Brain and Cognition最新文献_第6页

The effect of chronic pain on memory: A systematic review and meta-analysis exploring the impact of nociceptive, neuropathic and nociplastic pain 慢性疼痛对记忆的影响：一项系统回顾和荟萃分析，探讨伤害性、神经性和伤害性疼痛的影响

IF 2.2 3区心理学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Brain and Cognition

Pub Date : 2025-05-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106305

Kate Kelly , Emily Keohane , Gemma Davy

Chronic pain is becoming increasingly prevalent in modern society. Much research to date has focused on the physical symptoms of pain associated with various conditions, yet living with chronic pain is also known to impact an individual’s cognition. Within cognition, memory is particularly vulnerable to outside factors, yet our understanding of the impact of chronic pain on memory is inconclusive. This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the association between chronic pain type and memory performance. Chronic pain samples were classified as nociceptive, neuropathic or nociplastic and were compared to healthy controls. Studies were sourced from Embase, Web of Science, MEDLINE, PubMed, PsycINFO, Scopus and CINAHL databases between December 2023 and July 2024. A total of 15 good – strong studies with 1865 participants were included (106 who experienced chronic nociceptive pain, 315 who experienced chronic neuropathic pain, 589 who experienced chronic nociplastic pain and 855 healthy controls). Results indicated that individuals with nociceptive and nociplastic pain had impaired short-term and long-term memory performance compared to healthy controls. The same was not true for individuals with neuropathic pain. These findings demonstrate that the type of pain one experiences impacts memory performance. This has profound implications both clinically and with regard to research and offers a new lens for how we can consider chronic pain when trying to understand the impact on cognition.

慢性疼痛在现代社会变得越来越普遍。迄今为止，许多研究都集中在与各种疾病相关的疼痛的身体症状上，然而慢性疼痛也会影响个人的认知。在认知中，记忆特别容易受到外界因素的影响，但我们对慢性疼痛对记忆的影响的理解尚无定论。这项系统回顾和荟萃分析研究了慢性疼痛类型和记忆表现之间的关系。慢性疼痛样本被分类为伤害性、神经性或伤害性，并与健康对照进行比较。研究来源于Embase、Web of Science、MEDLINE、PubMed、PsycINFO、Scopus和CINAHL数据库，时间为2023年12月至2024年7月。共纳入15项强效研究，共1865名参与者（106名经历过慢性伤害性疼痛，315名经历过慢性神经性疼痛，589名经历过慢性伤害性疼痛，855名健康对照）。结果表明，与健康对照相比，患有伤害性和伤害性疼痛的个体的短期和长期记忆表现受损。对于患有神经性疼痛的人来说，情况并非如此。这些发现表明，一个人经历的疼痛类型会影响记忆表现。这对临床和研究都有深远的影响，并为我们在试图理解慢性疼痛对认知的影响时如何考虑慢性疼痛提供了一个新的视角。

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引用次数: 0

Socioeconomic deprivation, brain morphology, and body fat among children and adolescents 儿童和青少年的社会经济剥夺、大脑形态和体脂

IF 2.2 3区心理学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Brain and Cognition

Pub Date : 2025-05-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106315

Anting Yang , Hui Jing Lu , Lei Chang

Given mounting literature linking environmental adversity with neurobiological alterations, other evidence has shown association between excess adiposity and attenuated brain development, leading to our current question of how the developing brain interacts with change in body composition in response to environmental challenges. Using data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD®) Study, we conducted mediation analyses and demonstrated that socioeconomic deprivation (SED) was associated with lower total brain and cortical volumes via the mediation of higher waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), and that WHtR likewise mediated the association of SED with global brain structures. The prefrontal structures showed region- and direction-specific pathways, with bilateral superior and middle frontal gyrus being most consistently related with WHtR in addition to the impact of SED. These findings reveal a functional trade-off between brain development and fat deposition in response to environmental deprivation, and may have implications for understanding neurocognitive and somatic development among children and adolescents in different socioeconomic contexts.

