Aline Dos, Jorge Luiz de, Tiago Miguel, M. Vasconcelos
Testou-se o meio cristal violeta pectato (CVP) para isolar e quantificar bacterias do genero Pectobacterium na agua de irrigacao de hortalicas, em tres locais de Colonia Murici, Parana. Amostras de agua foram coletadas ao longo de um ano, em dois reservatorios (“B” e “C”) e uma nascente. Preparou-se o meio CVP adaptado (pectina citrica no lugar de pectina de sodio), que foi testado com isolado padrao de Pectobacterium carotovorum. As amostras foram inoculadas, com 15 repeticoes, e incubadas a 28oC por 10 dias; posteriormente se realizaram a contagem das colonias e repicagem. A concentracao (UFC ml−1) nas amostras foi calculada com a media obtida de 15 microgotas. Obtiveram-se 83 isolados de bacterias pectoliticas, e 21 foram testados quanto a patogenicidade em frutos de pimentao; nenhum apresentou sintoma de podridao mole. O fator de maior influencia na quantidade de bacterias foi a precipitacao acumulada sete dias antes da coleta, sendo o reservatorio “B” o que evidenciou maior correlacao. O meio CVP adaptado permitiu isolar e quantificar Pectobacterium spp. em agua de irrigacao de hortalicas, ao nivel de deteccao de 5.10−1. As amostras e o periodo analisados apresentaram baixo risco de contaminacao das hortalicas pela agua de irrigacao.
{"title":"Isolamento e quantificação de Pectobacterium spp. em água de irrigação utilizando meio cristal violeta pectato","authors":"Aline Dos, Jorge Luiz de, Tiago Miguel, M. Vasconcelos","doi":"10.21726/ABC.V7I3.138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21726/ABC.V7I3.138","url":null,"abstract":"Testou-se o meio cristal violeta pectato (CVP) para isolar e quantificar bacterias do genero Pectobacterium na agua de irrigacao de hortalicas, em tres locais de Colonia Murici, Parana. Amostras de agua foram coletadas ao longo de um ano, em dois reservatorios (“B” e “C”) e uma nascente. Preparou-se o meio CVP adaptado (pectina citrica no lugar de pectina de sodio), que foi testado com isolado padrao de Pectobacterium carotovorum. As amostras foram inoculadas, com 15 repeticoes, e incubadas a 28oC por 10 dias; posteriormente se realizaram a contagem das colonias e repicagem. A concentracao (UFC ml−1) nas amostras foi calculada com a media obtida de 15 microgotas. Obtiveram-se 83 isolados de bacterias pectoliticas, e 21 foram testados quanto a patogenicidade em frutos de pimentao; nenhum apresentou sintoma de podridao mole. O fator de maior influencia na quantidade de bacterias foi a precipitacao acumulada sete dias antes da coleta, sendo o reservatorio “B” o que evidenciou maior correlacao. O meio CVP adaptado permitiu isolar e quantificar Pectobacterium spp. em agua de irrigacao de hortalicas, ao nivel de deteccao de 5.10−1. As amostras e o periodo analisados apresentaram baixo risco de contaminacao das hortalicas pela agua de irrigacao.","PeriodicalId":55336,"journal":{"name":"Bothalia","volume":"18 1","pages":"65-73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83981816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Adeilza Felipe Sampaio, Alexandre Eduardo Depine Oliveira, Ricardo Teixeira Gregório de Andrade, Angelo Gilberto Mazatto
Considerando a grande carencia de trabalhos cientificos sobre as samambaias e licofitas do estado de Rondonia, o presente estudo foi desenvolvido com o intuito de contribuir com o conhecimento sobre a flora rondoniense. O trabalho faz parte do inventario floristico das epifitas e ervas da Grade PPBio Cunia e vem sendo desenvolvido desde 2010. Este manuscrito apresenta uma chave para identificacao e com tratamento taxonomico das especies da familia Aspleniaceae registradas na Estacao Ecologica do Cunia. Na area de estudo, Aspleniaceae foi representada por quatro especies (Asplenium angustum Sw., A. hallii Hooker, A. serratum L. e A. stuebelianum Hieron), das quais A. hallii e registrada como nova ocorrencia para o estado de Rondonia. Os especimes registrados sao epifitas de tronco de arvores ou palmeiras, ocorrendo em areas mais secas (parcelas de terra firme) e umidas (parcelas riparias). A. serratum foi a especie mais frequente.
