Brain and Cognition最新文献_第7页

Cognitive reserve in young-onset cognitive impairment 认知储备在年轻认知障碍中的作用

IF 2.2 3区心理学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Brain and Cognition

Pub Date : 2025-04-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106297

Chiara Carbone , Riccardo Maramotti , Erica Balboni , Daniela Beltrami , Daniela Ballotta , Roberta Bedin , Chiara Gallingani , Manuela Tondelli , Simone Salemme , Federico Gasparini , Giulia Vinceti , Alessandro Marti , Annalisa Chiari , Luca Nocetti , Giuseppe Pagnoni , Giovanna Zamboni

Cognitive reserve (CR) reflects brain’s resilience to pathology, enabling to maintain function despite structural damage. This study investigates its role in young-onset cognitive impairment (<65 years) beyond brain integrity and neurodegeneration. Participants underwent neuropsychological assessment – including the Cognitive Reserve Index questionnaire (CRIq) –, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and blood neurofilaments light-chain (NfLs) measurement. Scores of global cognition and domain-specific cognition were derived from Principal Component Analyses of neuropsychological results. Linear regression models estimated CR’s contribution to global and domain-specific cognition, alongside age, sex, MRI measures, and NfLs as predictors. Among the 115 participants, global cognition was significantly explained by CR [effect size (ES) = 0.229], grey matter volume (ES = 0.348), and NfLs (ES = −0.302). The effect of CR was prominent on language and attentional-executive functions: while the CRIq subscore related to education predicted performance in both these domains, the subscore related to leisure activities was positively associated with the language domain only. These findings highlight CR’s protective role in young-onset cognitive impairment, particularly for non-amnestic cognitive domains. Since a high CR can mask or compensate for neurological cognitive disorders delaying its diagnosis, our results suggest that measures of CR, including time spent on leisure activities, should be considered when interpreting neuropsychological tests.

认知储备（CR）反映了大脑对病理的恢复能力，使大脑在结构损伤的情况下仍能保持功能。本研究探讨了它在年轻发病的认知障碍（65岁）中除了脑完整性和神经变性之外的作用。参与者接受了神经心理学评估，包括认知储备指数问卷（CRIq）、磁共振成像（MRI）和血液神经丝轻链（NfLs）测量。整体认知和特定领域认知的得分由神经心理学结果的主成分分析得出。线性回归模型估计了CR对整体和特定领域认知的贡献，以及年龄、性别、MRI测量和nfl作为预测因子。在115名参与者中，整体认知被CR[效应量(ES) = 0.229]、灰质体积（ES = 0.348）和nfl （ES = - 0.302）显著解释。CR对语言和注意执行功能的影响是显著的：虽然与教育相关的CRIq分值预测了这两个领域的表现，但与休闲活动相关的分值仅与语言领域呈正相关。这些发现强调了CR在年轻发病的认知障碍中的保护作用，特别是在非遗忘性认知领域。由于高CR可以掩盖或补偿延迟其诊断的神经认知障碍，我们的研究结果表明，在解释神经心理学测试时应考虑CR的测量，包括休闲活动的时间。

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引用次数: 0

Consistency of affective responses to naturalistic stimuli across individuals using intersubject correlation analysis based on neuroimaging data 利用基于神经影像数据的受试者间相关分析，分析不同个体对自然刺激的情感反应的一致性

IF 2.2 3区心理学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Brain and Cognition