鉴于越来越多的文献将环境逆境与神经生物学改变联系起来，其他证据表明过度肥胖与大脑发育迟缓之间存在关联，这导致了我们当前的问题，即发育中的大脑如何与身体成分的变化相互作用，以应对环境挑战。利用青少年大脑认知发展（ABCD®）研究的数据，我们进行了中介分析，并证明社会经济剥夺（SED）通过较高的腰高比（WHtR）与较低的大脑和皮质总体积相关，并且WHtR同样介导了SED与整体大脑结构的关联。前额叶结构显示区域和方向特异性通路，除了SED的影响外，双侧额上回和中回与WHtR的关系最为一致。这些发现揭示了大脑发育和脂肪沉积之间的功能权衡，以应对环境剥夺，并可能对理解不同社会经济背景下儿童和青少年的神经认知和躯体发育具有启示意义。

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引用次数: 0

Cognitive efficiency and expertise-dependent automaticity in the working memory performance of bilinguals 双语者工作记忆表现中的认知效率和专业依赖自动性

IF 2.2 3区心理学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Brain and Cognition

Pub Date : 2025-05-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106308

Federico Gallo , Liliia Terekhina , Jubin Abutalebi , Yury Shtyrov , Andriy Myachykov

The concepts of cognitive efficiency (CE) and expertise-dependent automaticity are central to the understanding of cognitive adaptations related to bilingual experiences. This study examined their behavioral manifestations in bilingual young adults by manipulating the cognitive load of a working memory task; the possibility to manipulate the difficulty of a cognitive task is necessary to observe behavioral outcomes associated with CE and automaticity. To this end, participants completed an n-back task ranging in difficulty from 0-back to 3-back, with the 3-back condition being commonly recognized as being a highly cognitively demanding one. We aimed to determine whether degree of bilingual experience could predict performance outcomes – accuracy, reaction times, and the speed/accuracy tradeoff – reflecting bilingualism’s putative dynamic impact on CE and automaticity in working memory. The results showed a positive relationship between degree of bilingual experience and working memory performance, particularly when the task-induced cognitive load increased. More experienced bilinguals demonstrated a smaller decline in performance when task difficulty intensified, a behavioral manifestation compatible with increased CE. Additionally, a relationship with expertise-dependent automaticity emerged, with the speed/accuracy tradeoff trajectory unfolding differentially across varying task difficulties at different degrees of bilingual experience.

认知效率（CE）和专业知识依赖自动性的概念是理解与双语经验相关的认知适应的核心。本研究通过操纵工作记忆任务的认知负荷，考察了双语青年的行为表现；操纵认知任务难度的可能性对于观察与自我认知和自动性相关的行为结果是必要的。为此，参与者完成了难度从0回到3回的n回任务，3回条件通常被认为是一种高度认知要求的任务。我们的目的是确定双语经验程度是否可以预测表现结果——准确性、反应时间和速度/准确性权衡——反映双语对工作记忆中CE和自动性的假设动态影响。结果表明，双语体验程度与工作记忆表现呈正相关，特别是当任务诱发的认知负荷增加时。当任务难度增加时，经验丰富的双语者表现出较小的表现下降，这一行为表现与CE增加相一致。此外，在不同程度的双语经验下，不同任务难度下的速度/准确性权衡轨迹呈现出差异，这与专业依赖型自动性之间存在关系。

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引用次数: 0

Letter identification and spatial localization during visual working memory are enabled by unique sequences of stimulus-dependent neural operations 视觉工作记忆中的字母识别和空间定位是由独特的刺激依赖神经操作序列实现的

IF 2.2 3区心理学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Brain and Cognition

Pub Date : 2025-05-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106302

Mckenzie Haller , Hope Nyarady , Thomas J. Covey

Working memory (WM) is often conceptualized as consisting of a supervisory central executive and the short-term storage of information over a brief period of time. In the present study, we examined the sequence of neural operations that are engaged for visual-verbal and visual-spatial information during demanding WM performance. Participants completed verbal and spatial 3-back tasks (visually presented stimuli), and event-related potentials (ERPs) were obtained for task performance. There was enhancement of anterior N1/posterior P1, P2, P3, and late anterior negative (400+ msec post-stimulus) component amplitude for the spatial compared to verbal 3-back task. We interpret these effects as reflecting spatial orienting (N1/P1, P2 effects) and updating of stimulus location during WM (anterior P3, late negativity effects). In contrast, the verbal compared to spatial 3-back task exhibited enhancement of an anterior P150/posterior N150 component, frontal N2 amplitude, a broader P3 component morphology with posterior localization, and a late anterior positivity/posterior negativity (550+ msec). We interpret these effects as reflecting identification of letter features (anterior P150/posterior N150), stimulus conflict monitoring (N2 effect), stimulus categorization (posterior P3 effect), and rehearsal/updating over the retention interval (late positivity/posterior negativity). These ERP effects likely reflect activity of the distinct ventral and dorsal visual processing streams associated with verbal/object and spatial information.