考虑到隆多尼亚州蕨类植物和石竹的科学研究非常缺乏，本研究旨在为隆多尼亚植物区系的知识做出贡献。这项工作是PPBio Cunia网格附生植物和草本植物区系清单的一部分，自2010年以来一直在开发。本手稿提供了在Estacao Ecologica do Cunia登记的Aspleniaceae科物种的鉴定和分类处理的关键。在研究区域，Aspleniaceae以4种(Asplenium angustum Sw.)为代表。A. hallii Hooker, A. serratum L.和A. stuebelianum Hieron)，其中A. hallii被记录为Rondonia州的新发现。记录的物种是树干附生植物或棕榈树，出现在干燥地区(陆地地块)和潮湿地区(河岸地块)。serratum是最常见的种。
{"title":"Aspleniaceae (Polypodiales) da Estação Ecológica do Cuniã, Porto Velho, Estado de Rondônia, Brasil","authors":"Adeilza Felipe Sampaio, Alexandre Eduardo Depine Oliveira, Ricardo Teixeira Gregório de Andrade, Angelo Gilberto Mazatto","doi":"10.21726/ABC.V7I3.443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21726/ABC.V7I3.443","url":null,"abstract":"Considerando a grande carencia de trabalhos cientificos sobre as samambaias e licofitas do estado de Rondonia, o presente estudo foi desenvolvido com o intuito de contribuir com o conhecimento sobre a flora rondoniense. O trabalho faz parte do inventario floristico das epifitas e ervas da Grade PPBio Cunia e vem sendo desenvolvido desde 2010. Este manuscrito apresenta uma chave para identificacao e com tratamento taxonomico das especies da familia Aspleniaceae registradas na Estacao Ecologica do Cunia. Na area de estudo, Aspleniaceae foi representada por quatro especies (Asplenium angustum Sw., A. hallii Hooker, A. serratum L. e A. stuebelianum Hieron), das quais A. hallii e registrada como nova ocorrencia para o estado de Rondonia. Os especimes registrados sao epifitas de tronco de arvores ou palmeiras, ocorrendo em areas mais secas (parcelas de terra firme) e umidas (parcelas riparias). A. serratum foi a especie mais frequente.","PeriodicalId":55336,"journal":{"name":"Bothalia","volume":"19 1","pages":"28-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90357263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-01DOI: 10.15446/ABC.V25N3.79490
Bruna Santos Silva, Renato de Mello Prado, Alexander Calero Hurtado, Renata Aparecida de Andrade, Gilmara Pereira da Silva
Las altas concentraciones de amonio (NH 4 + ) pueden ejercer estres en las plantas cultivadas, lo que causa trastornos nutricionales y reduccion del crecimiento. Sin embargo, dependiendo de la intensidad del estres, este puede atenuarse mediante el silicio (Si). En este trabajo, se investigo la respuesta de la acumulacion de cationes y silicio y el crecimiento de plantas de papaya cultivadas en diferentes concentraciones toxicas de amonio independientemente de la presencia de silicio. El experimento se realizo en la Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), con plantulas de papaya, variedad Grupo Formosa (Calimosa hibrida 01), cultivadas en invernadero, en macetas de 1,7 dm 3 , rellenas con sustrato a base de fibra de pino y coco. El diseno experimental fue en bloques al azar, en esquema factorial 5×2, con cinco concentraciones de amonio 10, 20, 40, 80 y 100 mmol L -1 , en la ausencia y presencia de Si (2 mmol L -1 ), con cinco repeticiones. A los 31 dias posteriores del inicio de los tratamientos, se evaluo la acumulacion de calcio, magnesio, nitrogeno, potasio y silicio, altura de la planta, diametro del tallo y la materia seca de la raiz y los brotes. Los resultados revelaron que el aumento de la concentracion de amonio mostro toxicidad en plantas de papaya y una reduccion en la acumulacion de calcio, magnesio, potasio y silicio, la altura de la planta, diametro del tallo y la produccion de materia seca de raices y brotes, aunque el silicio este presente, con mayor afectacion en la materia seca de los brotes (87 %) que en las raices (13 %).