Pub Date : 2025-04-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106295

Junhyeok Jang, Jongwan Kim

In this study, we utilized functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data obtained for naturalistic emotional stimuli to examine the consistency of neural responses among participants in specific regions related to valence. We reanalyzed fMRI data from 17 participants as they watched episodes of “Sherlock” and used emotional ratings from 125 participants. To determine regions where neural response patterns were synchronized across participants based on the pattern of valence changes, intersubject correlation analysis was conducted. As a validation analysis, multidimensional scaling was conducted to investigate emotional representation for significant regions of interest. The results revealed increased neural synchrony in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, bilateral superior frontal cortex, left posterior cingulate cortex, thalamus, right anterior cingulate cortex, and bilateral inferior frontal cortices during the presentation of positive scenes. Also, the bilateral superior temporal gyrus and bilateral medial temporal gyrus exhibited increased neural synchrony as negative scenes were presented. Moreover, the left inferior frontal cortex and right superior frontal gyrus were found to be engaged in emotion representation and display increased neural synchrony. These findings provide insights into the differential neural responses to emotionally evocative naturalistic stimuli as compared to conventional experimental stimuli. Also, this study highlights the future potential for using intersubject correlation analysis for examining consistency of neural responses to naturalistic stimuli.

在这项研究中，我们利用在自然情绪刺激下获得的功能磁共振成像（fMRI）数据，研究了参与者在与情绪相关的特定区域中神经反应的一致性。我们重新分析了 17 名参与者观看《神探夏洛克》剧集时的 fMRI 数据，并使用了 125 名参与者的情绪评分。为了根据情绪变化模式确定不同参与者神经反应模式同步的区域，我们进行了受试者间相关分析。作为验证分析，还进行了多维缩放，以研究重要兴趣区域的情绪表征。结果显示，在呈现积极场景时，腹内侧前额叶皮层、双侧额叶上皮层、左侧扣带回后皮层、丘脑、右侧扣带回前皮层和双侧额叶下皮层的神经同步性增加。此外，在出现消极场景时，双侧颞上回和双侧颞内侧回的神经同步性也有所提高。此外，研究还发现左侧额叶下皮层和右侧额叶上回参与了情绪表征，并表现出更高的神经同步性。与传统的实验性刺激相比，这些研究结果提供了对唤起情绪的自然性刺激的不同神经反应的见解。此外，这项研究还强调了使用受试者间相关分析来研究神经对自然刺激反应一致性的未来潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Consistent neural representation of valence in encoding and recall 效价在编码和回忆中的一致神经表征

IF 2.2 3区心理学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Brain and Cognition

Pub Date : 2025-03-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106296

Hyeonjung Kim, Jongwan Kim

Recall is an act of elicitation of emotions similar to those emotions previously experienced. Unlike the past experiences where external sensory stimuli triggered emotions, recall does not require external sensory stimuli. This difference is pertinent to the key debate in affective representation, addressing whether the representation of valence is consistent across modalities (modality-general) or dependent on modalities (modality-specific). This study aimed to verify neural representations of valence between encoding and recall. Using neuroimaging data from movie watching and recall (Chen et al., 2017) and behavioral data for valence ratings (Kim et al., 2020), a searchlight analysis was conducted with cross-participant regression-based decoding between movie watching and recall. Multidimensional scaling was employed as a validation analysis of the results from searchlight analysis. The searchlight analysis revealed the right middle temporal and inferior temporal gyrus as well as the left fusiform gyrus. The validation analysis further exhibited significant consistent neural representations of valence in the inferior temporal gyrus and the left fusiform gyrus. This study identified the brain regions where valence is consistently represented between encoding and recall about real events. These findings contribute to debate in affective representations, by comparing conditions utilized little in prior, suggesting the inferior temporal gyrus relates to representations of valence during encoding and recalling natural events.