工作记忆（WM）通常被概念化为由一个监督的中央执行机构和在短时间内对信息的短期存储组成。在本研究中，我们研究了在高要求的WM表现中参与视觉-语言和视觉-空间信息的神经操作序列。被试完成了语言和空间3-back任务（视觉呈现刺激），并获得了任务表现的事件相关电位（erp）。与言语3-back任务相比，空间任务的前N1/后P1、P2、P3和前晚期负分量振幅（刺激后400+ msec）增强。我们将这些效应解释为在WM过程中反映了空间定向（N1/P1， P2效应）和刺激位置的更新（前P3，后期负性效应）。与空间3-back任务相比，言语任务表现出P150/ N150前分量增强、N2额幅增强、P3分量形态更宽、后定位增强、前正/后负延迟增强（550+ msec）。我们将这些效应解释为反映字母特征的识别（前P150/后N150），刺激冲突监测（N2效应），刺激分类（后P3效应），以及在保留间隔内的排练/更新（后积极/后消极）。这些ERP效应可能反映了与语言/物体和空间信息相关的不同的腹侧和背侧视觉处理流的活动。

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引用次数: 0

IF 2.2 3区心理学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Brain and Cognition

Pub Date : 2025-04-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106301

Julie D. Henry , Sarah P. Coundouris , Izelle Labuschagne , Kirra Liu , Simon J. Haines , Sarah A. Grainger , Juan F. Domínguez , Alex Puckett , Peter G. Rendell , Jessica Taubert

Prospective memory refers to memory for future intentions. In general, prospective memory appears to decline with age when tested in laboratory settings but is preserved or enhanced when tasks need to be completed in daily life. No study to date has tested whether age-related differences in specific brain structures and networks mediate prospective memory age effects in both settings. Here, measures of regional brain volume (anterior prefrontal cortex, frontoparietal networks, and temporal lobes), white matter integrity (prefrontal white matter hypointensities) and prospective memory were obtained from 41 younger and 41 older adults. The results showed that, as expected, older age was associated with smaller regional brain volumes, as well as poorer prefrontal white matter integrity. In addition, age was negatively associated with prospective memory function in the laboratory-based assessment, but positively associated with performance on the task completed in daily life. However, none of these behavioural effects were mediated by age-related differences in neural integrity. These data show that, in contrast to literature focused on neurodegenerative disease in which neural losses have been shown to be predictive of PM impairment, age-related differences in brain integrity may not be the best indicator of normal variation in prospective memory function.

前瞻记忆是指对未来意图的记忆。一般来说，在实验室环境中进行测试时，前瞻记忆似乎随着年龄的增长而下降，但在日常生活中需要完成任务时，前瞻记忆会得到保留或增强。到目前为止，还没有研究测试过两种情况下，特定大脑结构和网络的年龄相关差异是否会介导前瞻记忆的年龄效应。在这里，测量了41名年轻人和41名老年人的区域脑容量（前额叶前部皮层、额顶叶网络和颞叶）、白质完整性（前额叶白质低密度）和前瞻性记忆。结果表明，正如预期的那样，年龄越大，脑区域容量越小，前额叶白质完整性越差。此外，在实验室评估中，年龄与前瞻记忆功能呈负相关，但与日常生活中完成的任务表现呈正相关。然而，这些行为影响都不是由与年龄相关的神经完整性差异介导的。这些数据表明，与关注神经退行性疾病的文献相反，神经丧失已被证明可预测PM损伤，与年龄相关的脑完整性差异可能不是前瞻性记忆功能正常变化的最佳指标。

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引用次数: 0

The protective role of education in white matter lesions and cognitive decline 教育对白质病变和认知能力下降的保护作用

IF 2.2 3区心理学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Brain and Cognition

Pub Date : 2025-04-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106304

Odelia Elkana , Iman Beheshti , for the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative

Cognitive reserve, often reflected by education, may protect against cognitive decline linked to brain pathology. White matter lesions (WMLs), common in aging, are associated with the progression from healthy cognitive status (HC) to mild cognitive impairment (MCI). This study explores education’s role, as a proxy for cognitive reserve, in moderating the relationship between WML burden and the HC to MCI transition. Data from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) were analyzed for 153 cognitively healthy adults. Participants were divided into two groups: one (n = 85) remained cognitively healthy for at least seven years, while the other (n = 68) progressed to MCI. WML volumes were assessed using MRI scans and analyzed with linear regression models including age, sex, and an intraction term between group status and education to examine moderation effects. Both WM-hyper and WM-hypo showed a similar pattern across analyses. A significant interaction between group and education for both WML types (WM-hyper: β = -0.097, p = 0.047; WM-hypo: β = -0.070, p = 0.037) was found, suggesting that among individuals who progressed to MCI, higher education was associated with lower WML burden.This suggest that education plays a protective role against white matter pathology among individuals at risk for cognitive impairment.