高浓度的氨(nh4 +)会对栽培植物造成压力，导致营养失调和生长减缓。然而，根据压力的强度，硅(Si)可以减轻压力。在这种情况下，硅是一种重要的有机化合物，因为它是一种重要的有机化合物，因为它是一种重要的有机化合物，因为它是一种重要的有机化合物，因为它是一种重要的有机化合物。本试验是在保利斯塔州立大学(UNESP)进行的，木瓜幼苗，福尔摩沙组(Calimosa hibrida 01)，在温室中生长，在1.7 dm 3的花盆中填充松树和椰子纤维基质。实验设计采用5×2因子随机区组设计，5种铵浓度分别为10、20、40、80和100 mmol L -1，无Si和有Si (2 mmol L -1)， 5个重复。处理开始后31 d，测定钙、镁、氮、钾、硅的积累、株高、茎粗、根、芽干物质。结果表明浓度锻炼增加铵表现出毒性植物的落差和木瓜在acumulacion硅、镁、钾、钙、头和处理厂,diametro高度负债的疫情根和干物质,虽然这个本,更多afectacion硅暴发的干物质(87)在根(13 %)。
{"title":"AMMONIA TOXICITY AFFECT CATIONS UPTAKE AND GROWTH IN PAPAYA PLANTS INCLUSIVE WITH SILICON ADDITION","authors":"Bruna Santos Silva, Renato de Mello Prado, Alexander Calero Hurtado, Renata Aparecida de Andrade, Gilmara Pereira da Silva","doi":"10.15446/ABC.V25N3.79490","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15446/ABC.V25N3.79490","url":null,"abstract":"Las altas concentraciones de amonio (NH 4 + ) pueden ejercer estres en las plantas cultivadas, lo que causa trastornos nutricionales y reduccion del crecimiento. Sin embargo, dependiendo de la intensidad del estres, este puede atenuarse mediante el silicio (Si). En este trabajo, se investigo la respuesta de la acumulacion de cationes y silicio y el crecimiento de plantas de papaya cultivadas en diferentes concentraciones toxicas de amonio independientemente de la presencia de silicio. El experimento se realizo en la Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), con plantulas de papaya, variedad Grupo Formosa (Calimosa hibrida 01), cultivadas en invernadero, en macetas de 1,7 dm 3 , rellenas con sustrato a base de fibra de pino y coco. El diseno experimental fue en bloques al azar, en esquema factorial 5×2, con cinco concentraciones de amonio 10, 20, 40, 80 y 100 mmol L -1 , en la ausencia y presencia de Si (2 mmol L -1 ), con cinco repeticiones. A los 31 dias posteriores del inicio de los tratamientos, se evaluo la acumulacion de calcio, magnesio, nitrogeno, potasio y silicio, altura de la planta, diametro del tallo y la materia seca de la raiz y los brotes. Los resultados revelaron que el aumento de la concentracion de amonio mostro toxicidad en plantas de papaya y una reduccion en la acumulacion de calcio, magnesio, potasio y silicio, la altura de la planta, diametro del tallo y la produccion de materia seca de raices y brotes, aunque el silicio este presente, con mayor afectacion en la materia seca de los brotes (87 %) que en las raices (13 %).","PeriodicalId":55336,"journal":{"name":"Bothalia","volume":"104 1","pages":"345-353"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83733342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-01DOI: 10.15446/ABC.V25N3.80387
Mayra Isabel De la Rosa Velázquez, A. Ruíz Luna
Los Servicios Ecosistemicos (SE) son bienes y servicios que la humanidad obtiene de la naturaleza y a los que se asigna valor ecologico, economico y social, aunque se ha brindado menor atencion al estudio de este ultimo. Esta deficiencia es mas notable en el caso de los humedales costeros, que proveen importantes SE, escasamente explorados desde la perspectiva social y espacial, pese a su pertinencia en la planificacion territorial. Para conocer el estado del arte relativo a la valoracion social de SE de humedales costeros y la importancia del analisis espacial en el proceso, se realizo una revision documental sistematica (2005-2018) que permitio observar una tendencia positiva en el numero de publicaciones , en especial en el ultimo trienio . Se identifico que el valor social carece de una definicion estandarizada y se ha enfocado a servicios sin valor de mercado, mientras que en lo relativo a dimension espacial, se encontro que esta se ha venido incorporando con esquemas de mapeo participativo, dirigido a determinar la accesibilidad a sitios de provision de SE y a la identificacion de sitios de valor social dentro de los humedales, sin que la produccion de mapas sea relevante. No se encontraron elementos para determinar si la valoracion social es complementaria o alternativa a la economica, pero se requiere crear un marco conceptual para la valoracion integral basado en la pluralidad de valores de los SE como una estrategia de conservacion de los humedales.