回忆是一种唤起与以前经历过的情绪相似的情绪的行为。与过去的经历不同，外部感官刺激触发情绪，回忆不需要外部感官刺激。这种差异与情感表征中的关键争论有关，即效价表征是跨模态（一般模态）一致还是依赖于模态（特定模态）。本研究旨在验证效价在编码和回忆之间的神经表征。利用电影观看和回忆的神经成像数据（Chen et al., 2017）和效价评分的行为数据（Kim et al., 2020），在电影观看和回忆之间进行了基于交叉参与者回归的解码的探照灯分析。采用多维尺度对探照灯分析结果进行验证分析。探照灯分析显示右侧颞中回和颞下回以及左侧梭状回。验证分析进一步显示价态在颞下回和左梭状回的神经表征具有显著的一致性。这项研究确定了在真实事件的编码和回忆之间，效价一致的大脑区域。通过比较先前很少使用的条件，这些发现有助于对情感表征的争论，表明下颞回与编码和回忆自然事件期间的价态表征有关。

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引用次数: 0

On the biphasic nature of the N400-P600 complex underlying language comprehension 论N400-P600复杂底层语言理解的双相性

IF 2.2 3区心理学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Brain and Cognition

Pub Date : 2025-03-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106293

Francesca Delogu , Christoph Aurnhammer , Harm Brouwer , Matthew W. Crocker

The ERP literature on language comprehension reveals variability in observing monophasic N400 versus biphasic N400-P600 effects in response to incongruent input, with the reasons for this inconsistency remaining unclear. Two interrelated factors may contribute: spatiotemporal overlap between the N400 and P600, where a strong N400-effect can obscure the P600, and the P600’s sensitivity to depth of processing, as determined by the experimental setting. Building on previous findings reporting monophasic N400-effects with plausibility judgments, we investigated whether comprehension questions, encouraging more natural reading and deeper processing of the full content, would elicit a biphasic effect, suggesting reduced component overlap in such settings. Using a design fully crossing lexical association and plausibility, we found that the N400 is modulated by association and the P600 by plausibility. Crucially, a biphasic pattern emerged for implausible and unrelated words, suggesting a mitigation of component overlap compared to previous studies employing plausibility judgments. We interpret the results in light of current accounts of the N400 and P600, arguing that the empirical evidence strongly supports single-stream over multi-stream models. Importantly, our findings highlight the critical role of both component overlap and task demands in shaping the data that inform the development and evaluation of theoretical models.

语言理解方面的ERP文献揭示了在观察单相N400和双相N400- p600对不一致输入的反应时的差异，但这种不一致的原因尚不清楚。两个相互关联的因素可能起作用：N400和P600之间的时空重叠，其中强烈的N400效应会掩盖P600，以及P600对加工深度的敏感性，这是由实验设置决定的。基于先前关于单相n400效应与合理性判断的研究结果，我们研究了理解问题，鼓励更自然的阅读和对完整内容的更深入的处理，是否会引起双相效应，这表明在这种情况下减少了组件重叠。使用完全交叉词汇关联和似然性的设计，我们发现N400受关联调节，P600受似然性调节。至关重要的是，对于不可信和不相关的词，出现了双相模式，这表明与之前使用可信性判断的研究相比，成分重叠有所减轻。我们根据N400和P600的当前账户来解释结果，认为经验证据强烈支持单流而不是多流模型。重要的是，我们的研究结果强调了组件重叠和任务需求在塑造数据方面的关键作用，这些数据为理论模型的发展和评估提供了信息。

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引用次数: 0

Word perception and upper-lower visual field asymmetries 词语感知和上下视野不对称

IF 2.2 3区心理学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Brain and Cognition

Pub Date : 2025-03-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106294

Deborah J. Serrien, Louise O’Regan

Left-hemispheric lateralisation generally associates with superiority of language processing, facilitated by specialist representational and attentional influences, albeit characterised by individual differences due to handedness. In this research, we examine perceptual processing of linguistic input in left- and right-handers, and assess lateral asymmetries in the vertical dimension that is embedded within upper-lower visual fields. We use a behavioural design with presentation of bilateral stimuli (upper or lower) visual field locations during match and mismatch conditions. The data revealed that both groups were more successful in the upper than lower visual field. However, left- as compared to right-handers demonstrated increased processing in these locations, indicating beneficial effects that point to stronger perceptual responsiveness. The observations are indicative of intrinsic cross-hemispheric biases as well as acquired patterns due to perceptuo-motor experiences. In addition, hand and eye preference facilitated responses in bilateral upper visual field locations. The findings propose intricate connections between manual and attentional control with perceptual asymmetries that are steered by dedicated mechanisms. In conclusion, the data illustrate that hand and eye preference act as mediators that guide responding to visual input within the environment.