认知储备，通常反映在教育中，可以防止与脑部病理有关的认知能力下降。白质病变（WMLs）在衰老中常见，与从健康认知状态（HC）到轻度认知障碍（MCI）的进展有关。本研究探讨了教育作为认知储备的代理，在调节WML负担与HC向MCI转变之间的关系中所起的作用。来自阿尔茨海默病神经影像学倡议（ADNI）的数据分析了153名认知健康的成年人。参与者被分为两组：一组（n = 85）保持认知健康至少7年，而另一组（n = 68）进展为轻度认知障碍。使用MRI扫描评估WML体积，并使用线性回归模型进行分析，包括年龄、性别和群体地位与教育之间的交互项，以检查调节效应。在整个分析中，WM-hyper和WM-hypo都显示出相似的模式。两种WML类型的组与教育之间存在显著的交互作用(WM-hyper: β = -0.097, p = 0.047；发现WM-hypo: β = -0.070, p = 0.037)，表明在进展为MCI的个体中，高等教育与较低的WML负担相关。这表明，在有认知障碍风险的个体中，教育对白质病理起着保护作用。

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引用次数: 0

Negative life events during early adolescence are associated with neural deactivation to emotional stimuli 青少年早期的负面生活事件与神经对情绪刺激的失活有关

IF 2.2 3区心理学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Brain and Cognition

Pub Date : 2025-04-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106303

Mizan Gaillard , Scott A. Jones , Dakota Kliamovich , Arturo Lopez Flores , Bonnie J. Nagel

Negative life events (NLEs) have been shown to perturb neurodevelopment and are correlated with poor mental health outcomes in adolescence, the most common period of psychopathology onset. Emotion regulation is a critical component of psychological response to NLEs and interacts, neurobiologically and behaviorally, with working memory. This study leveraged an emotional n-back task to examine how NLEs influence emotion- and working memory-related brain activation using data from 2150 youth in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study. Greater incidence of NLEs was associated with less activation in the amygdala and more pronounced deactivation in other limbic and frontal brain regions previously implicated in emotion-related cognition; however, this association was present only during emotion processing conditions of the task. While NLEs were not significantly associated with task performance in the final sample, behavioural analyses including youth excluded for low task accuracy and poor neuroimaging data quality showed a significant negative association between NLEs and overall task performance. While behavioural findings across the entire sample support prior work, somewhat incongruent with prior literature, imaging results may suggest that during early adolescence the effects of negative experiences on patterns of neural activation are specific to contexts necessitating emotion processing.

负面生活事件（NLEs）已被证明会扰乱神经发育，并与青春期（精神病理发病最常见的时期）的不良心理健康结果相关。情绪调节是NLEs心理反应的重要组成部分，并与工作记忆在神经生物学和行为上相互作用。本研究利用青少年大脑认知发展（ABCD）研究中的2150名青少年的数据，利用情感n-back任务来研究NLEs如何影响与情绪和工作记忆相关的大脑激活。NLEs的发生率越高，杏仁核的激活程度越低，先前与情绪相关认知有关的其他大脑边缘和额叶区域的失活程度越明显；然而，这种关联仅在任务的情绪处理条件下存在。虽然在最后的样本中，NLEs与任务表现没有显著关联，但行为分析（包括因任务准确性低和神经成像数据质量差而被排除在外的青少年）显示，NLEs与整体任务表现之间存在显著的负相关。虽然整个样本的行为研究结果支持先前的工作，但与先前的文献有些不一致，但成像结果可能表明，在青春期早期，负面经历对神经激活模式的影响是特定于需要情绪处理的环境的。

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引用次数: 0

Exercise, brain and cognition interaction in humans 人类运动，大脑和认知的相互作用

IF 2.2 3区心理学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Brain and Cognition

Pub Date : 2025-04-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106299

Terry McMorris, Chong Chen

引用次数: 0

Semantic predictability and semantic relevance through different neural mechanisms to improve memory performance 语义可预测性和语义相关性通过不同的神经机制提高记忆性能

IF 2.2 3区心理学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Brain and Cognition

Pub Date : 2025-04-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106300

Jiaojian Dai , Peipeng Liang , Xiaohuan Li , Jingwei Zhang , Liuqing Tian , Xinrui Mao , Chunyan Guo