{"title":"VALORACIÓN SOCIAL DE LOS SERVICIOS ECOSISTÉMICOS DE HUMEDALES COSTEROS: ESTADO ACTUAL Y PERSPECTIVAS.","authors":"Mayra Isabel De la Rosa Velázquez, A. Ruíz Luna","doi":"10.15446/ABC.V25N3.80387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15446/ABC.V25N3.80387","url":null,"abstract":"Los Servicios Ecosistemicos (SE) son bienes y servicios que la humanidad obtiene de la naturaleza y a los que se asigna valor ecologico, economico y social, aunque se ha brindado menor atencion al estudio de este ultimo. Esta deficiencia es mas notable en el caso de los humedales costeros, que proveen importantes SE, escasamente explorados desde la perspectiva social y espacial, pese a su pertinencia en la planificacion territorial. Para conocer el estado del arte relativo a la valoracion social de SE de humedales costeros y la importancia del analisis espacial en el proceso, se realizo una revision documental sistematica (2005-2018) que permitio observar una tendencia positiva en el numero de publicaciones , en especial en el ultimo trienio . Se identifico que el valor social carece de una definicion estandarizada y se ha enfocado a servicios sin valor de mercado, mientras que en lo relativo a dimension espacial, se encontro que esta se ha venido incorporando con esquemas de mapeo participativo, dirigido a determinar la accesibilidad a sitios de provision de SE y a la identificacion de sitios de valor social dentro de los humedales, sin que la produccion de mapas sea relevante. No se encontraron elementos para determinar si la valoracion social es complementaria o alternativa a la economica, pero se requiere crear un marco conceptual para la valoracion integral basado en la pluralidad de valores de los SE como una estrategia de conservacion de los humedales.","PeriodicalId":55336,"journal":{"name":"Bothalia","volume":"140 1","pages":"403-413"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84030271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-01DOI: 10.15446/abc.v25n3.79489
Jaiberth Antonio Cardona Arias, Viviana Orleidy Palacios Mena, Kely Fernanda Dizu Calambas, Jenniffer Flórez Duque, Luis Felipe Higuita Gutiérrez
The objective of this study was toestimate the seropositivity of HIV and associated factors in donors of a blood bank in the city of Medellin- Colombia, 2005 - 2018. A cross-sectional study in 166 603 donors of the Blood Bank of the School of Microbiology. Estimates were based proportions and odds ratios with 95 % confidence intervals. The majority of donors were from the Aburra Valley, 50.2 % men, 65.4 % altruistic, 59.3 % first time and 81.2 % received outside the blood bank. The general seropositivity of HIV was 0.275 % (95 % CI = 0.25-0.30), the specific proportions were 0.324 % in men and 0.224 % in women; 0.299 % in donors with 18-40 years old and 0.212 % in the group of 41-6540 years old, and 0.333 % in donors of first-time, 0.213 % in non-repetitive and 0.149 % in repetitive donors. The conclusion was that the seropositivity of the infection was similar in comparison with previous investigations, with a significant decrease since 2013. The risk of infection was statistically higher in men, under 40 years and first-time donors. All this takes is important to know the baseline and evaluate prevention actions in the study population, guide etiological studies, and improve hemovigilance policies.