左半球偏侧化通常与语言处理的优势有关，由专业的代表性和注意力影响促进，尽管由于利手性而存在个体差异。在这项研究中，我们研究了左撇子和右撇子对语言输入的感知处理，并评估了上下视野中嵌入的垂直维度的横向不对称。我们使用了一种行为设计，在匹配和不匹配条件下呈现双侧刺激（上或下）视野位置。数据显示，两组人的上视野比下视野更成功。然而，与右撇子相比，左撇子在这些部位的处理能力有所增加，这表明有利的影响指向更强的感知反应。这些观察结果表明了内在的跨半球偏差以及由于感知运动经验而获得的模式。此外，手和眼偏好促进了双侧上视野位置的反应。研究结果表明，手工和注意力控制与知觉不对称之间存在复杂的联系，知觉不对称是由专门的机制控制的。总之，这些数据表明，手和眼睛的偏好作为媒介，指导在环境中对视觉输入的反应。

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引用次数: 0

Providing an alternative explanation improves misinformation rejection and alters event-related potentials during veracity judgements 提供另一种解释可以提高对错误信息的拒绝，并改变真实性判断过程中与事件相关的潜力

IF 2.2 3区心理学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Brain and Cognition

Pub Date : 2025-03-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106290

Sean Guo , Danni Chen , Xiaoqing Hu

The continued influence effect of misinformation (CIE) occurs when misinformation affects memory and decision making even after correction. Here, we examined the neurocognitive processes underlying the correction and subsequent veracity judgements of misinformation. Employing electroencephalography (EEG), we examined event-related potentials (ERPs): the P300 during encoding of corrections, and the P300 and FN400 during subsequent veracity judgement. We compared ERPs between three conditions: misinformation that was retracted (retraction only), misinformation that was retracted with a correct alternative cause provided (retraction + alternative), and true information that was later confirmed (confirmation). Results showed that alternatives reduced the CIE significantly. During veracity judgements, the retraction + alternative condition exhibited a higher P300 than the retraction only condition, suggesting enriched recollection processes when re-encountering misinformation if an alternative explanation existed. In contrast, both retraction only and retraction + alternative conditions elicited a less negative FN400 compared to the confirmation condition, suggesting higher conceptual processing fluency of misinformation. Moreover, we found that greater levels of P300 when encoding retraction and alternative causes in the retraction + alternative condition were associated with improved veracity judgement accuracy. Together, these findings suggested that when providing an alternative cause in correcting misinformation, both recollection and encoding processes contributed to reduced CIE.

错误信息的持续影响效应（CIE）发生在错误信息在纠正后仍然影响记忆和决策的情况下。在这里，我们研究了错误信息的纠正和随后的真实性判断背后的神经认知过程。利用脑电图（EEG），我们检测了事件相关电位（ERPs）：更正编码期间的P300，以及随后准确性判断期间的P300和FN400。我们比较了三种情况下的erp：撤回的错误信息（仅撤回），撤回的错误信息提供了正确的替代原因（撤回+替代），以及后来确认的真实信息（确认）。结果表明，替代方案显著降低了CIE。在真实性判断中，撤稿+备选条件比仅撤稿条件表现出更高的P300，这表明如果存在备选解释，当再次遇到错误信息时，记忆过程会更丰富。与确认条件相比，单纯撤回条件和撤回+替代条件均能诱发更低的负性FN400，表明错误信息的概念加工流畅性更高。此外，我们还发现，当编码撤回和替代原因时，在撤回+替代条件下，更高水平的P300与准确性判断准确度的提高有关。总之，这些发现表明，当提供纠正错误信息的另一种原因时，回忆和编码过程都有助于降低CIE。

