real-world contexts, punishment sensitivity is associated with lower risk-taking propensity. The neural underpinnings of the association between punishment sensitivity and risk-taking, however, remain largely unknown. To address this issue, we implemented resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) and voxel-based morphometry (VBM) methodologies to investigate the neural basis of their relationship in the current study (N=594). The behavioral results confirmed a negative association between punishment sensitivity and risk-taking propensity, which supports the hypothesis. The VBM results demonstrated a positive correlation between punishment sensitivity and gray matter volume in the right orbitofrontal cortex (ROFC). Furthermore, the results of the RSFC analysis revealed that the functional connectivity between ROFC and the right medial temporal gyrus (RMTG) was positively associated with punishment sensitivity. Notably, mediation analysis demonstrated that punishment sensitivity acted as a complete mediator in the influence of ROFC-RMTG functional connectivity on risk-taking. These findings suggest that ROFC-RMTG functional connectivity may be the neural basis underlying the effect of punishment sensitivity on risk-taking propensity, which provides a new perspective for understanding the relationship between punishment sensitivity and risk-taking propensity.

以往的研究表明，在实验室和现实世界中，惩罚敏感性都与较低的冒险倾向有关。然而，惩罚敏感性与冒险倾向之间关联的神经基础在很大程度上仍是未知的。为了解决这个问题，我们在本研究中采用了静息态功能连接（RSFC）和体素形态测量（VBM）方法来研究它们之间关系的神经基础（N=594）。行为学结果证实，惩罚敏感性与冒险倾向之间存在负相关，这支持了假设。VBM 结果表明，惩罚敏感性与右侧眶额皮层（ROFC）的灰质体积呈正相关。此外，RSFC 分析结果显示，右侧眶额叶皮层和右侧颞内侧回（RMTG）之间的功能连接与惩罚敏感性呈正相关。值得注意的是，中介分析表明，惩罚敏感性在ROFC-RMTG功能连接对冒险行为的影响中起着完全中介的作用。这些发现表明，ROFC-RMTG功能连接可能是惩罚敏感性影响冒险倾向的神经基础，这为理解惩罚敏感性与冒险倾向之间的关系提供了一个新的视角。

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引用次数: 0

Connectome-based prediction modeling of cognitive control using functional and structural connectivity 利用功能和结构连接性建立基于连接组的认知控制预测模型

IF 2.2 3区心理学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Brain and Cognition

Pub Date : 2024-09-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2024.106221

Qiuyu Lv , Xuanyi Wang , Xiang Wang , Sheng Ge , Pan Lin

Background

Cognitive control involves flexibly configuring mental resources and adjusting behavior to achieve goal-directed actions. It is associated with the coordinated activity of brain networks, although it remains unclear how both structural and functional brain networks can predict cognitive control. Connectome-based predictive modeling (CPM) is a powerful tool for predicting cognitive control based on brain networks.

Methods

The study used CPM to predict cognitive control in 102 healthy adults from the UCLA Consortium for Neuropsychiatric Phenomics dataset and further compared structural and functional connectome characteristics that support cognitive control.

Results

Our results showed that both structural (r values 0.263–0.375) and functional (r values 0.336–0.503) connectomes can significantly predict individuals’ cognitive control subcomponents. There is overlap between the functional and structural networks of all three cognitive control subcomponents, particularly in the frontoparietal (FP) and motor (Mot) networks, while each subcomponent also has its own unique weight prediction network. Overall, the functional and structural connectivity that supports different cognitive control subcomponents manifests overlapping and distinct spatial patterns.

Conclusions

The structural and functional connectomes provide complementary information for predicting cognitive control ability. Integrating information from both connectomes offers a more comprehensive understanding of the neural underpinnings of cognitive control.

背景认知控制涉及灵活配置心理资源和调整行为，以实现目标导向的行动。它与大脑网络的协调活动有关，但目前仍不清楚大脑结构和功能网络如何预测认知控制。结果我们的研究结果表明，结构性（r值为0.263-0.375）和功能性（r值为0.336-0.503）连通组都能显著预测个体的认知控制子组件。所有三个认知控制子成分的功能和结构网络之间存在重叠，尤其是在顶叶前部（FP）和运动（Mot）网络中，同时每个子成分也有自己独特的权重预测网络。总体而言，支持不同认知控制子组件的功能和结构连接表现出重叠和独特的空间模式。综合这两个连接组的信息，可以更全面地了解认知控制的神经基础。

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引用次数: 0

Unlike overt movement, motor imagery cannot update internal models 与公开运动不同，运动图像无法更新内部模型。

IF 2.2 3区心理学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Brain and Cognition

Pub Date : 2024-09-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2024.106219

Juliet M. Rowe , Shaun G. Boe

In overt movement, internal models make predictions about the sensory consequences of a desired movement, generating the appropriate motor commands to achieve that movement. Using available sensory feedback, internal models are updated to allow for movement adaptation and in-turn better performance. Whether internal models are updated during motor imagery, the mental rehearsal of movement, is not well established. To investigate internal modelling during motor imagery, 66 participants were exposed to a leftwards prism shift while performing actual pointing movements (physical practice; PP), imagined pointing movements (motor imagery; MI), or no pointing movements (control). If motor imagery updates internal models, we hypothesized that aftereffects (pointing in the direction opposite the prism shift) would be observed in MI, like that of PP, and unlike that of control. After prism exposure, the magnitude of aftereffects was significant in PP (4.73° ± 1.56°), but not in MI (0.34° ± 0.96°) and control (0.34° ± 1.04°). Accordingly, PP differed significantly from MI and control. Our results show that motor imagery does not update internal models, suggesting that it is not a direct simulation of overt movement. Furthering our understanding of the mechanisms that underlie learning through motor imagery will lead to more effective applications of motor imagery.

在公开运动中，内部模型会对所需运动的感官后果进行预测，并生成适当的运动指令以实现该运动。利用现有的感官反馈，内部模型得到更新，以适应运动，进而取得更好的成绩。运动想象是对运动的心理预演，在运动想象过程中内部模型是否会更新尚未得到充分证实。为了研究运动想象过程中的内部模型，66 名参与者在进行实际指向动作（身体练习；PP）、想象指向动作（运动想象；MI）或不进行指向动作（对照组）时，受到了向左棱镜移动的影响。如果运动想象能更新内部模型，我们假设在运动想象中会观察到后效（指向与棱镜移动相反的方向），这与物理练习的后效相同，而与对照组的后效不同。三棱镜照射后，后视效应的幅度在多巴（4.73° ± 1.56°）中显著，而在密歇根（0.34° ± 0.96°）和对照（0.34° ± 1.04°）中则不显著。因此，PP 与 MI 和对照组有显著差异。我们的研究结果表明，运动想象不会更新内部模型，这表明运动想象并不是对公开运动的直接模拟。进一步了解通过运动想象进行学习的机制将有助于更有效地应用运动想象。

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