本研究的目的是估计2005年至2018年哥伦比亚麦德林市一家血库献血者的艾滋病毒血清阳性及相关因素。微生物学院血库166603名献血者的横断面研究。估计基于95%置信区间的比例和优势比。大多数献血者来自Aburra山谷，50.2%为男性，65.4%为利他者，59.3%为首次献血者，81.2%为非血库献血者。HIV一般血清阳性率为0.275% (95% CI = 0.25 ~ 0.30)，男性阳性率为0.324%，女性阳性率为0.224%;18-40岁献血者占0.299%，41-6540岁献血者占0.212%，首次献血者占0.333%，非重复献血者占0.213%，重复献血者占0.149%。结论:感染血清阳性与以往调查结果相似，自2013年以来明显下降。统计数据显示，40岁以下的男性和首次献血者感染的风险更高。所有这些对于了解研究人群的基线和评估预防措施，指导病因学研究以及改进血液警戒政策都很重要。
{"title":"SEROPREVALENCIA DE VIH Y FACTORES ASOCIADOS EN DONANTES DE UN BANCO DE SANGRE DE LA CIUDAD DE MEDELLÍN - COLOMBIA, 2005 – 2018","authors":"Jaiberth Antonio Cardona Arias, Viviana Orleidy Palacios Mena, Kely Fernanda Dizu Calambas, Jenniffer Flórez Duque, Luis Felipe Higuita Gutiérrez","doi":"10.15446/abc.v25n3.79489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15446/abc.v25n3.79489","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was toestimate the seropositivity of HIV and associated factors in donors of a blood bank in the city of Medellin- Colombia, 2005 - 2018. A cross-sectional study in 166 603 donors of the Blood Bank of the School of Microbiology. Estimates were based proportions and odds ratios with 95 % confidence intervals. The majority of donors were from the Aburra Valley, 50.2 % men, 65.4 % altruistic, 59.3 % first time and 81.2 % received outside the blood bank. The general seropositivity of HIV was 0.275 % (95 % CI = 0.25-0.30), the specific proportions were 0.324 % in men and 0.224 % in women; 0.299 % in donors with 18-40 years old and 0.212 % in the group of 41-6540 years old, and 0.333 % in donors of first-time, 0.213 % in non-repetitive and 0.149 % in repetitive donors. The conclusion was that the seropositivity of the infection was similar in comparison with previous investigations, with a significant decrease since 2013. The risk of infection was statistically higher in men, under 40 years and first-time donors. All this takes is important to know the baseline and evaluate prevention actions in the study population, guide etiological studies, and improve hemovigilance policies.","PeriodicalId":55336,"journal":{"name":"Bothalia","volume":"19 1","pages":"386-393"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84519193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-01DOI: 10.15446/abc.v25n3.78602
Yesica Patricia De La Rosa, Arturo Acero Pizarro, Rocío del Pilar García Urueña
The highhat, Pareques acuminatus , is a carnivorous, small sized species, with distribution in the western Atlantic from North Carolina and Bermuda to Brazil. Studies on the biology and ecology of P. acuminatus are scarce and in Colombia there is no previous research for this species. For this reason, this study focused on knowing the biology of the species and determining ecological aspects in order to expand its knowledge in the Colombian Caribbean. Captures of the species were made by freediving and visual fish censuses were taken on the habitat where it was observed. The morphometrics and meristics were taken, the reproductive phases identified and the partial fecundity estimated by the gravimetric method. A total of 85 individuals were collected with a TL between 33 and 185 mm (123.7 ± 36.3 mm) with individuals between 121-142 mm (42 %) as the more frequent, followed by 143-164 mm (20 %). There were 39 females, 34 males and 12 indeterminate juvenilespecimens. Females reach mature state with 118 mm TL, being an asynchronous species, with two reproductive phases (phase in development and phase capable of spawning). The estimated partial fecundity was 8744 ± 3900 oocytes, and the relative fecundity in relation to size was 64.15 ± 25.51 oocitos/mm with a diameter of 0.53 ± 0.04 mm. The highhat is a typical specie of shallow reef habitats, and was found mainly accompanied by Myripristis jacobus , Canthigaster rostrata , Haemulon steindachneri , H. flavolineatum , Stegastes partitus and Chromis multilineata .