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引用次数: 0

Repeatability of facial emotion processing over 12 weeks in healthy participants 健康参与者面部情绪处理的可重复性超过12周

IF 2.2 3区心理学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Brain and Cognition

Pub Date : 2025-03-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106283

Jane B. Allendorfer , Adam M. Goodman , M. David Diggs , Caroline G. Byington , Rodolphe Nenert , Gabriella C. Taylor , Krista Tocco , Rachel Underwood , Stephen Correia , W. Curt LaFrance Jr. , Jerzy P. Szaflarski

Few studies have assessed influences of mood state on facial emotion processing changes. We examined if the repeatability of fMRI facial emotional processing in healthy participants (HCs) is affected by mood state changes and hypothesized that fMRI activation would be stable but may be influenced by mood state fluctuations. In a multi-site study, thirty-two HCs underwent emotion faces task (EFT) fMRI and completed a post-scan facial emotion rating and the Profile of Mood States (POMS) ∼ 12 weeks apart. FMRI data were processed using AFNI software. POMS and behavioral data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA and the sign test, as appropriate. Paired-samples t-tests, covarying for site, assessed fMRI responses for facial emotions (Happy, Fearful, Sad, Neutral) and Arousal. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) examined repeatability of POMS and fMRI responses; regression analyses examined relationships between mood changes and fMRI activations. There were no significant differences between visits in POMS, EFT performance or post-scan ratings accuracy. POMS scores were stable (ICC ≥ 0.74). FMRI activation exhibited repeatability that was fair or better (ICC ≥ 0.4). EFT activation changes were not significantly related to mood state changes. Our results provide evidence for acceptable EFT fMRI test–retest reliability over 12 weeks, without significant influence of mood state variability.

很少有研究评估情绪状态对面部情绪加工变化的影响。我们研究了健康参与者（hc）的fMRI面部情绪处理的重复性是否受到情绪状态变化的影响，并假设fMRI激活是稳定的，但可能受到情绪状态波动的影响。在一项多地点研究中，32名hc接受了情绪面孔任务（EFT）功能磁共振成像（fMRI），并间隔约12周完成了扫描后的面部情绪评分和情绪状态概况（POMS）。FMRI数据采用AFNI软件处理。采用重复测量方差分析和符号检验对POMS和行为数据进行分析。配对样本t检验，共变地点，评估面部情绪（快乐，恐惧，悲伤，中性）和觉醒的fMRI反应。类内相关系数（ICC）检测POMS和fMRI反应的重复性；回归分析检验了情绪变化和功能磁共振成像激活之间的关系。两组在POMS、EFT表现和扫描后评分准确性方面无显著差异。POMS评分稳定（ICC≥0.74）。FMRI激活表现出一般或更好的重复性（ICC≥0.4）。EFT激活变化与情绪状态变化无显著相关。我们的结果为12周内EFT - fMRI测试-重测可靠性提供了可接受的证据，没有显著的情绪状态变异性影响。

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引用次数: 0

Adherence to 24-hour activity cycle and a whole brain volumetric approach in adolescence: A cross-sectional study – The Cogni-Action project 青少年坚持24小时活动周期和全脑容量方法：一项横断面研究-认知-行动项目

IF 2.2 3区心理学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Brain and Cognition

Pub Date : 2025-02-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106282

Carlos Cristi-Montero , Javier Sanchez-Martinez , Juan Pablo Espinoza-Puelles , Ricardo Martinez-Flores , Sam Hernandez-Jaña

Background

While adherence to the WHO 24-hour movement guidelines has been linked to improved health outcomes, its relationship with brain morphology remains underexplored, particularly in understudied populations such as Latin American adolescents.