Previous studies have shown that semantic predictability and semantic relevance enhance the semantic activation of target words and improve memory performance. However, it is unclear whether semantic predictability and semantic relevance affect memory performance through the same neural mechanisms. The present study examined how semantic processing of semantic predictability and semantic relevance during encoding affects episodic memory retrieval. In our experiments (Experiment 1: item recognition; Experiment 2: associative recognition), we compared behavioral and EEG indicators across true (predictable), invalid (unpredictable but semantically relevant), and anomalous (unpredictable and semantically irrelevant) conditions. In both experiments, memory performance was best in the true condition. In Experiment 1, the old/new effect of FN400 was observed in the invalid condition, while the old/new effect of LPC was observed in the true condition. In Experiment 2, the old/new effects of FN400 and LPC were observed in the invalid condition. In the true condition, only the old/new effect of LPC was observed. These results suggest that semantic predictability and semantic relevance influence FN400 and LPC in different ways. These findings demonstrate that there are differences between semantic predictability and semantic relevance in retrieving information.

已有研究表明，语义可预测性和语义关联增强了目标词的语义激活，提高了记忆性能。然而，语义可预测性和语义相关性是否通过相同的神经机制影响记忆性能尚不清楚。本研究考察了编码过程中语义可预见性和语义相关性的语义加工对情景记忆提取的影响。在我们的实验中(实验1：项目识别；实验2：联想识别)，我们比较了真实（可预测），无效（不可预测但语义相关）和异常（不可预测和语义无关）条件下的行为和EEG指标。在两个实验中，真实条件下的记忆表现最好。实验1在无效条件下观察FN400的新旧效应，在真实条件下观察LPC的新旧效应。实验2在无效条件下观察FN400和LPC的新旧效应。在真实条件下，只观察到LPC的新旧效应。这些结果表明，语义可预测性和语义相关性以不同的方式影响FN400和LPC。这些研究结果表明，语义可预测性和语义相关性在信息检索中存在差异。

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引用次数: 0

Corticospinal suppression in response to pics with implied hand actions: A follow up TMS study 暗含手部动作的图片对皮质脊髓抑制的反应：一项后续的经颅磁刺激研究

IF 2.2 3区心理学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Brain and Cognition

Pub Date : 2025-04-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106298

Riccardo Dalla Volta , Francesco Scarfone , Dario Brambilla , Roberto Esposti , Paolo Cavallari

Presentation of bodily actions is known to affect motor system activity in perceivers’ brain. A previous study (Gianelli, Kuehne, Lo Presti, Mencaraglia & Dalla Volta, 2020) employing hand-tool interaction with apparent motion showed early suppression of corticospinal excitability in hand muscles. To control for the role of apparent motion and to investigate the suppression duration, in the present follow up study participants observed pics displaying hand-tool actions, with no apparent motion but only implied motion. Single pulse TMS was delivered on the hand sector of the left motor cortex at 1 s after fixation cross (baseline), at 150, 350, 500 and 700 ms from stimulus onset, while motor evoked potentials (MEPs) were recorded from the contralateral first dorsal interosseus muscle. Results showed a difference in MEP amplitude between hand action-related and control pics where hand action observation suppressed corticospinal excitability, suggesting early and enduring motor inhibition. In addition, MEP amplitude decreased over time. These findings rule out a necessary role of apparent motion, indicating that the simple presentation of hand actions with implied motion effectively induced motor inhibition. Corticospinal suppression may act to prevent the motor system from automatically transforming observed actions into overt movements whenever an action is observed.

已知身体动作的呈现会影响感知者大脑中的运动系统活动。先前的一项研究（Gianelli, Kuehne, Lo Presti， Mencaraglia等）；Dalla Volta, 2020)利用手-工具与表观运动的相互作用显示手部肌肉皮质脊髓兴奋性的早期抑制。为了控制表观运动的作用和研究抑制持续时间，在本研究中，参与者观察了显示手工具动作的图片，没有表观运动，只有隐含运动。分别在固定交叉后1 s（基线）、刺激开始后150、350、500和700 ms对左运动皮层手部部位进行单脉冲TMS，同时记录对侧第一背骨间肌的运动诱发电位（MEPs）。结果显示，手动作相关图和对照图的MEP振幅存在差异，其中手动作观察抑制了皮质脊髓兴奋性，提示早期和持久的运动抑制。此外，MEP振幅随时间减小。这些发现排除了明显运动的必要作用，表明简单的手部动作的暗示运动有效地诱导了运动抑制。皮质脊髓抑制可以防止运动系统在观察到动作时自动将观察到的动作转化为明显的动作。

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引用次数: 0