{"title":"NOTAS SOBRE LA REPRODUCCIÓN, MORFOLOGÍA Y ECOLOGÍA DE Pareques acuminatus (TELEOSTEI: SCIAENIDAE), EN LA REGIÓN DE SANTA MARTA, CARIBE COLOMBIANO.","authors":"Yesica Patricia De La Rosa, Arturo Acero Pizarro, Rocío del Pilar García Urueña","doi":"10.15446/abc.v25n3.78602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15446/abc.v25n3.78602","url":null,"abstract":"The highhat, Pareques acuminatus , is a carnivorous, small sized species, with distribution in the western Atlantic from North Carolina and Bermuda to Brazil. Studies on the biology and ecology of P. acuminatus are scarce and in Colombia there is no previous research for this species. For this reason, this study focused on knowing the biology of the species and determining ecological aspects in order to expand its knowledge in the Colombian Caribbean. Captures of the species were made by freediving and visual fish censuses were taken on the habitat where it was observed. The morphometrics and meristics were taken, the reproductive phases identified and the partial fecundity estimated by the gravimetric method. A total of 85 individuals were collected with a TL between 33 and 185 mm (123.7 ± 36.3 mm) with individuals between 121-142 mm (42 %) as the more frequent, followed by 143-164 mm (20 %). There were 39 females, 34 males and 12 indeterminate juvenilespecimens. Females reach mature state with 118 mm TL, being an asynchronous species, with two reproductive phases (phase in development and phase capable of spawning). The estimated partial fecundity was 8744 ± 3900 oocytes, and the relative fecundity in relation to size was 64.15 ± 25.51 oocitos/mm with a diameter of 0.53 ± 0.04 mm. The highhat is a typical specie of shallow reef habitats, and was found mainly accompanied by Myripristis jacobus , Canthigaster rostrata , Haemulon steindachneri , H. flavolineatum , Stegastes partitus and Chromis multilineata .","PeriodicalId":55336,"journal":{"name":"Bothalia","volume":"9 1","pages":"374-385"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82958271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-01DOI: 10.15446/ABC.V25N3.77558
Gina Patricia Suárez Cáceres, Cristiano Adinolfi, Francisco Alejandro Sánchez Barrera
Cities have grown throughout the Andes and we know little about the ecology of those species that tolerate them, limiting our options to do conservation. We applied optimal foraging theory to examine the behavior of the Andean White-eared Opossum ( Didelphis pernigra ), in a suburban area in Bogota, Colombia. We used the giving-up density technique, which uses the amount of food left in a feeding patch, to evaluate whether the opossum’s foraging costs were affected by the height of food from the ground, and the quality and quantity of food. We also evaluated whether the spatial heterogeneity of the study site affected the opossum’s foraging. We used an artificial feeding patch to test these ideas. When food was either concentrated and, in less amount, (concentrated food) or diluted and more amount (diluted food), the opossums preferred to forage at 2 m than at 0.5 m, but concentrated food at 0.5 m was not significantly different from diluted food at 2 m. The opossums’ habitat use was affected by the spatial heterogeneity at the study site and animals preferred foraging along metal fences than on live fences made of trees. When a cable allowed connection between the metallic and live fences, the value of food patches at the live fence appeared to increase. Thus, although the opossums need resources associated with natural environments, our results suggest that there are human modifications that can benefit them, such as those that reduce the risk of predation and favor their mobility in suburban environments.
{"title":"FOOD SELECTION AND USE OF SPACE BY DIDELPHIS PERNIGRA (DIDELPHIDAE: MAMMALIA) IN AN ANDEAN SUBURBAN ENVIRONMENT","authors":"Gina Patricia Suárez Cáceres, Cristiano Adinolfi, Francisco Alejandro Sánchez Barrera","doi":"10.15446/ABC.V25N3.77558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15446/ABC.V25N3.77558","url":null,"abstract":"Cities have grown throughout the Andes and we know little about the ecology of those species that tolerate them, limiting our options to do conservation. We applied optimal foraging theory to examine the behavior of the Andean White-eared Opossum ( Didelphis pernigra ), in a suburban area in Bogota, Colombia. We used the giving-up density technique, which uses the amount of food left in a feeding patch, to evaluate whether the opossum’s foraging costs were affected by the height of food from the ground, and the quality and quantity of food. We also evaluated whether the spatial heterogeneity of the study site affected the opossum’s foraging. We used an artificial feeding patch to test these ideas. When food was either concentrated and, in less amount, (concentrated food) or diluted and more amount (diluted food), the opossums preferred to forage at 2 m than at 0.5 m, but concentrated food at 0.5 m was not significantly different from diluted food at 2 m. The opossums’ habitat use was affected by the spatial heterogeneity at the study site and animals preferred foraging along metal fences than on live fences made of trees. When a cable allowed connection between the metallic and live fences, the value of food patches at the live fence appeared to increase. Thus, although the opossums need resources associated with natural environments, our results suggest that there are human modifications that can benefit them, such as those that reduce the risk of predation and favor their mobility in suburban environments.","PeriodicalId":55336,"journal":{"name":"Bothalia","volume":"2 1","pages":"368-373"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90185314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-01DOI: 10.15446/abc.v25n3.80107
M. A. López-Luna, Armando H. Escobedo-Galván, Fabio Germán Cupul Magana
Kinosternon chimalhuaca(Jalisco Mud Turtle) is a kinosternid turtle endemic to Mexico. The previously recorded maximun carapace length (CL) is 160 mm in males and 130 mm in females. It has a small distribution range along the Pacific coast of Jalisco and Colima, Mexico, from the Rio Tuito in Jalisco to the Rio Cihuatlan in northwestern Colima. This new record in Puerto Vallarta, Jalisco, extends its distribution at least 32 km north from the northernmost known locality. A new maximun size (CL) for the species of 172.00 mm (one male) is recorded.