Methods

This cross-sectional study examined brain morphology in 58 Chilean adolescents using structural T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging. Brain volumes, including total gray matter, cortical, subcortical, hippocampal, and amygdala regions, were analyzed. Adherence to moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sleep guidelines was assessed via accelerometry, while screen time was self-reported. Linear regression models were used to explore associations between guideline adherence and brain volumes, with p-values corrected using the FDR method.

Results

Independently, most adolescents met only the screen time guideline (55 %), while fewer met sleep duration (12 %) or MVPA based on the sample-specific cutoff (27 %), with none meeting the international MVPA criterion. In combination, only 9 % adhered to both sleep and screen time recommendations, and no participants met all three guidelines. Notably, only adherence to screen time recommendations showed a trend-level association with lower total gray matter, cortical, subcortical, hippocampal, and amygdala volumes (FDR p-value < 0.100).

Conclusion

This study suggests that adolescents’ daily habits—screen time, physical activity, and sleep—have complex relationships with brain development, which may sometimes diverge from expected patterns, as seen in the case of meeting screen time guidelines. As the first study conducted in Latin American adolescents, these suggests proposes that the relationship between these behaviors and brain development may differ from what has been reported in high-income countries, highlighting the need for further research in diverse socioeconomic and cultural contexts.

虽然遵守世卫组织24小时运动指南与改善健康状况有关，但其与大脑形态学的关系仍未得到充分探讨，特别是在拉丁美洲青少年等研究不足的人群中。方法采用结构t1加权磁共振成像技术对58例智利青少年的脑形态进行了横断面研究。分析脑容量，包括总灰质、皮质、皮质下、海马和杏仁核区域。通过加速度计评估对中高强度体育活动（MVPA）和睡眠指南的依从性，而屏幕时间则是自我报告的。使用线性回归模型探索指南依从性与脑容量之间的关系，并使用FDR方法校正p值。结果独立来看，大多数青少年仅符合屏幕时间指南（55%），而较少符合睡眠时间（12%）或基于样本特定截止值的MVPA(27%)，没有人符合国际MVPA标准。总的来说，只有9%的人同时遵守了睡眠和看屏幕时间的建议，没有参与者同时满足这三项建议。值得注意的是，只有遵守屏幕时间建议与较低的灰质、皮层、皮层下、海马和杏仁核总体积呈趋势水平相关(FDR p值<；0.100)。本研究表明，青少年的日常习惯——屏幕时间、身体活动和睡眠——与大脑发育有着复杂的关系，有时可能会偏离预期模式，就像在符合屏幕时间指南的情况下所看到的那样。作为在拉丁美洲青少年中进行的第一项研究，这些研究表明，这些行为与大脑发育之间的关系可能与高收入国家的报道有所不同，强调需要在不同的社会经济和文化背景下进行进一步研究。

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引用次数: 0

Cognitive shifts in pain perception under moral enhancement conditions: Evidence from an EEG study 道德增强条件下疼痛感知的认知转变：来自脑电图研究的证据

IF 2.2 3区心理学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Brain and Cognition

Pub Date : 2025-02-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106273

He Wang , Yifei Zhong , Shuyu Jia , Yujia Meng , Xiaohua Bian , XiuJun Zhang , Yingjie Liu

In social life, empathy and morality are often viewed as inseparable and mutually reinforcing. Pain empathy is a key form of empathy, and understanding how social moral factors affect pain empathy is an important challenge. This study uses various EEG analysis methods to explore the cognitive and neural mechanisms by which moral enhancement affects pain empathy. Behavioral results showed significantly higher ratings for painful stimuli compared to non-painful ones. ERP analysis revealed that, under moral enhancement, pain stimuli elicited more negative N1 amplitudes and more positive P3 amplitudes. Time-frequency analysis indicated that moral enhancement inhibited theta band activity in response to painful stimuli. Functional connectivity analysis showed stronger connections in the frontal, right temporal, and occipital regions under moral enhancement and in the frontal, right temporal, and parietal regions when viewing painful stimuli. Additionally, machine learning results indicated that functional connections between the right temporal and parietal regions have significant negative predictive power for moral enhancement during painful stimuli. This study reveals the complex effects of moral enhancement on pain-related stimuli, demonstrating that it not only increases adaptability to pain but also enhances moral judgment, offering new insights into the interaction between moral cognition and emotional responses with significant theoretical and practical implications.