{"title":"Ampliación del ámbito geográfico y de la talla máxima de Kinosternon chimalhuaca (Testudines: Kinosternidae)","authors":"M. A. López-Luna, Armando H. Escobedo-Galván, Fabio Germán Cupul Magana","doi":"10.15446/abc.v25n3.80107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15446/abc.v25n3.80107","url":null,"abstract":"Kinosternon chimalhuaca(Jalisco Mud Turtle) is a kinosternid turtle endemic to Mexico. The previously recorded maximun carapace length (CL) is 160 mm in males and 130 mm in females. It has a small distribution range along the Pacific coast of Jalisco and Colima, Mexico, from the Rio Tuito in Jalisco to the Rio Cihuatlan in northwestern Colima. This new record in Puerto Vallarta, Jalisco, extends its distribution at least 32 km north from the northernmost known locality. A new maximun size (CL) for the species of 172.00 mm (one male) is recorded.","PeriodicalId":55336,"journal":{"name":"Bothalia","volume":"20 1","pages":"431-433"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84077510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Influenza is an important viral disease of worldwide distribution. It is caused by the Alfainfluenzavirus or influenza virus type A (IAV). A segmented ssRNA genome in the influenza viruses confers high variability and reassortment capability to the virus. That and the broad range of susceptible hosts, along with the possibility of inter-species transmission, represents a challenge to human and animal health. The IAV is able to infect a large variety of hosts such as several wild and domestic avian and mammalian species, including humans, as well as reptiles and amphibians, among others. There are 16 hemagglutinin (HA) and 9 neuraminidase (NA) subtypes recognized until know, whose main reservoir are the wild aquatic birds. In addition, two new subtypes (H17-18 and N10-11) have been recognized in bats, and these have been designated as influenza-like viruses. Taking this into account and knowing the richness of biodiversity in Colombia, there is an imperative need to study and to know about the IAV circulating in the field in order to establish risk factors and to analyze the past, the current and the future effect that climate change, sociodemographic factors and the role that different species could play in the eco-biology of this viral agent. This should be considered under the one health concept of influenza virus infection as a whole, considering the fact that Colombia is a country in which the circulation of IAV has been demonstrated in the swine and human population and there are preliminary results of the presence of Orthomyxovirus in bats.
{"title":"INFLUENZA REQUIERE UN MANEJO BAJO LA PERSPECTIVA DE “ONE HEALTH” EN COLOMBIA.","authors":"Manuel Uribe Soto, Arlen Patricia Gómez Ramírez, Gloria Consuelo Ramírez Nieto","doi":"10.15446/ABC.V25N3.79364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15446/ABC.V25N3.79364","url":null,"abstract":"Influenza is an important viral disease of worldwide distribution. It is caused by the Alfainfluenzavirus or influenza virus type A (IAV). A segmented ssRNA genome in the influenza viruses confers high variability and reassortment capability to the virus. That and the broad range of susceptible hosts, along with the possibility of inter-species transmission, represents a challenge to human and animal health. The IAV is able to infect a large variety of hosts such as several wild and domestic avian and mammalian species, including humans, as well as reptiles and amphibians, among others. There are 16 hemagglutinin (HA) and 9 neuraminidase (NA) subtypes recognized until know, whose main reservoir are the wild aquatic birds. In addition, two new subtypes (H17-18 and N10-11) have been recognized in bats, and these have been designated as influenza-like viruses. Taking this into account and knowing the richness of biodiversity in Colombia, there is an imperative need to study and to know about the IAV circulating in the field in order to establish risk factors and to analyze the past, the current and the future effect that climate change, sociodemographic factors and the role that different species could play in the eco-biology of this viral agent. This should be considered under the one health concept of influenza virus infection as a whole, considering the fact that Colombia is a country in which the circulation of IAV has been demonstrated in the swine and human population and there are preliminary results of the presence of Orthomyxovirus in bats.","PeriodicalId":55336,"journal":{"name":"Bothalia","volume":"33 1","pages":"421-430"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88319434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-01DOI: 10.15446/ABC.V25N3.78746
Jhon Felipe Sandoval Pineda, Urley Adrián Pérez, A. Rodríguez, E. T. Rojas
Arbuscular mycorrhizae fungi (AMF) are obligate symbionts present in rhizosphere of cocoa plants and their community diversity is modified depending on several factors, such as cadmium (Cd) presence in soil. AMF persistence on Cd natural enriched soils might be an indicator of their tolerance and their potential in biotechnological applications. In this research we characterized local AMF community structure present in cocoa rhizosphere soils with low (B-Cd: 0,1 mg kg -1 ) and high (A-Cd: 20,9 mg kg -1 ) natural Cd concentrations. AMF spore identification was carried out using taxonomic keys and their abundance, richness and diversity were determined in original samples and after multiplication process using onion trap cultures.AMF communities were compared using alpha and beta diversity indexes and principal component analysis (PCA). The results indicated that A-Cd presented significative lower values of abundance (21 %), richness (20 %) and diversity (11 %) of AMF morphospecies in comparison with B-Cd.Both AMF communities presented five of seven genera in common, but only four of 23 morphospecies described were found in two communities. Low similarity and turnover were found among AMF communities throughout beta diversity analysis and PCA.Dominance of Diversispora spurca , Rhizoglomus sp. and Claroideoglomus etunicatum in A-Cd suggests that these morphospecies are stress-tolerant and they are potential candidates for the development of mitigation strategies in cocoa plants under Cd stress.
丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)是存在于可可植物根际的专性共生体，其群落多样性受到多种因素的影响，如土壤中镉(Cd)的存在。AMF在天然富镉土壤上的持久性可能是其耐受性和生物技术应用潜力的一个指标。在本研究中，我们研究了低(B-Cd: 0.1 mg kg -1)和高(A-Cd: 20.9 mg kg -1)天然Cd浓度的可可根际土壤中存在的局部AMF群落结构。利用分类键对AMF孢子进行鉴定，并在原始样品和洋葱陷阱培养增殖过程中测定其丰度、丰富度和多样性。采用α和β多样性指数和主成分分析(PCA)对AMF群落进行比较。结果表明，与B-Cd相比，A-Cd的AMF形态种丰度(21%)、丰富度(20%)和多样性(11%)显著降低。两个AMF群落共有5个属，但23个形态种中只有4个在两个群落中发现。通过beta多样性分析和主成分分析，发现AMF群落的相似性和流动率较低。在A-Cd中，diverspora spurca, Rhizoglomus sp.和Claroideoglomus etunicatum的优势表明这些形态种具有抗逆性，它们是开发Cd胁迫下可可植物缓解策略的潜在候选物种。
{"title":"Alta presencia de cadmio resulta en baja diversidad de hongos formadores de micorrizas arbusculares asociados a cacao (Theobroma cacao L.)","authors":"Jhon Felipe Sandoval Pineda, Urley Adrián Pérez, A. Rodríguez, E. T. Rojas","doi":"10.15446/ABC.V25N3.78746","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15446/ABC.V25N3.78746","url":null,"abstract":"Arbuscular mycorrhizae fungi (AMF) are obligate symbionts present in rhizosphere of cocoa plants and their community diversity is modified depending on several factors, such as cadmium (Cd) presence in soil. AMF persistence on Cd natural enriched soils might be an indicator of their tolerance and their potential in biotechnological applications. In this research we characterized local AMF community structure present in cocoa rhizosphere soils with low (B-Cd: 0,1 mg kg -1 ) and high (A-Cd: 20,9 mg kg -1 ) natural Cd concentrations. AMF spore identification was carried out using taxonomic keys and their abundance, richness and diversity were determined in original samples and after multiplication process using onion trap cultures.AMF communities were compared using alpha and beta diversity indexes and principal component analysis (PCA). The results indicated that A-Cd presented significative lower values of abundance (21 %), richness (20 %) and diversity (11 %) of AMF morphospecies in comparison with B-Cd.Both AMF communities presented five of seven genera in common, but only four of 23 morphospecies described were found in two communities. Low similarity and turnover were found among AMF communities throughout beta diversity analysis and PCA.Dominance of Diversispora spurca , Rhizoglomus sp. and Claroideoglomus etunicatum in A-Cd suggests that these morphospecies are stress-tolerant and they are potential candidates for the development of mitigation strategies in cocoa plants under Cd stress.","PeriodicalId":55336,"journal":{"name":"Bothalia","volume":"65 2 Spec No 1","pages":"333-344"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85059008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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