在社会生活中，同理心和道德常常被认为是不可分割、相辅相成的。疼痛共情是共情的一种重要形式，理解社会道德因素如何影响疼痛共情是一个重要的挑战。本研究采用多种脑电图分析方法，探讨道德增强影响疼痛共情的认知和神经机制。行为学结果显示，与非疼痛刺激相比，疼痛刺激的评分明显更高。ERP分析显示，在道德增强条件下，疼痛刺激诱发更多的负N1波幅和正P3波幅。时间-频率分析表明，道德增强抑制了疼痛刺激下的θ波活动。功能连通性分析显示，在道德增强时，大脑额叶、右颞叶和枕叶区域的连接更强；在观看痛苦刺激时，大脑额叶、右颞叶和顶叶区域的连接更强。此外，机器学习结果表明，在痛苦刺激期间，右颞叶和顶叶区域之间的功能连接对道德增强具有显著的负预测能力。本研究揭示了道德增强对疼痛相关刺激的复杂影响，表明道德增强不仅增强了对疼痛的适应性，而且增强了道德判断，为道德认知与情绪反应的相互作用提供了新的见解，具有重要的理论和实践意义。

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引用次数: 0

Analyzing the effects of high autistic traits on neural markers of learning and memory: An EEG approach analysis 分析高自闭症特征对学习和记忆神经标记的影响：脑电图方法分析

IF 2.2 3区心理学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Brain and Cognition

Pub Date : 2025-02-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2025.106271

Ellis M. Parsons, Mathew R. Hammerstrom, Anya Nazaroff, Mckinley Kemp, Patrick Montgomery, Sarah Macoun, Olave E. Krigolson

Objective

A body of electroencephalographic (EEG) research demonstrates that executive functioning (EF) differences exist in autistic people. Here, we aimed to investigate how and to what extent these EF differences appear in people with high autistic traits in contrast to a low autistic traits comparison.

Methods

The present study used a series of EEG markers (frontal theta power, frontal beta power, the reward positivity ERP component, and the P300 ERP component) to examine potential differences in EF over the course of gambling and oddball tasks. Qualitative research measures to include the perspectives of the autistic people who took part in the study were also used.

Results

While frontal theta and beta power differed between groups, we observed no significant component or correlational differences. However, it was found that high autistic traits participants perceived their task performance as worse than low autistic traits participants despite task performance being equal across groups.

Conclusions

EF differences as measured by frontal theta and beta power were observed across groups. Self-perception of task performance may differ in high autistic traits participants when asked to complete tasks under a time constraint.

目的大量脑电图（EEG）研究表明自闭症患者执行功能（EF）存在差异。在这里，我们的目的是研究这些EF差异是如何以及在多大程度上出现在具有高自闭症特征的人群中，而不是在具有低自闭症特征的人群中。方法采用一系列EEG标记（额叶θ波功率、额叶β波功率、奖励正性ERP分量和P300 ERP分量）检测赌博和古怪任务过程中EF的潜在差异。定性研究也包括了参与研究的自闭症患者的观点。结果两组间额叶θ和β功率存在差异，但未见显著成分差异或相关差异。然而，高自闭症特征的参与者认为他们的任务表现比低自闭症特征的参与者差，尽管两组的任务表现相同。结论通过额叶θ和β功率测量各组间的sef差异。当被要求在一定时间内完成任务时，高自闭症特征的参与者对任务表现的自我感知可能会有所不同。

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引用次数: 0